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Fulltext Checklist of the mosquito fauna (Diptera, Culicidae) of Cambodia

Maquart PO, Fontenille D, Rahola N, Yean S, Boyer S

Parasite, 2021;28:60.
PMID: 34374642 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2021056

Between 2016 and 2020, the Medical and Veterinary Entomology unit of the Institut Pasteur du Cambodge collected over 230,000 mosquitoes. Based on this sampling effort, a checklist of 290 mosquito species in Cambodia is presented. This is the first attempt to list the Culicidae fauna of the country. We report 49 species for the first time in Cambodia. The 290 species belong to 20 genera: Aedeomyia (1 sp.), Aedes (55 spp.), Anopheles (53 spp.), Armigeres (26 spp.), Coquillettidia (3 spp.), Culex (57 spp.), Culiseta (1 sp.), Ficalbia (1 sp.), Heizmannia (10 spp.), Hodgesia (3 spp.), Lutzia (3 spp.), Malaya (2 spp.), Mansonia (5 spp.), Mimomyia (7 spp.), Orthopodomyia (3 spp.), Topomyia (4 spp.), Toxorhynchites (4 spp.), Tripteroides (6 spp.), Uranotaenia (27 spp.), and Verrallina (19 spp.). The Cambodian Culicidae fauna is discussed in its Southeast Asian context. Forty-three species are reported to be of medical importance, and are involved in the transmission of pathogens.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
Fulltext Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa's pharmacological properties and health effects: A scoping review of current evidence

Lim XY, Tan TYC, Muhd Rosli SH, Sa'at MNF, Sirdar Ali S, Syed Mohamed AF

PLoS One, 2021;16(1):e0245471.
PMID: 33465140 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245471

INTRODUCTION: Hemp (Cannabis sativa subsp. sativa), commonly used for industrial purposes, is now being consumed by the public for various health promoting effects. As popularity of hemp research and claims of beneficial effects rises, a systematic collection of current scientific evidence on hemp's health effects and pharmacological properties is needed to guide future research, clinical, and policy decision making.
OBJECTIVE: To provide an overview and identify the present landscape of hemp research topics, trends, and gaps.
METHODS: A systematic search and analysis strategy according to the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis-ScR (PRISMA-ScR) checklist on electronic databases including MEDLINE, OVID (OVFT, APC Journal Club, EBM Reviews), Cochrane Library Central and Clinicaltrials.gov was conducted to include and analyse hemp research articles from 2009 to 2019.
RESULTS: 65 primary articles (18 clinical, 47 pre-clinical) were reviewed. Several randomised controlled trials showed hempseed pills (in Traditional Chinese Medicine formulation MaZiRenWan) improving spontaneous bowel movement in functional constipation. There was also evidence suggesting benefits in cannabis dependence, epilepsy, and anxiety disorders. Pre-clinically, hemp derivatives showed potential anti-oxidative, anti-hypertensive, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-neuroinflammatory, anti-arthritic, anti-acne, and anti-microbial activities. Renal protective effects and estrogenic properties were also exhibited in vitro.
CONCLUSION: Current evidence on hemp-specific interventions are still preliminary, with limited high quality clinical evidence for any specific therapeutic indication. This is mainly due to the wide variation in test item formulation, as the multiple variants of this plant differ in their phytochemical and bioactive compounds. Future empirical research should focus on standardising the hemp plant for pharmaceutical use, and uniformity in experimental designs to strengthen the premise of using hemp in medicine.

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Preferred Reporting items for OBservational studies in Endodontics (PROBE) guidelines: a development protocol

Nagendrababu V, Duncan HF, Fouad AF, Kirkevang LL, Parashos P, Pigg M, et al.

