MyMedR

Fulltext Using 21st-Century Technologies to Determine the Cognitive Capabilities of a 11,000-Year-Old Perak Man Who Had Brachymesophalangia Type A2

Abdullah JY, Saidin M, Rajion ZA, Hadi H, Mohamad N, Moraes C, et al.

Malays J Med Sci, 2021 Feb;28(1):1-8.

PMID: 33679214 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2021.28.1.1

Perak Man, named after the state where the skeleton was found, was the most complete skeleton found in Southeast Asia. The funerary artefacts indicate that Perak Man was highly respected, as he was buried at the centre of the highest cave in Lenggong, and he was the only person buried there. A copy of the original skull was made using computed tomography (CT) and 3D printing. Based on the internal structure of the reconstructed skull, the estimated intracranial volume (ICV) is 1,204.91 mL. The hypothetical face of Perak Man was reconstructed according to established forensic methods. Based on his presumed status, Perak Man was likely a respected person in the group and, perhaps, a shaman and the most knowledgeable person in the group regarding survival, hunting, gathering and other aspects of Palaeolithic daily life.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Fulltext Use of negative pressure individual isolation system for CT scan of patients with suspected COVID-19

Cheah PK, Krisnan T, Abdul Kadir MH, Steven EM

Emerg Med J, 2020 Aug;37(8):467.

PMID: 32546476 DOI: 10.1136/emermed-2020-209851

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

Use of bovine xenograft in reconstruction of traumatic anterior cranial fossa bone defects involving the frontal sinus

Abdullah J, Rushdan A, Hamzah M, Ariff AR, Rani A

Ann. Transplant., 1999;4(3-4):28-31.

PMID: 10853777

Four patients underwent reconstruction of anterior cranial fossa of skull defects between November 1997 and January 1998. All of them had traumatic anterior cranial fossa defect and were reconstructed with lyophilised bovine cortical bone graft. There was no cerebrospinal fluid leakage, meningitis, extradural abscess or other infections. This study demonstrates that the use of bovine bone graft in the reconstruction of anterior base defects is safe.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Use of a Diagnostic Score to Prioritize Computed Tomographic (CT) Imaging for Patients Suspected of Ischemic Stroke Who May Benefit from Thrombolytic Therapy

Hwong WY, Bots ML, Selvarajah S, Kappelle LJ, Abdul Aziz Z, Sidek NN, et al.

PLoS One, 2016;11(10):e0165330.

PMID: 27768752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0165330

A shortage of computed tomographic (CT) machines in low and middle income countries often results in delayed CT imaging for patients suspected of a stroke. Yet, time constraint is one of the most important aspects for patients with an ischemic stroke to benefit from thrombolytic therapy. We set out to assess whether application of the Siriraj Stroke Score is able to assist physicians in prioritizing patients with a high probability of having an ischemic stroke for urgent CT imaging.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Use of Computed Tomography in Determining the Occurrence of Dorsal and Intra-articular Screw Penetration in Volar Locking Plate Osteosynthesis of Distal Radius Fracture

Diong TW, Haflah NHM, Kassim AYM, Habshi SMIA, Shukur MH

J Hand Surg Asian Pac Vol, 2018 Mar;23(1):26-32.

PMID: 29409409 DOI: 10.1142/S2424835518500030

BACKGROUND: The use of volar locking plate in distal radius fracture can lead to extensor tendon rupture due to dorsal screw penetration. The aim of our study was to investigate the occurrence of dorsal and intra-articular screw penetration using CT scan after volar distal radius osteosynthesis for distal radius fractures.

METHODS: Thirty patients who underwent distal volar locking plate for distal radius fracture were included in a retrospective study. In all 30 patients no dorsal and intra-articular screw penetration were detected on standard AP and lateral views of a plain radiograph. CT scan of the operated wrist was performed to determine the number of intra-articular and dorsal screw penetrations. Clinical examination was performed to determine the wrist functions in comparison to the normal wrist.

RESULTS: Nineteen wrists were noted to have screw penetration either dorsally or intraarticularly. The highest incidence is in the 2nd extensor compartment where 13 screws had penetrated with a mean of 2.46 mm. Six screws penetrated into the distal radial ulnar joint and five screws into the wrist joint with a mean of 2.83 mm and 2.6 mm, respectively. However, there was no incidence of tendon irritation or rupture.

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated a high incidence of dorsal and intra-articular screw penetration detected by CT scan which was not apparent in plain radiograph. We recommend that surgeons adhere to the principle of only near cortex fixation and downsizing the locking screw length by 2 mm.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Fulltext Use of 100 kV versus 120 kV in computed tomography pulmonary angiography in the detection of pulmonary embolism: effect on radiation dose and image quality

Gill MK, Vijayananthan A, Kumar G, Jayarani K, Ng KH, Sun Z

Quant Imaging Med Surg, 2015 Aug;5(4):524-33.

