Displaying publications 721 - 740 of 4000 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fauzi NA, Farid MM, Silva F
    J Food Sci Technol, 2017 Mar;54(3):802-809.
    PMID: 28298695 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2526-7
    This paper investigates the effect of high pressure liquid food compressibility onS. cerevisaeinactivation. Honey with various adjusted sugar with different values of compressibility was selected as a model food.S. cerevisiaecells in different honey concentrations (0-80°Brix), 600 MPa (at ambient temperature) showed an increasing resistance to inactivation with increasing °Brix.D-values ofS. cerevisiaeat 200, 400 and 600 MPa, for 20 min/80°Brix were 136.99 ± 7.97, 29.24 ± 6.44 and 23.47 ± 0.86 min, respectively. TheseD-values resulted the Z
    p
    -value of 526 ± 39 MPa. A significant correlation (p 
  2. Othman SA, Aidil Koay NA
    Sci Rep, 2016 08 10;6:31335.
    PMID: 27507713 DOI: 10.1038/srep31335
    We analyzed the facial features of Chinese children with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and compared them with a normal control group using a three-dimensional (3D) stereophotogrammetry camera. This cross-sectional study examined 3D measurements of the facial surfaces of 20 Chinese children with repaired UCLP and 40 unaffected Chinese children aged 7 to 12 years old, which were captured using the VECTRA 3D five-pod photosystem and analyzed using Mirror software. Twenty-five variables and two ratios were compared between both groups using independent t-test. Intra- and inter-observer reliability was determined using ten randomly selected images and analyzed using intra-class correlation coefficient test (ICC). The level of significance was set at p 
  3. Norhayati MN, Masseni AA, Azlina I
    PeerJ, 2017;5:e2983.
    PMID: 28243527 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2983
    BACKGROUND: The outcomes of the physician-patient discussion intervene in the satisfaction of cardiovascular disease risk patients. Adherence to treatment, provision of continuous care, clinical management of the illness and patients' adjustment are influenced by satisfaction with physician-patient interaction. This study aims to determine the patient satisfaction with doctor-patient interaction and over six months after following prevention counselling, its associations with modifiable cardiovascular risk factors amongst moderately-high risk patients in a primary healthcare clinic in Kelantan, Malaysia.
    METHODS: A prospective survey was conducted amongst patients with moderately-high cardiovascular risk. A total of 104 moderately-high risk patients were recruited and underwent structured prevention counselling based on the World Health Organization guideline, and their satisfaction with the doctor-patient interaction was assessed using 'Skala Kepuasan Interaksi Perubatan-11,' the Malay version of the Medical Interview Satisfaction Scale-21. Systolic blood pressure, total cholesterol and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were measured at baseline and at a follow-up visit at six months. Descriptive analysis, paired t test and linear regression analyses were performed.
    RESULTS: A total of 102 patients responded, giving a response rate of 98.1%. At baseline, 76.5% of the respondents were satisfied with the relation with their doctor, with the favourable domain of distress relief (85.3%) and rapport/confidence (91.2%). The unfavourable domain was interaction outcome, with satisfaction in only 67.6% of the respondents. Between the two visits, changes had occurred in total cholesterol (P = 0.022) and in systolic blood pressure (P 
  4. Abrahim NN, Abdul-Rahman PS, Aminudin N
    PeerJ, 2018;6:e5694.
    PMID: 30324012 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.5694
    Leaves from three varieties of Ficus deltoidea, colloquially termed small- (FDS), medium- (FDM), and big-type leaf (FDB), were subjected to water extraction. The crude extracts were fractionated using water (WF) and ethyl acetate (EAF). The phenolic and flavonoid content, antioxidant activity, and cytotoxicity of the fractions were investigated. The EAF had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content compared to the other FDS fractions. Conversely, the FDM crude extract had the highest phenolic and flavonoid content compared to the other FDM samples. Antioxidant activity was highest in the FDB crude extract. Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography showed that two compounds, vitexin and coumaric acid, were present in the FDB crude extract. Additionally, the F. deltoidea leaves caused no signs of toxicity in a normal liver cell line. Our findings show that F. deltoidea varieties have excellent antioxidant activity with no cytotoxic effects on normal liver cells.