Int Endod J, 2020 Sep;53(9):1199-1203.
PMID: 32365401 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13318

Observational studies have a significant role in establishing the prevalence and incidence of diseases in populations, as well as determining the benefits and risks associated with health-related interventions. Observational studies principally encompass cohort, case-control, case series and cross-sectional designs. Inadequate reporting of observational studies is likely to have a negative impact on decision-making in day-to-day clinical practice; however, no reporting guidelines have been published for observational studies in Endodontics. The aim of this project is to develop reporting guidelines for authors when creating manuscripts describing observational studies in the field of Endodontology in an attempt to improve the quality of publications. The new guidelines for observational studies will be named: 'Preferred Reporting items for OBservational studies in Endodontics (PROBE)'. A steering committee was formed by the project leaders (PD, VN) to develop the guidelines through a five-phase consensus process. The steering committee will review and adapt items from the STrengthening the Reporting of OBservational studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) statement and the Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications (CLIP) principles, as well as identify new items that add value to Endodontics. The steering committee will create a PROBE Delphi Group (PDG), consisting of 30 members across the globe to review and refine the draft checklist items and flowchart. The items will be assessed by the PDG on a nine-point Likert scale for relevance and inclusion. The agreed items will then be discussed by a PROBE Face-to-Face meeting group (PFMG) made up of 20 individuals to further refine the guidelines. After receiving feedback from the PFMG, the steering committee will pilot and finalize the guidelines. The approved PROBE guidelines will be disseminated through publication in relevant journals, and be presented at national and international conferences. The PROBE checklist and flowchart will be available and downloadable from the Preferred Reporting Items for study Designs in Endodontics (PRIDE) website: www.pride-endodonticguidelines.org. The PROBE steering committee encourages clinicians, researchers, editors and peer reviewers to provide feedback on the PROBE guidelines to inform the steering group when the guidelines are updated.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
PRICE 2020 guidelines for reporting case reports in Endodontics: explanation and elaboration

Nagendrababu V, Chong BS, McCabe P, Shah PK, Priya E, Jayaraman J, et al.

Int Endod J, 2020 Jul;53(7):922-947.
PMID: 32221975 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13300

Case reports play a key role in showcasing new, unusual or rare disease(s), and the impact of newer therapeutic approaches or interventions. The Preferred Reporting Items for Case reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 guidelines are being introduced exclusively for Endodontics by adapting and integrating the CAse REport (CARE) guidelines and Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications principles. The PRICE 2020 guidelines have been developed to help authors improve the completeness, accuracy and transparency of case reports in Endodontics and thus enhance the standard of manuscripts submitted for publication. The aim of this document is to provide a comprehensive explanation for each item in the PRICE 2020 checklist along with examples from the literature that demonstrate compliance with these guidelines. This information will highlight the importance of each item and provide practical examples to help authors understand the necessity of providing comprehensive information when preparing case reports. A link to this PRICE 2020 explanation and elaboration document is available on the Preferred Reporting Items for study Designs in Endodontology website at http://www.pride-endodonticguidelines.org.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
A checklist and key to the tick fauna (Acari: Ixodidae, Argasidae) of Pulau Tioman, Malaysia

Kwak ML

Exp Appl Acarol, 2020 May;81(1):51-58.
PMID: 32246381 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-020-00487-1

Pulau Tioman is a popular tourist island off the east coast of Peninsula Malaysia, known for its vast areas of intact vegetation. Six tick species have been recorded on the island but little is known about their local ecology or public health importance. To facilitate studies of the tick fauna of Pulau Tioman, a checklist of all species and host associations is presented with the first host records, from Pulau Tioman, of Amblyomma helvolum from the Asian water monitor (Varanus salvator) and Amblyomma varanense from the keeled rat snake (Ptyas carinata). A pictorial key is also presented for all tick species known from the island.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
PRICE 2020 guidelines for reporting case reports in Endodontics: a consensus-based development

Nagendrababu V, Chong BS, McCabe P, Shah PK, Priya E, Jayaraman J, et al.

Int Endod J, 2020 May;53(5):619-626.
PMID: 32090342 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13285

