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Fulltext Cohort comparisons: emotional well-being among adolescents and older adults

Momtaz YA, Hamid TA, Ibrahim R

Clin Interv Aging, 2014;9:813-9.
PMID: 24872683 DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S61636

There are several negative stereotypes about older adults that have negatively influenced people's attitude about aging. The present study compared emotional well-being between older adults and adolescents.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged/psychology
Fulltext Association between the C34T polymorphism of the AMPD1 gene and essential hypertension in Malaysian patients

Nemati R, Lu J, Ramachandran V, Etemad A, Heidari M, Yahya MJ, et al.

Genet. Mol. Res., 2016 Jun 20;15(2).
PMID: 27323204 DOI: 10.4238/gmr.15026241

The aim of this study was to determine whether C34T, a common polymorphism of the adenosine monophosphate deaminase 1 gene (AMPD1), is associated with essential hypertension (EH). We hypothesize that C34T is associated with the development of EH. A case-control design was used for this study. The DNA was extracted using a commercial kit from the whole blood of 200 patients with hypertension and 200 subjects without hypertension from selected Malaysian ethnicities (Malays, Chinese, and Indians). Polymerase chain reaction followed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and agarose gel electrophoresis were used for genotyping. The C34T gene polymorphism of AMPD1 was significantly associated with EH in the Malaysian subjects (P < 0.0001). The genotype frequencies of CC, CT, and TT were 6%, 79%, and 15%, respectively, among hypertensive subjects, while no TT genotypes were observed in the normotensive subjects. Further, the frequency of hypertension was higher among T allele carriers than C carriers (OD = 9.94; 95%CI = 6.851-14.434). There were significant differences in the systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure (P ˂ 0.05) between the normotensive and hypertensive Malaysian subjects; we believe those difference were caused by the C34T polymorphism. For the first time in Malaysia, the current study provides evidence that a common polymorphism of the AMPD1 gene (C34T) is strongly associated with EH.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Pulmonary melioidosis presenting with pleural effusion: A case report and review of literature

Soo CI, Abdul Wahab S, Abdul Hamid F

Respir Med Case Rep, 2015;16:54-6.
PMID: 26744655 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmcr.2015.07.005

Melioidosis is a serious infection, which can involve multiple systems. We report a case of pulmonary melioidosis with the initial presentation mimicking a partially treated pneumonia complicated by right-sided pleural effusion. The patient is a 49-year old man who did not respond to parenteral ceftriaxone and tazobactam/piperacillin therapy. However, upon culture and sensitivity results from blood and pleural samples isolated Burkholderia pseudomallei; antimicrobial therapy was de-escalated to parenteral ceftazidime. Within 72 h duration, his fever subsided and other respiratory symptoms improved tremendously. This case highlights the importance of early recognition of B. pseudomallei in pulmonary infection in order for prompt institution of appropriate antibiotics treatment; thus reducing morbidity and mortality.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext KAP among doctors working in hospitals, regarding halal pharmaceuticals; a cross sectional assessment

