Displaying publications 41 - 60 of 308 in total

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  1. Towards engineering of a tracheal equivalent: identification of epithelial precursor cells, differentiation and cocultivation techniques
    Rotter N, Stölzel K, Endres M, Leinhase I, Ziegelaar BW, Sittinger M
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:35-6.
    PMID: 15468806
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering*
  2. Challenges and recent trends with the development of hydrogel fiber for biomedical applications
    Ansar R, Saqib S, Mukhtar A, Niazi MBK, Shahid M, Jahan Z, et al.
    Chemosphere, 2022 Jan;287(Pt 1):131956.
    PMID: 34523459 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131956
    Hydrogel is the most emblematic soft material which possesses significantly tunable and programmable characteristics. Polymer hydrogels possess significant advantages including, biocompatible, simple, reliable and low cost. Therefore, research on the development of hydrogel for biomedical applications has been grown intensely. However, hydrogel development is challenging and required significant effort before the application at an industrial scale. Therefore, the current work focused on evaluating recent trends and issues with hydrogel development for biomedical applications. In addition, the hydrogel's development methodology, physicochemical properties, and biomedical applications are evaluated and benchmarked against the reported literature. Later, biomedical applications of the nano-cellulose-based hydrogel are considered and critically discussed. Based on a detailed review, it has been found that the surface energy, intermolecular interactions, and interactions of hydrogel adhesion forces are major challenges that contribute to the development of hydrogel. In addition, compared to other hydrogels, nanocellulose hydrogels demonstrated higher potential for drug delivery, 3D cell culture, diagnostics, tissue engineering, tissue therapies and gene therapies. Overall, nanocellulose hydrogel has the potential for commercialization for different biomedical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering
  3. Fetal surgery and stem cell therapy for meningomyelocele
    Hii LY, Sung CA, Shaw SW
    Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol, 2020 04;32(2):147-151.
    PMID: 32004173 DOI: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000614
    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To review the advance of maternal--fetal surgery, the research of stem cell transplantation and tissue engineering in prenatal management of fetal meningomyelocele (fMMC).

    RECENT FINDINGS: Advance in the imaging study provides more accurate assessment of fMMC in utero. Prenatal maternal--fetal surgery in fMMC demonstrates favourable postnatal outcome. Minimally invasive fetal surgery minimizes uterine wall disruption. Endoscopic fetal surgery is performed via laparotomy-assisted or entirely percutaneous approach. The postnatal outcome for open and endoscopic fetal surgery shares no difference. Single layer closure during repair of fMMC is preferred to reduce postnatal surgical intervention. All maternal--fetal surgeries impose anesthetic and obstetric risk to pregnant woman. Ruptured of membrane and preterm delivery are common complications. Trans-amniotic stem cell therapy (TRASCET) showed potential tissue regeneration in animal models. Fetal tissue engineering with growth factors and dura substitutes with biosynthetic materials promote spinal cord regeneration. This will overcome the challenge of closure in large fMMC. Planning of the maternal--fetal surgery should adhere to ethical framework to minimize morbidity to both fetus and mother.

    SUMMARY: Combination of endoscopic fetal surgery with TRASCET or tissue engineering will be a new vision to achieve to improve the outcome of prenatal intervention in fMMC.

    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering
  4. Skin wound healing assisted by angiogenic targeted tissue engineering: A comprehensive review of bioengineered approaches
    Nour S, Imani R, Chaudhry GR, Sharifi AM
    J Biomed Mater Res A, 2021 04;109(4):453-478.
    PMID: 32985051 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37105
    Skin injuries and in particular, chronic wounds, are one of the major prevalent medical problems, worldwide. Due to the pivotal role of angiogenesis in tissue regeneration, impaired angiogenesis can cause several complications during the wound healing process and skin regeneration. Therefore, induction or promotion of angiogenesis can be considered as a promising approach to accelerate wound healing. This article presents a comprehensive overview of current and emerging angiogenesis induction methods applied in several studies for skin regeneration, which are classified into the cell, growth factor, scaffold, and biological/chemical compound-based strategies. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of these angiogenic strategies along with related research examples are discussed in order to demonstrate their potential in the treatment of wounds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering/methods*
  5. Recent progress in the utilization of biosynthesized polyhydroxyalkanoates for biomedical applications - Review
    Butt FI, Muhammad N, Hamid A, Moniruzzaman M, Sharif F
    Int J Biol Macromol, 2018 Dec;120(Pt A):1294-1305.
