Displaying publications 241 - 260 of 624 in total

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  1. Fulltext Crystal structure and functional analysis of human C1ORF123
    A Rahaman SN, Mat Yusop J, Mohamed-Hussein ZA, Aizat WM, Ho KL, Teh AH, et al.
    PeerJ, 2018;6:e5377.
    PMID: 30280012 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5377
    Proteins of the DUF866 superfamily are exclusively found in eukaryotic cells. A member of the DUF866 superfamily, C1ORF123, is a human protein found in the open reading frame 123 of chromosome 1. The physiological role of C1ORF123 is yet to be determined. The only available protein structure of the DUF866 family shares just 26% sequence similarity and does not contain a zinc binding motif. Here, we present the crystal structure of the recombinant human C1ORF123 protein (rC1ORF123). The structure has a 2-fold internal symmetry dividing the monomeric protein into two mirrored halves that comprise of distinct electrostatic potential. The N-terminal half of rC1ORF123 includes a zinc-binding domain interacting with a zinc ion near to a potential ligand binding cavity. Functional studies of human C1ORF123 and its homologue in the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe (SpEss1) point to a role of DUF866 protein in mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  2. Tissue and Serum Trace Elements Concentration among Colorectal Patients: A Systematic Review of Case-Control Studies
    Nawi AM, Chin SF, Azhar Shah S, Jamal R
    Iran J Public Health, 2019 Apr;48(4):632-643.
    PMID: 31110973
    Background: Trace elements play a pivotal role in Colorectal Cancer (CRC) inhibition and development process. This systematic review provides the basic comparison of case-control studies focusing on concentration of trace elements between those with CRC and controls.

    Methods: The systematic review searched through two databases of Medline and Cochrane up to 24th June 2017. The search strategy focused on Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes (PICO). We searched the role of trace elements in cancer and focusing on case-control studies in CRC to obtain an insight into the differences in trace element concentrations between those with and without cancer.

    Results: The serum concentrations of Ca, Cu, Mg, Mn, Se, Si, and Zn were lower in CRC patients but for Co and S the levels were higher in CRC patients. The concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn were increased in patients with metastasis, but not in Se. As for colon tissue specimens, inconsistent levels were reported between studies, notably in Cu, Se, and Zn. No changes were reported for B and Ca levels. Most of the trace elements in the tissue specimens showed higher concentrations of Cr, Fe, K, Mg, P, Rb, S, and Si compared to Br.

    Conclusion: With the growing interest to understand the link between trace elements in carcinogenesis and the possible interactions, multi assessment analysis of a larger cohort of samples is necessary.

    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  3. Perlakuan Beberapa Unsur Major dan Unsur Surih dalam Profil Luluhawa Batuan Basalt di Segamat Johor
    Baba Musta, Mohamad Md. Tan
    Sains Malaysiana, 1996;25.
    Highly weathered basaltic rock was exposed at PSK profile of Kuantan, Segamat Highway. The weathering profile from fresh rock soil can be observed at PKJ profile at Kg. Jabi Quarry. Twelve rock and soil samples from PSK profile and thirteen samples from PKJ profile have been collected for geochemical analysis. The objective of the analysis is to establish the behaviour of several major and trace elements in the weathering profile of the basaltic rock. The samples were analysed by XRF and XRD techniques. Petrographic study was done on fresh rock samples and concretions. The concentration of major elements (TiO2, Al2O3 and Fe2O3) appear to be increased with the increasing of the degree of weathering whereas the concentration of SiO2 and CaO are decreased. There is a clear correlation between Fe2O3 + Al2O3 with L.O.I as well as between Fe2O3 with Al2O3. Behaviour of the trace elements (Ni, Co, Cr and Zn) against the weathering process are totally different. The secondary minerals (kaolinite, nactire, geothite, hematite and gibbsite) appear to control the behaviour of the major and trace elements.
