Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 433 in total

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  1. Evaluation and validation of a measure profiling needs and problems of psychiatric patients in the community: a Malaysian study
    Cheah YC, Parker G, Roy K
    Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol, 2000 Apr;35(4):170-6.
    PMID: 10868082
    The Profile of Community Psychiatry Clients (PCPC) was developed in a Sydney-based sample of those with a mental illness as a 35-item measure of likely need for service recognition, review and possible assistance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Community Mental Health Services/standards*; Community Mental Health Services/supply & distribution*
  2. The psychological effects of treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms
    Quek KF, Low WY, Razack AH, Loh CS
    BJU Int, 2000 Oct;86(6):630-3.
    PMID: 11069367
    OBJECTIVE: To assess and evaluate the level of depression, anxiety and psychiatric status in patients with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) before and after treatment by surgery or drugs.

    PATIENTS AND METHODS: The study included 123 patients (mean age 64.6 years, SD 7. 95) with LUTS who were treated medically (with alpha-blockers, i.e. terazosin, prazosin, doxazosin and alfuzosin), and 52 patients (mean age 69.6 years, SD 7.94) with LUTS and confirmed to have benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). Both groups were assessed at baseline and 3 months after treatment using standardized questionnaires (the Beck Depression Inventory, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and the General Health Questionnaire-12).

    RESULTS: Patients before TURP were significantly more depressed, worried and psychiatrically morbid than were those before medical treatment. Three months after medical and surgical treatment, there was significantly less depression, anxiety and psychiatric morbidity in the TURP than in the medication group.

    CONCLUSIONS: TURP is a better treatment than medication for minimising anxiety, depression and psychiatric morbidity after treatment in patients with LUTS, but causes greater psychological stress before treatment.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  3. Mental health in Asia: social improvements and challenges
    Tseng WS, Ebata K, Kim KI, Krahl W, Kua EH, Lu Q, et al.
    Int J Soc Psychiatry, 2001;47(1):8-23.
    PMID: 11322408
    Remarkable improvements in economic conditions and a considerable upgrade in the quality of life have been observed in many parts of Asia during the past several decades. At the same time, many mental health challenges face the people of Asia. Various social mental health indexes are reviewed here, with available data from China, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Malaysia, and other Asian societies. The data are compared with data from the United States, Australia in the Pacific Rim, and some other Western countries to examine patterns of similarity or difference between East and West in the process of modernization. Common trends in mental health issues associated with rapid sociocultural change observed in different Asian societies are discussed, as well as the relative shortage of mental health personnel available in many Asian societies. It is emphasized that, in addition to expanding psychiatric services, there is an even more urgent need to promote mental health knowledge and concern through education in the general population. Mental health needs to be cultivated and maintained by social forces and cultural strengths. It is stressed that there is a challenge for Asian people to advance mental health beyond economic development in the 21st century.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health Services/organization & administration*; Mental Health Services/standards; Mental Health Services/trends
  4. Fulltext The importance of exercise as a therapeutic agent
    Singh R
    Malays J Med Sci, 2002 Jul;9(2):7-16.
    PMID: 22844219 MyJurnal
    Adaptations in the structural and/or functional properties of cells, tissues and organ systems in the human body occurs when exposed to various stimuli. While there is unanimous agreement that regular physical activity is essential for optimal function of the human body, it is evident that extrinsic factors, such as diet, smoking, exercise habits, are reflected in the morbidity and mortality statistics of the population. Ageing is obligatorily associated with reduced maximal aerobic power and reduced muscle strength, i.e. with reduced physical fitness. As a consequence of diminished exercise tolerance, a large and increasing number of the aged population will be living below, at or just above 'threshold' of physical ability, needing only a minor illness to render them completely dependent. Physical training can readily produce a profound improvement of functions essential for physical fitness in old age. Adaptation to regular physical activity causes less disruption of the cells' internal environment and minimises fatigue which enhances performances and the economy of energy output during daily physical activity. Regular physical exercise reduces the risk of premature mortality in general, and of coronary heart disease, hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Physical activity also improves mental health and is important for health and optimal function of muscles, bones and joints. The most recent recommendations advice the people of all ages to include a minimum of 30 minutes of physical activity of moderate intensity, such as brisk walking, on most, if not all, days of the week.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  5. The growing importance of mental health: are medical curricula responding?