Case reports can provide early information about new, unusual or rare disease(s), newer treatment strategies, improved therapeutic benefits and adverse effects of interventions or medications. This paper describes the process that led to the development of the Preferred Reporting Items for Case reports in Endodontics (PRICE) 2020 guidelines through a consensus-based methodology. A steering committee was formed with eight members (PD, VN, BC, PM, PS, EP, JJ and SP), including the project leaders (PD, VN). The steering committee developed an initial checklist by combining and modifying the items from the Case Report (CARE) guidelines and Clinical and Laboratory Images in Publications (CLIP) principles. A PRICE Delphi Group (PDG) and PRICE Face-to-Face Meeting Group (PFMG) were then formed. The members of the PDG were invited to participate in an online Delphi process to achieve consensus on the wording and utility of the checklist items and the accompanying flow chart that was created to complement the PRICE 2020 guidelines. The revised PRICE checklist and flow chart developed by the online Delphi process was discussed by the PFMG at a meeting held during the 19th European Society of Endodontology (ESE) Biennial Congress in Vienna, Austria, in September 2019. Following the meeting, the steering committee created a final version of the guidelines, which were piloted by several authors during the writing of a case report. In order to help improve the clarity, completeness and quality of case reports in Endodontics, we encourage authors to use the PRICE 2020 guidelines.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist*
Fulltext Conspectus of flora, fauna and micro-climate data in Tasik Kenyir from Mac 2015-February 2016

Afiq Ramlee MN, Hussin MF, Roslan A, Rosmidi FH, Pesiu E, Aisyah A Rahim N, et al.

Data Brief, 2020 Apr;29:105328.
PMID: 32181296 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105328

This data article presents the diversity of flora and selected fauna in Tasik Kenyir, Malaysia. This man-made lake once suffered huge loss of biodiversity for allowing an earth-dam construction during 1980s. Series of publications on different types of target taxa have been published separately after the post-dam construction. A biodiversity assessment was conducted in Tasik Kenyir from March 2015 until February 2016. The one year assessment were compiled with the previous published data to document and updated the biodiversity checklist in the lake. The data show that Tasik Kenyir is occupied by 113 tree species, 217 butterfly species, 35 bee species, 26 reptile species, 267 aves species and 153 mammal species. The micro-climate data was downloaded from the Malaysian Meteorological Department and analysed in R Studio to highlight the relationship between climate data and biodiversity data.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
Quality Assessment of Systematic Reviews of Temporomandibular Joint Ankylosis Surgical Treatment Outcomes

Kattimani VS, Jairaj A, Govindan NO, Mathai P, Sahu S, Patley A, et al.

J Contemp Dent Pract, 2020 Mar 01;21(3):337-349.
PMID: 32434984

AIM: Temporomandibular joint ankylosis (TMJA) management involves many surgical treatment modalities depending on the experience of the operator. A lot of literature has been published on various treatment modalities. Many systematic reviews (SRs) were published without any published prior protocol. So, the study aimed to evaluate the quality of SRs with meta-analysis of TMJA management.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Systematic reviews with meta-analysis were included for the quality assessment using AMSTAR (assessment of multiple SRs) and Glenny et al. checklist by two independent teams. The search was limited to the Medline database archival (from January 1980 to December 2018).
RESULTS: The primary search identified 1,507 related articles. After activation of different filters, abstracts screening, and cross-referencing, finally, a total of six studies were assessed to make the overview up-to-date.
CONCLUSION: The articles scored 8 to 11 with AMSTAR and 7 to 13 with the Glenny et al. checklist. None of the published reviews received maximum scores. The methodology and heterogeneity are essential factors to assess the quality of the published literature.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: None of the included meta-analysis was registered or published protocol with Prospero or Cochrane before publication for better validity of the studies. The authors are advised to follow reporting criteria so that in the future it is possible to provide the standards of care for TMJA with the highest quality of evidence.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist*
Fulltext Cochrane Rehabilitation: 2019 annual report

Arienti C, Kiekens C, Bettinsoli R, Engkasan JP, Gimigliano F, Grubisic F, et al.

Eur J Phys Rehabil Med, 2020 Feb;56(1):120-125.
PMID: 32093464 DOI: 10.23736/S1973-9087.20.06188-2

