METHODS: This study included children who had LAIE (with angle of 40 prism dioptres or greater), aged 5 and 17 years who had attended the Ophthalmology Clinic, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia from March to September 2016. The children and their parents or guardians were interviewed face-to-face using a validated semi-structured interview guide. Interviews were tape-recorded and transcribed verbatim. Content analysis was performed using the NVivo 12 software.
RESULTS: A total of 30 children and 30 parents were interviewed. The most common problems identified by the children were social interactions (73.3%, 22 children), visual functions (60.0%, 18 children), emotions (60.0%, 18 children), physical issues (40.0%, 12 children) and difficulties regarding treatment options (26.7%, eight children). The parents reported that their children were more affected in terms of visual functions (100.0%, 30 parents), social interactions (56.7%, 17 parents), emotions (43.3%, 13 parents), physical issues (20.0%, six parents), and difficulties regarding treatment options (16.7%, five parents).
CONCLUSION: The major problems that the children with LAIE identified were social interactions, while the parents observed that problems with visual functions was the most common issue encountered by their children. This suggests that the children affected have different perspectives from their parents and require support.
METHODS: A double-blind, placebo-controlled, counter-balanced crossover design with permuted block randomisation for drug order was followed. Dexamphetamine (0.45 mg/kg, PO, q.d.) was administered to healthy participants. Phantom word illusion (speech illusion) and visual-induced flash illusion/VIFI (visual illusion) tests were measured to determine if TBWs were altered as a function of delay between stimuli presentations. Word emotional content for phantom word illusions was also analysed.
RESULTS: Dexamphetamine significantly increased the total number of phantom words/speech illusions (p
DESIGN: We conducted a multi-country cross-sectional study.
METHODS: Following a literature review and patient focus groups, an expert panel generated questionnaire items. Following a pilot study, item numbers were reduced. The final questionnaire consisted of three sections: demographics, perceived QoC and one open-ended question. Data was collected from patients (n = 531) discharged from hospitals across seven countries in South East Europe (languages: Turkish, Greek, Portuguese, Romanian, Croatian, Macedonian and Bulgarian). Reliability and validity of the measure were assessed.
RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis was used to compare various factor models of patient-perceived QoC. Good model fit was demonstrated for a two-factor model: communication and interpersonal care, and hospital facilities.
CONCLUSIONS: The ORCAB (Improving quality and safety in the hospital: The link between organisational culture, burnout and quality of care) Patient QoC questionnaire has been collaboratively and exhaustively developed between healthcare professionals and patients. It enables patient QoC data to be assessed in the context of the IOM pillars of quality, considering both technical and interpersonal dimensions of care. It represents an important first step in including the patient perspective.
METHODS: This was a cross-sectional, single-centre study conducted via questionnaire. Patients aged 18 years old and above, who were diagnosed with non-curable pulmonary hypertension were recruited and given the assessment tool - perceptions of palliative care instrument electronically. The severity of pulmonary hypertension was measured using WHO class, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide and the 6-minute walking test distance.
RESULTS: A total of 84 patients [mean age: 35 ±11 years, female: 83.3%, median N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide: 491 pg/ml (interquartile range: 155,1317.8), median 6-minute walking test distance: 420m (interquartile range: 368.5, 480m)] completed the questionnaires. Patients with a higher WHO functional class and negative feelings (r = 0.333, p = 0.004), and cognitive reaction to palliative care: hopeless (r = 0.340, p = 0.003), supported (r = 0.258, p = 0.028), disrupted (r = 0.262, p = 0.025), and perception of burden (r = 0.239, p = 0.041) are more receptive to palliative care. WHO class, N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide, and 6-minute walking test distance were not associated with higher readiness for palliative care. In logistic regression analyses, patients with positive feelings (β = 2.240, p = < 0.05), and practical needs (β = 1.346, p = < 0.05), were more receptive to palliative care.
CONCLUSIONS: Disease severity did not directly influence patients' readiness for palliative care. Patients with a positive outlook were more receptive to palliative care.
METHODS: A total of 250 children (9-12 years of age) and their parents participated in this cross-sectional study. Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children and Neighbourhood Environmental Walkability Scale as well as questions on constrained behaviours (avoidance and defensive behaviours) were used to assess the children's physical activity and parental perception of neighbourhood environment and safety, respectively.
RESULTS: More than one-third (36.0%) of the children were physically inactive compared with only a small percentage (4.8%) who were physically active, with boys achieving higher physical activity levels than girls (t = 2.564, P = 0.011). For the environmental scale, parents' perception of land-use mix (access) (r = 0.173, P = 0.006), traffic hazards (r = -0.152, P = 0.016) and defensive behaviour (r = -0.024, P = 0.143) correlated significantly with children's physical activity. In multiple linear regression analysis, child's gender (β = -0.226; P = 0.003), parent's education (β = 0.140; P = 0.001), household income (β = 0.151; P = 0.024), land-use mix (access) (β = 0.134; P = 0.011) and defensive behaviour (β = -0.017; P = 0.038) were significantly associated with physical activity in children (R = 0.349, F = 6.760; P