PMID: 26435916 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-4292.2015.04.04

To determine the effective radiation dose and image quality resulting from 100 versus 120 kilovoltage (kV) protocols among patients referred for computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA).

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Update on the management of ovarian torsion in children and adolescents

Nur Azurah AG, Zainol ZW, Zainuddin AA, Lim PS, Sulaiman AS, Ng BK

World J Pediatr, 2015 Feb;11(1):35-40.

PMID: 25557598 DOI: 10.1007/s12519-014-0536-3

Ovarian torsion is commonly seen in young girls. Unfortunately it is often misdiagnosed because of its non-specific symptoms and lack of diagnostic modalities. This article focuses on the diagnostic challenge and also the changes in the management of ovarian torsion.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Unusual cause of neuropathy: extensive dural spread of primary cervical osteosarcoma

Ponnampalam SN, Tan WY, Wazir NN, George J

Acta Radiol Short Rep, 2012;1(1):1-3.

PMID: 23986826 DOI: 10.1258/arsr.2012.110028

We report a very rare case of a high grade osteosarcoma of the cervical spine in a 62-year-old woman. She presented with a relatively short history of a swelling in the posterior neck and cervical lymphadenopathy. This was associated with hoarseness of the voice, significant weight loss, and right upper arm radicular symptoms initially, progressing to paraplegia. Based on MR and CT imaging of the neck and an excision biopsy of an enlarged right supraclavicular lymph node, the histology revealed a high grade primary osteosarcoma of the cervical spine.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Unusual Bone Superscan, MIBG Superscan, and 68Ga DOTATATE PET/CT in Metastatic Pheochromocytoma

Tan TH, Wong TH, Hassan SZ, Lee BN

Clin Nucl Med, 2015 Nov;40(11):867-8.

PMID: 26252329 DOI: 10.1097/RLU.0000000000000920

A 17-year-old adolescent boy with biochemically raised 2-hour urinary metanephrine and normetanephrine as well as CT findings of retroperitoneal soft tissue mass and bony metastases was referred for further assessment. Apart from Ga DOTATATE PET/CT evaluation, pretargeted systemic radionuclide therapy assessment with I-MIBG scintigraphy showed unusual phenomenon of MIBG superscan. Postsurgically, restaging Tc-MDP bone scintigraphy showed typical bone superscan features. The MIBG superscan was better delineated on post-I-MIBG therapy images.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Fulltext Unilateral superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis in a user of oral contraceptives

Jaais F, Habib ZA

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Dec;49(4):416-8.

PMID: 7674980

A patient on oral contraceptives over several years developed unilateral proptosis, haemorrhagic retinopathy and increase in intraocular pressure. An orbital vein venogram confirmed the diagnosis of right superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis. There was complete resolution of thrombosis and eye signs and symptoms with discontinuation of the oral contraceptive.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Fulltext Unilateral striatal CT and MRI changes secondary to non-ketotic hyperglycaemia

Johari B, Hanafiah M, Shahizon AM, Koshy M

BMJ Case Rep, 2014;2014.

PMID: 24792025 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2014-204053

A 62-year-old man presented with a right-sided hemichorea-hemiballismus secondary to underlying non-ketotic hyperglycaemia. This condition is recognised to have a unique finding of unilateral basal ganglia lesion, which is hyperdense on CT and hyperintense on T1-weighted MRI. The clinical course of this condition is benign and has a good prognosis with early correction of the hyperglycaemia.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Unilateral moyamoya disease with co-existing arteriovenous malformation

Nawawi O, Sinnasamy M, Ramli N

Br J Radiol, 2006 Jul;79(943):e12-5.

PMID: 16823046

A case of an intracerebral bleed in a young man with a rare combination of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) and unilateral moyamoya disease is presented. The location of the bleed in the left basal ganglia corresponded to the area supplied by the basal moyamoya vessels. The AVM which received supply from collateral moyamoya vessels as well as normal cerebral arteries was located in the ipsilateral parieto-occipital region posterior to the basal ganglia bleed. This is the first reported cerebral AVM co-existing with a unilateral moyamoya disease in the English literature. Unusual features of the case such as the unilaterality of the angiographic abnormalities, their coexistence and hypotheses as to their development are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Unilateral diffuse lung opacification in an asymptomatic woman

Khajotia RR, Raman S

Aust Fam Physician, 2017 Nov;46(11):845-846.

PMID: 29101921

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods*

Fulltext Unicameral bone cyst of the calcaneum

Hazmy CHW

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59 Suppl F:63-4.

PMID: 15941167

The calcaneus is not a common site for a unicameral solitary bone cyst. Little is known about the etiology and natural history of these lesions. The author reports an adult man with a solitary bone cyst of the os calcis which was confirmed radiologically and histologically and successfully treated with curretage and bone grafting.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Undifferentiated carcinoma of the sinuses and cranial basis successfully treated with radiochemotherapy. A case report

Chandrasekaran S, Baba AA, Othman N, Jayakumar CR

Chemotherapy, 1994 Sep-Oct;40(5):357-61.