  5. Nurul Husna Che Hassan, Noor Syuhadah Subki, Ahmad Rasdan Ismail, Noor Adilah Hamzah, Nor Kamilah Makhtar, Muhammad Azwadi Sulaiman, et al.
    MyJurnal
    Road Safety remainsone the most important issuesaffecting educational institutions especiallythe school. The
    prevalence of road accidentsin recent news reportsunderlines the importance of this issue. Such accidents involving
    school pupils have further escalated this concern. As such,safety awareness among school teachersis crucial in order
    for them to identify the suitable methods to prevent more road accidents in future. This study was conducted to
    analyse teachers’ awareness of road safety in school to gauge the training requirementson road safety. Road safety
    education and training in school is just as important as improving safety for road users outside schools. For this
    study, a set of survey questionnaire wasdistributedto 400 school teachers from 111 schools randomly selected from
    the 10 District Education Offices in Kelantan. Results were then analysed using Statistical Package for the Social
    Sciences (SPSS). From the results, 40% of respondentswere male and 60% of them were female. Descriptive analysis
    showed that school teachers understood road safety as 90% of them possessed basic safety knowledge, while 10% of
    them lacked basicknowledge on road safety. However, they did not implement safety practice that may have
    contributed to unfortunate eventshappening outside of school including road accidents as reported in the news. This
    study suggests that school teachers must undergo road safety training to promote and improve road safety in
    school.With higher awareness and more information about the road safety, the teacherscould create a safer
    environment in their school. Undoubtedly, teachers have a vital roleto ensure safety of their pupils and their
    commitment will likely reduce the number of road accidents.
  6. Sawalmeh A, Othman NS, Shakhatreh H
    Sensors (Basel), 2018 Oct 26;18(11).
    PMID: 30373204 DOI: 10.3390/s18113640
    In this paper, the efficient 3D placement of UAV as an aerial base station in providing wireless coverage for users in a small and large coverage area is investigated. In the case of providing wireless coverage for outdoor and indoor users in a small area, the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) and K-means with Ternary Search (KTS) algorithms are invoked to find an efficient 3D location of a single UAV with the objective of minimizing its required transmit power. It was observed that a single UAV at the 3D location found using the PSO algorithm requires less transmit power, by a factor of 1/5 compared to that when using the KTS algorithm. In the case of providing wireless coverage for users in three different shapes of a large coverage area, namely square, rectangle and circular regions, the problems of finding an efficient placement of multiple UAVs equipped with a directional antenna are formulated with the objective to maximize the coverage area and coverage density using the Circle Packing Theory (CPT). Then, the UAV efficient altitude placement is formulated with the objective of minimizing its required transmit power. It is observed that the large number of UAVs does not necessarily result in the maximum coverage density. Based on the simulation results, the deployment of 16, 19 and 26 UAVs is capable of providing the maximum coverage density of 78.5%, 82.5% and 80.3% for the case of a square region with the dimensions of 2 km × 2 km, a rectangle region with the dimensions of 6 km × 1.8 km and a circular region with the radius of 1.125 km, respectively. These observations are obtained when the UAVs are located at the optimum altitude, where the required transmit power for each UAV is reasonably small.
  7. Ahmed S, Abd Manaf NH, Islam R
    Int J Health Care Qual Assur, 2018 Oct 08;31(8):973-987.
    PMID: 30415620 DOI: 10.1108/IJHCQA-07-2017-0138
    PURPOSE: The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) and workforce management on the quality performance of Malaysian hospitals. This paper also investigates the direct and indirect relationships between top management commitment and quality performance of the healthcare organisations in Malaysia.

