MyMedR

Fulltext Prevalence and distribution of intestinal and blood parasites among Ibans in the Nanga Atoi in the Second Division in Sarawak

Neo CB, Cheah YK, Chin PW, Tan TV, Wong NC, Yap LM, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 1987 Dec;42(4):294-8.

PMID: 3454401

About two-thirds (67.6%) of 142 Ibans (from birth to 90 years of age) from 26 house-holds in a longhouse in Nanga Atoi in the Second Division of Sarawak were infected with intestinal parasites. The more common helmintic infections were hookworms (47.2%) and Trichuris trichiura (43.0%). Intestinal protozoan infections were less common. Single helmintic infections were more common than multiple infections and the commonest type of multiple infections was Trichuris mixed with hookworms. Malaria and filariasis were not reported among these inhabitants surveyed.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Fulltext Ethnic and clinical features of female stroke patients admitted to the Penang General Hospital during a one year period

Lim KG

Med J Malaysia, 1987 Jun;42(2):76-80.

PMID: 3503193

One-hundred-and-thirty-one female stroke patients were identified in a retrospective analysis of female medical admissions to the Penang General Hospital during 1983. The hospital medical admission rate of women with stroke was significantly higher amongst the Chinese than the Malays [p < 0.001) or the Indians (p < 0.001). A higher proportion of Indians than Chinese or Malays presented within 24 hours of the onset of illness. The case fatality rate at discharge was 34% when patients taken home moribund were included as fatal cases. Such cases where patients were taken home at their own risk (AOR) were common among the Malays and the Chinese but did not occur amongst the Indians.

Study site: female medical wards, Penang General Hospital

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Overview of the problems of the small birth weight baby in Singapore

Wong HB

J Singapore Paediatr Soc, 1986;28(1-2):104-11.

PMID: 3762069

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Neonatal anthropometry in relation to ethnic distribution of birthweight in Singapore

Bhan A, Viegas OA, Huang HS, Ratnam SS

J Trop Pediatr, 1985 04;31(2):124-8.

PMID: 4009779 DOI: 10.1093/tropej/31.2.124

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Suicide in the island of Singapore

Kua EH, Tsoi WF

Acta Psychiatr Scand, 1985 Mar;71(3):227-9.

PMID: 3984765

In a study of suicide in Singapore in 1980 there were 230 cases and the suicide rate for the general population was 9.5 per 100,000. The age-specific rates increased steeply after 50 years and there was a male preponderance especially in the age group 60 years and over. Comparing the three major ethnic groups in Singapore, the highest rate was seen in the Indians and Chinese, whereas the Malays had the lowest. Amongst the suicides there were 59 (25.7%) with mental illness, mainly schizophrenia, and they were of a younger age group, 20-39 years. The commonest method of suicide was jumping from high-rise flats.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

A cross-cultural study of the possession-trance in Singapore

Kua EH, Sim LP, Chee KT

Aust N Z J Psychiatry, 1986 Sep;20(3):361-4.

PMID: 3467715

Possession-trance is a common culture-bound syndrome in Singapore. The characteristic features as seen in 36 young men of the three different ethnic communities are described. At follow-up four to five years later, none of the 26 who could be contacted showed any evidence of mental illness. The psychopathology of the possession-trance is discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Hepatic storage of iron and ferritin in different ethnic groups in Singapore

Wong CT, Saha N

Ann Nutr Metab, 1985;29(5):267-73.

PMID: 4051449

The concentrations of non-haem iron, ferritin and ferritin-iron were measured in the livers of 137 adults and children collected at necropsy. The concentrations of non-haem and ferritin iron were found to be 146.6 +/- 95.2 micrograms/g and 61.6 +/- 32.4 micrograms/g, respectively, in males and 108.0 +/- 61.7 micrograms/g and 60.6 +/- 26.4 micrograms/g, respectively, in females. The values for males in Singapore were lower than those reported in developed Western countries. No correlation was observed between storage iron and age, or ferritin concentration and age. Concentrations of non-haem iron and ferritin were similar for persons dying from accident and coronary heart disease. The non-haem iron concentration in Chinese (187.9 +/- 101.0 micrograms/g) was significantly greater than that in Indians (103.1 +/- 65.8 micrograms/g), while the ferritin concentration in Chinese (6.18 +/- 2.37 mg/g) was significantly greater than either Malays (3.81 +/- 1.8 mg/g) or Indians (3.52 +/- 1.6 mg/g). A significant positive correlation was observed between the non-haem iron and ferritin and also ferritin-iron in Chinese males (r values of 0.678 and 0.598, respectively) and Indian males (r values of 0.576 and 0.612, respectively). However, the correlation between these indices was not significant in the case of Malay males. In premenopausal women the non-haem iron correlated well with ferritin (r = 0.737) and ferritin iron (r = 0.826) while the correlation was lacking in postmenopausal women.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Incomplete bladder emptying due to labial fusion in a pubertal girl: a delayed consequence of female circumcision