    Batuan basalt yang terluluhawa sepenuhnya telah dicerap di lokaliti PSK Lebuhraya Segamat-Kuantan. Profil luluhawa yang boleh dilihat perubahan daripada batuan segar hingga tanih didapati di lokaliti PKJ Kuari Kg. Jabi. Dua contoh profil dengan masing-masing 12 sampel dan 13 sample tanih telah dikaji untuk menentukan perlakuan beberapa unsur major dan unsur surih batuan basalt yang terluluhawa. Kaedah analisis yang digunakan ialah pendarflour sinar-X (XRF) dan pembelauan sinar-X (XRF). Kajian petrografi pula dibuat pada sampel batuan segar dan sampel konkresi. Nilai unsur major TiO2, Al2O3 dan Fe2O3 bertambah dengan bertambahnya darjah luluhawa manakala SiO2 dan CaO menyusut. Hubungan korelasi Fe2O3 + Al2O3 dengan L.O.I dan Fe2O3 denagn Al2O3 adalah jelas. Unsur surih nikel (Ni) kobalt (Co), kromium (Cr) dan zink (Zn) mempunyai perlakuan yang berbeza-beza dengan luluhawa. Perlakuan yang ditunjukkan oleh unsur major dan surih tersebut dikawal oleh mineral sekunder (koalinit, nakrit, geotit, hematit dan gibsit).
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  4. Penspesiesan Ion-ion Ferum dengan Resin Poli (Asid Hidroksamik)(Speciation of Iron Ions Using Poly(Hydroxamic Acid)) Resin
    Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus, Md Jelas Haron
    Sains Malaysiana, 1996;25.
    Poly(hydroxamic acid) ion exchange resin was evaluated for speciation of iron(II) and iron(III) ions. Distribution coefficients indicate that the resin is more selective towards iron(III) ion. Column extractions show that iron(III) ion is quantatively extracted from sulfuric acid solutions at concentrations of between 0.01 to 0.00lM but only 2% or less of iron(II) ion is retained under these conditions. Further studies show that these two ions can be separated and their separations are not affected by the presence of nickel, zinc, copper, calcium, chloride, bromide, nitrate and sulphate.
    Resin penukar ion poli(asid hidroksamik) telah dikaji untuk penspesiesan ion-ionferum. Pekali taburan menunjukkan resin ini mempunyai kepilihan yang tinggi terhadap ion ferik berbanding dengan ionferus. Pengekstrakan dengan kaedah turus mendapati ion ferik dari larutan asid sulfurik 0.01 dan 0.00lM boleh diesktrak secara kuantitatif manakala pengekstrakan ion ferus hanya 2% atau lebih kecil. Kajian lanjut menunjukkan resin ini boleh memisahkan ion ferik dari ion ferus dan pemisahan ini tidak diganggu oleh kehadiran ion-ion nikel, zink, kuprum, kalsium, klorida, bromida, nitrat dan sulfat.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  5. Bioakumulasi Logam Berat Dalam Ikan Air Tawar di Perairan Sekitar Empangan Lohan, Ranau, Sabah (Heavy Metal Bio-accumulation in Fresh Water Fish Around the Lohan Dam, Ranau, Sabah)
    Jumat Salimon, Maimunah Sulaiman
    Sains Malaysiana, 1997;26(1):61-68.
    A study of the heavy metal bio-accumulation by fresh water fish, Tilapia nilotica around Lohan Dam was carried out in aquarium system. The study showed that the fish tissues cultured in contaminated water samples, (location S3 and 54) contain higher heavy metals concentration compared with the fish cultured in uncontaminated water samples (S1 and S2). The concentrations of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni and Cr in fish tissues are higher compared with those of Co, Cd and Pb. The bio-accumulation rates of Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni and Co are 25 times higher than those of the base levels and 10 times higher than those of the controls. The heavy metal bio-accumulation order in T. nilotica is as follows: Mn> Cu> Cr> Ni> Co> Zn> Pb> Cd> Fe. The heavy metal intakes by fish during the experimental period did not exceed the level concentration levels.
    Kajian bioakumulasi logam berat oleh ikan air tawar, Tilapia nilotica di perairan sekitar Empangan Lohan dilakukan dengan kaedah ternakan akuarium. Hasil kajian menunjukkan tisu ikan yang diternak dalam sampel air tercemar (lokasi S3 dan S4) mengandungi logam berat yang lebih tinggi dari tisu ikan yang diternak dalam sampel air tidak tercemar (lokasi S1 dan S2). Kepekatan logam berat seperti Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni dan Cr didapati tinggi dalam tisu ikan berbanding dengan kepekatan Co, Cd dan Pb. Kadar bioakumulasi logam berat daIam ikan didapati tinggi bagi Zn, Mn, Cu, Ni dan Co yang masing-masing melebihi 25 kali ganda dari paras asal dan lebih 10 kali ganda dari paras kawalan. Siri bioakumulasi logam berat yang dikaji dalam ikan T. nilotica menurut urutan; Mn> Cu> Cr> Ni> Co> Zn> Pb> Cd> Fe. Kepekatan logam berat yang dapat diambil oleh ikan dalam masa kajian tidak mencapai nilai yang dapat menyebabkan kematian kepada ikan.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  6. Characterisation of the leaching behaviour of coal fly ash with tank leaching test method
    Khoo KS, Lim AL, Sukiman Sarmani
    Sains Malaysiana, 2007;36:45-52.