Sadeeqa S, Sarriff A, Masood I, Atif M, Farooqui M

Acta Pol Pharm, 2015;72(3):615-24.
PMID: 26642670

There is a growing awareness amongst Muslims to avoid all items containing non-Halal ingredients. This sentiment has now progressed into the field of various medications. It therefore, required a study to assess the knowledge, attitude and perception (KAP) relating to pharmaceuticals containing non-Halal ingredients among doctors working in various hospitals of Malaysia. This was a cross sectional study, carried out in January 2013-February 2013 period, using a structured, self-administered questionnaires. Study settings included various government hospitals in Malaysia. Data were collected by distributing questionnaires through respective heads of the departments. Study was conducted on a sample of 243 participants. Inclusion criterion was a registered medical doctor working in a government hospital. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency, percentage, median, inter quartile range) was applied to summarize the data, non-parametric tests were applied. χ2 Test and Fisher's Exact Test were applied to assess the association between demographic characteristics and knowledge, attitude and perception scores. Results revealed that the hospital doctors had a good and positive attitude and perception about Halal pharmaceuticals. Mean knowledge score out of maximum possible 9 score was 7.67 ± 1.68. Mean attitude score out of maximum possible 45 score was 34.10 ± 5.35 while mean perception score out of maximum possible 55 score was 45.73 ± 5.44. Mean overall KAP score out of maximum possible 109 was 87.60 ± 10.37. There was a significant, positive and weak correlation (0.20-0.29) between knowledge and attitude (r = 0.231, p < 0.001) as well as between knowledge and perception (r = 0.209, p = 0.001) while there was good correlation (0.5-0.75) between attitude and perception (r = 0.588, p < 0.001). It is concluded from the results that the better knowledge the respondents have on Halal pharmaceuticals the better is their perception and attitude towards Halal pharmaceuticals.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Masculinities and ethnicities: Ethnic differences in drive for muscularity in British men and the negotiation of masculinity hierarchies

Swami V

Br J Psychol, 2016 Aug;107(3):577-92.
PMID: 26592864 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12162

Although relatively little is known about ethnic differences in men's drive for muscularity, recent theoretical developments suggest that ethnic minority men may desire greater muscularity to contest their positions of relative subordinate masculinity. This study tested this hypothesis in a sample of 185 White, 180 Black British, and 182 South Asian British men. Participants completed self-report measures of drive for muscularity, need for power, adherence to traditional cultural values, and ethnic group affiliation. Taking into account between-group differences in body mass index, results indicated that White men had significantly lower drive for muscularity than Black and South Asian men, who were not significantly different from each other. In addition, greater need for power was significantly associated with higher drive for muscularity in ethnic minority, but not White, men. Greater adherence to traditional cultural values, but not ethnic group affiliation, was associated with lower drive for muscularity in all ethnic groups. These results suggest that ethnic minority men may desire greater muscularity as a means of negotiating masculinity and attendant ideals of appearance.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext A comparison of 1995 WHO classification with 2003 ISN/RPS classification of lupus nephritis: a single centre observation

Chow TK, Looi LM, Cheah PL

Malays J Pathol, 2015 Dec;37(3):239-46.
PMID: 26712669

BACKGROUND: In the past, lupus nephritis was histologically classified according to the 1995 WHO Classification. With the introduction of the 2003 ISN/RPS Classification, many nephropathology services converted to this new classification. This study was undertaken to compare both classification systems in a single centre practice.
METHODS: 103 consecutive adequate renal biopsies initially reported as lupus nephritis in the Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya were reassessed using the criteria of both the 1995 WHO Classification and the 2003 ISN/ RPS Classification.
RESULTS: The relative prevalence for each class using the WHO Classification were: Class I (1%), Class II (8.7%), Class III (6.8%), Class IV (60.2%), Class V (20.4%), Class VI (2.9%) while the prevalence using the 2003 ISN/RPS Classification were: Class I (1%), Class II (8.7%), Class III (6.8%), Class IV (61.2%), Class V (21.3%), Class VI (1%). Both classifications were essentially comparable with regards to Classes I, II and III. The differences in Classes IV, V and VI were significant in potential to alter patient management. The identification of segmental lesions (Class IV-S) over and above a global nephritis (Class IV-G) deserves more focused clinicopathological studies to gauge whether these groups have different clinical manifestations and outcomes. With regards Class V, the ISN/RPS system, by requiring that all mixed classes be stipulated in the diagnostic line, minimizes the chances of patients missing out on additional treatment. The ISN/ RPS system has stricter criteria for Class VI, which again minimizes patients missing out on therapy. On the whole, the ISN/RPS system is more user-friendly as criteria are more clearly defined which translates to more benefits to patient care.
Study site: Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Ultra Long Construct Minimally Invasive Spinal Stabilization Using Percutaneous Pedicle Screws in the Treatment of Symptomatic Multicentric Spinal Metastasis

