Displaying publications 21 - 40 of 133 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Optimal size AMBU® laryngeal mask airway among Asian adult population
    Tang MY, Tang IP, Wang CY
    Med J Malaysia, 2014 Aug;69(4):151-5.
    PMID: 25500841 MyJurnal
    AIM: This was a randomized single blinded study to determine optimal size for Ambu®LMA (ALMA) among Malaysian adult population.

    METHODS: One hundred and twenty six non-paralyzed anaesthetized adult patients were block randomized into size 3, 4 and 5 Ambu®LMA. Optimal size is defined primarily by oropharyngeal pressure (OLP). Pharyngeal injury and ease of insertion are also taken into consideration.

    RESULTS: Mean OLP was significantly higher for Size 4 and 5 compared to size 3 (p<0.001) but similar between size 4 and 5. Number of insertion attempts and insertion time were similar between sizes. Size 5 required more manipulations during insertion (p<0.005) and had higher pharyngeal injury (p=0.001) compared to size 3 and 4.

    DISCUSSION: We recommend size 4 ALMA as the optimal size for Malaysian adults in view of the higher OLP compared to size 3, yet less pharyngeal injury than size 5 in spontaneously breathing patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  2. Fulltext A brief structured education programme enhances self-care practices and improves glycaemic control in Malaysians with poorly controlled diabetes
    Tan MY, Magarey JM, Chee SS, Lee LF, Tan MH
    Health Educ Res, 2011 Oct;26(5):896-907.
    PMID: 21715653 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyr047
    We assessed the effectiveness of a brief structured diabetes education programme based on the concept of self-efficacy on self-care and glycaemic control using single-blind study design. One hundred and sixty-four participants with poorly controlled diabetes from two settings were randomized using computer-generated list into control (n = 82) and intervention (n = 82) groups, of which 151 completed the study. Monthly interventions over 12 weeks addressed the self-care practices of diet, physical activity, medication adherence and self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG). These self-care practices were assessed at Weeks 0 and 12 using pre- and post-questionnaires in both groups together with glycated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and diabetes knowledge. In the intention-to-treat analysis (n = 164), the intervention group improved their SMBG (P = <0.001), physical activity (P = 0.001), HbA1c (P = 0.03), diabetes knowledge (P = <0.001) and medication adherence. At Week 12, HbA1c difference adjusted for SMBG frequency, medication adherence and weight change remained significant (P = 0.03) compared with control group. For within group comparisons, diabetes knowledge (P = <0.001), HbA1c level (P = <0.001), SMBG (P = <0.001) and medication adherence (P = 0.008) improved from baseline in the intervention group. In the control group, only diabetes knowledge improved (P = <0.001). These findings can contribute to the development of self-management diabetes education in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  3. Comparison between the effects of propofol and etomidate on motor and electroencephalogram seizure duration during electroconvulsive therapy
    Tan HL, Lee CY
    Anaesth Intensive Care, 2009 Sep;37(5):807-14.
    PMID: 19775046
    An ideal anaesthetic for electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) should have rapid onset and offset with no effect on seizure duration, and provide cardiovascular stability during the procedure. Propofol is commonly used, even though it has been shown to shorten seizure duration which might affect the efficacy of ECT Etomidate has been advocated as an alternative. This prospective, randomised, single-blind, crossover study was conducted to compare the effects of etomidate (Etomidate-Lipuro, B. Braun Ltd, Melsungen, Germany) and propofol (Diprivan, AstraZeneca, UK) on seizure duration as well as haemodynamic parameters in patients undergoing ECT Twenty patients aged between 18 and 70 years were recruited. Group I received etomidate 0.3 mg/kg for the first course of ECT (Group IA) and propofol 1.5 mg/kg for the second ECT (Group IB), while Group II received propofol for the first ECT (Group IIA) and etomidate for the second ECT (Group IIB). There was a washout period of two to three days in between procedures. Parameters recorded included motor seizure duration, electroencephalogram seizure duration, blood pressure and heart rate. Analysis demonstrated neither period effect nor treatment period interaction. Etomidate was associated with a significantly longer motor and electroencephalogram seizure duration compared with propofol (P < 0.01). Neither drug demonstrated consistent effects in suppressing the rise in heart rate or blood pressure during ECT Myoclonus and pain on injection were the most common adverse effects in etomidate group and propofol group respectively. Etomidate is a useful anaesthetic agent for ECT and should be considered in patients with inadequate seizure duration with propofol.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  4. Does telephone lactation counselling improve breastfeeding practices? A randomised controlled trial
