MATERIALS AND METHODS: This retrospective study analysed 119 COVID-19 patients admitted to Al-Sultan Abdullah Hospital (HASA) from March until December 2020. Demographics, medical histories, admission laboratory results, electrocardiogram (ECG), echocardiogram (echo), were captured from the hospitals' health records. Myocardial injury is an injury to the myocardium that can be diagnosed by elevated cardiac troponin T or I level above the 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL), an abnormal ECG, and an abnormal echo. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) Version 27.
RESULTS: From this study, it was founded that the prevalence of myocardial injury is 36.1% (43 subjects out of 119). The risk factors are older age (odds ratio, 2.347; p=0.028), males (odds ratio, 2.019; p=0.125), Indians (odds ratio, 3.659; p=0.296), hypertension (odds ratio, 2.776; p=0.009), diabetes mellitus (odds ratio, 1.732; p=0.155) and category 4 and 5 COVID-19 patients (odds ratio, 2.325; p=0.038).
CONCLUSION: Myocardial injury is prevalent among patients affected by COVID-19 and is associated with older age, hypertension and category 4 and 5 COVID-19. The researchers suggested conducting a more thorough investigation of the sizable population in multiple settings and conducting a prospective study where all infected COVID-19 patients have to undergo several tests, such as ECG, troponin T, and echocardiogram.
METHODS: Using systematic review methodology, 5 databases were searched using keywords relating to adults, CP, and primary care, relating to quantitative studies (January 2000-July 2024). Data was extracted, collated, and analyzed descriptively, with additional meta-analyses to estimate proportion of GP visits.
RESULTS: Fifteen studies were included describing GP access by 6231 adults with CP. The proportion annually accessing a GP was 78% (95% CI = 69%-85%). The frequency of GP access ranged from 1.76 to 11.7 visits per year, increased with advancing age and disability severity. Comorbid intellectual disability and pain also increased GP attendance. Limited data was available reporting healthcare needs prompting GP access, and no interventions were described.
CONCLUSIONS: Advancing age, greater disability severity, comorbid intellectual disability, and pain may prompt increased GP access by adults with CP. Identification of reasons for seeking primary care, and interventions provided are required through data linkage studies to enhance lifespan care.