MyMedR

Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) eggs: field survivorship during northern Indiana winters

Hanson SM, Craig GB

J Med Entomol, 1995 Sep;32(5):599-604.

Aedes albopictus (Skuse) is an Asian mosquito that recently has colonized North America via used tire transport. Temperate Ae. albopictus populations overwinter as diapausing eggs, but tropical populations cannot diapause. Eggs of tropical (SABAH) and temperate (INDY) Ae. albopictus were obtained in diapause-inducing conditions and placed inside a scrap tire to monitor overwintering survival in northern Indiana during the winters of 1989-1990 and 1990-1991. Diapause eggs of Ae. triseriatus (Say), a native North American mosquito, were included for comparison. Tropical Ae. albopictus from Malaysia did not survive either winter. Temperate Ae. albopictus from Indianapolis, IN, did not survive the winter of 1989-1990, but 78% survived the winter of 1990-1991. In contrast, 92 and 96% of Ae. triseriatus survived the winters of 1989-1990 and 1990-1991, respectively. Neither mean temperature nor absolute minimum temperature (a winter's lowest temperature) accurately predicted Ae. albopictus overwintering survivorship in the field. The possible effect of snow and other insulating materials on the overwintering survivorship of Ae. albopictus eggs is discussed.

Management of a rare case of arteriovenous malformation of the head of the pancreas

Shahrudin MD, Noori SM

Hepatogastroenterology, 1997 Jan-Feb;44(13):284-7.

PMID: 9058160

Arterio-venous malformation (AVM) of the head of the pancreas is a rare condition that may cause upper gastro-intestinal tract (GIT) bleeding. A 45-year-old man with a large AVM at the pancreato-biliary region is described. The patient had recurrent episodes of hematemesis and melena. Enlargement of the AVM was documented by serial abdominal CT scans performed after each bleed. Whipple procedure was successfully performed in this patient.

Fulltext Coronary heart disease mortality in peninsular Malaysia

Yusof SM, Margetts BM

Med J Malaysia, 1995 Jun;50(2):194-6.

PMID: 7565197

Prevalence of dementia among elderly Chinese and Malay residents of Singapore

Kua EH, Ko SM

Int Psychogeriatr, 1995;7(3):439-46.

PMID: 8821351

This is a comparative study of the prevalence of dementia among elderly Chinese and Malay persons living in the community in Singapore. The subjects, aged 65 years and over, were all living in public housing estates. Two hundred elderly Chinese and 149 elderly Malay persons were interviewed. They were first screened for any cognitive deficit with the Elderly Cognitive Assessment Questionnaire (ECAQ). All those who scored 5 or fewer points on the ECAQ were then assessed with the Geriatric Mental State schedule. The results showed an overall dementia prevalence of 4.0% among the Malay elderly and 2.5% among the Chinese elderly. The rate of dementia of the Alzheimer's type was 1.8% for Chinese women and 1.5% for Malay women; for multi-infarct dementia the rate for Malay women was 4.4% and for Chinese women 0.9%. For Chinese and Malay men, the prevalence of Alzheimer's disease and multi-infarct dementia was quite similar (1.1% and 1.2%).

Brief report: eating attitudes among adolescent girls in a Malaysian secondary school using the eat questionnaire

Indran SK, Hatta SM

Int J Soc Psychiatry, 1995;41(4):299-302.

PMID: 8815054

Cancer of the colon and rectum in the first three decades of life

Shahrudin MD, Noori SM

Hepatogastroenterology, 1997;44(14):441-4.

PMID: 9164516

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Recently an increasing number of young colorectal carcinoma patients attending the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur were noted. This report represents our experience with patients suffering from colorectal cancer aged 30 years or younger.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: All cases of primary carcinoma of the colon and rectum admitted to the University Hospital during 1990 to 1994 were respectively reviewed. Inclusion criteria was that the patient had been 30 years or younger. Data collected included age, gender, race, site of tumour, presenting symptomatology, duration of symptoms, histology, extension of tumour and nodal involvement predisposing factors, treatment and follow-up.
RESULTS: 21 patients were included, 5 patients (24%) were 30 years old at diagnosis, 12 (57%) patients were aged 20-29 years and 4 patients (19%) were less than 20 years old. Thirteen of the 21 patients were female, and 8 (38%) were male, 6 of the 21 patients (29%) were Malaysian, while 1 was Indian (4%). The remainder were Chinese, 14 patients (67%). Six patients (29%) had their primary tumour located in the rectosigmoid, 4 (19%) in the left colon, 1 (4%) in the splenic flexure, 2 in the transverse colon (9%), 1 in the hepatic flexure (4%) and 5 in the caecum 24(%). One patient had a tumour too diffuse to detect a primary site at the time of operation. One patient with a family history of polyps had his entire colon removed at age 14. He had 3 separate foci of tumour. The 5-year survival rate was 25%.
DISCUSSION: Most patients with extensive disease and mucinous histology. Lesions are commonly seen beyond the transverse colon (57%). Presentation included most commonly abdominal pain, haematochezia or haemoccult positive stools.
CONCLUSION: The symptoms above should alert surgeons to colorectal carcinoma as a differential diagnosis