    Tahir NM, Al-Sadat N
    Int J Nurs Stud, 2013 Jan;50(1):16-25.
    PMID: 23084438 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2012.09.006
    Exclusive breastfeeding rates in Malaysia remains low despite the implementation of the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) policy in government hospitals. It has been suggested that any form of postnatal lactation support will lead to an increase in exclusive breastfeeding rates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  5. The effect of a forced-air warming blanket on patients' end-tidal and transcutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressures during eye surgery under local anaesthesia: a single-blind, randomised controlled trial
    Sukcharanjit S, Tan AS, Loo AV, Chan XL, Wang CY
    Anaesthesia, 2015 Dec;70(12):1390-4.
    PMID: 26348782 DOI: 10.1111/anae.13212
    Surgical drapes used during eye surgery are impermeable to air and hence risk trapping air underneath them. We investigated the effect of a forced-air warming blanket on carbon dioxide accumulation under the drapes in patients undergoing eye surgery under local anaesthesia without sedation. Forty patients of ASA physical status 1 and 2 were randomly assigned to either the forced-air warmer (n = 20) or a control heated overblanket (n = 20). All patients were given 1 l.min(-1) oxygen. We measured transcutaneous and end-tidal carbon dioxide partial pressures, heart rate, arterial pressure, respiratory rate, temperature and oxygen saturation before and after draping, then every 5 min thereafter for 30 min. The mean (SD) transcutaneous carbon dioxide partial pressure in the forced-air warming group stayed constant after draping at 5.7 (0.2) kPa but rose to a maximum of 6.4 (0.4) kPa in the heated overblanket group (p = 0.0001 for the difference at time points 15 min and later). We conclude that forced-air warming reduces carbon dioxide accumulation under the drapes in patients undergoing eye surgery under local anaesthesia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  6. Fulltext Comparison of morphine with fentanyl added to intrathecal 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine for analgesia after caesarean section
    Siti Salmah G, Choy YC
    Med J Malaysia, 2009 Mar;64(1):71-4.
    PMID: 19852327 MyJurnal
    This was a prospective randomised, controlled, single-blind study done to determine the effect of intrathecal morphine 0.1 mg as compared with intrathecal fentanyl 25 microg in terms of analgesia and duration for postoperative pain relief after Caesarean section. Sixty ASA I or II parturients were randomised into two groups. Group 1 (n=33) received 1.8 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine combined with 0.1 mg morphine while Group 2 (n=27) received 1.8 ml of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine combined with 25 microg fentanyl for spinal anaesthesia. Postoperatively, all patients were provided with patient controlled analgesia (PCA) morphine. Pain was assessed using visual analogue score (VAS) at 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours. Time to first demand of PCA morphine, cumulative PCA morphine requirement and opioid side effects were documented. The VAS for pain and the cumulative PCA morphine requirement were both significantly lower in Group 1 (p < 0.05) during the 24 hours study period. The time to first demand was also significantly longer in Group 1 (p < 0.05). Overall, there were no significant difference between the two groups in side effects, except for a high incidence of nausea and vomiting requiring treatment in Group B in the first six hours. In conclusion the addition of 0.1 mg morphine for spinal anaesthesia provided superior and longer postoperative analgesia after Caesarean section.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  7. Fulltext Blood glucose response to a calamansi drink in healthy adults: a non-randomised study
    Siner A, Sevanesan MS, Ambomai T, Abd Wahab Z, Lasem L
    BMC Res Notes, 2020 Aug 28;13(1):404.
    PMID: 32859257 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-020-05250-8
    OBJECTIVE: Glycaemic Index (GI) ranks the body's response to carbohydrate content in food such that high GI food increases postprandial blood glucose levels. One of the popular drinks at food and beverage outlets is a drink made from calamansi, a citrus that is believed not to induce an increase in blood glucose levels. In this non-randomised single-blind (participants) study, capillary blood from 10 healthy males were sampled following consumption of either glucose or the calamansi drink. The blood glucose measurements were then used to calculate the GI for the drink.

    RESULTS: The GI of the calamansi drink tested was calculated as 37, a value within the range of low GI foods. Trial registration Clinical Trials identifier NCT04462016; Retrospectively registered on July 1, 2020.