During its third year of existence, Cochrane Rehabilitation goals included to point out the main methodological issues in rehabilitation research, and to increase the Knowledge Translation activities. This has been performed through its committees and specific projects. In 2019, Cochrane Rehabilitation worked on five different special projects at different stages of development: 1) a collaboration with the World Health Organization to extract the best evidence for Rehabilitation (Be4rehab); 2) the development of a reporting checklist for Randomised Controlled Trials in rehabilitation (RCTRACK); 3) the definition of what is the rehabilitation for research purposes; 4) the ebook project; and 5) a prioritization exercise for Cochrane Reviews production. The Review Committee finalized the screening and "tagging" of all rehabilitation reviews in the Cochrane library; the Publication Committee increased the number of international journals with which publish Cochrane Corners; the Education Committee continued performing educational activities such as workshops in different meetings; the Methodology Committee performed the second Cochrane Rehabilitation Methodological Meeting and published many papers; the Communication Committee spread the rehabilitation evidence through different channels and translated the contents in different languages. The collaboration with several National and International Rehabilitation Scientific Societies, Universities, Hospitals, Research Centers and other organizations keeps on growing.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist*
Fulltext Dataset of reptiles in fragmented forests at Tasik Kenyir, Hulu Terengganu, Malaysia

Komaruddin SA, Mohamad NA, Fatihah-Syafiq M, Badli Sham BH, Mamat MA, Zakaria N

Data Brief, 2020 Feb;28:104994.
PMID: 32226800 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2019.104994

This data article is about reptiles (lizard, snake, and skink) captured from fragmented forest within man-made lake of Tasik Kenyir that is situated in Terengganu State, Peninsular Malaysia. Data collection was conducted in January 2019 and sampling methods included drift fenced-pitfall traps and Visual Encounter Survey (VES). All animals were identified, measured snout to vent (SVL) and weighted before their release at the site of capture. The highlights like conservation statuses in the wild, detection type and substrate type are presented with the data to increase its value. A total of 73 individuals from 18 species, 15 generas and seven families of reptiles were recorded. The data comprised of seven reptile family groups Agamidae, Gekkonidae, Scincidae, Colubridae, Elapidae, Viperidae and Homalopsidae. Reptiles like Cyrtodactylus quadrivirgattus (n = 33, 45.2%) and Aphaniotis fusca (n = 7, 9.6%) were most dominant in the checklist and most of the animals were captured using VES. Data of SVL and mass of the animals can be further interpreted by researchers to assess the health condition of animals in the altered habitats.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
Subjective depressive symptoms associated with pain in patients with major depressive disorder: Findings from the study on the aspect of Asian depression

Oon-Arom A, Likhitsathian S, Maneeton B, Sulaiman AH, Shih-Yen EC, Udomratn P, et al.

Perspect Psychiatr Care, 2020 Jan;56(1):188-193.
PMID: 31148197 DOI: 10.1111/ppc.12403

PURPOSE: To examine subjective depressive symptoms associated with physical pain symptoms (PPSs) in Asian patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).
DESIGN AND METHODS: Four PPSs, including headache, chest pain, low back pain, and muscle pain, and subjective depressive symptoms were assessed using the Symptom Checklist-90-Revised.
FINDINGS: Out of 528 participants, 390 (73.9%) had at least one PPS. After adjusting for sex, depression severity, disability, fatigue, physical health status, and mental health status, PPSs were found to be associated with crying easily, blaming oneself, feeling lonely, feeling blue, and worrying too much.
PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS: Almost three-quarters of Asian patients with MDD experience PPSs. PPSs are associated with some subjective feelings of depression.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
Fulltext A checklist of vascular plants and uses of some species for livelihood-making in Setiu Wetlands, Terengganu, Malaysia

Salim JM, Lee GE, Salam MR, Shahimi S, Pesiu E, Jani JM, et al.

PhytoKeys, 2020;160:7-43.
PMID: 32982549 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.160.52946

The Setiu Wetlands, a unique area with nine interconnected habitats, comprises a considerable fraction of the total Peninsular Malaysia's wetland flora. Although botanical collecting in the area has been active in the past 10 years, only a few studies dealing with the wetland flora have been published. Thus, a detailed checklist of this area is urgently needed to ensure the continuity of its inter-relating flora and fauna, as well as the livelihood of the local people. In this work we conducted a survey of the vascular plant flora of Setiu Wetlands and investigated the most important plants used by the local communities. Our checklist accounts for 406 taxa from 277 genera and 106 families, including 24 (6%) species of ferns and lycophytes, three gymnosperms, 257 (64%) dicotyledons and 122 (30%) monocotyledons. This comprehensive plant checklist will be a primary reference for the management of the newly gazetted Setiu Wetlands State Park covering more than 400 hectares of lands and water bodies.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
Fulltext Four new species of the genus Diduga Moore, [1887] (Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae) from China and Malaysia