    Characterisation of the leaching behaviour of coal fly ash from Tenaga Nasional Berhad (TNB) by using tank leaching test method has been reported. The leachability of the constituents such as major elements and toxic metals in the coal fly ash was studied. Eight renewed leachant solutions after 6 hours, 1, 2, 5, 8, 21, 36 and 64 days were investigated after filtration. The parameters namely pH, cumulative release regarding the major elements and toxic metals to duration were presented. The results showed that the pH solutions increased from pH 4 to neutral and remained stable during the test. It might have resulted from the large buffering capacity of the coal fly ashes. Five major elements namely Al, Ca, K, Mg and Na were detected with Ca concentration in the leachant solutions was the highest for all samples. Toxic metals such as As, Ba, Co, Cr, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se and Zn were found and the test showed consistent results on the As, Ba, Mn, Se and Zn in leachant solutions. The findings also showed that some of the toxic metal concentrations namely As, Ba, Cr, Pb and Se exceeded the maximum allowance of the guideline of drinking water quality in Malaysia and WHO. Obviously, proper waste management has to be applied in this scenario.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  7. Application of factor analysis in geochemical fractions of heavy metals in the surface sediments of the offshore and intertidal areas of Peninsular Malaysia
    Yap C
    Sains Malaysiana, 2012;41:389-394.
    In this study, heavy metal data (including four geochemical fractions) from offshore and intertidal sediments collected off the west coast of Peninsular Malaysia were analyzed using factor analysis. A similarity was found when comparing between offshore and intertidal sediments, where out of the 20 variables, five factors (resistant Cu, total Cu, resistant Pb, total Pb and total Zn) could be clearly selected on the basis of their high loadings as derived by factor analysis in both sediment sampling areas. However, the statistical outputs based on the present study using factor analysis cannot be practically acceptable mainly because the resistant fractions are not of anthropogenic origins and ecotoxicologists are more concern on the anthropogenic ones. Only a modification using a specific normalizing agent such as the nonresistant fraction, should be tested to show feasibility of the contribution of anthropogenic sources in the two sampling areas. However, a more comprehensive metal monitoring data should be compiled to complement the results obtainable from factor analysis, before a valid Malaysian Marine Sediment Pollution Index or Sediment Quality Guidelines, can be proposed to be established.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  8. Synergistic and antagonistic effects of zinc bioaccumulation with lead and antioxidant activities in centella asiatica
    ONG G, YAP C, MAZIAH M, TAN S
    Sains Malaysiana, 2013;42:1549-1555.
    This study was carried out by using Centella asiatica grown using a hydroponic system under laboratory conditions to study synergistic and antagonistic effects of Zn bioaccumulation with added Pb and the changes in antioxidant activities in leaves and roots of C. asiatica. The antioxidant activities included superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX). The treatments Zn (2 ppm) + Pb (0.4 ppm) and Zn (4 ppm) + Pb (0.6 ppm) increased the accumulation of Zn in leaves by 14.06 and 16.84%, respectively, but decreased by 7.36% uptake in roots (Zn 4 ppm + Pb 0.6 ppm). This showed that Pb and Zn acted synergistically to Zn accumulation in leaves but antagonistically in roots. CAT and SOD activities in leaves were increased when Zn was added together with Pb. In roots, CAT, APX and SOD activities were increased but GPX was decreased. Owing to their sensitivities to Zn with Pb, SOD and CAT could be used as biomarkers to monitor the toxicity of Pb and Zn exposure in the leaves and roots of C. asiatica.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  9. Structural properties of zinc oxide thin films deposited on various substrates
    Ching C, Om P, Ng S, Hassan Z, Abu Hassan H, Abdullah M
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:923-927.