    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  8. Fulltext KEPT-app trial: a pragmatic, single-blind, parallel, cluster-randomised effectiveness study of pelvic floor muscle training among incontinent pregnant women: study protocol
    Sidik SM, Jaffar A, Foo CN, Muhammad NA, Abdul Manaf R, Ismail SIF, et al.
    BMJ Open, 2021 01 12;11(1):e039076.
    PMID: 33436465 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039076
    INTRODUCTION: Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) strongly recommended to incontinent pregnant women. The Kegel Exercise Pregnancy Training-app trial is a multicentre cluster-randomised study aims to assess the effectiveness and its cost-effectiveness of the mobile app guidance in PFMT among incontinent pregnant women.

    METHODS AND ANALYSIS: 370 pregnant women (aged 18 years old and above) will be recruited with International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Urinary Incontinence-Short Form. Ten clusters (primary care clinics) will be randomly assigned to either PFMT or usual care in a 1:1 ratio by an independent researcher (sealed envelope). The primary outcome will be urinary incontinence, and the secondary outcomes (quality of life; PFMT adherence, psychological status and mobile apps' usability) will be assessed at four measurement time points (t0: baseline) and postintervention (t1: 4 weeks, t2: 8 weeks and t3: 8 weeks postnatal). T-test analysis will determine any significant differences at the baseline between the control and intervention groups. The mixed-model analysis will determine the effectiveness of the intervention at the population-average level for both the primary and secondary outcomes. For the cost-effectiveness analysis, expenditures during the study and 6 months after the intervention will be compared between the groups using the multiway sensitivity analysis. The recruitment planned will be in December 2020, and the planned end of the study will be in August 2021.

    ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee for Research Involving Human Subjects, Universiti Putra Malaysia (JKEUPM-2019-368) and Medical Research and Ethics Committee (MREC), Ministry of Health Malaysia, NMRR-19-412-47116 (IIR) with the ANZCTR registration. This study will obtain informed written consent from all the study participants. The results which conform with the Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials and the Recommendations for Interventional Trials will be published for dissemination in peer-reviewed journals and conference proceedings.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ACTRN12619000379112.

    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  9. Fulltext The Malaysian Childhood Obesity Treatment Trial (MASCOT)
    Sharifah WW, Nur HH, Ruzita AT, Roslee R, Reilly JJ
    Malays J Nutr, 2011 Aug;17(2):229-36.
    PMID: 22303576 MyJurnal
    INTRODUCTION: The present study describes a randomised controlled trial (RCT) based on a novel, generalisable intervention for childhood obesity, comparing the intervention with a no-treatment control group.
    METHOD: The Malaysian Childhood Obesity Treatment Trial (MASCOT) was a single-blind RCT of a dietetic treatment for childhood obesity in children of primary school age (7 to 11 years old) in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The MASCOT comprising eight sessions, of an 8-hour family-centred group treatment programme is described, based on behavioural change techniques. The study sample was characterised by BMI z-score, health related quality of life reported by participants and their parents (PedsQL questionnaire), objectively measured habitual physical activity and sedentary behaviour (Actigraph accelerometry)
    RESULTS: The MASCOT sample of 107 children was characterised by a low quality of life, mean total score on PedsQL 67.7 (4.5) as reported by the children, and 66.0 (16.4) as reported by their parents. The children spent, on average, 89% of their waking day on sedentary activity, and 1% of the day in moderate-vigorous intensity physical activity, equivalent to only around 8 minutes/day.
    CONCLUSION: Obese children in the MASCOT study had an impaired quality of life, high levels of sedentary behaviour and very low levels of physical activity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  10. Fulltext Effects of self-prepared hypertonic nasal saline irrigation in allergic rhinitis: A randomized controlled trial
    Sansila K, Eiamprapai P, Sawangjit R
    Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol, 2020 Sep;38(3):200-207.
    PMID: 30525740 DOI: 10.12932/AP-090618-0331
    BACKGROUND: Nasal saline irrigation has been reported to be effective as an adjunctive therapy for allergic rhinitis (AR), but concerns about adverse events, supply problems, and high costs have limited its widespread clinical use. Aqueous 1.8% sodium chloride solution prepared by patients using drinking water (1.8% self-prepared hypertonic nasal saline irrigation; 1.8% SPHNSI) could solve some of these problems, but its clinical efficacy and safety need to be determined.

    OBJECTIVE: We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of 1.8% SPHNSI and 0.9% commercial isotonic nasal saline irrigation (0.9% CINSI) in patients with AR.

