MyMedR

Fulltext Fibreoptic bronchoscopy--a Malaysian experience

Yaacob I, Harun Z, Ahmad Z

Singapore Med J, 1991 Feb;32(1):26-8.

PMID: 2017700

Two hundred and ninety-three bronchoscopies were done for 285 patients (78% males, 22% females) at Hospital University Sains Malaysia between 1984 and 1988. The mean age was 56.4 years (range 13 to 90 years). 70.2% of patients underwent bronchoscopies to confirm or exclude the diagnosis of carcinoma of the bronchus, out of which 58% were confirmed to have bronchial carcinoma. 77% of the 98 patients with visible endobronchial tumours had biopsy specimens diagnostic of malignancy. Brushing and washing cytology increased the positive yield to 92%. The commonest histological type of bronchial carcinoma identified was squamous cell carcinoma (48.1%), followed by small cell carcinoma (27.1%), anaplastic/undifferentiated carcinoma (12.9%), adenocarcinoma (9.4%) and large cell carcinoma (2.4%). Bronchoscopy for the investigation of haemoptysis identified the commonest cause as 'bronchitis'. There were no complications noted in our series. Notable differences of our experience compared to that of the western series were the high percentage of bronchoscopy done for infective respiratory disorders and the younger age of our patients.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis

Fulltext Post-hysterectomy choriocarcinoma with pulmonary and renal metastases

Thanikasalam K

Med J Malaysia, 1991 Jun;46(2):187-91.

PMID: 1839425

The propensity of choriocarcinoma to metastasize to lungs, liver and brain is well known. Though theoretically metastases are possible to anywhere in the body, renal metastases are rare. A 56 year old Malay woman who had total abdominal hysterectomy in 1985 for molar pregnancy presented with haemoptysis and dyspnea in 1990. Examination showed she had choriocarcinoma with pulmonary and renal metastases.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/secondary

Evaluation of pre- and post-bronchoscopic sputa, bronchial washings and bronchial brushings in the diagnosisof lung cancer

Pillay B, Aziah AM, Intan A

Family Physician, 1991;3:25-27.

86 patients suspected of primary lung cancer, referred to the National Tuberculosis Centre for fibreoptic bronchoscopy, were selected for this study to determine the relative value of the various types of respiratory cytology material in establishing a diagnosis and to identify the factors which influence the exfoliation of malignant cells. Prebronchoscopic sputa and bronchial bnishings were found to yield diagnostic cells most frequently. Hilar tumours arising from large bronchi, squamous and small cell anaplastic types were found to exfoliate cells most frequently. The study highlights the effectiveness of cytologic methods in the diagnosis of bronchogenic carcinoma. Cytologic evaluation may be the only method of confirming the diagnosis whcn biopsy is contraindicated. In the investigation of a patient thought to have lung carcinoma, good "deep cough-up" sputa shuld be first examined to prove a diagnosis before subjecting him or her to procedure like bronchoscopy.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Fulltext Combination chemotherapy for small cell lung cancer

Sufarlan AW, Zainudin BM

Med J Malaysia, 1993 Jun;48(2):166-70.

PMID: 8394502

Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) disseminates early and has poor prognosis. However, SCLC is highly chemosensitive, thus chemotherapy has been established as the primary mode of treatment. Seventeen patients (15 males and 2 females) with median age of 60 years (range 49 to 74 years) were treated with combination cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2, adriamycin 40 mg/m2, vincristine 1.4 mg/m2 on day 1 and etoposide (VP 16) 75 mg/m2 on days 1 to 3 (CAVE). This combination was given in 6 courses at 3 weekly intervals. The response to the chemotherapy and the quality of life of patients was assessed at the third cycle and after the completion of therapy (sixth cycle). The overall response rate was 76.4%; 52.9% achieved complete response and 23.5% had partial response. The survival rate at 6 months was 70.8% and 4 patients (23.5%) were still alive after 1 year of chemotherapy. The median survival after therapy was 36 weeks. There was a 30% overall improvement in the Karnofsky performance score at the completion of chemotherapy. This study illustrated that the CAVE regimen is effective and beneficial in the majority of our patients with small cell lung cancer.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/drug therapy*; Lung Neoplasms/mortality

Squamous cell carcinoma antigen as an adjunct tumour marker in primary carcinoma of the lung

Cheah PL, Liam CK, Yap SF, Looi LM

J Clin Pathol, 1994 Jun;47(6):535-7.