    PMID: 30189278 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.09.002
    PHAs (polyhydroxyalkanoates) have emerged as biodegradable plastics more strongly in the 20th century. A wide range of bacterial species along with fungi, plants, oilseed crops and carbon sources have been used extensively to synthesize PHA on large scales. Alteration of PHA monomers in their structures and composition has led to the development of biodegradable and biocompatible polymers with highly specific mechanical properties. This leads to the incorporation of PHA in numerous biomedical applications within the previous decade. PHAs have been fabricated in various forms to perform tissue engineering to repair liver, bone, cartilage, heart tissues, cardiovascular tissues, bone marrow, and to act as drug delivery system and nerve conduits. A large number of animal trials have been carried out to assess the biomedical properties of PHA monomers, which also confirms the high compatibility of PHA family for this field. This review summarizes the synthesis of PHA from different sources, and biosynthetic pathways and biomedical applications of biosynthesized polyhydroxyalkanoates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering*
  6. Fulltext Stem cells from childrens' teeth
    Mohd Hilmi, A.B., Fazliah, S.N., Siti Fadilah, A., Asma, H., Siti Razila, A.R., Shaharum, S., et al.
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2008;3(1):29-31.
    MyJurnal
    The aim of this study was to isolate stem cells from dental pulp of primary molars and incisors to be used as possible source for tissue engineering. Human primary molars and incisors were collected from subjects aged 4-7 year-old under standardized procedures. Within 24 hours, the tooth was cut at the cemento-enamel junction using hard tissue material cutter. The dental pulp tissue was extracted, digested and then cultured in Alpha Modified Eagles's Medium (α-MEM) supplemented with 20% FCS, 100 mM L-ascorbic acid 2-phosphate, 200 mM L-glutamine and 5000 units/ml Penicillin/Streptomycin. The cells were observed daily under the microscope until confluence. Children's tooth pulp- derived progenitor cells were found positive for stem cell markers CD105 and CD166, which are consistent with the finding for mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from bone marrow.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering
  7. Approaches to deriving Schwann cells from human bone marrow for neural tube regeneration in a clinical setting
    Hidayah HN, Mazzre M, Ng AM, Ruszymah BH, Shalimar A
    Med J Malaysia, 2008 Jul;63 Suppl A:39-40.
    PMID: 19024973
    Bone marrow derived Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were evaluated as an alternative source for tissue engineering of peripheral nerves. Human MSCs were subjected to a series of treatment with a reducing agent, retinoic acid and a combination of trophic factors. This treated MSCs differentiated into Schwann cells were characterized in vitro via flow cytometry analysis and immunocytochemically. In contrast to untreated MSCs, differentiated MSCs expressed Schwann cell markers in vitro, as we confirmed by flow cytometry analysis and immunocytochemically. These results suggest that human MSCs can be induced to be a substitute for Schwann cells that may be applied for nerve regeneration since it is difficult to grow Schwann cells in vitro.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering*
  8. The potential of 3-dimensional construct engineered from poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)/fibrin hybrid scaffold seeded with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells for in vitro cartilage tissue engineering
    Abdul Rahman R, Mohamad Sukri N, Md Nazir N, Ahmad Radzi MA, Zulkifly AH, Che Ahmad A, et al.
    Tissue Cell, 2015 Aug;47(4):420-30.