    METHODS: A randomised, single-blinded, placebo-controlled trial was performed as a pilot study. Seventy-eight patients with AR were included. Each patient was randomised to nasal irrigation with 80 mL of either 1.8% SPHNSI or 0.9% CINSI twice-daily for 4 weeks. Randomised codes were generated using a computer and a block of 4 procedure. The primary outcome was improvement of quality of life scores in Thai patients with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (Rcq-36). Secondary outcomes were clinical symptoms using total nasal symptom scores (TNSS) and adverse events. All outcomes were assessed by blinded assessors at baseline, week 2, and week 4.

    RESULTS: At week 4, nasal irrigation with 1.8% SPHNSI had significantly improved the Rcq-36 score (54% versus 50%; p < 0.032) and congestion symptom score (96% versus 84%; p < 0.018) compared to nasal irrigation with 0.9% CINSI. Adverse events were comparable for both groups at week 4.

    CONCLUSIONS: This pilot study indicates that regular use of 1.8% SPHNSI in AR patients for 4 weeks is safe and has superior efficacy to 0.9% CINSI for alleviating congestion and improving quality of life scores.

    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  11. Modification of propranolol's bioavailability by Eurycoma longifolia water-based extract
    Salman SA, Amrah S, Wahab MS, Ismail Z, Ismail R, Yuen KH, et al.
    J Clin Pharm Ther, 2010 Dec;35(6):691-6.
    PMID: 21054461 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2710.2009.01147.x
    Eurycoma longifolia (E. longifolia), a herb commonly consumed for its aphrodisiac properties, is widely used by Asian males. This may include hypertensive patients receiving propranolol which may cause sexual dysfunction as one of its side-effects. There is no published study of the potential pharmacokinetic interaction between propranolol and the herb.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  12. Fulltext Effectiveness of teaching automated external defibrillators use using a traditional classroom instruction versus self-instruction video in non-critical care nurses
    Saiboon IM, Qamruddin RM, Jaafar JM, Bakar AA, Hamzah FA, Eng HS, et al.
    Saudi Med J, 2016 Apr;37(4):429-35.
    PMID: 27052286 DOI: 10.15537/smj.2016.4.14833
    To evaluate the effectiveness and retention of learning automated external defibrillator (AED) usage taught through a traditional classroom instruction (TCI) method versus a novel self instructed video (SIV) technique in non-critical care nurses (NCCN).
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  13. The effect of exergaming on knee proprioception in older men: A randomized controlled trial
    Sadeghi H, Hakim MN, Hamid TA, Amri SB, Razeghi M, Farazdaghi M, et al.
    Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 2017 Mar-Apr;69:144-150.
    PMID: 27923177 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2016.11.009
    BACKGROUND: Proprioception is the ability to sense the body position, muscle sense, joint stability and posture. As balance decreases during the process of aging, knee proprioception has a critical role in body balance and daily activities. Exergaming has shown to be a potentially effective and more enjoyable form of exercise delivery.

    OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of an 8-week Xbox Kinect exercise program on knee proprioception in healthy older adults.

    METHODOLOGY: Thirty-two elderly men who were 65 years of age or older were randomly allocated to either a control or experimental group (allocation ratio 1:1). The experimental group received an exergame intervention that included Xbox Kinect with games focusing on movements of the knee joint for 8 weeks (three times per week and 40min per sessions). A Biodex Isokinetic Dynamometer was used to measure knee joint position sense before and after the exercise program.

    RESULTS: After eight weeks of training, knee proprioception significantly improved in the intervention group for several knee joint angles: 30° (3.5±1.1), 45° (3.1±0.9), and 60° (3.0±0.6) compared to the control group 30° (5.2±0.8), 45° (5.2±0.8), and 60° (6.2±0.9) (dominant leg F1, 28=23.469, p=0.001. ƞ2=0.456; non-dominant leg F1, 28=23.076, p=0.001. ƞ2=0.452).