PMID: 7956460

The frustration and disappointment in managing advanced cancers of the nose and paranasal sinuses are well known. We report a case of a successful treatment of such a tumour in a 37-year-old soldier, using a combination of therapy including surgery, chemotherapy and radiation. Each mode of treatment is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Fulltext Undiagnosed traumatic diaphragmatic hernia in two cats

Lau , S.F.

Jurnal Veterinar Malaysia, 2016;28(1):12-15.

MyJurnal

Two cases of diaphragmatic hernia in cats caused by road traffic accident were undiagnosed during the initial presentation. Both cats showed no evidence of respiratory distress and clinicians did not notice the diaphragmatic hernia on thoracic radiographs. Later on, both cats showed signs of dyspnea and diaphragmatic hernia was diagnosed with repeated thoracic radiograph and ultrasound. Diaphragmatic hernia is rather common in veterinary practice, however, its diagnosis can be clinically challenging. This case report highlights the importance to re-evaluate and monitor the patient closely after the traffic accident. Repeated radiograph, different diagnostic modalities and techniques such as ultrasound, computed tomography and positive contrast peritoneagraphy should be used in order to diagnose the diaphragmatic hernia conclusively.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Undiagnosed acute phase endobronchial tuberculosis with progression to irreversible tracheobronchial stenosis

Abdullah H, Quek CZ

BMJ Case Rep, 2017 Aug 07;2017.

PMID: 28784877 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-219877

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Uncontrolled hypertension, palpitation and sweating in young female - A rare cause

Sandeep HV, Sarat KS, Ng LT

Med J Malaysia, 2016 02;71(1):39-40.

PMID: 27130746

Extra-adrenal /retroperitoneal paraganglioma is a rare cause of hypertension in young with increased incidence of metastasis as compared to adrenal pheochromocytoma. We present a case of a young female with history of headache, nausea/vomiting, palpitations, uncontrolled hypertension, heat intolerance and diaphoresis. The 24-hour urine catecholamine levels were elevated. Clinical diagnosis of pheochromocytoma was made and further evaluation with Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the adrenals revealed extradrenal para-aortic retroperitoneal mass in keeping with paraganglioma. Gallium-68 DOTATE positron emission tomography-CT scan (PET-CT) confirmed the diagnosis without evidence of metastatic foci.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Fulltext Ultrasound (US) and computed tomographic (CT) appearances of large (giant) hepatic cavernous hemangiomas

Samad SA, Maimunah A, Zulfiqar A, Zaharah M

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Mar;50(1):82-6.

PMID: 7752982

The sonographic and CT appearances of 9 large cavernous hemangiomas of the liver were studied. On sonography, 6 masses (67%) exhibit heterogenous echo pattern; where in 2 patients the echotexture was a mixture of hypoechoic and isoechoic areas and in 4 patients there are varying amounts of bright hyperreflective areas similar to the texture typical of small hemangiomas. The masses were predominantly hypoechoic in the remaining 3 patients (33%). Incremental bolus or bolus-infusion dynamic CT showed peripheral contrast enhancement of varying intensities and thickness in all patients. The lesions were incorrectly diagnosed as hepatomas in 4 patients, suspected as hemangiomas with a differential diagnosis of hepatomas in 4 patients and an early liver abscess in 1 patient. It is concluded that large cavernous hemangiomas of the liver do not exhibit the typical homogenous hyperreflective echotexture as exhibited by small lesions and they mimic primary and secondary hepatic neoplasms. However, the diagnosis of hemangioma should be entertained when such a mass contains bright hyperechoic areas within its heterogenous echo pattern and exhibit peripheral enhancement on contrast enhanced CT. In addition to correlation with appropriate clinical information, confirmation of diagnosis include delayed scanning during a routine incremental bolus dynamic CT, single-slice dynamic contrast enhanced CT, angiography or isotope scintigraphy and magnetic resonance imaging depending on the availability of facility.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

Ultrasonic plaque echolucency and emboli signals predict stroke in asymptomatic carotid stenosis

Topakian R, King A, Kwon SU, Schaafsma A, Shipley M, Markus HS, et al.

Neurology, 2011 Aug 23;77(8):751-8.

PMID: 21849657 DOI: 10.1212/WNL.0b013e31822b00a6

Better methods are required to identify patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis (ACS) at risk of future stroke. Two potential markers of high risk are echolucent plaque morphology on carotid ultrasound and embolic signals (ES) in the ipsilateral middle cerebral artery on transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD). We explored the predictive value of a score based on these 2 measures in the prospective, observational, international multicenter Asymptomatic Carotid Emboli Study.

Matched MeSH terms: Tomography, X-Ray Computed

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