MyMedR

Embracing diversity in user needs for affective design

Khalid HM

Appl Ergon, 2006 Jul;37(4):409-18.

To develop product portfolios and affective design we need to understand the diversity in user needs. The challenge is how to predict what users want and how they will behave. One approach is to understand user emotions and affective needs, and predict successful product design that can match the needs. This paper discusses affect and its link to cognition. To provide a context, several theories are presented. A framework is described that incorporates characteristics of users, tasks, products, and use environment. The goal is to highlight the importance of emotions in enhancing the value of products. This research field, which we call Hedonomics, is new. There are many challenges in developing valid and reliable measurements of affect, which can influence human factors research as well as design.

Matched MeSH terms: Equipment Design/psychology*

The quality of life of adolescents with menstrual problems

Nur Azurah AG, Sanci L, Moore E, Grover S

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol, 2013 Apr;26(2):102-8.

PMID: 23337310 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2012.11.004

To date, very few publications have examined the health related quality of life (HRQL) in the younger population with menstrual problems, despite their high prevalence in adolescent girls. We describe the health-related quality of life (HRQL) among adolescents with menstrual problems and identified factors that have an impact on it.

Matched MeSH terms: Adolescent Behavior/psychology*; Psychology, Adolescent; Amenorrhea/psychology; Dysmenorrhea/psychology; Menorrhagia/psychology; Menstruation Disturbances/psychology*; Oligomenorrhea/psychology

War nurse's legacy still inspires

Ball K

Nurs Stand, 2013 Jan;27(20):62-3.

PMID: 23431942

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Nursing/psychology*

Fulltext Impact of sexual health course on Malaysian university students

Low WY

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Oct;59(4):443-9.

PMID: 15779575 MyJurnal

A sexual health course was offered and taught by academic staff from the Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya during semester II of every year as a university elective course to other university students apart from medical students. The course covered a wide range of topics: adolescent sexuality, family planning and pregnancy, violence against women, alternative sexual behavior, physiology of sex, sex and the disabled, gender bias in sexuality, relationship and marriage, sexual dysfunctions, clarification of sexual attitudes and STDs and AIDS. The Sexual Knowledge and Attitude Test (SKAT-II) was used to measure students' pre- and post-course scores on sexual knowledge and attitudes. Fifty-four students who completed both the pre- and post-course tests showed a significant change in sexual knowledge and their attitudes towards sexual myths and autoeroticism. Sexual knowledge was also positively correlated with age, heterosexual relations, autoeroticism and sexual myths scores. However, sexual knowledge is negatively related to religiosity and the influence of religious beliefs on one's attitudes towards sexual matters. This study showed that the sexual health course offered does have a positive impact in increasing one's knowledge and changing one's attitudes towards sexual issues.

Matched MeSH terms: Students/psychology

Fulltext Thinking about thinking: changes in first-year medical students' metacognition and its relation to performance

Hong WH, Vadivelu J, Daniel EG, Sim JH

Med Educ Online, 2015;20:27561.

PMID: 26314338 DOI: 10.3402/meo.v20.27561

Studies have shown the importance of metacognition in medical education. Metacognitive skills consist of two dimensions: knowledge of metacognition and regulation of metacognition.

Matched MeSH terms: Students, Medical/psychology*

Fulltext Health Professionals' Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices about Pharmacovigilance in India: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bhagavathula AS, Elnour AA, Jamshed SQ, Shehab A

PLoS One, 2016;11(3):e0152221.

PMID: 27010447 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152221

BACKGROUND: Spontaneous or voluntary reporting of suspected adverse drug reactions (ADRs) is one of the vital roles of all health professionals. In India, under-reporting of ADRs by health professionals is recognized as one of the leading causes of poor ADR signal detection. Therefore, reviewing the literature can provide a better understanding of the status of knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) of Pharmacovigilance (PV) activities by health professionals.

METHODS: A systematic review was performed through Pubmed, Scopus, Embase and Google Scholar scientific databases. Studies pertaining to KAP of PV and ADR reporting by Indian health professionals between January 2011 and July 2015 were included in a meta-analysis.