PMID: 8063936

AIMS: To determine (1) the detection rate of primary carcinoma of the lung by serological assay of CEA (carcinoembryonic antigen); and (2) whether addition of seroassay of squamous cell carcinoma related antigen before treatment improves detection sensitivity.

METHODS: A prospective study spanning 27 months was conducted at the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur. Serum CEA (Abbott IMx) and serum squamous cell carcinoma antigen (Abbott IMx) from patients clinically suspected of having primary carcinoma of the lung, were assayed using the microparticle enzyme immunoassay method.

RESULTS: Thirty seven cases of histologically confirmed primary lung carcinoma were studied. Of these, 17 were squamous cell carcinomas, 10 adenocarcinomas, nine small cell carcinomas, and one large cell carcinoma. The patients' ages ranged from 34-82 years. The male:female ratio was 3.6:1. Squamous cell carcinoma antigen was raised above the cutoff value of 1.5 ng/ml in 94.1% of squamous cell carcinomas, 20.0% of adenocarcinomas, and 11.1% of small cell carcinomas. By comparison, CEA was raised above the cutoff value of 3.0 ng/ml in 70.6% of squamous cell carcinomas, 77.8% of small cell carcinomas, and 100% of adenocarcinomas. CEA and squamous cell carcinoma antigen were not raised in the patient with large cell carcinoma and in 14 healthy volunteers. None of 15 patients with a variety of benign lung diseases showed a rise of CEA, while two patients--a 25 year old Indian woman with pneumonia and a 64 year old Malay man with bronchial asthma--had raised squamous cell carcinoma antigen values above the cutoff. Serum CEA and squamous cell carcinoma antigen values did not seem to correlate with stage or degree of differentiation of the tumours.

CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest that CEA is a good general marker for carcinoma, particularly adenocarcinoma. In contrast, squamous cell carcinoma antigen is more specific for squamous carcinoma.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis; Lung Neoplasms/immunology*

Fulltext Sclerosing haemangioma of the lung

Liam CK, Wong KT

Singapore Med J, 1995 Jun;36(3):333-4.

PMID: 8553108

An asymptomatic middle-aged women was investigated for a lung nodule detected on routine chest X-ray. Percutaneous needle biopsy revealed it to be a sclerosing haemangioma which was subsequently removed by a left lower lobectomy. The literature on this uncommon benign lesion is reviewed.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/pathology; Lung Neoplasms/radiography*; Lung Neoplasms/surgery

Fulltext Clubbing of the fingers in patients with primary lung cancer

Liam CK

Med J Malaysia, 1997 Jun;52(2):186-7.

PMID: 10968082

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/complications*

Causes of pleural exudates in a region with a high incidence of tuberculosis

Liam CK, Lim KH, Wong CM

Respirology, 2000 Mar;5(1):33-8.

PMID: 10728729

To define the causes of exudative pleural effusions in our region.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/complications

Lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years in a multiracial Asian country

Liam CK, Lim KH, Wong CM

Respirology, 2000 Dec;5(4):355-61.

PMID: 11192546

This study aimed to determine whether the clinicopathological features of lung cancer in patients younger than 40 years differ from that of older patients in an Asian country.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/ethnology*; Lung Neoplasms/etiology; Lung Neoplasms/pathology; Lung Neoplasms/therapy

Loss of weight in a female heavy smoker with diffuse interstitial pulmonary fibrosis

Al-Adsani A, Dahniya MH, Al-Adsani N

Postgrad Med J, 2001 Feb;77(904):127, 137-8.