Zhao TT, Han HL

Zookeys, 2020;985:127-141.
PMID: 33223877 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.985.54047

In this paper, four species of the genus Diduga Moore, [1887] from China (Chongqing and Guangdong) and Malaysia (Borneo, Sabah) are described as new to science, namely D. simianshanasp. nov., D. chebalingasp. nov., D. chewisp. nov., and D. hollowayisp. nov. Adults of these species are illustrated in color, and images of the male and female genitalia are provided. A distribution map of the new species is provided, together with an updated checklist of all species of Diduga.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
Checklist of vascular plants of Klang Gates Quartz Ridge, Malaysia, a 14-km long quartz dyke

Kiew R, Chung-Lu L

PhytoKeys, 2020;166:57-77.
PMID: 33199961 DOI: 10.3897/phytokeys.166.55778

The Klang Gates Quartz Ridge (KGQR) is proposed for protection as National Heritage and as a UNESCO World Heritage Site because of its spectacular size, exceptional beauty and significant biodiversity. The checklist of vascular plants documents 314 species that comprise a unique combination that grows on lowland quartz and that is distinct from the surrounding lowland equatorial rain forest by the absence of orchids, palms, gingers and tree canopy families. The Rubiaceae, Gramineae, Moraceae, Apocynaceae, Melastomataceae and Polypodiaceae are the most speciose families. The summit vegetation at 200-400 m elevation is dominated by Baeckea frutescens (Myrtaceae) and Rhodoleia championii (Hamamelidaceae) and shows similarities to the plant community on rocky mountain peaks above 1500 m. About 11% of its species are endemic in Peninsular Malaysia and four are endemic to KGQR: Aleisanthia rupestris (Rubiaceae), Codonoboea primulina (Gesneriaceae), Spermacoce pilulifera (Rubiaceae), and Ilex praetermissa (Aquifoliaceae). All four are provisionally assessed as Critically Endangered. Two, Eulalia milsumi (Gramineae) and Sonerila prostrata (Melastomataceae), are endemic to KGQR and a few neighbouring smaller quartz dykes. They are assessed as Endangered. The KGQR is a fragile habitat and conservation management is urgently required to halt the spread of the aggressive alien grass, Pennisetum polystachion and to prevent further habitat degradation from visitors. Based on KGQR being a threatened habitat, its biodiverse flora, and endangered species, it qualifies as an Important Plant Area.

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Fulltext Assessment of diabetic patient waiting time in a primary healthcare clinic

Mohd Shaiful Ehsan Shalihin, Iskandar Firzada Osman, Muhammad Hapizie Bin Din

IIUM Medical Journal Malaysia, 2020;19(2):41-48.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Long waiting time is a common issue complained by diabetic patients that came for an
early morning appointment in a health clinic. Therefore, an audit was conducted among diabetic patients in
a primary care clinic with the aim to assess the patients’ waiting time and to formulate strategies for
improvement. Methods: This audit was conducted for four weeks using a universal sampling method in
November 2017. All diabetic patients who attended the clinic during this period were included except those
who required longer period such as critically ill patients or those who came for repeat medication or
procedures. The arrival and departure time for each station was captured using the modified waiting time
slip, which is manually filled at every station. The waiting and consultation time for registration, screening,
laboratory investigation, diabetic educator, doctor and pharmacy were recorded. The data were entered into
the statistical software SPSS version 17 for analysis. Results: Results showed that all patients were registered
within 11.0 minutes (SD=2.52min). Average total waiting time to see a diabetic educator and a doctor was
20.9 minutes (SD=15.53min) and 33.23 minutes (SD=27.85min), respectively. Average waiting time for other
stations was less than 10 minutes. Average total time spend in the clinic for a diabetic patient was 107.58
minutes, which is comparable to a non-diabetic patient. The identified problems were due to the poor
tracing and filing system. Conclusion: Improvement strategies recommended include enforcing early file
tracing prior to appointment and providing a checklist for consultation by doctors and diabetic educators.

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Fulltext Reducing the failure rate of ocular prosthesis at Hospital Sultanah Aminah

Muhamad Imran Abdulah, Ikmal Abdul Hakim, Rosni Amin, Rosliza Parumo, Ma, Bee Chai, Noraziyah Abdul Aziz, et al.