RESULTS: A total of 28 studies were included in the systematic review and 18 of them were selected for meta-analysis. Overall, 55.6% (95% CI 44.4-66.9; p<0.001) of the population studied were not aware of the existence of the Pharmacovigilance Programme in India (PvPI), and 31.9% (95% CI 16.3-47.4; p<0.001) thought that "all drugs available in the market are safe". Furthermore, 28.7% (95% CI 16.4-40.9; p<0.001) of them were not interested in reporting ADRs and 74.5%, (95% CI 67.9-81.9; p<0.001) never reported any ADR to PV centers.

CONCLUSION: There was an enormous gap of KAP towards PV and ADR reporting, particularly PV practice in India. There is therefore an urgent need for educational awareness, simplification of the ADR reporting process, and implementation of imperative measures to practice PV among healthcare professionals. In order to understand the PV status, PvPI should procedurally assess the KAP of health professionals PV activities in India.

Matched MeSH terms: Health Personnel/psychology*

Mental health mainstreamed in new UN disaster framework

Tsutsumi A, Izutsu T, Ito A, Thornicroft G, Patel V, Minas H

Lancet Psychiatry, 2015 Aug;2(8):679-680.

PMID: 26249285 DOI: 10.1016/S2215-0366(15)00278-3

Matched MeSH terms: Quality of Life/psychology*

Fulltext Phenomenological differences of hallucinations between schizophrenic patients in Penang & Kelantan

Azhar MZ, Varma SL, Hakim HR

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Jun;48(2):146-52.

PMID: 8350789

Two hundred and seventy patients with schizophrenia (104 patients in Kelantan and 166 patients in Penang) were interviewed using the Present State Examination to elicit the differences in the phenomenology of their hallucinations. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the phenomenology of hallucinations between the Malays of Penang and Kelantan and also among some Chinese patients. These findings indicate that culture does affect the phenomenology of schizophrenia, even among people of the same race but of different regions.

Matched MeSH terms: Schizophrenic Psychology*

Religious psychotherapy in anxiety disorder patients

Azhar MZ, Varma SL, Dharap AS

Acta Psychiatr Scand, 1994 Jul;90(1):1-3.

PMID: 7976440

Religious patients with generalized anxiety disorder were given religious psychotherapy in addition to supportive psychotherapy anxiolytic drugs. Those receiving religious psychotherapy showed significantly more rapid improvement in anxiety symptoms than those who received supportive psychotherapy and drugs only. Thus, religious patients may require a different form of psychotherapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Religion and Psychology*

Fulltext Coping among the non-institutionalised ill elderly

Thambypillai V

Med J Malaysia, 1986 Jun;41(2):116-22.

PMID: 3821606

The stress process and events of later life are more irreversible and chronic as compared with those of young adulthood Coping is defined as "things that people do to avoid being harmed by life-strains". This study looks at the coping status of non-institutionalised ill elderly in Holbaek, Denmark. A structured questionnaire was carried out on 500 elderly, aged 70 years and above. Coping status was found to be associated with income, social network, functional capacity and communications ability. The poor copers used more home help and home nursing services. Effective informal social network and functional capacity were found to be important determinants of coping status. The study recommends that besides strengthening the informal social networks of the elderly, they should also be given coping focussed counselling.

Matched MeSH terms: Aged/psychology*

Fulltext Erotomania: two case reports

Loke KH

Med J Malaysia, 1984 Dec;39(4):292-6.

PMID: 6544936

Delusions are common among psychiatric patients. Delusions of passion can be very systematised and, at the same time, incredible. The delusions can remain fixed for a long time and treatment is usually not satisfactory. One of the exotic and rare psychiatric conditions is de Clerarnbault's Syndrome and the main feature is a pure erotomania. This condition defies satisfactory classification in the current ICD-IX and DSM-III, and remains as one of the most difficult to treat and troublesome syndromes. Two patients who developed the symptoms of erotomania were treated by the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur in 1982-1983. One had the primary erotomania of de Clerambaults syndrome while the other suffered from erotomania as a secondary symptom which was part of the symptomatology of her primary illness of schizophrenia. Their case histories and the current western concepts on erotomania were described.