    PMID: 26100682 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2015.06.001
    Articular cartilage is well known for its simple uniqueness of avascular and aneural structure that has limited capacity to heal itself when injured. The use of three dimensional construct in tissue engineering holds great potential in regenerating cartilage defects. This study evaluated the in vitro cartilaginous tissue formation using rabbit's bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs)-seeded onto poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) PLGA/fibrin and PLGA scaffolds. The in vitro cartilaginous engineered constructs were evaluated by gross inspection, histology, cell proliferation, gene expression and sulphated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG) production at week 1, 2 and 3. After 3 weeks of culture, the PLGA/fibrin construct demonstrated gross features similar to the native tissue with smooth, firm and glistening appearance, superior histoarchitectural and better cartilaginous extracellular matrix compound in concert with the positive glycosaminoglycan accumulation on Alcian blue. Significantly higher cell proliferation in PLGA/fibrin construct was noted at day-7, day-14 and day-21 (p<0.05 respectively). Both constructs expressed the accumulation of collagen type II, collagen type IX, aggrecan and sox9, showed down-regulation of collagen type I as well as produced relative sGAG content with PLGA/fibrin construct exhibited better gene expression in all profiles and showed significantly higher relative sGAG content at each time point (p<0.05). This study suggested that with optimum in vitro manipulation, PLGA/fibrin when seeded with pluripotent non-committed BMSCs has the capability to differentiate into chondrogenic lineage and may serve as a prospective construct to be developed as functional tissue engineered cartilage.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering*
  9. Primary liver cells cultured on carbon nanotube substrates for liver tissue engineering and drug discovery applications
    Che Abdullah CA, Azad CL, Ovalle-Robles R, Fang S, Lima MD, Lepró X, et al.
    ACS Appl Mater Interfaces, 2014 Jul 9;6(13):10373-80.
    PMID: 24933259 DOI: 10.1021/am5018489
    Here, we explore the use of two- and three-dimensional scaffolds of multiwalled-carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) for hepatocyte cell culture. Our objective is to study the use of these scaffolds in liver tissue engineering and drug discovery. In our experiments, primary rat hepatocytes, the parenchymal (main functional) cell type in the liver, were cultured on aligned nanogrooved MWNT sheets, MWNT yarns, or standard 2-dimensional culture conditions as a control. We find comparable cell viability between all three culture conditions but enhanced production of the hepatocyte-specific marker albumin for cells cultured on MWNTs. The basal activity of two clinically relevant cytochrome P450 enzymes, CYP1A2 and CYP3A4, are similar on all substrates, but we find enhanced induction of CYP1A2 for cells on the MWNT sheets. Our data thus supports the use of these substrates for applications including tissue engineering and enhancing liver-specific functions, as well as in in vitro model systems with enhanced predictive capability in drug discovery and development.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering*
  10. Stem Cells Derived from Amniotic Fluid: A Potential Pluripotent-Like Cell Source for Cellular Therapy?
    Ramasamy TS, Velaithan V, Yeow Y, Sarkar FH
    Curr Stem Cell Res Ther, 2018;13(4):252-264.
    PMID: 29336267 DOI: 10.2174/1574888X13666180115093800
    BACKGROUND: Regenerative medicine aims to provide therapeutic treatment for disease or injury, and cell-based therapy is a newer therapeutic approach different from conventional medicine. Ethical issues that rose by the utilisation of human embryonic stem cells (hESC) and the limited capacity of adult stem cells, however, hinder the application of these stem cells in regenerative medicine. Recently, isolation and characterisation of c-kit positive cells from human amniotic fluid, which possess intermediate characteristics between hESCs and adult stem cells, provided a new approach towards realising their promise for fetal and adult regenerative medicine. Despite the number of studies that have been initiated to characterize their molecular signature, research on developing approaches to maintain and enhance their regenerative potential is urgently needed and must be developed.

    AIM: Thus, this review is focused on understanding their potential uses and factors influencing their pluripotent status in vitro.

    CONCLUSION: In short, this cell source could be an ideal cellular resource for pluripotent cells for potential applications in allogeneic cellular replacement therapies, fetal tissue engineering, pharmaceutical screening, and in disease modelling.

    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering/methods
  11. Coral--polyhydroxybutrate composite scaffold for tissue engineering: prefabrication properties
    Al-Salihi KA, Samsudin AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:202-3.
    PMID: 15468888
    In this study the surface properties of two particulate coral and polyhydroxybutrate (PHB) were studied in order to characterize them prior to use in composite production. Coral powder and PHB particle were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and confocal laser scanning microscopy, to measure surface porosity and pores size. The results showed that coral powder has multiple pleomorphic micropores cross each others give appearance of micro-interconnectivity. Some pore reached to 18 microm with an average porosity of 70%. PHB revealed multiple different size pores extended to the depth, with an average some times reach 25 microm and porosity 45%. These findings demonstrate that both coral and PHB have excellent pores size and porosity that facilitate bone in growth, vascular invasion and bone development. We believe that incorporation of coral powder into PHB will make an excellent composite scaffold for tissue engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering/methods*
  12. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells differentiation and proliferation on the surface of coral implant
    Al-Salihi KA, Samsudin AR
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:45-6.
