METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among medical students aged 18 years old and above in 7 countries; Egypt, Romania, Malaysia, and Yemen, Iraq, India, and Nigeria. We used social media platforms between September 27 and November 4, 2022. An anonymous online survey using the 5C scale was conducted using snowball and convenience Sampling methods to assess the 5 psychological antecedents of vaccination (i.e., confidence, constraints, complacency, and calculation, as well as collective responsibility).
RESULTS: A total of 2780 participants were recruited. Participants' median age was 22 years and 52.1% of them were males. The 5C psychological antecedents of vaccination were as follows: 55% were confident about vaccination, 10% were complacent, 12% experienced constraints, and 41% calculated the risk and benefit. Lastly, 32% were willing to be vaccinated for the prevention of infection transmission to others. The Country was a significant predictor of confidence, complacency, having constraints, and calculation domains (P < 0.001). Having any idea about the mpox vaccine was linked to 1.6 times higher odds of being more confident [OR = 1.58 (95% CI, 1.26-1.98), P < 0.001] Additionally, living in a rural area significantly increased complacency [OR = 1.42 (95% CI, 1.05-1.95), P = 0.024] as well as having anyone die from mpox [OR = 3.3 (95% CI, 1.64-6.68), P < 0.001]. Education level was associated with increased calculation [OR = 2.74 (95% CI, 1.62-4.64), P < 0.001]. Moreover, being single and having no chronic diseases significantly increased the calculation domain [OR = 1.40 (95% CI, 1.06-1.98), P = 0.02] and [OR = 1.54 (95% CI, 1.10-2.16), P = 0.012] respectively. Predictors of collective responsibility were age 31-45 years [OR = 2.89 (95% CI, 1.29-6.48), P = 0.01], being single [OR = 2.76 (95% CI, 1.94 -3.92), P < 0.001], being a graduate [OR = 1.59 (95% CI (1.32-1.92), P < 0.001], having no chronic disease [OR = 2.14 (95% CI, 1.56-2.93), P < 0.001], and not knowing anyone who died from mpox [OR = 2.54 (95% CI, 1.39-4.64), P < 0.001), as well as living in a middle-income country [OR = 0.623, (95% CI, 0.51-0.73), P < 0.001].
CONCLUSIONS: This study underscores the multifaceted nature of psychological antecedents of vaccination, emphasizing the impact of socio-demographic factors, geographic location, and awareness, as well as previous experiences on individual attitudes and collective responsibility towards vaccination.
AIMS AND METHODS: Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS)s from Georgia, Iraq, Italy, Latvia, Montenegro, Paraguay, Peru, Qatar, Romania, and San Marino were analyzed. Changes in prevalence of "awareness of e-cigarettes," "ever use" (even tried a few puffs) and "current use" (during last 30 days) of e-cigarettes and cigarette smoking, and "dual use" (both e-cigarette and cigarette smoking) between baseline (2013 and 2014) and most recent (2017-2019) surveys were estimated.
RESULTS: "Awareness of e-cigarettes" and "ever e-cigarette use" significantly increased (p 50% in most countries. During the most recent surveys, "current e-cigarette" use was > 10% in five countries Italy (18.3%) and Latvia (18.5%) being the highest. Cigarette smoking significantly declined in Italy, Latvia, Peru, and San Marino (p
METHODS: A total of 78 first-year students from a public university in Henan Province were recruited for this study via a cluster randomized controlled trial (CRCT) design. The participants were divided into an experimental group (blended learning) and a control group (traditional learning). The intervention lasted for 16 weeks, and physical fitness indices such as body mass index (BMI), lung capacity, sit and reach, pull-ups/sit-ups, standing long jumps, 50-meter runs, and 1000/800-meter runs were measured before and after the intervention. Statistical analyses were conducted via generalized estimating equation (GEE) modeling, with the significance level set at P
METHODS: Three AIS patients operated in a day (8:00 AM-8:00 PM) by a dedicated spine team were recruited between 2021 and 2022. The dedicated team comprised of three senior spine consultants who operated using a dual attending surgeon strategy, an anaesthetic consultant, dedicated surgical scrub nurses, anaesthesiology nurses, radiographers, and neuromonitoring technicians. Patients were categorised according to the sequence of operation list of the day (Case 1, Case 2, and Case 3). OT efficiency was represented by OT time in five stages (preoperative time, operative time, postoperative time, total OT time, and turnover time). OT time and perioperative outcomes were compared.
RESULTS: 102 cases were analysed. On average, Case 1 began at 8:38 AM whereas Case 3 ended by 5:54 PM. OT efficiency was consistent throughout the day of operation with comparable OT time in all five stages between groups (p > 0.05). The mean turnover time was 15.1 ± 13.5 min and the mean operative time was 123.0 ± 28.1 min. Intraoperative arterial blood gas (ABG) parameters were maintained in an optimal range. The complication rate was 2.0% (N = 2/102).
CONCLUSION: Consistent OT efficiency was demonstrated with a dedicated spine team approach. Despite performing three AIS cases in a consecutive case operation list, patients' safety was not compromised as perioperative outcomes between groups were comparable.