    DESIGN/METHODOLOGY/APPROACH: This study applied stratified random sampling to collect data from 15 different hospitals in Peninsular Malaysia. The self-administered survey questionnaires were distributed among 673 hospital staff (i.e. doctors, nurses, pharmacists, and medical laboratory technologists) to obtain 335 useful responses with a 49.47 per cent valid response rate. The research data were analysed based on confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modelling by using AMOS version 23 software.

    FINDINGS: The research findings indicated that LSS and workforce management have a significant impact on quality performance of the Malaysian hospitals, whereas senior management commitment was found to have an insignificant relationship with quality performance. The research findings indicate that senior management commitment has no direct significant relationship with quality performance, but it has an indirect significant relationship with quality performance through the mediating effects of LSS and workforce management.

    RESEARCH LIMITATIONS/IMPLICATIONS: This research focussed solely on healthcare organisations in Malaysia and thus the results might not be applicable for other countries as well as other service organisations.

    ORIGINALITY/VALUE: This research provides theoretical, methodological, and practical contributions for the LSS approach and the research findings are expected to provide guidelines to enhance the level of quality performance in healthcare organisations in Malaysia as well as other countries.

  8. Sher HW, Roslee Rajikan, Suzana Shahar, Noor Aini Mohd Yusoff, Lai KL, Safiyyah Abdul Aziz, et al.
    Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is associated with significant morbidity, especially in the development of Alzheimer’s disease and also related to nutritional factors. A pilot study was carried out to determine antioxidant intake and its relation with MCI among elderly people aged between 60 and 74 years in Klang Valley. Subjects were interviewed to obtain socio-demography data and functional status was evaluated using the Instrumental Activities of Daily Living (IADL). Data on food intake was assessed using the diet history questionnaire and food frequency questionnaire, whilst the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) was used to assess depression level. A combination of tests was used to assess cognitive decline, which are Mini-mental State Examination (MMSE), Clock Drawing Test (CDT), and Dementia Rating Scale (DRS). Out of 84 elderly recruited, 70 completed all parts of the study (response rate 83.3%). Mean vitamin E intake was less than the Malaysian RNI (50.0% of RNI for men and 43.0% for women). The incidence of amnestic-MCI (aMCI) was 15.7% among the respondents, while 32.8% were depressed. After adjustment for educational background, beta-carotene intake was found to be significantly (β = 0.325, p<0.05) correlated to cognitive impairment based on CDT scores. The intake levels of antioxidants among subjects were unsatisfactory and beta-carotene intake was related to poor cognitive status based on CDT.
  9. Haque N, Khan IM, Abu Kasim NH
    Cytokine, 2019 08;120:144-154.
    PMID: 31071675 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2019.04.018
    The immunomodulatory properties of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from autologous and allogeneic sources are useful in stimulating tissue regeneration and repair. To obtain a high number of MSCs for transplantation requires extensive in vitro expansion with culture media supplements that can cause xeno-contamination of cells potentially compromising function and clinical outcomes. In this study stem cells from human extracted deciduous teeth (SHED) were cultured in Knockout™ DMEM supplemented with either pooled human serum (pHS) or foetal bovine serum (FBS) to compare their suitability in maintaining immunomodulatory properties of cells during in vitro expansion. No significant difference in cell survival of SHED grown in pHS (pHS-SHED) or FBS (FBS-SHED) was observed when co-cultured with complement, monocytes or lymphocytes. However, significant changes in the expression of sixteen paracrine factors involved in immunomodulation were observed in the supernatants of FBS-SHED co-cultures with monocytes or lymphocytes compared to that in pHS-SHEDs after both 24 and 120 h of incubation. Further analysis of changing protein levels of paracrine factors in co-cultures using biological pathway analysis software predicted upregulation of functions associated with immunogenicity in FBS-SHED and lymphocyte co-cultures compared to pHS-SHED co-cultures. Pathway analysis also predicted significant stimulation of HMGB1 and TREM1 signalling pathways in FBS-SHED co-cultures indicating activation of immune cells and inflammation. Though FBS supplementation does not impact survival of SHED, our combinatorial biological pathway analysis supports the idea that in vitro expansion of SHEDs in pHS provides optimal conditions to minimise xeno-contamination and inflammation and maintain their immunomodulatory properties.