Matched MeSH terms: Neurocognitive Disorders/psychology

Fulltext Rett syndrome--two case reports

Siew HF, Rani JM

Med J Malaysia, 1991 Jun;46(2):192-8.

PMID: 1839426

Two cases of girls seen in Sarawak with the diagnosis of Rett Syndrome are reported. Their ages were 6 and 2 years respectively at the time of the report. Diagnosis is made clinically as there is as yet no scientific marker. Specific diagnostic criteria were met. There was a history of slowing of development followed by loss of previously acquired skills, changes in emotional development and behaviour and the definite emergency of stereotyped behaviour especially hand wringing in both girls. Onset was early in both girls, around nine months. Both girls are profoundly retarded mentally but the regression appeared to be static at present.

Matched MeSH terms: Rett Syndrome/psychology

Fulltext Parental perceptions of children's body shapes

Zalilah MS, Anida HA, Merlin A

Med J Malaysia, 2003 Dec;58(5):743-51.

PMID: 15190662 MyJurnal

The aim was to determine the differences in parents' perceptions of boys' and girls' body shapes and the explanations for the emphasis on body shape care of children. Subjects were low-income parents (n = 158) of preschoolers attending preschools in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Parental perceptions of children's body shapes were assessed based on their rankings (scale of 1 to 7) of four attributes (ideal, healthy, fat and thin) for boy and girl figures. Parental responses to five questions on the importance of body shape were also obtained. Parental rankings of ideal and healthy body shapes were significantly lower for girls than boys (p < 0.001). However, mothers' and fathers' rankings of boys' and girls' body shapes were not significantly different. for both boys and girls, parental ratings for ideal body shape were significantly lower than for healthy body shape (p < 0.001). The majority of parents indicated that children's body shape is important for their future health, self enhancement, social interaction and career. With the increasing prevalence of body dissatisfaction among Malaysian children, these findings contribute to the understanding of parental roles in the development of body image and perhaps, in the etiology of body dissatisfaction among children.

Matched MeSH terms: Parents/psychology*

Fulltext Remote Psychological First Aid (rPFA) in the time of Covid-19: A preliminary report of the Malaysian experience

Francis B, Juares Rizal A, Ahmad Sabki Z, Sulaiman AH

Asian J Psychiatr, 2020 Dec;54:102240.

PMID: 32593120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102240

Matched MeSH terms: Stress, Psychological/psychology

Fulltext Eating style and the nature of food consumption: mapping individuals’ health risks

Shukri M, Mohd Noor NF

Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2017;17(3):82-87.

Research examining whether psychological eating style is related to healthy or unhealthy eating patterns is required to explain the mechanisms underlying non-communicable diseases and obesity. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether eating style predicts the nature of food consumption. This was a cross-sectional study of 588 adults (males = 231 and females = 357). Eating style (i.e. restrained, emotional, external eating) was measured using the short version of the Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ). The nature of food consumption was assessed using self-reports of consumption of fruits and vegetables, sweet foods, junk food, and snacks.The results revealed that restrained eating was higher in females and overweight participants. External eating,a higher frequency of snacking,and a higher frequency of junk food consumptionwere more prevalent among the younger participants. Consistent with previous Western studies, emotional eating was found to be the main predictor of consumption of less healthful foods (sweet foods, junk food, and snacks), whereas external eatingpredicted the intake of sweet foods. The intake of fruits and vegetableswas associated with restrained eating. In light of the significant associations between eating style and the nature of food consumption, acknowledging individuals’ eating styleshas implications for tailoring effective nutritional programs that address obesity and the chronic disease epidemic.

Matched MeSH terms: Eating/psychology

Life Positions and Depression: The Role of Convictions

Anne M, Boholst FA

Psychol Rep, 2021 Jun;124(3):1015-1030.