Lee CK, Chan CY, Kwan MK

Asian Spine J, 2015 Dec;9(6):962-5.
PMID: 26713131 DOI: 10.4184/asj.2015.9.6.962

Managing multiple level spinal metastases is challenging. We report the case of a 58-year-old female with advanced lung cancer who presented with multiple pathological fractures of the thoracic spine (T5, T6, T7, and T8 vertebrae). She was treated with palliative radiotherapy. Her resting pain improved, but the instability pain persisted. One month later, she had a trivial fall leading to a pathological fracture of the L2 vertebra with cauda equine syndrome. The patient was treated surgically with minimally invasive decompression of the L2 and with percutaneous instrumented stabilization using an ultra-long construct from T3 to L5 (15 spinal levels), spanning the previously radiated zone and the decompression site. Postoperatively, she had significant improvements in pain and neurology. There were no surgical complications. Ultra long construct minimally invasive spinal stabilization is the ideal approach for symptomatic multicentric spinal metastasis with poor prognostic scores. Using this technique, the goals of spinal stabilization and direct neural decompression can be achieved with minimal morbidity.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Axial Segmental Coordination During Turning: Effects of Stroke and Attentional Loadings

Manaf H, Justine M, Goh HT

Motor Control, 2017 Jan;21(1):42-57.
PMID: 26595318 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2015-0040

Attentional loadings deteriorate straight walking performance for individuals poststroke, but its effects on turning while walking remain to be determined. Here we compared turning kinematics under three attentional loading conditions (single, dual-motor, and dual-cognitive task) between stroke survivors and healthy controls. Nine chronic stroke survivors and 10 healthy controls performed the Timed Upand- Go test while their full-body kinematics were recorded. Onset times of yaw rotation of the head, thorax and pelvis segments and head anticipation distance were used to quantify turning coordination. Results showed that stroke survivors reoriented their body segments much earlier than the controls, but they preserved the similar segmental reorientation sequence under the single-task condition. For the healthy controls, attentional loading led to an earlier axial segment reorientation, but the reorientation sequence was preserved. In contrast, the dual-cognitive task condition led to a disrupted reorientation sequence in stroke. The results indicate that turning coordination was altered in individuals poststroke, especially under the dual-task interference.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Leprosy in Sarawak, Borneo: a 5 year review from 2008 to 2012

Ling HN

Lepr Rev, 2014 Dec;85(4):332-5.
PMID: 25675658
Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Hearing loss: a global health issue

Looi LM, Ganten D, McGrath PF, Gross M, Griffin GE

Lancet, 2015 Mar 14;385(9972):943-4.
PMID: 25743174 DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(15)60208-2
Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Relationship between performance barriers and pharmacist competency towards the implementation of an expanded public health pharmacy role

Mathialagan A, Nagalinggam P, Mathialagan S, Kirby BP

Int J Pharm Pract, 2015 Oct;23(5):320-6.
PMID: 25582973 DOI: 10.1111/ijpp.12170

The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between performance barriers and competency, and implementation of an expanded public health role for community pharmacists.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext The structure of clinical consultation: a case of non-native speakers of English as participants

Bagheri H, Ibrahim NA, Habil H

Glob J Health Sci, 2015;7(1):249-60.
PMID: 25560336 DOI: 10.5539/gjhs.v7n1p249

In many parts of the world, patients may find it difficult to visit doctors who share the same language and culture due to the intermingling of people and international recruitment of doctors among many other reasons. In these multilingual multicultural settings (MMSs), doctor-patient interactions face new communication challenges. This study aims to identify the structure of clinical consultation and its phases in an MMS where both doctors and patients are non-native speakers (NNSs) of English.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Completed suicides and self-harm in Malaysia: a systematic review

Armitage CJ, Panagioti M, Abdul Rahim W, Rowe R, O'Connor RC

Gen Hosp Psychiatry, 2015 Mar-Apr;37(2):153-65.
PMID: 25636361 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2014.12.002