  10. Firdaus F, Ahmad NA, Sahibuddin S
    Sensors (Basel), 2019 Dec 15;19(24).
    PMID: 31847488 DOI: 10.3390/s19245546
    Wireless local area networks (WLAN)-fingerprinting has been highlighted as the preferred technology for indoor positioning due to its accurate positioning and minimal infrastructure cost. However, its accuracy is highly influenced by obstacles that cause fluctuation in the signal strength. Many researchers have modeled static obstacles such as walls and ceilings, but few studies have modeled the people's presence effect (PPE), although the human body has a great impact on signal strength. Therefore, PPE must be addressed to obtain accurate positioning results. Previous research has proposed a model to address this issue, but these studies only considered the direct path signal between the transmitter and the receiver whereas multipath effects such as reflection also have a significant influence on indoor signal propagation. This research proposes an accurate indoor-positioning model by considering people's presence and multipath using ray-tracing, we call it (AIRY). This study proposed two solutions to construct AIRY: an automatic radio map using ray tracing and a constant of people's effect for the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) adaptation. The proposed model was simulated using MATLAB software and tested at Level 3, Menara Razak, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia. A K-nearest-neighbor (KNN) algorithm was used to define a position. The initial accuracy was 2.04 m, which then reduced to 0.57 m after people's presence and multipath effects were considered.
  11. Isa NM, Zulkifli NA, Man S
    Sci Eng Ethics, 2020 02;26(1):309-323.
    PMID: 30830592 DOI: 10.1007/s11948-019-00098-z
    The recent development of CRISPR/Cas9 technology has rekindled the ethical debate concerning human germline modification that has begun decades ago. This inexpensive technology shows tremendous promise in disease prevention strategies, while raising complex ethical concerns about safety and efficacy of the technology, human dignity, tampering with God's creation, and human genetic enhancement. Germline gene editing may result in heritable changes in the human genome, therefore the question of whether it should be allowed requires deep and careful discussion from various perspectives. This paper explores Islamic perspectives on the concerns raised and highlights the ethical principles in Islam that should be taken into consideration when assessing the permissibility of CRISPR/ Cas9-mediated human germline gene editing. As argued in this paper, human germline gene editing would be considered lawful for medical purpose under certain conditions. It should not be applied on humans until the safety and efficacy issues are resolved. Robust ethical guidelines and strict regulations are necessary to preserve human dignity and to prevent premature and misuse of the technology. Maqasid al-shariah's principles of preservation of human life, lineage, and dignity and 'preventing harm takes precedence over securing benefit' are among the guiding principles in assessing the permissibility of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated human germline editing from an Islamic perspective. Further discussions are important to address the controversies as well as to explore the related ethical principles.
  12. Aimie-Salleh N, Malarvili MB, Whittaker AC
    Med Biol Eng Comput, 2019 Jun;57(6):1229-1245.
    PMID: 30734153 DOI: 10.1007/s11517-019-01958-3