    PMID: 15468811
    This study was designed to evaluate the ability of natural coral implant to provide an environment for marrow cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and function suitable for mineralized tissue formation. DNA content, alkaline phosptatase (ALP) activity, calcium (Ca) content and mineralized nodules, were measured at day 3, day 7 and day 14, in rat bone marrow stromal cells cultured with coral discs glass discs, while cells alone and coral disc alone were cultured as control. DNA content, ALP activity, Ca content measurements showed no difference between coral, glass and cells groups at 3 day which were higher than control (coral disc alone), but there were higher measurement at day 7 and 14 in the cell cultured on coral than on glass discs, control cells and control coral discs. Mineralized nodules formation (both in area and number) was more predominant on the coral surface than in control groups. These results showed that natural coral implant provided excellent and favorable situation for marrow cell to differentiate to osteoblasts, lead to large amount of mineralized tissue formation on coral surface. This in vitro result could explain the rapid bone bonding of coral in vivo.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering*
  13. The microscopic biological response of human chondrocytes to bovine bone scaffold
    Abdullah B, Shibghatullah AH, Hamid SS, Omar NS, Samsuddin AR
    Cell Tissue Bank, 2009 Aug;10(3):205-13.
    PMID: 18975136 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-008-9111-2
    This study was performed to determine the microscopic biological response of human nasal septum chondrocytes and human knee articular chondrocytes placed on a demineralized bovine bone scaffold. Both chondrocytes were cultured and seeded onto the bovine bone scaffold with seeding density of 1 x 105 cells per 100 microl/scaffold and incubated for 1, 2, 5 and 7 days. Proliferation and viability of the cells were measured by mitochondrial dehydrogenase activity (MTT assay), adhesion study was analyzed by scanning electron microscopy and differentiation study was analyzed by immunofluorescence staining and confocal laser scanning electron microscopy. The results showed good proliferation and viability of both chondrocytes on the scaffolds from day 1 to day 7. Both chondrocytes increased in number with time and readily grew on the surface and into the open pores of the scaffold. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated collagen type II on the scaffolds for both chondrocytes. The results showed good cells proliferation, attachment and maturity of the chondrocytes on the demineralized bovine bone scaffold. The bovine bone being easily resourced, relatively inexpensive and non toxic has good potential for use as a three dimensional construct in cartilage tissue engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering/methods*
  14. The influence of topography on tissue engineering perspective
    Mansouri N, SamiraBagheri
    Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2016 Apr 1;61:906-21.
    PMID: 26838922 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2015.12.094
    The actual in vivo tissue scaffold offers a three-dimensional (3D) structural support along with a nano-textured surfaces consist of a fibrous network in order to deliver cell adhesion and signaling. A scaffold is required, until the tissue is entirely regenerated or restored, to act as a temporary ingrowth template for cell proliferation and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. This review depicts some of the most significant three dimensional structure materials used as scaffolds in various tissue engineering application fields currently being employed to mimic in vivo features. Accordingly, some of the researchers' attempts have envisioned utilizing graphene for the fabrication of porous and flexible 3D scaffolds. The main focus of this paper is to evaluate the topographical and topological optimization of scaffolds for tissue engineering applications in order to improve scaffolds' mechanical performances.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering*
  15. The fundamentals of tissue engineering: new scaffolds
    Di Silvio L, Gurav N, Sambrook R
    Med J Malaysia, 2004 May;59 Suppl B:89-90.
    PMID: 15468832
    The ability to regenerate new bone for skeletal use is a major clinical need. In this study, two novel porous calcium phosphate materials pure HA and biphasic HA/beta-Tricalcium phosphate (HA/beta -TCP) were evaluated as potential scaffolds for cell-seeded bone substitutes using human osteoblast-like cells (HOS) and primary human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). A high rate of proliferation was observed on both scaffolds. A greater increase in alkaline phosphatase (ALP- an indicator of osteoblast differentiation) was observed on HA/beta -TCP compared to HA. This observation indicates that HA/TCP may play a role in inducing osteoblastic differentiation. Although further evaluation is required both materials show potential as innovative synthetic substitutes for tissue engineered scaffolds.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering/standards*
  16. Full-thickness skin wound healing using autologous keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts with fibrin: bilayered versus single-layered substitute
    Idrus RB, Rameli MA, Low KC, Law JX, Chua KH, Latiff MB, et al.