    CONCLUSION: The results from this study indicate that exergame intervention can enhance knee proprioception in elderly men.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  14. Fulltext Cost analysis of cataract surgery with intraocular lens implantation: a single blind randomised clinical trial comparing extracapsular cataract extraction and phacoemulsification
    Rizal AM, Aljunid SM, Normalina M, Hanom AF, Chuah KL, Suzainah Y, et al.
    Med J Malaysia, 2003 Aug;58(3):380-6.
    PMID: 14750378
    A randomised single blinded clinical trial to compare the cost of cataract surgery between extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) and phacoemulsification (PEA) was conducted at Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (HUKM) between March and December 2000. A total of 60 patients were included in this study. The cost of a cataract surgery incurred by hospital, patients and households up to two months after discharge were included. The costs of training, loss of patients' income after discharge and intangible costs were excluded. Results showed that the average cost for one ECCE operation is RM1,664.46 (RM1,233.04-RM2,377.64) and for PEA is RM1,978.00 (RM1,557.87-RM3,334.50). During this short period of follow up, it can be concluded that ECCE is significantly cheaper than PEA by an average difference of RM 313.54 per patient (p < 0.001). Cost of equipment and low frequency of PEA technique done in HUKM were the two main reasons for the high unit cost of PEA as compared to ECCE.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  15. Fulltext Ascariasis, trichuriasis, and growth of schoolchildren in Northeastern Peninsular Malaysia
    Raj SM, Naing NN
    Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 1998 Dec;29(4):729-34.
    PMID: 10772554
    A study to determine the effect of antihelminthic treatment on growth and nutritional status was undertaken on 103 children in the second grade of primary school, 71 of whom were found to be infected with Ascaris lumbricoides or Trichuris trichiura. The median Ascaris and Trichuris intensities in the infected group were 19,600 (range; 0-488,000) and 2,800 (range; 0-84,600) eggs per gram of feces respectively. Forty-three children harbored both types of worm. Fourteen weeks after two 400 mg doses of albendazole were administered to infected children, the increases in weight, height, weight for age, height for age and weight for height were significantly higher among infected children than controls who were uninfected at baseline. The observed gains were independent of sex and socioeconomic status. Decrease in log transformed Trichuris intensity correlated with increases in weight (r=0.24; p=0.02) and weight for age (r=0.20; p=0.06) but decrease in Ascaris intensity did not correlate with increases in any of the anthropometric parameters. The results suggest that antihelminthic treatment has beneficial short-term effects on growth and nutritional status of a modest magnitude among early primary schoolchildren in the area.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  16. Fulltext Stop and Play Digital Health Education Intervention for Reducing Excessive Screen Time Among Preschoolers From Low Socioeconomic Families: Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial
    Raj D, Ahmad N, Mohd Zulkefli NA, Lim PY
    J Med Internet Res, 2023 May 04;25:e40955.
    PMID: 37140970 DOI: 10.2196/40955
    BACKGROUND: High prevalence of excessive screen time among preschool children is attributable to certain parental factors such as lack of knowledge, false perception about screen time, and inadequate skills. Lack of strategies to implement screen time guidelines, in addition to multiple commitments that may hinder parents from face-to-face interventions, demands the need to develop a technology-based parent-friendly screen time reduction intervention.

    OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop, implement, and evaluate the effectiveness of Stop and Play, a digital parental health education intervention to reduce excessive screen time among preschoolers from low socioeconomic families in Malaysia.

    METHODS: A single-blind, 2-arm cluster randomized controlled trial was conducted among 360 mother-child dyads attending government preschools in the Petaling district, who were randomly allocated into the intervention and waitlist control groups between March 2021 and December 2021. This 4-week intervention, developed using whiteboard animation videos, infographics, and a problem-solving session, was delivered via WhatsApp (WhatsApp Inc). Primary outcome was the child's screen time, whereas secondary outcomes included mother's screen time knowledge, perception about the influence of screen time on the child's well-being, self-efficacy to reduce the child's screen time and increase physical activity, mother's screen time, and presence of screen device in the child's bedroom. Validated self-administered questionnaires were administered at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 3 months after the intervention. The intervention's effectiveness was evaluated using generalized linear mixed models.

    RESULTS: A total of 352 dyads completed the study, giving an attrition rate of 2.2% (8/360). At 3 months after the intervention, the intervention group showed significantly reduced child's screen time compared with the control group (β=-202.29, 95% CI -224.48 to -180.10; P