    Adverse childhood experiences have been suggested to cause changes in physiological processes and can determine the magnitude of the stress response which might have a significant impact on health later in life. To detect the stress response, biomarkers that represent both the Autonomic Nervous System (ANS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis are proposed. Among the available biomarkers, Heart Rate Variability (HRV) has been proven as a powerful biomarker that represents ANS. Meanwhile, salivary cortisol has been suggested as a biomarker that reflects the HPA axis. Even though many studies used multiple biomarkers to measure the stress response, the results for each biomarker were analyzed separately. Therefore, the objective of this study is to propose a fusion of ANS and HPA axis biomarkers in order to classify the stress response based on adverse childhood experience. Electrocardiograph, blood pressure (BP), pulse rate (PR), and salivary cortisol (SCort) measures were collected from 23 healthy participants; 11 participants had adverse childhood experience while the remaining 12 acted as the no adversity control group. HRV was then computed from the ECG and the HRV features were extracted. Next, the selected HRV features were combined with the other biomarkers using Euclidean distance (ed) and serial fusion, and the performance of the fused features was compared using Support Vector Machine. From the result, HRV-SCort using Euclidean distance achieved the most satisfactory performance with 80.0% accuracy, 83.3% sensitivity, and 78.3% specificity. Furthermore, the performance of the stress response classification of the fused biomarker, HRV-SCort, outperformed that of the single biomarkers: HRV (61% Accuracy), Cort (59.4% Accuracy), BP (78.3% accuracy), and PR (53.3% accuracy). From this study, it was proven that the fused biomarkers that represent both ANS and HPA (HRV-SCort) able to demonstrate a better classification performance in discriminating the stress response. Furthermore, a new approach for classification of stress response using Euclidean distance and SVM named as ed-SVM was proven to be an effective method for the HRV-SCort in classifying the stress response from PASAT. The robustness of this method is crucial in contributing to the effectiveness of the stress response measures and could further be used as an indicator for future health. Graphical abstract ᅟ.
  13. Md Ibrahim NNN, Hashim AM
    Sensors (Basel), 2020 Mar 12;20(6).
    PMID: 32178225 DOI: 10.3390/s20061572
    A biosensor formed by a combination of silicon (Si) micropore and graphene nanohole technology is expected to act as a promising device structure to interrogate single molecule biopolymers, such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). This paper reports a novel technique of using a focused ion beam (FIB) as a tool for direct fabrication of both conical-shaped micropore in Si3N4/Si and a nanohole in graphene to act as a fluidic channel and sensing membrane, respectively. The thinning of thick Si substrate down to 50 µm has been performed prior to a multi-step milling of the conical-shaped micropore with final pore size of 3 µm. A transfer of graphene onto the fabricated conical-shaped micropore with little or no defect was successfully achieved using a newly developed all-dry transfer method. A circular shape graphene nanohole with diameter of about 30 nm was successfully obtained at beam exposure time of 0.1 s. This study opens a breakthrough in fabricating an integrated graphene nanohole and conical-shaped Si micropore structure for biosensor applications.
  14. Noor Sakinah Khalid, Fatin Izyani Mohd Fazli, Noor Kamalia Abd Hamed, Muhammad Luqman Mohd Napi, Fhong SC, Mohd Khairul Ahmad
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:1675-1678.
    Titanium dioxide (TiO2
    ) nanorods and nanoparticles had been successfully done by hydrothermal method and spray
    pyrolysis deposition technique, respectively. Form XRD results, crystallite structure for TiO2
    nanorods is rutile phase
    at 2θ degree 27.5° which corresponded to [110] orientation. Whereas, TiO2
    nanoparticles produced anatase phase at
    2θ degree 25.3° which corresponded to [110] plane. The structure of nanorods and nanoparticles were characterized
    using FESEM. The size of nanorods was in the range of 80 to 100 nm. While, the nanoparticles size was ranging from
    25 to 35 nm. The HeLa cells were grown on those TiO2
    and were observed under fluorescence microscope. The cells
    showed healthy sign of growth on TiO2
    nanorods and nanoparticles substrates. Thus, TiO2
    nanorods and nanoparticles
    are biocompatible to HeLa cells.
  15. Isa NMM, Aziz AFA
    Korean J Fam Med, 2020 Jul;41(4):256-262.
    PMID: 32019295 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.19.0012
    BACKGROUND: Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common among elderly men. However, seeking help for this problem is mostly delayed until complications arise. Primary care clinics serve as the first point of contact for a person's health needs throughout their life. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of LUTS among primary care attendees, and the factors that influence seeking medical intervention at primary care clinics.