Awang NA, Viegas C, Viegas OAC

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol, 2004 Aug;44(4):372-3.

PMID: 15282020 DOI: 10.1111/j.1479-828X.2004.00261.x

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

DietPal: a Web-based dietary menu-generating and management system

Noah SA, Abdullah SN, Shahar S, Abdul-Hamid H, Khairudin N, Yusoff M, et al.

J Med Internet Res, 2004 Jan 30;6(1):e4.

PMID: 15111270

Attempts in current health care practice to make health care more accessible, effective, and efficient through the use of information technology could include implementation of computer-based dietary menu generation. While several of such systems already exist, their focus is mainly to assist healthy individuals calculate their calorie intake and to help monitor the selection of menus based upon a prespecified calorie value. Although these prove to be helpful in some ways, they are not suitable for monitoring, planning, and managing patients' dietary needs and requirements. This paper presents a Web-based application that simulates the process of menu suggestions according to a standard practice employed by dietitians.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Small stem Exeter total hip replacement: clinical and radiological follow-up over a minimum of 2.5 years

Sivananthan S, Arif M, Choon DS

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong), 2003 Dec;11(2):148-53.

PMID: 14676339

To evaluate the clinical and radiological outcome in patients undergoing small stem Exeter total hip replacement.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

How to handle hysterical factory workers

Chew PK

Occup Health Saf, 1978 Mar-Apr;47(2):50-2, 53.

PMID: 634529

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Hepatitis B surface antigen subtypes in Malaysia

Kamath S

Am J Epidemiol, 1975 Aug;102(2):191-5.

PMID: 50735

One hundred and ninety hepatitis B surface antigen positive (HBsAG+) sera were subtyped, belonging to : blood donors, hepatitis patients, patients and staff in a hemodialysis unit, all from Kuala Lumpur; Malaysian aborigines from three jungle locations in Peninsular Malaysia; and East Malaysians from Sarawak, East Malaysia; Three subtypes adr, adw and ayw were present in Malaysia in the following frequencies: 44%, 29%, and 27%, respectively; In Kuala Lumpur 87% had subdeterminant d and 13 per cent y, whereas in the deep jungle aborigines of Perak and Pahang, the y subdeterminant was present in 87% and the d in 13%. A similar pattern of preponderance of y prevailed in Sarawak, East Malaysia. In Kuala Lumpur the two main ethnic groups, Malays and Chinese, differed in subtype distribution, in that adr predominated in the Malays (61%), while the adw predominated in the Chinese (51%); Subtype distribution was not related to age or sex of carriers of the antigen, or to whether they had hepatitis, or asymptomatic antigenemia.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Neonatal jaundice in premature infants

Tan KL

J Singapore Paediatr Soc, 1977 Dec;19(4):238-40.

PMID: 616476

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Smoking habits among medical students in the University of Malaya

Pathmanathan I

Med J Malaysia, 1975 Dec;30(2):88-92.

PMID: 1228387

In a study during 1972 of smoking habits of Malaysian medical students, smoking rates of medical students was seen to be higher than that of students in four other faculties in the University of Malaya. Male Malaysian medical students had higher smoking rates than their counterparts in Glasgow in 1971 (UM 20.3%, Glasgow 19.1%) but Malaysian females had very low smoking rates (male 25.2%, female 1.6%). Despite the fact that in the medical curriculum students are made aware of the scientific evidence on the health hazards of smoking, smoking rates were higher in students int their later years of study. Ethnicity was associate with smoking rates although father's smoking habit was not - and Malays had the highest smoking rates (malay 28.2%, chinese 16.3%, indian and others 23.5%).

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Prevalence of diabetes mellitus among the ethnic groups in Singapore

Cheah JS, Tambyah JA, Mitra NR

Trop Geogr Med, 1975 Mar;27(1):14-6.