    Azhar MZ
    Med J Malaysia, 2002 Dec;57 Suppl E:34-6.
    PMID: 12733191
    Mental health is becoming an important issue. Several local and international studies have proven that the incidence of mental illness is on the rise. Doctors have also been able to make more accurate diagnoses and treat mental disorders more reliably with the aid of recent research and newer drugs. As such it is necessary for the medical curricula to respond to this shift. Medical students must now be exposed to new psychiatric disorders and ways of managing them. The time spent in psychiatry and the mode of teaching must also be revised and modified to the current needs of patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health*
  6. Quality of life of community-based chronic schizophrenia patients in Penang, Malaysia
    Mubarak AR, Baba I, Chin LH, Hoe QS
    Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 2003 Oct;37(5):577-85.
    PMID: 14511086
    This is a study of the quality of life (QOL) of 174 community-based chronic schizophrenia patients in Penang, Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Community Mental Health Services*
  7. Malaysia's social policies on mental health: a critical theory
    Mubarak AR
    J Health Soc Policy, 2003;17(1):55-72.
    PMID: 14620736
    This article aims to review the social policies on mental health and mental illness in Malaysia. Using critical theory, major policy issues pertaining to mental health and mental illness such as mental health legislation, prevalence rates and quality of services available to the people with mental health problems are discussed in detail. Implications of these issues on persons with mental health problems are critically evaluated. The paper highlights that the other countries in ASEAN region also require similar review by policy literature.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health Services/economics*; Mental Health Services/standards
  8. Geriatric mental and physical health as a predictor of caregivers' mental health
    Hanizam AG, Teoh HJ
    Family Physician, 2003;12:41-46.
    Caring for an elderly person is not an easy job and it requires understanding, patience, tolerance, full attention and dedication on the part of the caregiver. The effects on the caregiver in terms of his mental, emotional, physical and financial aspects are tremendous. Due to all these stresses, the caregiver's mental health would possibly be affected. This study explored the relationship between the mental and physical health of the elderly person and the caregiver, in forty-three elderly persons and their caregivers. Analyses of the results indicated that the caregivers' burden was related to their mental health status. In addition, the elderly persons' depressive symptoms, memory and behavior problems were the two main causes of these caregivers' burden.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  9. Fulltext Physical and mental health problems of the elderly in a rural community of Sepang, Selangor
    Mohd Sidik S, Rampal L, Afifi M
    Malays J Med Sci, 2004 Jan;11(1):52-9.
    PMID: 22977360 MyJurnal
    The prevalence of aging population is increasing not only in developed countries, but also in developing countries like Malaysia. The aim of this study was: (1) to determine the prevalence of physical and mental health problems, and (2) to determine the association of these health problems with socio demographic factors among the elderly in a rural community in Sepang, Selangor. A cross sectional study design was used. Five out of nine villages were selected via random sampling. The elderly in the selected villages were interviewed using a pre-tested structured questionnaire which included the GDS-30, ECAQ and Barthel Index. Out of 263 elderly residents (6.2% of the total population), 223 agreed to participate in the study giving a response rate of 84.8%. The mean age of the respondents was 69.7 + 6.8 years with a median of 68 years. The prevalence of physical health problems such as chronic illness and functional dependence were 60.1% and 15.7%, respectively. While the prevalence of mental health problems such as depression and cognitive impairment were 7.6% and 22.4%, respectively. Among the health problems studied, depression was found to be significantly associated with unemployment (p<0.05), where as cognitive impairment was significantly associated with age, gender, ethnicity, marital status and level of education (p<0.05).
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  10. Fulltext Adolescent health services: do they address the needs of the adolescents - an experience in Barat Daya, Penang
    Saraswathi, B.R.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2004;4(1):59-65.