Q Bulletin, 2020;1(29):16-27.
MyJurnal

The Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery at Hospital Sultanah Aminah, Johor Bahru started managing patients who lost their eyeballs with ocular prosthesis in 2013. Unfortunately, there was an increasing trend of failed ocular prosthesis from 2013-2015. The failure rate went from 28.6% in 2013 to 40% in 2014 and increased to 44.4% in 2015. Failed ocular prosthesis not only leads to dissatisfied patients but also an increase in cost due to redoing of prosthesis. The objective of this project was to reduce the incidence rate of failed ocular prosthesis. A failed case is when the prosthesis does not pass the issue stage and has to be redone from the beginning. The standard failure rate is 0%, as the average number of cases per year is only about 10 cases. We determined the contributing factors of failed ocular prosthesis by analysing retrospective data from patients’ dental and lab records. This was followed by a self-administered questionnaire on reasons for failed cases which was distributed among the dentists and lab technicians in our department. The contributing factors that were identified included insufficient knowledge or skill of dentist and lab technicians in the construction of the ocular prosthesis, as well as improper screening of new cases which was the main factor of all the failed cases. The strategies for change included improving the process of care by creating a checklist for proper screening of new patients, mentoring of new staff, and continuous training on construction of ocular prosthesis, Fabricated Iris Mould innovation technique and early referral for insertion of eye conformer. The interventions that were implemented reduced the failure rate to 20% in 2016 followed by 0% in 2017, 2018 and 2019. Ongoing efforts are being done to replicate this project in other Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery clinics in Johor.

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Availability, Utilization, and Health Providers' Attitudes Towards Safe Abortion Services in Public Health Facilities of a District in West Bengal, India

Pyne S, Ravindran TKS

Womens Health Rep (New Rochelle), 2020;1(1):80-88.
PMID: 33786477 DOI: 10.1089/whr.2019.0007

Background:
The provision of safe abortion services upholds the realization of justice in sexual and reproductive health. Many state-level studies in India have identified poor availability of abortion services in the public sector and negative attitudes toward abortion among health providers, as potential barriers to access.
Materials and Methods:
A cross-sectional study was done to document the availability and utilization of medical termination of pregnancy (MTP or abortion) services and to assess public sector health providers' attitudes towards safe abortion. It was carried out in a representative district of West Bengal, using a facility checklist and a validated attitude scale.
Results:
Only 11 of 42 public health facilities had both trained doctors and equipment to provide MTP services. Twelve facilities provided MTP services, of which only three urban-based secondary-level facilities provided second trimester MTPs. There were female providers in just 2 of the 12 MTP-providing facilities. Among the 64 health providers interviewed, 40% were trained to provide MTP. According to the attitude scale, 38% had a negative attitude toward the provision of safe abortion services. There was no statistically significant association between attitudes of health providers and provision of MTP. However, there appeared to be a subtle process of gatekeeping in operation, such as making MTP conditional on acceptance of contraception, requiring the husband's consent, and so on.
Conclusions:
The study shows the poor availability of abortion services in public sector facilities in a district of West Bengal, although all public health facilities from the primary health center level upwards are authorized to provide abortion services.

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Fulltext A Systematic Review on Clinimetric Properties of Play Instruments for Occupational Therapy Practice

Romli MH, Wan Yunus F

Occup Ther Int, 2020;2020:2490519.
PMID: 32821250 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2490519

Play is considered the main occupation for children. Pediatric occupational therapists utilize play either for evaluation or intervention purpose. However, play is not properly measured by occupational therapists, and the use of play instrument is limited. This systematic review was aimed at identifying play instruments relevant to occupational therapy practice and its clinimetric properties. A systematic search was conducted on six databases (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL, MEDLINE, Psychology and Behavioral Science Collection, Scopus, and ASEAN Citation Index) in January 2020. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using Law and MacDermid's Appraisal for Clinical Measurement Research Reports, and psychometric properties of play instruments were evaluated using Terwee's checklist while the clinical utility is extracted from each instrument. Initial search identifies 1,098 articles, and only 30 articles were included in the final analysis, extracting 8 play instruments. These instruments were predominantly practiced in the Western culture, which consists of several psychometric evidences. The Revised Knox Preschool Play Scale is considered the most extensive and comprehensive play instrument for extrinsic aspect, whereas the Test of Playfulness + Test of Environmental Supportiveness Unifying Measure is a promising play instrument for intrinsic aspect on play, where both instruments utilize observation. My Child's Play is a potential questionnaire-based play instrument. However, the current development of play instruments in the occupational therapy field is immature and constantly evolving, and occupational therapists should exercise good clinical reasoning when selecting a play instrument to use in practice.