Pancreatic pseudocyst: the controversial value of total parenteral nutrition

Shahrudin MD, Noori SM

Hepatogastroenterology, 1997 Mar-Apr;44(14):559-63.

PMID: 9164537

Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for the non-operative treatment of acute pancreatic pseudocyst has been of hypothetical benefit.

Biloma and biliary fistula associated with hepatorrhaphy for liver injury

Shahrudin MD, Noori SM

Hepatogastroenterology, 1997 Mar-Apr;44(14):519-21.

PMID: 9164529

To review our experience in managing post-hepatorrhaphy complications in liver trauma.

Physiological adaptations to thermal stress in tropical Asians

Duncan MT, Horvath SM

Eur J Appl Physiol Occup Physiol, 1988;57(5):540-4.

PMID: 3396569

Young sedentary adult males of Malay, Indian, and Chinese origin who had established continuous residence in tropical Malaysia and presumed to be naturally acclimatized to heat, were studied to evaluate their physiological responses to a standard heat stress test. The Malay and Indian races have evolved in hot and humid geographical zones, whereas the Chinese originated from a temperate area. Subjects exercised at 50% VO2max alternating 18 minutes walking and 2 min rest during a 2-h exposure to an ambient of 34.9 degrees C dry bulb and 32.1 degrees C wet bulb. Heart rates, core and skin temperatures, sweat rates, and oxygen uptakes were measured during the heat exposure. The subjects of Malay origin exhibited the least circulatory stress of the three ethnic groups. The data obtained on these long-term residents of a hot-wet climate and who were considered acclimatized to this environment were compared to experimental data obtained by other investigators and other ethnic groups.

Fulltext Malignant non-Hodgkin's lymphomas of the nose and paranasal sinuses

Tan J, Said H, Chong SM

Med J Malaysia, 1988 Mar;43(1):49-54.

PMID: 3244320

Fulltext Acute lymphoblastic leukemia in relapse presenting as a breast lump: a case report

Cheong SK, Chong SM

Med J Malaysia, 1985 Mar;40(1):46-8.

PMID: 3868737

A 26-year-old assistant nurse suffered from acute lymphoblastic leukemia and was successfully treated with combination chemotherapy. 15 months later, she relapsed with a lump in her right breast. The significance of this finding is discussed.

Profile of alcoholism in a multiracial society

Buhrich N, Haq SM, George S

Int J Addict, 1981 Aug;16(6):1111-5.

PMID: 7341504

Demographic characteristics of all patients with a diagnosis of alcoholism or alcoholic psychoses admitted between 1975 and 1978 to the Psychiatry Department, General Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, were examined. The diagnosis of alcoholism or alcoholic psychoses accounted for 2% of the total psychiatric admissions. Males greatly predominated over females and Indians greatly predominated over Malays and Chinese. Reasons for these differences are discussed.

Drug abuse in Malaysia

Seong TE, Haq SM

Med J Malaysia, 1974 Dec;29(2):126-30.

PMID: 4282398

Determination of plasma concentrations of dapsone, monoacetyl dapsone and pyrimethamine in human subjects dosed with maloprim

Jones CR, Ovenell SM

J. Chromatogr., 1979 Jun 11;163(2):179-85.

PMID: 541369

A high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed to enable dapsone, monoacetyl dapsone and pyrimethamine to be measured simultaneously in plasma samples from volunteers in England and Malaysia who had been dosed with Maloprim. Mean half-lives of 25 and 80 h were calculated for dapsone and pyrimethamine, respectively, but there was wide individual variation. All subjects were found to be classifiable as "slow acetylators".

The Malaysian community's acceptance and willingness to pay for a National Health Financing Scheme

Azimatun Noor A, Saperi S, Aljunid SM

Public Health, 2019 Oct;175:129-137.

PMID: 31473369 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2019.07.008

OBJECTIVES: Currently, Malaysia faces great challenges in allocating adequate resources for healthcare services using a tax-based system. Therefore, Malaysia has no choice but to reform its healthcare financing system. The objective of this study is to assess Malaysian household willingness to pay and acceptance levels to the proposed National Health Financing Scheme.