    MyJurnal
    A cross sectional study was carried amongst adolescent school children in Barat Daya, in 2000. This was to determine the characteristic features of adolescents in the district and to look into their sexual activities, substance use and psychosocial problems with the aim to plan an appropriate adolescent health program. Some 400 students from Form 2 and Form 4 were selected by purposive stratifed and systematic sampling. The study was carried out by trained nurses with an interview using a structured questionnaire. The majority of the respondents were Malays (78.8%) with a household income of less than RM2, 000.00 per if month. Family relations and parental influence were found to be strong. Mental health characteristics scored negatively significantly in this study and those particularly at risk were those who performed poorly in schools. Most claimed not to be involved in high risk behaviour though they knew of friends who did so. Adolescent health services in the district should take an integrated approach with other stakeholders. Health information should be easily available and focus should be given to poor achievers in school.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  11. Fulltext Health related outcomes of tsunami victims residing in the coastal areas of the northeast district of Penang, Malaysia
    Hidayah, N.P., Normah, C.D., Lee, L.K., Phua, K.L.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2005;5(2):15-18.
    MyJurnal
    A cross»sectional study was undertaken between April 2005 to _1 uly 2005 to determine the extent of the health problems experienced by individuals involved in the December 2004 tsunami wave disaster in the Northeast District of Penang, Malaysia. The overall health status of the respondents were evaluated using the Short Form 36 (SF-36) questionnaire. Out of 171 respondents, 160(93 .6%) were Malays, 8(4.7%) were Chinese and 3(1.8%) were Indians. The mean age ofrespondents was 45.4 years, 15.9 years. Ninety-four of the respondents were males (55.0%) while 7 7(45.0%) were females. The overall mean physical component score was significantly lower (66.9:23 .O) amongst respondents with low education level compared with those with high education level (76.3:19.1, p=0.004). This mean score was also significantly much lower ( 68.7:22 .3) amongst those who are married compared to those who were not married (79.8:1 7.4, p=0.003) . The overall mental health score was significantly much higher (78.8:14.6) amongst those who were not married compared to those who were married (68.5:19.2, p=0.001). The overall mental health score was also significantly higher amongst those in the younger age»group (62.3:16.1) compared to those in the older age»group (72.4:18.9, p=0.005). Based on the scores obtained on the Physical Health and Mental Health dimensions of the SF-36 questionnaire, it can be concluded that the health of victims with low education, elderly and those who were married were more adversely affected than others. Therefore, it is vital that medical as well as psychological attention should be channeled to these risk groups who responded more adversely to disasters.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  12. Quality of life in children with acute leukaemias: preliminary study using SF36 questionnaires
    Zahilah, Z., Fadzil, A., Jamal, R.
    Malaysian Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2005;14(1):41-50.
    MyJurnal
    Life (QOL) of patients with childhood leukaemias presenting at the Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM). The objectives of this pilot study were 1) To assess the feasibility and applicability of assessing quality of life in leukaemia patients using the adult-based SF-36 questionnaire. 2) To compare the differences of QOL scores among patients based on gender and treatment status. The Short-Form-36 Health Survey (SF36) was used. The items in SF-36 were drawn from the original 245-item MOS questionnaire, which includes multi-item scales that measured the eight dimensions of quality of life namely physical function, role limitations (physical problems), bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations (emotional problems) and mental health. Patients with acute leukaemias were chosen to participate in the study. Twenty-eight patients were recruited, twelve were males and 16 were females. Ten patients had completed therapy whilst 18 others were still undergoing treatment. The results showed that those patients off treatment have a better quality of life than those on chemotherapy. However, this was only significant with respect to the role limitation pertaining to physical problems. Although the use of the SF-36 was feasible, there were limitations especially in the younger age group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  13. Malaysian society and health: issues and challenges in the 21st century
    Wong YL, Mohd Amin J
    JUMMEC, 2005;8:53-58.