PMID: 11161092

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/etiology*

The anti-idiotype vaccines for immunotherapy

Bhattacharya-Chatterjee M, Chatterjee SK, Foon KA

Curr. Opin. Mol. Ther., 2001 Feb;3(1):63-9.

PMID: 11249733

Certain anti-idiotypic antibodies that bind to the antigen-combining sites of antibodies can effectively mimic the three-dimensional structures and functions of the external antigens and can be used as surrogate antigens for active specific immunotherapy. Extensive studies in animal models have demonstrated the efficacy of these vaccines for triggering the immune system to induce specific and protective immunity against bacterial, viral and parasitic infections as well as tumors. Several monoclonal anti-idiotype antibodies that mimic distinct human tumor-associated antigens have been developed and characterized. Encouraging results have been obtained in recent clinical trials using these anti-idiotype antibodies as vaccines. In this article, we will review the current literature and discuss the potential of this novel therapeutic approach for various human cancers.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/therapy

Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy: an unusual manifestation in nasopharyngeal cancer

Biswal BM, Kareem A, Ahmed NM

Australas Radiol, 2001 Feb;45(1):71-3.

PMID: 11259979 DOI: 10.1046/j.1440-1673.2001.00883.x

A patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma developed clubbing and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy 6 months before radiological detection of secondary deposits in the lung. Another patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma developed digital clubbing and hypertrophic osteoarthropathy 6 months after the discovery of lung metastases. Development of a paraneoplastic syndrome in the form of hypertrophic osteoarthropathy and digital clubbing is very rare. This manifestation of nasopharyngeal cancers is presented, with a short review of its biology and pathogenesis.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/secondary

Fulltext Recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of lung cancer

Liam CK, Lim KH, Wong MM

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Dec;56(4):514-31; quiz 532.

PMID: 12014776

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Lung Neoplasms/therapy*

Cisplatin and vinorelbine in the treatment of locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer

Wong CMM, Lim KH, Liam CK

JUMMEC, 2001;6:20-23.

From August 1999 to January 2001, twelve chemotherapy naive patients with locally advanced and metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) in our hospital received vinorelbine and cisplatin. Ten patients had stage IV disease while two had stage HI disease. Patients' performance status (PS) were as follows: four had PS 1, six had PS 2, and one each PS 3 and 4. A total of 46 cycles were given as scheduled. Only major haematological toxicities were noted; one patient each with Grade 3 anaemia, Grade 3 and Grade 4 leucopenia, two had Grade 3 neutropenia and 5 had Grade 4 neutropenia without associated mortality. Three patients had Grade 3 alopecia and one had Grade 3 phlebitis. After three cycles, three patients demonstrated partial response and two had stable disease. For the four patients who completed 6 cycles, two demonstrated stable disease and two partial response. Symptom improvement was reported in all but one patient. Performance status was better in four, stable in six but declined in two patients. In conclusion, in patients with locally advanced and metastatic NSCLC, vinorelbine/cisplatin is a well-tolerated and active regimen, offering symptom palliation and improved performance status in a significant proportion of patients. KEYWORDS; Vinorelbine, lung cancer, chemotherapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms

Non-small cell lung cancer in very young and very old Malaysian patients

Liam CK, Lim KH, Wong CM

Chest, 2002 Jan;121(1):309-10.

PMID: 11796481

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/epidemiology*; Lung Neoplasms/pathology

Fulltext Multiple bilateral cannon-ball lung metastases from carcinoma of the prostate: orchiedectomy induced remission

Nabi G, Sadiq M

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Mar;57(1):111-3.