Matched MeSH terms: Checklist
Validity and reliability of the Patient Assessment on Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) questionnaire among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Malaysia: English version

Azam AF, Lai P, Abdullah A, Haidi Hanafi NS

Malays Fam Physician, 2020;15(2):10-18.
PMID: 32843940

Introduction: The Patient Assessment on Chronic Illness Care (PACIC) was developed to assess patients' perspectives on the alignment of primary care to the chronic care model. The Malay PACIC has been validated; however, Malaysia is a multicultural society, and English is spoken by many Malaysians and expatriates. We sought to validate the English version of the PACIC among patients with diabetes mellitus in Malaysia, as Malaysians may interpret a questionnaire that was originally developed for Americans in a different way.
Method: This study was conducted between November and December 2016 at two primary care clinics that offered integrated diabetes care at the time. These sites were selected to assess the discriminative validity of the PACIC. Site 1 is a Malaysian Ministry of Health-run primary care clinic while site 2 is a university-run hospital-based primary care clinic. Only site 1 annually monitors patient performance and encourages them to achieve their HbA1c targets using a standard checklist. Patients with diabetes mellitus who understood English were recruited. Participants were asked to fill out the PACIC at baseline and two weeks later.
Results: A total of 200 out of the 212 invited agreed to participate (response rate=94.3%). Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the 5-factor structure of the PACIC. The overall PACIC score and the score in two of the five domains were significantly higher at site 1 than at site 2. The overall Cronbach's alpha was 0.924. At test-retest, intra-class correlation coefficient values ranged from 0.641 to 0.882.
Conclusion: The English version of the PACIC was found to be a valid and reliable instrument to assess the quality of care among patients with diabetes mellitus in Malaysia.

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Fulltext Peripheral intravenous canula (PIVC) assessment skills among pediatric nurses: audit-based approach study

Deena C T, Li Tsu Chong, Drina Dalie, Rose A Nain, Renie M Joanes, CheristyTumbil

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):4-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Peripheral Intravenous Cannula (PIVC) placement can cause undesirable effects, such as phlebitis. Poor PIVC care can irritate tunica intima layers of the superficial vein. The incidence of phlebitis had become a national nursing indicator, with a standard of less than 0.9%. The standard care of the patient with intravenous in- cludes a routine PIVC assessment. However, what the assessment should be based on remained unclear. The objec- tive of this study is to assess nurses’ skill in performing PIVC assessment. Methods: This is a descriptive study using an audit-based approach. It is conducted in a pediatric hospital. Nine pediatric wards were identified via stratified sampling methods. A total of 86 registered nurses consented to participate in this study. A validated research instru- ments (α = 0.83), PIVC Assessment Skill (PIVC-AS) checklist is used to audit nurses in performing PIVC assessment. PIVC-AS consists of nine audit criteria (AC), AC1: communication skill, AC2 until AC7: PIVC assessment skill, AC8: documentation skill and AC9: PIVC management. Results: Nurses communication skills to patient as in AC1 shows compliance rate of seventy six percent. The compliance rate can be explained that this study was done in the pedi- atric setting. Participants may skip this communication due to handling with a pediatric patient. More than eighty eight percent nurses comply with AC2 to AC6 which indicated their excellent skill in performing PIVC assessment every shift. However, in the AC7, only sixty seven percent comply to palpate PIVC area for any evidence of venous cord and warmth. Conclusion: This study concludes that communication between nurses and pediatric patients prior to PIVC assessment often missed out by nurses. The palpation techniques also not been carried out as compared to observation technique in pediatrics setting. Palpation technique is crucial to detect ‘warmth to touch’ because it differentiates between the early and medium stage of phlebitis.

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