    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  17. The use of propofol for procedural sedation and analgesia in the emergency department: a comparison with midazolam
    Rahman NH, Hashim A
    Emerg Med J, 2011 Oct;28(10):861-5.
    PMID: 21098799 DOI: 10.1136/emj.2009.085019
    This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of propofol as an alternative agent for procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) in the emergency department (ED) and to make a comparison between two different sedative (propofol vs midazolam) drugs used in combination with fentanyl.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  18. Fulltext Efficacy of virtual reality exposure therapy for treatment of dental phobia: a randomized control trial
    Raghav K, Van Wijk AJ, Abdullah F, Islam MN, Bernatchez M, De Jongh A
    BMC Oral Health, 2016 Feb 27;16:25.
    PMID: 26920573 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-016-0186-z
    BACKGROUND: Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy (VRET) is found to be a promising and a viable alternative for in vivo exposure in the treatment of specific phobias. However, its usefulness for treating dental phobia is unexplored. The aims of the present study are to determine: (a) the efficacy of VRET versus informational pamphlet (IP) control group in terms of dental trait and state anxiety reductions at 1 week, 3 months and 6 months follow-up (b) the real-time physiological arousal [heart rate (HR)] of VRET group participants during and following therapy (c) the relation between subjective (presence) and objective (HR) measures during VRET.

    METHODS: This study is a single blind, randomized controlled trial with two parallel arms in which participants will be allocated to VRET or IP with a ratio of 1:1. Thirty participants (18-50 years) meeting the Phobia Checklist criteria of dental phobia will undergo block randomization with allocation concealment. The primary outcome measures include participants' dental trait anxiety (Modified Dental Anxiety Scale and Dental Fear Survey) and state anxiety (Visual Analogue Scale) measured at baseline (T0), at intervention (T1), 1-week (T2), 3 months (T3) and 6 months (T4) follow-up. A behavior test will be conducted before and after the intervention. The secondary outcome measures are real-time evaluation of HR and VR (Virtual Reality) experience (presence, realism, nausea) during and following the VRET intervention respectively. The data will be analyzed using intention-to-treat and per-protocol analysis.

    DISCUSSION: This study uses novel non-invasive VRET, which may provide a possible alternative treatment for dental anxiety and phobia.

    TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ISRCTN25824611 , Date of registration: 26 October 2015.

    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  19. Fulltext Short-Term Effects of Strengthening Exercises of the Lower Limb Rehabilitation Protocol on Pain, Stiffness, Physical Function, and Body Mass Index among Knee Osteoarthritis Participants Who Were Overweight or Obese: A Clinical Trial
    Rafiq MT, Hamid MSA, Hafiz E
    ScientificWorldJournal, 2021;2021:6672274.
    PMID: 34975349 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6672274
    BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee is defined as a progressive disease of the synovial joints and is characterized by wear and tear of the cartilage and underlying bone. This study aimed to determine the short-term effects of the lower limb rehabilitation protocol (LLRP) on pain, stiffness, physical function, and body mass index (BMI) among knee OA participants who were overweight or obese. Methodology. A single-blinded randomized controlled trial of one-month duration was conducted at Rehmatul-Lil-Alameen Postgraduate Institute, Lahore, Pakistan. Fifty overweight or obese participants with knee OA were randomly divided into two groups by a computer-generated number. Participants in the rehabilitation protocol group (RPG) were provided with leaflets explaining the strengthening exercises of the LLRP and instruction of daily care (IDC), while the participants in the control group (CG) were provided with leaflets explaining the IDC only for a duration of four weeks. The primary outcome measures were the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) scores for pain, stiffness, and physical function. The secondary outcome measures were BMI, exercise adherence, and patients' satisfaction assessed by using the numeric rating scale ranging from 0 to 10. The paired-sample t-test was used to analyze the differences within groups from baseline to posttest evaluations. The analysis of variance 2 × 2 factor was used to analyze the differences in BMI, knee pain, stiffness, and physical function between the groups.

    RESULTS: Participants in the RPG and CG reported a statistically significant reduction in knee pain and stiffness (p ≤ 0.05) within the group. The reduction in the scores of knee pain was higher in participants in the RPG than that in participants in the CG (p=0.001). Additionally, participants in the RPG reported greater satisfaction (p=0.001) and higher self-reported exercise adherence (p=0.010) and coordinator-reported exercise adherence (p=0.046) than the participants in the CG.

    CONCLUSION: Short-term effects of the LLRP appear to reduce knee pain and stiffness only, but not physical function and BMI.

    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
  20. Effect of a single dose of low-level laser therapy on spontaneous and chewing pain caused by elastomeric separators
    Qamruddin I, Alam MK, Fida M, Khan AG
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2016 Jan;149(1):62-6.
    PMID: 26718379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2015.06.024
    The aim of this study was to see the effect of a single dose of low-level laser therapy on spontaneous and chewing pain after the placement of elastomeric separators.
    Matched MeSH terms: Single-Blind Method
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links