    In this work, the structural properties of radio frequency sputtering-grown zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films on sapphire (Al203), gallium arsenide (GaAs) and n-type silicon (Si) substrates were characterized. Scanning electron microscopy was employed to study the surface morphology of the samples. X-ray diffraction (xRD) measurements were also performed to obtain the structural information of the samples. The xRD results showed that the ZnO layers grown on different substrates have similar lattice constant (c) values, which were used to calculate the strain percentages of the ZnO thin films. The surface morphologies of the ZnO thin films indicated the formation of a granular surface when ZnO is deposited on n-type Si(100) and Si( 111 ) substrates. Meanwhile, a leaf-like surface is obtained when ZnO is deposited on GaAs and Al203 substrates. The results showed that the ZnO thin film grown on n-type Si(100) has the best quality among all the samples.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  10. Fulltext Shape-dependent antibacterial activity against escherichia coli of zinc oxide nanoparticles
    Nor Hazliana Harun, Mydin, Rabiatul Basria S.M.N., Sreekantan, Srimala, Khairul Arifah Saharudin, Norfatehah Basiron, Fakrul Radhi, et al.
    Journal of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, 2018;3(2):35-38.
    MyJurnal
    Zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) has become as promising candidate for antibacterial agents against Escherichia coli (E.coli), commensal hospital- acquired infections (HAIs). This study investigates the antibacterial action of ZnO NPs in three difference shapes; nanorod, nanoflakes and nanospheres against E.coli ATCC 25922. The antibacterial activity of ZnO NPs was determine through two standard protocols known as Clinical Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) MO2-A11 under light conditions of 5.70 w/m2 and American standard test method (ASTM) E-2149. Preliminary screening shows ZnO NPs did not inhibit the growth of E.coli. Further analysis using ASTM E-2149 in dynamic conditions revealed antibacterial activity after 3 hours with 100% reduction for ZnO NPs nanoflakes and 6 hours with 94.63% reduction for ZnO nanospheres, respectively. It demonstrated the ZnO NPs in nanoflakes and nanospheres exerted higher antibacterial activity possibly through release of ios, free radicals, ROS generation and electrostatic collision which contribute to bacterial death. Further analysis is needed to investigate biocompatibility of these samples for future biomedical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  11. Fulltext Mechanisms of removal of heavy metal ions by ZnO particles
    Le AT, Pung SY, Sreekantan S, Matsuda A, Huynh DP
    Heliyon, 2019 Apr;5(4):e01440.
    PMID: 31008388 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01440
    Effluent discharges from industry and domestic waste containing unknown inorganic pollutants. In this work, different mechanisms of heavy metal ions removal using ZnO particles were studied. ZnO particles were synthesized using solid precipitation technique. The morphology of ZnO particles was rod-like shape. The average length and diameter of ZnO particle were 497.34 ± 15.55 and 75.78 ± 10.39nm, respectively. These particles removed effectively heavy metal ions such as Cu(II), Ag(I) and Pb(II) ions with efficiency >85% under exposure of 1 hour of UV light. However, poor removal efficiency, i.e. <15% was observed for Cr(VI), Mn(II), Cd(II) and Ni(II) ions. The removal of these heavy metal ions was in the forms of metals or metal oxide via reduction/oxidation or adsorption mechanism.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  12. Genotoxic effect of zinc and cadmium following single and binary mixture exposures in tilapia (oreochromis niloticus) using micronucleus test
    Abu Bakar S, Ashriya A, Shuib A, Razak S
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:1053-1059.
    The aim of this study was to investigate the genotoxicity effect of Cd and Zn and their binary mixtures in tilapia fish Oreochromis niloticus using the micronucleus test. Two cytogenetic end points were considered; the frequencies of micronucleated cells and nuclear abnormalities. Fishes were exposed to 4.63 mg/L Cd, 7.50 mg/L Zn and 4.63 mg/L Cd + 7.50 mg/L Zn mixture for the period of 24, 48, 72 and 96 h. The results showed that the frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in the erythrocyte were significantly increased in all groups of treatments when compared with the control group (0 exposures). In addition, the highest frequencies of micronucleated and nuclear abnormalities were obtained after 48 h exposure in almost all cases (except in the mixture of Cd+Zn) and decreased after 72 and 96 h exposure. Frequencies of micronuclei and erythrocytes with nuclear abnormalities exposed to a mixture of Cd+Zn in O. niloticus were always lower at all-time points (after 24, 48, 72 and 96 h) than that of a single Cd and Zn exposure. Therefore, the study demonstrated that the genotoxic potential of these metal compounds and the simultaneous treatment of Cd and Zn suggest the presence of antagonistic interactions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  13. Evaluation of the phytoremediation potential of two medicinal plants
    Chai TT, Fazilah Abd Manan, Azman Abd Samad, Dayangku Dalilah Mamat
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:503-509.