PMID: 1169832

During a routine medical examination of 5280 government employees (2736 males, 2544 females; age range 17 to 66 years; 3386 Chinese, 1252 Malays, 508 Indians and 134 other ethnic groups) diabetes was found in 31 (0.59%). The prevalence was higher in males (0.95%) than in females (0.20%). The highest prevalence was in the age-group 50 to 59 years (5.4%); at ages 30 to 66 years, the overall prevalence was 2.18%. The prevalence of diabetes is higher in Indians (2.76%) than in Chinese (0.30%) and Malays (0.48%); the difference is statistically significant, as it also is in the age-group 30 to 66 years (Indians 6.36%, Malays 1.39%, Chinese 0.9%). Of the 31 cases, only four were previously known and only nine were overwieght. The possible reasons for the higher prevalence of diabetes in Indians are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Physical and cognitive domains of the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: validation in a multiethnic population of Asian older adults

Ng TP, Niti M, Chiam PC, Kua EH

J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci, 2006 Jul;61(7):726-35.

PMID: 16870636

BACKGROUND: We sought to assess the validity of the physical and cognitive domains of Lawton and Brody's Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL) scale and its cross-cultural applicability across ethnic groups in an Asian population of community-living older adults.

METHODS: Using data from a random population sample of noninstitutionalized Chinese, Malay, and Indian older adults 60 years old and older in Singapore (N = 1072), we modeled the dimensional structure of the 8-item IADL Scale using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, and assessed its convergent and divergent validity using known group differences and strengths of association.

RESULTS: Factor analyses yielded two strong and reliable factors representing underlying physical and cognitive dimensions of IADL. The validity of the model was supported by the pattern of associations of the IADL with age, gender, education, self-reported health status, hospitalization, physical comorbidities, dementia and depression, and Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Notably, cognitive IADL showed a greater total effect on MMSE cognitive performance score than did physical IADL, with the effect of physical IADL on MMSE score mostly explained by cognitive IADL. Reasonably good cross-cultural validity was demonstrated among Chinese, Malays, and Indians, with strongest validity for Indians.

CONCLUSION: The eight-item IADL Scale has physical and cognitive domains and is cross-culturally applicable. The cognitive IADL domain taps a set of activities directly related to cognitive functioning.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Prevalence and ethnic differences of autosomal-dominant cerebellar ataxia in Singapore

Zhao Y, Tan EK, Law HY, Yoon CS, Wong MC, Ng I

Clin Genet, 2002 Dec;62(6):478-81.

PMID: 12485197

We report the prevalence and ethnic differences of autosomal-dominant cerebellar ataxia (ADCA) in Singapore. Amongst 204 patients with ataxia who underwent genetic testing for dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) and for spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) 1, 2, 3, 6, 7, 8, 10 and 12, 58 (28.4%) patients from 36 families tested positive. SCA 3 was identified in 31 (53.4%) patients from 15 families, SCA 2 in 17 (29.3%) patients from 12 families and SCA 1 in four (6.9%) patients from four families. Other SCA subtypes were rare. SCA 2 was the only subtype identified amongst ethnic Malay and ethnic Indian families. The estimated prevalence of ADCA in Singaporean families was at least 1 : 27,000. Based on the history and ancestry of Singaporeans, our study supported a founder effect for specific SCA subtypes and the association of ethnicity-specific SCA subtypes. Our findings suggest that SCA 2 is relatively common amongst the Malay race and that priority testing for SCA 3 and SCA 2 for ethnic Chinese, and SCA 2 for ethnic Malay, may be cost effective and relevant for the region.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Paternal lineage affinity of the Malay subethnic and Orang Asli populations in Peninsular Malaysia

SharifahNany RahayuKarmilla S, Aedrianee AR, Nur Haslindawaty AR, Nur Azeelah A, Panneerchelvam S, Norazmi MN, et al.

Int J Legal Med, 2018 Jul;132(4):1087-1090.