    Malaysia, like many aspiring developing countries, is undergoing a health transition that has seen the concomitant decrease in communicable diseases and increase in chronic diseases due to urbanization, modernization and ageing population. Health in the Malaysian society will thus increasingly focus on emerging problems that are both chronic and infectious in nature, such as, heart disease, diabetes, cancer, mental health, hepatitis and HIV/AIDS. Re-emerging diseases previously well-controlled, such as, tuberculosis for instance is another addition to these immediate health issues facing Malaysian society today. Despite the tremendous health gains and above average health status that Malaysians now enjoy, we are compelled to take stock of these urgent issues as well as to anticipate and handle serious challenges to our health in the 21st century. In this paper, we review the changing trends and discuss related challenges in disease pattern, environmental health, demographic impacts on health, migration influxes and health, effects of globalization on health, mental health and wellness as well as fundamental access and equality in health care. Being proactive, resilient and innovative, Malaysian society would forge ahead towards our Vision for Health in this new era. KEYWORDS: Society and health, health trends and issues, Vision for Health, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Environmental Health; Mental Health
  14. The Clinical Interview Schedule-Revised (CIS-R)-Malay Version, Clinical Validation
    Subramaniam K, Krishnaswamy S, Jemain AA, Hamid A, Patel V
    Malays J Med Sci, 2006 Jan;13(1):58-62.
    PMID: 22589592
    Use of instruments or questionnaires in different cultural settings without proper validation can result in inaccurate results. Issues like reliability, validity, feasibility and acceptability should be considered in the use of an instrument. The study aims to determine the usefulness of the CIS-R Malay version in detecting common mental health problems specifically to establish the validity. The CIS-R instrument (PROQSY* format) was translated through the back translation process into Malay. Inter rater reliability was established for raters who were medical students. Cases and controls for the study were psychiatric in patients, out patient and relatives or friends accompanying the patients to the clinic or visiting the inpatients. The Malay version of CIS-R was administered to all cases and controls. All cases and controls involved in the study were rated by psychiatrists for psychiatric morbidity using the SCID as a guideline. Specificity and sensitivity of the CIS-R to the assessment by the psychiatrist were determined. The Malay version of CIS-R showed 100% sensitivity and 96.15% specificity at a cut off score of 9. The CIS-R can be a useful instrument for clinical and research use in the Malaysian population for diagnosing common mental disorders like depression and anxiety.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  15. New challenges and opportunities in managing substance abuse in Malaysia
    Mazlan M, Schottenfeld RS, Chawarski MC
    Drug Alcohol Rev, 2006 Sep;25(5):473-8.
    PMID: 16939945
    Until recently, Malaysia has lagged behind in the treatment of drug addiction and related disorders, despite experiencing severe drug problems. By the end of 2004, 234,000 heroin users or heroin-dependent individuals had been registered in the official government registry, but other estimates exceed 500,000 for heroin abusers in the country. Amphetamine-type stimulant abuse is also increasing and of considerable public and government concern. Among the population of drug users, HIV and other infectious diseases rates are very high. In the Western Pacific regions, Malaysia has the second highest HIV prevalence (after Vietnam) among adult populations (0.62%) and the highest proportion of HIV cases resulting from injection drug use (76.3%). Drug use and related disorders exert a heavy burden on the country's health care and legal systems. Historically, drug abusers were rehabilitated involuntarily in correctional, rather than health-care, facilities. This primarily criminal treatment approach had limited effectiveness which led to widespread public dissatisfaction and the recent introduction of medical treatments for addiction. Naltrexone was introduced in 1999; buprenorphine was introduced in 2001 and methadone in 2003. Agonist maintenance programmes were embraced rapidly by the medical community in Malaysia. Currently, over 30,000 opiate-dependent patients are treated with agonist maintenance treatments by more than 500 medical practitioners in Malaysia. Despite these recent advances, treatments for amphetamine-type stimulant abuse or dependence are underdeveloped, and diversion of agonist medications is an emerging concern.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health Services/organization & administration*
  16. Fulltext Relationship betvveen nature of work and psychosocial problems among nurses working in Hospital Selayang, Selangor
    Fauziah N, Quek KF, Agus Salim MB
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2006;6(2):56-61.