    Heavy metal pollution leads to human health problems and represents a constant threat to the environment. Pollutant
    clean-up using conventional methods are often hampered by high cost and ineffective pollutant removal. Phytoremediation
    technique is a preferable alternative due to its minimal side effects to the environment in addition to reasonable treatment
    cost. In this study, we investigated the potential of Centella asiatica and Orthosiphon stamineus as phytoremediation
    agents. Both species were grown in contaminated soil obtained from industrial land. Plant growth response and their
    ability to accumulate and translocate zinc, copper and lead were assessed. From this study, root growth of C. asiatica
    was compromised when grown in contaminated soil. Copper was highly accumulated in C. asiatica roots while the
    leaves were more concentrated with zinc and lead. Conversely, all three tested metals were highly detected in the roots
    of O. stamineus, although the root elongation was not adversely affected. Low amount of metals in the stems of both
    species permits longer stem length. Correlation study showed that the accumulation of zinc, copper and lead in plant
    tissues varies depending on plant species and the type of metals. Based on the bioaccumulation, translocation and
    enrichment factor, our study showed that C. asiatica was tolerant towards zinc, copper and lead; hence suitable for
    phytoextraction. By contrast, O. stamineus acted as a moderate accumulator of the tested metal elements.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  14. Species richness of riparian vegetation after three decades of Kenyir dam establishment
    Shahimi S, Salam R, Salim JM, Ahmad A
    Data Brief, 2019 Aug;25:104045.
    PMID: 31194175 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104045
    This data article is on riparian vegetation species richness in four different streams located in the Sultan Mahmud Hydroelectric dam, also known as Kenyir dam and commonly referred to as Tasik Kenyir, Terengganu. The dataset consists of three reservoir-island streams and the other is a small stream located on the mainland. A total of 41 families and 90 species of riparian plants were reported for the first time after 34 years of the establishment of the Sultan Mahmud Hydroelectric dam. Trees contributing 60% of the species recorded in this study and the others were non-tree species, including climbers, ferns, epiphyte, herbs, shrub, strangling trees and palms. Among the recorded riparian plant species, two are introduced which are Clidemia hirta and Mimosa pigra. The highest diversity of riparian plant found in the stream of Sungai Kiang, followed by Sungai Ikan and Sungai Saok with 46, 29 and 17 species respectively for the reservoir-island streams. The mainland stream, Sungai Siput recorded 37 species. These riparian plants provide important ecosystem services, among others soil stabilization, habitat and food for aquatic fauna and water filtration. In terms of plant utilization potential and values, 47 species are identified having medicinal value, 10 species with ornamental value and another 36 species are timber trees. Our study demonstrates that the riparian plants are closely linked to stream size with variability associated with types of stream systems. The data collected also demonstrates that the riparian plant community is at the seral stages of riparian forest. This is indicated by the increase in plant species richness as the vegetation gradually changes from riparian towards mature forest composition. To secure ecological functions of Tasik Kenyir riparian plant assemblages, particularly in stabilizing the lake's margin and riverbank, it is recommended that monitoring and legal protection may need to be imposed by local authority.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  15. Phytotoxicity assessment of nano-ZnO on groundnut (arachis hypogaea) seed germination in MS medium
    Ehsan Borzouyan Dastjerdi, Ismail Sahid, Khairiah Jusoh
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1183-1190.