    Adv Skin Wound Care, 2014 Apr;27(4):171-80.
    PMID: 24637651 DOI: 10.1097/01.ASW.0000445199.26874.9d
    Split-skin grafting (SSG) is the gold standard treatment for full-thickness skin defects. For certain patients, however, an extensive skin lesion resulted in inadequacies of the donor site. Tissue engineering offers an alternative approach by using a very small portion of an individual's skin to harvest cells for propagation and biomaterials to support the cells for implantation. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of autologous bilayered tissue-engineered skin (BTES) and single-layer tissue-engineered skin composed of only keratinocytes (SLTES-K) or fibroblasts (SLTES-F) as alternatives for full-thickness wound healing in a sheep model. Full-thickness skin biopsies were harvested from adult sheep. Isolated fibroblasts were cultured using medium Ham's F12: Dulbecco modified Eagle medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum, whereas the keratinocytes were cultured using Define Keratinocytes Serum Free Medium. The BTES, SLTES-K, and SLTES-F were constructed using autologous fibrin as a biomaterial. Eight full-thickness wounds were created on the dorsum of the body of the sheep. On 4 wounds, polyvinyl chloride rings were used as chambers to prevent cell migration at the edge. The wounds were observed at days 7, 14, and 21. After 3 weeks of implantation, the sheep were euthanized and the skins were harvested. The excised tissues were fixed in formalin for histological examination via hematoxylin-eosin, Masson trichrome, and elastin van Gieson staining. The results showed that BTES, SLTES-K, and SLTES-F promote wound healing in nonchambered and chambered wounds, and BTES demonstrated the best healing potential. In conclusion, BTES proved to be an effective tissue-engineered construct that can promote the healing of full-thickness skin lesions. With the support of further clinical trials, this procedure could be an alternative to SSG for patients with partial- and full-thickness burns.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering/methods*
  17. Formation of in vivo tissue engineered human hyaline cartilage in the shape of a trachea with internal support
    Ruszymah BH, Chua K, Latif MA, Hussein FN, Saim AB
    Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2005 Nov;69(11):1489-95.
    PMID: 15941595
    Treatment and management of congenital as well as post-traumatic trachea stenosis remains a challenge in pediatric surgery. The aim of this study was to reconstruct a trachea with human nasal septum chondrocytes by using the combination of biodegradable hydrogel and non-biodegradable high-density polyethylene (HDP) as the internal predetermined shape scaffold.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering/methods*
  18. Pore interconnectivity analysis of porous three dimensional scaffolds of poly (3-Hydroxybutyric Acid) (PHB) and Poly(3-Hydroxybutyric-co-3-Hydroxyvaleric Acid) (PHBV) through non-invasive color staining method
    Athanasios Mantalaris, Alexander Bismarck, Saiful Irwan Zubairi
    Sains Malaysiana, 2015;44:1351-1356.
    Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) has been investigated for more than eighty years. Ever since then, the scientists are kept on synthesizing and developing new polymers and application to suit human interests nowadays. The resourcefulness of PHAs has made them a good candidates for the study of their potential in a variety of areas from biomedical/medical fields to food, packaging, textile and household material. In medical field (specifically in tissue engineering application), producing a biocompatible 3-D scaffold with adaptable physical properties are essential. However, to the best of our knowledge, scaffolds from PHB and PHBV with thickness greater than 1 mm have not been produced yet. In this work, PHB and PHBV porous 3-D scaffolds with an improved thickness greater than 4 mm was fabricated using conventional method of solvent-casting particulate-leaching (SCPL). A preliminary assessment on the improved thickness 3-D scaffolds was carried out to examine its pore interconnectivity by using non-invasive color staining method. The vertical cross sections image of the stained scaffolds was analyzed by image analyzer software. This technique was considered simple, fast and cost effective method prior to the usage of super accurate analytical instruments (micro-computed tomography). The results showed that over 80% of the pores have been interconnected with the adjacent pores. Moreover, there was a good correlation between the predicted pore interconnectivity and porosity. These results indicated how well a simple technique can do by giving an overview of the internal morphology of a porous 3-D structure material.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering
  19. The evaluation of cartilage differentiations using transforming growth factor beta3 alone and with combination of bone morphogenetic protein-6 on adult stem cells
    Ude CC, Chen HC, Norhamdan MY, Azizi BM, Aminuddin BS, Ruszymah BHI
    Cell Tissue Bank, 2017 Sep;18(3):355-367.