Most of the research into suicide and self-harm has been conducted in the United States and Europe, yet the volume of research does not reflect the distribution of suicide globally, with Asia accounting for up to 60% of all suicides. The present study systematically reviews the literature to assess the prevalence and correlates of suicidal acts in Malaysia in Southeast Asia.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Comparative study between Dermo, Pelite, and Seal-In X5 liners: effect on patient's satisfaction and perceived problems

Ali S, Abu Osman NA, Arifin N, Gholizadeh H, Abd Razak NA, Abas WA

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:769810.
PMID: 25184154 DOI: 10.1155/2014/769810

This study aimed to compare the effect of satisfaction and perceived problems between Pelite, Dermo with shuttle lock, and Seal-In X5 liners on the transtibial amputees.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Maxillary Sinus Mucopyocele in a Fifty-eight-year-old man: A Possible Late Complication of Irradiation to Head and Neck

Sharouny H, Narayanan P

Iran Red Crescent Med J, 2014 Jul;16(7):e17133.
PMID: 25237579 DOI: 10.5812/ircmj.17133

INTRODUCTION: A mucocele is an epithelial-lined, mucus-containing sac that can fill the sinus completely and expand gradually. Mucopyocele is an infected mucocele.
CASE REPORT: We presented a case of left maxillary mucopyocele in a 58-year-old man that developed after radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Computed tomography scan showed opacification of the left maxillary sinus expanding through the medial wall of the antrum with thinning and destruction of the adjacent structures. Endoscopic marsupialization of the lesion and left partial maxillectomy were performed. The cystic mass had yellowish thick mucopurulent fluid that was completely drained.
CONCLUSIONS: A few cases of sphenoid sinus mucocele as a late complication of radiation therapy have been reported. Maxillary mucocele and mucopyocele can be considered as one of the late complications of radiotherapy to head and neck as a result of occlusion of sinus ostia by scarred mucosa.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Reliability and validity of the Nigerian (Hausa) version of the Stroke Impact Scale (SIS) 3.0 index

Mohammad AH, Al-Sadat N, Siew Yim L, Chinna K

Biomed Res Int, 2014;2014:302097.
PMID: 25276774 DOI: 10.1155/2014/302097

This study aims to test the translated Hausa version of the stroke impact scale SIS (3.0) and further evaluate its psychometric properties. The SIS 3.0 was translated from English into Hausa and was tested for its reliability and validity on a stratified random sample adult stroke survivors attending rehabilitation services at stroke referral hospitals in Kano, Nigeria. Psychometric analysis of the Hausa-SIS 3.0 involved face, content, criterion, and construct validity tests as well as internal and test-retest reliability. In reliability analyses, the Cronbach's alpha values for the items in Strength, Hand function, Mobility, ADL/IADL, Memory and thinking, Communication, Emotion, and Social participation domains were 0.80, 0.92, 0.90, 0.78, 0.84, 0.89, 0.58, and 0.74, respectively. There are 8 domains in stroke impact scale 3.0 in confirmatory factory analysis; some of the items in the Hausa-SIS questionnaire have to be dropped due to lack of discriminate validity. In the final analysis, a parsimonious model was obtained with two items per construct for the 8 constructs (Chi-square/df < 3, TLI and CFI > 0.9, and RMSEA < 0.08). Cross validation with 1000 bootstrap samples gave a satisfactory result (P = 0.011). In conclusion, the shorter 16-item Hausa-SIS seems to measure adequately the QOL outcomes in the 8 domains.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Cardiovascular risk and events in 17 low-, middle-, and high-income countries

Yusuf S, Rangarajan S, Teo K, Islam S, Li W, Liu L, et al.