    Due to the increasing production and use of nanoparticles in various sectors such as electronic industries and healthcare,
    concerns about the unknown effects caused by the presence of these materials in the natural environment and agricultural
    systems were on the rise. Because of the growing trend of ZnO nanoparticles (nZnO) which is one of the most widely
    used nanoparticles being released into the environment, it has attracted the attention for more studies to be done on
    the effects of this nanoparticle on organisms. This study was carried out to investigate the phytotoxicity effect of nZnO
    on groundnut seedlings in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium. The experimental treatments of this study include eight
    concentrations of nZnO (10, 30, 50, 100, 200, 400, 1000 & 2000 mg.L-1) added to MS medium and MS medium without
    nanoparticles have been used as control treatment. For the first 6 days after sowing, germination percent and germination
    rate index were calculated by counting the germinated seeds every day. Groundnut seedlings were incubated for 3 weeks
    in optimum condition and after that, seedling characteristics such as length, wet and dry weight of radicle and plumule
    were measured. The water content of radicle and plumule were also calculated. The results of this study showed that
    radicle and plumule length of groundnut seedlings were affected by nZnO exposure, in a way that length of radicles in 50
    mg.L-1 nZnO and higher concentrations was significantly lower than that of control treatment and the shortest plumule
    length was observed in 2000 mg.L-1 nZnO concentration treatment. Both the radicle and plumule wet weight were also
    decreased as the nanoparticle concentration was increased. However, despite the decreasing in radicle and plumule dry
    weight with increasing in nZnO concentration, this increase was not significant. However radicle dry weight in 10 mg.L-1
    nZnO was significantly higher than nZnOtreatments with 200 mg.L-1 concentration and higher concentrations. Moreover,
    observations of this study did not show any significant difference between the water content of nZnO concentration
    treatments and control treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  16. Synthesis of zinc selenide/graphene oxide composite via direct and indirect hydrothermal method
    Kee LH, Ying Chyi JL, Zainal Abidin Talib, Mohammad Shuhazlly Mamat, Hong Ngee JL, Fakhrurrazi Ashari, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1201-1206.
    Zinc selenide/graphene oxide (ZnSe/GO) composite is synthesized using hydrothermal method. Two different methods
    such as direct and indirect route have been investigated to form the ZnSe/GO composite. In this research, the graphene
    oxide used was in sheet and liquid form. The synthesized composite was then characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD)
    for phase identification, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) for morphology analysis and ultravioletvisible
    spectroscopy (UV-Vis) for optical properties. ZnSe/GO composite showed absorption peak ranging from 460 to
    480 nm with the optical band gap obtained through Tauc equation. The optical band gap of the ZnSe/GO composite has
    been tuned down to a smaller value as compared to the bulk ZnSe compound. The optical band gap has been reduced
    to around 2.53 eV when liquid graphene oxide was used while around 2.23 to 2.32 eV when graphene oxide sheet was
    used. The purity of ZnSe/GO composite synthesis via indirect hydrothermal method is higher than those synthesized via
    direct hydrothermal method. The type of graphene oxide will affect the morphology of the composite where the ZnSe
    compound was either wrapped by tiny thorn-like substance or graphene oxide layer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Compounds
  17. Heavy metals leaching behaviour assessment of palm oil clinker
    Mohammad Razaul Karim, Sumiani Yusoff, Hashim Abdul Razak, Faisal I. Chowdhury, Hossain Zabed
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:523-530.
    Technical benefit of incorporation of Palm Oil Clinker (POC) in cement-based applications has been proven in recent
    studies. The aim of this work was to assess the heavy metal leaching behavior to ensure environmental safety of using
    POC in cement-based applications. The chemical composition, morphology, total organic carbon (TOC) and mineralogy
    were determined using XRF, FESEM, TOC analyzers and XRD to select appropriate chemical reagents for complete digestion.
    HNO3
    , HF and HClO4
    were used for digestion of POC to measure heavy metal content using ICP-MS. The chemical reagents
    CH3
    COOH, NH2
    OH-HCl, H2
    O2
    +CH3
    COONH4
    and HF+HNO3
    +HCl were used for extraction of acid soluble, reducible,
    oxidizable and residual fractions of heavy metals in POC, respectively. The leaching toxicity of the POC was investigated
    by the USEPA 1311 TCLP method. The result showed the presence of Be, V, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Ag, Cd, Ba and Pb with
    levels of 5.13, 11.02, 2.65, 1.93, 45.43, 11.84, 15.07, 0, 0, 81.97 and 1.76 mg/kg, respectively, in POC. The leaching value
    in mg/L of As (4.56), Cu(1.05), Be (0.89), Zn(0.51), Ba(0.26), Ni (0.17), V(0.15), Cr(0.001) and Se (0.001) is found well
    below the standard limit of risk. Risk assessment code (RAC) analysis confirms the safe incorporation of POC in cementbased
    applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
  18. Fulltext Electrochemical-Based Biosensors on Different Zinc Oxide Nanostructures: A Review
    Napi MLM, Sultan SM, Ismail R, How KW, Ahmad MK
    Materials (Basel), 2019 Sep 15;12(18).