    PMID: 28667462 DOI: 10.1007/s10561-017-9638-1
    In our quest to standardize our formula for a clinical trial, transforming growth factor-beta3 (TGF-β3) alone and in combination with bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6) were evaluated for their effectiveness in cartilage differentiation. Bone Marrow Stem Cells (BMSCs) and Adipose Derived Stem Cells (ADSCs) were induced to chondrogenic lineage using two different media. Native chondrocytes served as positive control. ADSCs and BMSCs proved multipotency by tri-lineage differentiations. ADSC has significantly higher growth kinetics compare to Chondrocyte only p ≤ 0.05. Using TGF-β3 alone, BMSC revealed higher expressions for hyaline cartilage genes compare to ADSCs. Chondrocyte has significantly higher early chondrogenic markers expression to ADSCs and BMSCs, while BMSCs was only higher to ADSC at chondroadherin, p ≤ 0.0001. On mature chondrogenic markers, chondrocytes were significantly higher to ADSCs and BMSCs for aggrecan, collagen IX, sry (sex determining region y)-box9, collagen II and fibromodullin; and only to ADSC for collagen XI. BMSC was higher to ADSC for aggrecan and collagen IX, p ≤ 0.0001. The combination of TGF-β3 + BMP-6 revealed increased gene expressions on both BMSCs and ADSCs for early and mature chondrogenic markers, but no significance difference. For dedifferentiation markers, ADSC was significantly higher to chondrocyte for collagen I. Glycosaminoglycan evaluations with both formulas revealed that chondrocytes were significantly higher to ADSCs and BMSCs, but none was significant to each other, p ≤ 0.0001. Combination of 10 ng TGF-β3 with 10 ng of BMP-6 enhanced chondrogenic potentials of BMSCs and ADSCs compare to TGF-β3 alone. This could be the ideal cocktail for either cell's chondrogenic induction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering
  20. Cytotoxic evaluation of biomechanically improved crosslinked ovine collagen on human dermal fibroblasts
    Awang MA, Firdaus MA, Busra MB, Chowdhury SR, Fadilah NR, Wan Hamirul WK, et al.
    Biomed Mater Eng, 2014;24(4):1715-24.
    PMID: 24948455 DOI: 10.3233/BME-140983
    Earlier studies in our laboratory demonstrated that collagen extracted from ovine tendon is biocompatible towards human dermal fibroblast. To be able to use this collagen as a scaffold in skin tissue engineering, a mechanically stronger scaffold is required that can withstand manipulation before transplantation. This study was conducted to improve the mechanical strength of this collagen sponge using chemical crosslinkers, and evaluate their effect on physical, chemical and biocompatible properties. Collagen sponge was crosslinked with 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide (EDC) and glutaraldehyde (GA). Tensile test, FTIR study and mercury porosimetry were used to evaluate mechanical properties, chemical property and porosity, respectively. MTT assay was performed to evaluate the cytotoxic effect of crosslinked collagen sponge on human dermal fibroblasts. The FTIR study confirmed the successful crosslinking of collagen sponge. Crosslinking with EDC and GA significantly increased the mechanical strength of collagen sponge, with GA being more superior. Crosslinking of collagen sponge significantly reduced the porosity and the effect was predominant in GA-crosslinked collagen sponge. The GA-crosslinked collagen showed significantly lower, 60% cell viability towards human dermal fibroblasts compared to that of EDC-crosslinked collagen, 80% and non-crosslinked collagen, 100%. Although the mechanical strength was better when using GA but the more toxic effect on dermal fibroblast makes EDC a more suitable crosslinker for future skin tissue engineering.
    Matched MeSH terms: Tissue Engineering
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