    METHODS: Using a universal sampling technique, 460 male patients aged 60 and above visiting an urban based public primary care clinic were recruited. An interviewer administered the questionnaire which used International Prostate Symptoms Score and International Consultation on Incontinence Modular Questionnaire-Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms-Quality of Life.

    RESULTS: The prevalence of any LUTS and clinically significant LUTS were 89.8% and 20.5%, respectively. Among the 385 participants who completed the study, only 41.8% had consulted a doctor for LUTS. Among those with moderate/severe symptoms only 57.6% had sought medical intervention. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the presence of more than two comorbidities (P=0.004; odds ratio [OR], 4.695; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.632-13.508) and quality of life (P=0.002; OR, 1.271; 95% CI, 1.091-1.481) were independent factors significantly associated with seeking help.

    CONCLUSION: Prevalence of LUTS among elderly men undergoing primary care is high, but more than half of the patients had not sought medical attention. Increasing comorbidities and impact on quality of life influenced elderly men with LUTS to seek help.

  16. Embi MN, Ganesan N, Sidek HM
    Drug Discov Ther, 2020 May 06;14(2):107-108.
    PMID: 32321878 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2020.03010
    The recent clinical trial reports pertaining to the efficacy of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against COVID-19 albeit yet to be validated with larger clinical trials, have sparked much interest globally to evaluate whether this anti-malarial drug can be repurposed for the treatment of COVID-19. In addition to its anti-viral activity, the anti-inflammatory activity of chloroquine may also contribute to its efficacy. Based on our data obtained from an animal infection model of melioidosis (a disease caused by the bacteria Burkholderia pseudomallei), treatment with chloroquine can result in the phosphorylation and consequent inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK3β). This serine/threonine protein kinase is now recognised as a point of convergence for host inflammatory response. In view of this, it is plausible that the mechanism for the anti-inflammatory effect of chloroquine against COVID-19 involves inhibition of host GSK3β.
  17. Nurul Shazwani Mohd Zain, Nik Syahirah Aliaa Nik Sharifulden, Nurulakma Zali, Siti Noor Fazliah Mohd Noor, Navaneetha Cugati, Nur Fatihah Nordin
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Chrysanthemum rubellum (durian) flower (CR) is well-known for its usefulness in conventional and advanced medicine. Bioactive glass properties are geared towards hard tissue regeneration. Hence, this study aims to investigate the response of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) when exposed to bioactive glass-chrysanthemum flower ex- tract-conditioned medium. Methods: Chrysanthemum rubellum (durian) yellow coloured petals freeze dried extracts (CRE) was prepared by separation and agitation in distilled water where the final powdery compound was being investigated and combined with melt-derived BG 45S5 powder to produce BGCRE-conditioned medium. The CRE extracts in various concentrations and BGCRE-conditioned medium were exposed to DPSC and the cells responses were assessed using AB and MTT assays. The CRE and BGCRE-conditioned media were also assessed using ICP-OES to check for ionic release profile from both medium. Results: The CRE-conditioned medium (7.81, 15.63, 31.25 and
    62.5 μg/ml) showed a dose-dependent effect towards DPSC from Days 1 until 14. The BGCRE-conditioned medium containing BG powders (1 mg/ml) with the lower amount of CRE extracts (0.02 and 0.1 mg/ml) promoted DPSC via- bility and proliferation rate from Days 1 until 14 based on AB and MTT assays. The BGCRE-conditioned medium has potentially affected the DPSC viability and proliferation. Conclusion: The presence of CRE in BGCRE-conditioned medium enhanced the DPSC viability and proliferation possibly through the combined effect of CRE and BG. This BGCRE combination showed potential as natural medicament for dental tissue regeneration.
  18. Mohd Safee MK, Abu Osman NA
    Occup Ther Int, 2021;2021:4357473.
    PMID: 34707468 DOI: 10.1155/2021/4357473
    Muscle fatigue is a decline in muscle maximum force during contraction and can influence the fall risk among people. This study is aimed at identifying the effect of fatigue on prospective fall risk in transfemoral amputees (TFA). Fourteen subjects were involved in this study with TFA (34.7 ± 8.1 yrs, n = 7) and normal subjects (31.1 ± 7.4 yrs, n = 7). Fatigue of lower limb muscles was induced with the fatigue protocol. Subjects were tested prefatigue and postfatigue using the standardized fall risk assessment. All results were calculated and compared between pre- and postfatigue to identify fatigue's effect on both groups of subjects. The results showed that the fall risk increased significantly during pre- and postfatigue for TFA (p = 0.018), while there were no significant differences in normal subjects (p = 0.149). Meanwhile, the fall risk between TFA and normal subjects for prefatigue (p = 0.082) and postfatigue (p = 0.084) also showed no significant differences. The percentage (%) of increased fall risk for TFA was 19.2% compared to normal subjects only 16.7%. However, 61.4% increased of % fall risk in TFA after fatigue by using the baseline of the normal subject as the normalized % of fall risk. The increasing fall risks for TFA after fatigue are three times higher than the potential fall risk in normal subjects. The result indicates that they need to perform more precautions while prolonging lower limb activities. These results showed the implications of fatigue that can increase the fall risk due to muscle fatigue from repetitive and prolonged activities. Therefore, rehabilitation programs can be done very safely and precisely so that therapists can pursue fitness without aggravating existing injuries.
  19. Rajbanshi S, Norhayati MN, Nik Hazlina NH
    BMC Pregnancy Childbirth, 2021 Aug 04;21(1):539.
    PMID: 34348703 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-021-04018-7
    BACKGROUND: A woman's perception of risk affects her decisions about seeking obstetric care and following prescribed regimens of care. This study explored the perceptions of high-risk pregnancy among women with high-risk factors.