PMID: 32493107 DOI: 10.1177/0033294120928273

Life Position, one of the central concepts in Transactional Analysis, is a person's convictions about the worth of the self and others-a basic psychological stand, which is deeply ingrained. There are four Life Positions: "I'm OK-You're OK", "I'm OK-You're not OK", "I'm not OK-You're OK", and "I'm not OK-You're not OK". Contradicting Berne's theory of only one depressive position ("I'm not OK-You're OK"), past findings showed that both "I'm not OK-You're OK" and "I'm not OK-You're not OK" positions relate to depression, with the "I'm not OK-You're not OK" position relating to depression more strongly than the "I'm not OK-You're OK" position. The disparity between Berne's original theorizing of depression and the empirical findings may support an alternative conceptualization of the depressive's Life Position, which was the theoretical gap of this research. This research aimed to investigate the differences in how each Life Position relates to depression, and how the underlying convictions of Life Position predict depression. The Life Position Scale and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale were filled in by individuals of the general population. Post hoc analysis revealed that the "I'm not OK-You're not OK" position related most to depression, followed by the "I'm not OK-You're OK" position, the "I'm OK-You're not OK" position, and finally the "I'm OK-You're OK" position. The results also showed that both negative convictions of the self and others contributed significantly to depression, but the former predicted depression more than the latter. Applications of these findings into theoretical and therapy settings were explored.

Matched MeSH terms: Depression/psychology*

Translation and validation of body image instruments: An addendum to Swami and Barron (2019) in the form of frequently asked questions

Swami V, Todd J, Barron D

Body Image, 2021 Jun;37:214-224.

PMID: 33725653 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2021.03.002

Test adaptation - the translation and validation of source instruments for use in new social identity groups - plays a vital role in body image research. Previously, Swami and Barron (2019) developed a set of good practice recommendations and reporting guidelines for the test adaptation of body image instruments. However, a number of issues in that article were not covered in depth and new issues have emerged as a result of developments in theory and practice. Here, we offer an addendum to Swami and Barron in the form of frequently asked questions. Issues discussed in this article include various methods for achieving good translations, the appropriateness of revising instrument components prior to empirical analyses, determining the number of factors to extract in exploratory factor analyses (EFA), and the usefulness of EFA versus confirmatory factor analyses (CFA) in determining factorial validity. We also cover methods of analyses that have been infrequently utilised by body image scholars, including exploratory structural equation modelling (ESEM), bifactor model analyses, and various methods for establish measurement invariance. When read as an addendum to Swami and Barron, we hope this article helps to clarify issues of importance for body image researchers interested in conducting test adaptation work.

Matched MeSH terms: Body Image/psychology*

Demographic and psychiatric aspects of attempted suicides--ninety-six attempts

Murugesan G, Hock YO

Med J Malaysia, 1978 Dec;33(2):102-12.

PMID: 755158

Matched MeSH terms: Suicide, Attempted/psychology*

A study of the aetiology of vertigo in Malaysia

Ponniah RD

Med J Malaysia, 1977 Sep;32(1):41-4.

PMID: 609342

Matched MeSH terms: Vertigo/psychology

A systematic review on Asian's farmers' adaptation practices towards climate change

Shaffril HAM, Krauss SE, Samsuddin SF

Sci Total Environ, 2018 Dec 10;644:683-695.

PMID: 29990916 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.06.349

Climate change in Asia is affecting farmers' daily routines. Much of the focus surrounding climate change has targeted the economic and environmental repercussions on farming. Few systematic reviews have been carried out on the social impacts of climate change among farmers in Asia. The present article set out to analyse the existing literature on Asian farmers' adaptation practices towards the impacts of climate change. Guided by the PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) review method, a systematic review of the Scopus and Web of Science databases identified 38 related studies. Further review of these articles resulted in six main themes - crop management, irrigation and water management, farm management, financial management, physical infrastructure management and social activities. These six themes further produced a total of 35 sub-themes. Several recommendations are highlighted related to conducting more qualitative studies, to have specific and a standard systematic review method for guide research synthesis in context of climate change adaptation and to practice complimentary searching techniques such as citation tracking, reference searching, snowballing and contacting experts.

Matched MeSH terms: Farmers/psychology*

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