N Engl J Med, 2014 08 28;371(9):818-27.
PMID: 25162888 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1311890

BACKGROUND: More than 80% of deaths from cardiovascular disease are estimated to occur in low-income and middle-income countries, but the reasons are unknown.
METHODS: We enrolled 156,424 persons from 628 urban and rural communities in 17 countries (3 high-income, 10 middle-income, and 4 low-income countries) and assessed their cardiovascular risk using the INTERHEART Risk Score, a validated score for quantifying risk-factor burden without the use of laboratory testing (with higher scores indicating greater risk-factor burden). Participants were followed for incident cardiovascular disease and death for a mean of 4.1 years.
RESULTS: The mean INTERHEART Risk Score was highest in high-income countries, intermediate in middle-income countries, and lowest in low-income countries (P<0.001). However, the rates of major cardiovascular events (death from cardiovascular causes, myocardial infarction, stroke, or heart failure) were lower in high-income countries than in middle- and low-income countries (3.99 events per 1000 person-years vs. 5.38 and 6.43 events per 1000 person-years, respectively; P<0.001). Case fatality rates were also lowest in high-income countries (6.5%, 15.9%, and 17.3% in high-, middle-, and low-income countries, respectively; P=0.01). Urban communities had a higher risk-factor burden than rural communities but lower rates of cardiovascular events (4.83 vs. 6.25 events per 1000 person-years, P<0.001) and case fatality rates (13.52% vs. 17.25%, P<0.001). The use of preventive medications and revascularization procedures was significantly more common in high-income countries than in middle- or low-income countries (P<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: Although the risk-factor burden was lowest in low-income countries, the rates of major cardiovascular disease and death were substantially higher in low-income countries than in high-income countries. The high burden of risk factors in high-income countries may have been mitigated by better control of risk factors and more frequent use of proven pharmacologic therapies and revascularization. (Funded by the Population Health Research Institute and others.).
Note: Malaysia is a study site (Author: Yusoff K)

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
General Theory versus ENA Theory: Comparing Their Predictive Accuracy and Scope

Ellis L, Hoskin A, Hartley R, Walsh A, Widmayer A, Ratnasingam M

Int J Offender Ther Comp Criminol, 2015 Dec;59(13):1429-58.
PMID: 25063685 DOI: 10.1177/0306624X14543263

General theory attributes criminal behavior primarily to low self-control, whereas evolutionary neuroandrogenic (ENA) theory envisions criminality as being a crude form of status-striving promoted by high brain exposure to androgens. General theory predicts that self-control will be negatively correlated with risk-taking, while ENA theory implies that these two variables should actually be positively correlated. According to ENA theory, traits such as pain tolerance and muscularity will be positively associated with risk-taking and criminality while general theory makes no predictions concerning these relationships. Data from Malaysia and the United States are used to test 10 hypotheses derived from one or both of these theories. As predicted by both theories, risk-taking was positively correlated with criminality in both countries. However, contrary to general theory and consistent with ENA theory, the correlation between self-control and risk-taking was positive in both countries. General theory's prediction of an inverse correlation between low self-control and criminality was largely supported by the U.S. data but only weakly supported by the Malaysian data. ENA theory's predictions of positive correlations between pain tolerance, muscularity, and offending were largely confirmed. For the 10 hypotheses tested, ENA theory surpassed general theory in predictive scope and accuracy.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Postural stability characteristics of transtibial amputees wearing different prosthetic foot types when standing on various support surfaces

Arifin N, Abu Osman NA, Ali S, Gholizadeh H, Abas WA

ScientificWorldJournal, 2014;2014:856279.
PMID: 25003155 DOI: 10.1155/2014/856279

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of prosthetic foot types on the postural stability among transtibial amputees when standing on different support surfaces.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged
Fulltext Endoscopic transmaxillary drainage of an infratemporal fossa abscess

Sundaram SS, Rajan P, Balasubramanian A

BMJ Case Rep, 2014;2014.
PMID: 24980993 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2013-200637

Infratemporal fossa abscess is a rare and challenging condition to diagnose and manage. A few reported cases have been mostly due to odontogenic infections and were managed by external or intraoral drainage. This is the first reported case of an infratemporal fossa abscess that was successfully managed by endoscopic drainage via a transmaxillary approach.

Matched MeSH terms: Middle Aged

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