    METHODS: A qualitative study was conducted in the Morang district, Nepal. A phenomenological approach was used. In-depth interviews were conducted with 14 participants. Postpartum women with one risk factor for high-risk pregnancy who non-adhere to referral hospital birth were selected purposively. Thematic analysis was done to generate themes and categories.

    FINDINGS: Two main themes emerged in this study: (i) knowledge and understanding of risk and (ii) normalizing and non-acceptance of risk. The participants had inadequate knowledge of risk in pregnancy and childbirth. Their information source was their personal experiences of risk, witnessing their close relatives, and community incidents. The participants perceived pregnancy as a normal event and did not consider themselves as at risk. They tended to deny risk and perceived that everything was fine with their pregnancy.

    CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study provide a glimpse into how women perceived risk and the reasons that lead them to deny the risks and gave home birth. In the presence of risk factors in pregnancy, some women were not convinced that they were at risk. An antenatal check-up should be utilized as a platform to educate women, explore their intentions, and encourage safer births.

  20. Omar NA, Kumar J, Teoh SL
    Neuropeptides, 2022 Jan 07;92:102226.
    PMID: 35030377 DOI: 10.1016/j.npep.2022.102226
    Neurotrophin is a growth factor that regulates the development and repair of the nervous system. From all factors, two pioneer groups, the nerve growth factor (NGF) and brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), have been widely explored for their role in disease pathogenesis and potential use as therapeutic agents. Nonetheless, neurotrophin-3 (NT3) and neurotrophin-4 (NT4) also have promising potential, albeit less popular than their counterparts. This review focuses on the latter two factors and their roles in the pathogenesis of brain disorders and potential therapies. An extensive literature search of NT3 and NT4 with their receptors, the TrkB and TrkC on the nervous system were extracted and analyzed. We found that NT3 and NT4 are not only involved in the pathogenesis of some neurodegenerative diseases, but also have promising therapeutic potential on injury- and vascular-related nervous system disease, neuropsychiatry, neurodegeneration and peripheral nerve diseases. In conclusion, the role of NT3 and NT4 should be further emphasized, and more studies could be explored on the potential use of these neurotrophins in the human study.
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links