    PMID: 31540160 DOI: 10.3390/ma12182985
    Electrochemical biosensors have shown great potential in the medical diagnosis field. The performance of electrochemical biosensors depends on the sensing materials used. ZnO nanostructures play important roles as the active sites where biological events occur, subsequently defining the sensitivity and stability of the device. ZnO nanostructures have been synthesized into four different dimensional formations, which are zero dimensional (nanoparticles and quantum dots), one dimensional (nanorods, nanotubes, nanofibers, and nanowires), two dimensional (nanosheets, nanoflakes, nanodiscs, and nanowalls) and three dimensional (hollow spheres and nanoflowers). The zero-dimensional nanostructures could be utilized for creating more active sites with a larger surface area. Meanwhile, one-dimensional nanostructures provide a direct and stable pathway for rapid electron transport. Two-dimensional nanostructures possess a unique polar surface for enhancing the immobilization process. Finally, three-dimensional nanostructures create extra surface area because of their geometric volume. The sensing performance of each of these morphologies toward the bio-analyte level makes ZnO nanostructures a suitable candidate to be applied as active sites in electrochemical biosensors for medical diagnostic purposes. This review highlights recent advances in various dimensions of ZnO nanostructures towards electrochemical biosensor applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  19. Fulltext A new species of Aciconula (Amphipoda, Senticauda, Caprellidae) from Sultan Iskandar Marine Park, Malaysia
    Lim JHC, Azman BAR, Othman BHR
    Zookeys, 2019;859:17-29.
    PMID: 31327920 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.859.33284
    A new species of caprellid, Aciconulatinggiensis (Amphipoda, Senticaudata, Caprellidae) was discovered from Pulau Tinggi, Sultan Iskandar Marine Park (SIMP), South China Sea, Malaysia. The new Malaysian species can be distinguished from the other Aciconula species by the combination of the following characters: 1. the presence of a very small suture between head and pereonite 1; 2. antenna 1 flagellum with 4 articles; 3. inner lobe of lower lip unilobed; 4. gnathopod 2 palm of propodus with a large proximal projection (stretching from the proximal margin of the palm to nearly mid-way of palm); 5. pereopods 3-4 with 2 articles (article 1 subrectangular, article 2 conical or tapering at the tip with 1 plumose seta and 2 normal setae) and; 6. pereopod 5 covered with relatively dense and long setae. An updated identification key for the five known species in the genus, including information on the respective geographical distribution and habitat, is presented.
    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc Oxide
  20. Fulltext Zinc Supplementation and Ischemia Pre-conditioning in Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury
    Mazaheri B, Emami F, Moslemi F, Talebi A, Nematbakhsh M
    Malays J Med Sci, 2019 Jul;26(4):39-46.
    PMID: 31496892 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2019.26.4.5
    Backgrounds: Renal ischemia/reperfusion (RIR) is a major cause of kidney dysfunction in clinic. The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of pre-conditioning ischemia (IPC) and zinc (Zn) supplementation on renal RIR injury.

    Methods: A total of 63 unilateral nephrectomised male and female Wistar rats were divided into five groups. Group 1 (ShOPR): Rats as sham-operated group were subjected to surgical procedure without RIR. Group 2 (Isch): Rats underwent RIR (left kidney ischemia for 30 min followed by 48 h reperfusion). Group 3 (Zn+Isch): Rats were treated as group 2 but they received Zn sulphate (30 mg/kg) 1 h before induction of RIR. Group 4 (IPC+Isch): Rats were treated as group 2 but they underwent 1 min of ischemia followed by 3 min reperfusion as IPC, which was repeated for three times before induction of RIR. Group 5 (Zn+IPC+Isch): Rats were subjected to receive both Zn sulphate and IPC before induction of RIR. Urine samples were collected in the last 6 h of reperfusion, and finally biochemical and histological measurements were performed.

    Results: The serum level of creatinine (Cr), normalised kidney weight (KW) and kidney tissue damage score (KTDS) increased by RIR alone significantly (P < 0.05). These parameters were attenuated statistically by Zn supplementation (P < 0.05). However, IPC alone or co-treatment of Zn and IPC did not improve the biochemical and histological markers altered by RIR injury.

    Conclusion: Zn supplementation had a protective role against RIR while such protective effect was not observed by IPC alone or by co-treatment of Zn and IPC.

    Matched MeSH terms: Zinc
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