PMID: 14569728

A 56-year-old man presented with lower urinary tract obstructive symptoms, hemoptysis and progressive dyspnoea. Digital rectal examination showed an enlarged nodular prostate and a tru-cut biopsy confirmed carcinoma prostate. Chest x-ray showed multiple bilateral cannon ball opacities suggestive of metastases. He underwent bilateral orchidectomy and follow up assessment showed significant clearing of the cannon-ball lesions in the lungs. He remained asymptomatic at follow up that has extended to 8 years.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/radiography; Lung Neoplasms/secondary*; Lung Neoplasms/surgery*

Fulltext Diffuse neonatal haemangiomatosis: a rare cause of haemorrhagic shock and refractory coagulopathy in the newborn

Rohana J, Boo NY, Hayati AR, Baizura J

Med J Malaysia, 2002 Sep;57(3):364-7.

PMID: 12440278

A term newborn infant developed hypovolaemic shock shortly after birth. She was pale with gross hepatomegaly. She required multiple boluses of intravenous fluids, blood products as well as inotropic support. Blood investigations showed persistent thrombocytopenia, anaemia and disseminated intravascular coagulopathy (DIC). She also developed heart failure. She finally succumbed on the eleventh day of life. Autopsy revealed haemangiomatosis involving the liver, lungs, gastrointestinal tract, kidneys and adrenals.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/complications*; Lung Neoplasms/congenital*

Giant cell tumour of bone with late presentation: review of treatment and outcome

Ng ES, Saw A, Sengupta S, Nazarina AR, Path M

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2002 Dec;10(2):120-8.

PMID: 12493923

To review cases of giant cell tumour of bone or osteoclastoma managed at the University Malaya Medical Center, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, from January 1990 to December 1999.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/secondary

Fulltext Large adrenocortical carcinoma extending into the inferior vena cava and right atrium

Hisham AN, Sarojah A, Zanariah H

Asian J Surg, 2003 Jan;26(1):40-2.

PMID: 12527494

A case of large adrenocortical carcinoma extending into the inferior vena cava and right atrium is reported. Computed tomography showed a large mass displacing the left kidney inferiorly with an intravascular tumour thrombus extending into the inferior vena cava and right atrium. Radical surgery under hypothermia and cardiopulmonary bypass was performed and the tumour mass, together with the tumour thrombus, was successfully removed. The presence of intravascular tumour extension alone should not be a contraindication to radical surgical therapy, as it is the best hope for prolonged survival.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/secondary

The causes of haemoptysis in malaysian patients aged over 60 and the diagnostic yield of different investigations

Wong CM, Lim KH, Liam CK

Respirology, 2003 Mar;8(1):65-8.

PMID: 12856744

OBJECTIVE: In southeast Asia, pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is the most frequently presumed diagnosis for haemoptysis. This study was designed to assess the causes of haemoptysis, the diagnostic yield of causes in different diagnostic modalities and the distribution of older patients.

METHODS: All patients presenting to the University of Malaya Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia with haemoptysis were recruited prospectively and evaluated.

RESULTS: One hundred and sixty patients were evaluated for haemoptysis; 71 (44.4%) were aged 60 years or more. Significantly more patients smoked in the older age group (P = 0.002). The main causes of haemoptysis in the older patients were bronchogenic carcinoma (49.3%), pneumonia (11.3%), bronchiectasis (8.6%), cryptogenic (5.6%) and active TB (4.2%). Significantly more older patients had carcinoma (P < 0.001), while the younger patients more often had TB (P < 0.001). Chest pain was significantly more common in the older patients (P = 0.025), particularly in patients with carcinoma. Bronchoscopy alone or combined with CT of the thorax was significantly more diagnostic in the older patient (P = 0.006).

CONCLUSION: Bronchogenic carcinoma is the commonest cause of haemoptysis in patients aged 60 years and above. Presumptive anti-TB therapy should not be encouraged despite the regional high prevalence of TB.

Matched MeSH terms: Lung Neoplasms/complications; Lung Neoplasms/diagnosis

Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 309 in total