PMID: 29052042 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-017-1697-0

Peninsular Malaysia is populated by the Malays, Chinese, Indians, and Orang Asli. We have analyzed 17 Y-STRs loci for 243 randomly unrelated individuals, which include 153 Malays (7 Acheh, 13 Champa, 11 Rawa, 9 Kedah, 23 Minang, 15 Bugis, 43 Kelantan, 14 Jawa, and 18 Bugis) and 90 Orang Asli [54 Semang (16 Kensiu, 13 Lanoh, 25 Bateq); 30 Senoi (21 Semai, 9 Che Wong); and 6 Proto-Malay (6 Orang Kanaq)] from selected settlements in Peninsular Malaysia using the AmpFlSTR Yfiler™ kit (Applied Biosystems™). The overall haplotype diversity is 0.9966, i.e., 0.9984 for the Malays and 0.9793 for the Orang Asli. A total of 158 haplotypes (65.02%) were individually unique. The p value and pairwise Rst analysis was calculated to show the genetic structure of the samples with other world populations (from YHRD website). Based on the Y-STR data, Champa, Acheh, Kedah, Minang, and Kelantan are clustered together. Lanoh and Kensiu (Semang) are very closely related, suggesting similar paternal ancestry. Jawa Malays and Indonesian Java, plus the Bugis Malays and Australian Aborigines shared high degree of paternal lineage affinity. This study presents data for very precious relict groups, who are the earliest inhabitants of Peninsular Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Fulltext A Cross-Sectional Study on the Dietary Pattern Impact on Cardiovascular Disease Biomarkers in Malaysia

Karupaiah T, Chuah KA, Chinna K, Pressman P, Clemens RA, Hayes AW, et al.

Sci Rep, 2019 09 20;9(1):13666.

PMID: 31541144 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-49911-6

We conducted this cross-sectional population study with a healthy multi-ethnic urban population (n = 577) in Malaysia, combining nutritional assessments with cardiometabolic biomarkers defined by lipid, atherogenic lipoproteins, inflammation and insulin resistance. We found diametrically opposing associations of carbohydrate (246·6 ± 57·7 g, 54·3 ± 6·5%-TEI) and fat (total = 64·5 ± 19·8 g, 31·6 ± 5·5%-TEI; saturated fat = 14·1 ± 2·7%-TEI) intakes as regards waist circumference, HDL-C, blood pressure, glucose, insulin and HOMA2-IR as well as the large-LDL and large-HDL lipoprotein particles. Diets were then differentiated into either low fat (LF, <30% TEI or <50 g) or high fat (HF, >35% TEI or >70 g) and low carbohydrate (LC, <210 g) or high carbohydrate (HC, >285 g) which yielded LFLC, LFHC, HFLC and HFHC groupings. Cardiometabolic biomarkers were not significantly different (P > 0.05) between LFLC and HFLC groups. LFLC had significantly higher large-LDL particle concentrations compared to HFHC. HOMA-IR2 was significantly higher with HFHC (1·91 ± 1·85, P 1.7 in the HFHC group was 2.43 (95% CI: 1·03, 5·72) times more compared to LFLC while odds of having large-LDL <450 nmol/L in the HFHC group was 1.91 (95% CI: 1·06, 3·44) more compared to latter group. Our data suggests that a HFHC dietary combination in Malaysian adults is associated with significant impact on lipoprotein particles and insulin resistance.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

Factor structure and psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2)

Swami V, Mohd Khatib NA, Toh E, Zahari HS, Todd J, Barron D

Body Image, 2019 Mar;28:66-75.

PMID: 30594001 DOI: 10.1016/j.bodyim.2018.12.006

The 10-item Body Appreciation Scale-2 (BAS-2) is a widely-used measure of a facet of positive body image. Here, we examined the psychometric properties of a Bahasa Malaysia (Malay) translation of the BAS-2 in a community sample of Malaysian Malay and Chinese adults (N = 781). Participants completed the Malay BAS-2 alongside demographic items and measures of subjective happiness, life satisfaction, actual-ideal weight discrepancy (women only), drive for muscularity (men only), and internalisation of appearance ideals. Exploratory factor analyses with a Malay subsample indicated that BAS-2 scores reduced to a single dimension with all 10 items in women and men, although the factor structure was similar but not identical across sex. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the one-dimensional factor structure had adequate fit following modifications. BAS-2 scores were partially scalar invariant across sex (with no significant sex differences) and ethnicity (Malay participants had significantly higher body appreciation than Chinese participants), as well as had adequate internal consistency. Evidence of construct and incremental validity was also provided through associations with additional measures and the prediction of subjective happiness over-and-above other variables, respectively. The availability of the Malay BAS-2 should help advance research on the body appreciation construct in Malay-speaking populations.

Matched MeSH terms: Malaysia/ethnology

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