    MyJurnal
    Recent years have witnessed unprecedented changes in the design and demands of work, and the emergence of job stress as a major concern. The aim of the study was to determine the psychosocial problems in relation to nature of work among female nurses at Hospital Selayang. The study was a cross-sectional study and the study population comprised of female nurses who are currently working at Hospital Selayang. A total of 393 study subjects were randomly selected and each respondent has been given a set of complete validated self-administrated Copenhagen Psychosocial Questionnaire. The result showed that the prevalence of having psychosocial problems was 24.9%. It is show that married nurses with more than three children has 3.54 (95%CI: 1.81-6.94) higher risks to have the problems compared to those with 3 or less children. Shiftwork nurses have 1.74 (95%CI: 1.01-2.99) more risk to have psychosocial problems compared to those who are not doing shiftwork. From the crude odds ratio, nurses who have served the service for more than seven years, there was 1.53 times more risk (95%CI: 0.89-2.63) to have psychosocial problems compared to those who only have service of seven years or less. From multivariate analysis, the risk of having psychosocial problems among nurses who are doing shiftwork found to be two times greater than those who are not doing shiftwork (OR=2.15; 95%CI: 1.12- 4.11) . Psychosocial problems in relation to nature of work among nurses at Hospital Selayang are higher among nurses who are doing shdtwork. The hospital management needs to overcome the problems and organizing the mental health programs among workers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  17. Fulltext Impacts of gender bias
    Khalib, A.L., Suriyati, A.A.
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2007;13(1):1-10.
    MyJurnal
    Gender bias are most obvious in the distribution of income and wealth. This reflects women’s unequal position in the labour market , their less favorable treatment in most social security systems and their lower status within the household. Discrimination against women is also evident in the political sphere. Their access to power is not commensurate with their numbers, their needs or their contributions as citizens. As well as affecting women’s physical and mental health, gender bias also affect the quality of the services they receive. In most developed countries, women are offered equal access to basic health care. However their use of those service may be hindered by a number of gender related factors which are likely to affect poor women in particular. In health organization, gender bias gives significant impact to the evaluation of staff performance, increase stress level and miscommunication. It is also influence the leadership style and also can create ‘glass ceiling’ phenomenon. Job dissatisfaction , absenteeism and high turn over are also the consequences of gender bias. Alongside the development of gender sensitive methods of routine data collection, gender bias in health research will also need to be addressed. Most biomedical research continues to be based on the unstated assumption that women and men are physiologically similar in all respects apart from their reproductive systems. Other biological differences are ignored, as are the social/gender differences that have such a major impact on health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  18. Fulltext Greying Malaysians: strategies for promoting and supporting healthy and productive ageing
    Phua KL
    Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2007;13(1):16-21.
    MyJurnal
    Population ageing is inevitable in Malaysia as a result of declining fertility rates. Steps can be taken to face this challenge. These include ways to promote “healthy ageing” and “compression of morbidity” and ways to promote “productive ageing”, i.e., keeping the elderly economically and socially engaged. This article, based on a review of the literature, argues that it is illogical to force people into compulsory retirement at an arbitrary age when they can continue to contribute actively to society. Instead, ways can be devised to promote healthy ageing, prolonging independence and encouraging productive ageing through gradual economic and social disengagement of the individual depending on the individual’s physical health, mental health, contribution to society and personal inclination and preferences. Public policy in general and public health policy in particular can be designed or redesigned to help achieve this.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  19. Fulltext ASEAN Psychiatry: past, present, and future
    Udomratn, Pichet, Deva, M. Parameshvara
    ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2007;8(1):35-39.
    MyJurnal
    The Association of South East Asian Nations (ASEAN) was formed in 1971, and 10 years
    later the ASEAN Federation for Psychiatry and Mental Health (AFPMH) was formally
    launched. This article reviews the objectives, structure, membership, and the principles of
    rotational participation and responsibility of the AFPMH, which has just celebrated its jubilee anniversary last year. Twenty-six years have passed, and the AFPMH has achieved many successes, including the congress, which is currently held every two years, and the ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, which may be the oldest regional journal in the Asian continent. The bright future of ASEAN psychiatry is expected but relies heavily on the unity and commitment of all individual psychiatric associations within the ASEAN.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health
  20. Growing wealth and growing pains: child and adolescent psychiatry in Hong Kong, Malaysia and Singapore
    Tan S, Fung D, Hung SF, Rey J
    Australas Psychiatry, 2008 Jun;16(3):204-9.
    PMID: 18568628 DOI: 10.1080/10398560701874283
    Several Asian regions have undergone a dramatic transformation, some becoming very affluent. This paper aims to ascertain how countries that are becoming wealthy have dealt with child and adolescent mental health issues.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mental Health Services/supply & distribution; Mental Health Services/utilization*
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