STUDY DESIGN: This is a cross-sectional study.

METHODS: In total, 774 households from four states in Malaysia completed face-to-face interviews. A validated structured questionnaire was used, which was composed of a combination of open-ended questions, bidding games and contingent valuation methods regarding the participants' willingness to pay.

RESULTS: The study found that the majority of households supported the establishment of the National Health Financing Scheme, and half proposed that a government body should manage the scheme. Most (87.5%) of the households were willing to contribute 0.5-1% of their salaries to the scheme through monthly deductions. Over three-quarters (76.6%) were willing to contribute to a higher level scheme (1-2%) to gain access to both public and private healthcare basic services. Willingness to pay for the National Health Financing Scheme was significantly higher among younger persons, females, those located in rural areas, those with a higher income and those with an illness.

CONCLUSION: There is a high level of acceptance for the National Health Financing Scheme in the Malaysian community, and they are willing to pay for a scheme organised by a government body. However, acceptance and willingness to pay are strongly linked to household socio-economic status. Policymakers should initiate plans to establish the National Health Financing Scheme to provide the necessary financing for a sustainable health system.

Renewable energy in Southeast Asia: Policies and recommendations

Erdiwansyah, Mamat R, Sani MSM, Sudhakar K

Sci Total Environ, 2019 Jun 20;670:1095-1102.

PMID: 31018425 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.03.273

Southeast Asian countries stand at a crossroads concerning their shared energy future and heavily rely on fossil fuels for transport and electricity. Within Asia, especially India and China lead the world renewable energy generation undergoing a period of energy transition and economic transformation. Southeast Asian countries have huge potentials for sustainable energy sources. However they are yet to perform globally in renewable energy deployment due to various challenges. The primary objective of the study is to examine the renewable energy growth and analyse the government policies to scale up the deployment of renewables for power generation substantially. The study also offers policy recommendations to accelerate renewable energy exploitation sustainably across the region. To achieve the ambitious target of 23% renewables in the primary energy mix by 2025, ASEAN Governments should take proactive measures like removal of subsidies of fossil fuels, regional market integration and rapid implementation of the existing project. Eventually, each of this strategy will necessitate sustained leadership, political determination, and concrete actions from stakeholders, in particular, increased cooperation across the region.

Fulltext Assessing the resting energy expenditure of cancer patients in the Penang General Hospital

Khor SM, Mohd BB

Malays J Nutr, 2011 Apr;17(1):43-53.

PMID: 22135864 MyJurnal

INTRODUCTION: Malnutrition is common in cancer patients. Generally, it is believed that the resting energy expenditure (REE) is elevated in cancer patients and this contributes to the development of malnutrition. Thus, to be able to assess the REE is important in planning adequate nutrition support.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out to assess the REE in patients with solid tumour (n=25), leukemia (n=25) and healthy subjects (n=50) by using the indirect calorimetry method under standard conditions.
RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the measured REE among patients with solid tumour, leukemia and the control group (p=0.534). By contrast, there was a significant difference between the REE/kg FFM in solid tumour patients compared to the leukemia group and the healthy subjects, (p=0.049 and p=0.002). The REE derived from the Harris Benedict Equation was found to be significantly higher than the measured REE. The stress factor for patients with solid tumour was 1.35 and that for leukemia patients was 1.36.
CONCLUSION: The REE/kg FFM in the cancer patients undergoing anticancer therapy appeared to be higher than expected compared to healthy subjects. The Harris Benedict Equation (HBE) was found to over-estimate the REE of cancer patients in the study. As the total energy expenditure (TEE) is estimated by multiplying the REE with the stress factor and physical activity factor, the overestimated REE from HBE will further increase the risk of overfeeding in this population.

Primary Mucinous Adenocarcinoma of the Urinary Bladder: A Rare Entity

Karikalan B, Pasupati T, George SM

West Afr J Med, 2021 Jun 26;38(6):604-606.

PMID: 34180217

Adenocarcinoma constitutes around 0.5 to 2% of all neoplastic lesions of the urinary bladder, out of which, the mucinous variant is seen on rare occasions. Intestinal metaplasia resulting from nephrolithiasis, chronic inflammation and hydronephrosis could be the precursor lesion. Bladder exstrophy and remnants of the urachus are considered as other possible risk factors. The tumour prefers patients who are over 50 years. Hematuria, difficult voiding and suprapubic pain are the most common presenting symptoms. The tumour has a very bad prognosis and is poorly responsive to chemo and radiotherapy and hence surgery is the treatment of choice. Hence early diagnosis is of paramount importance. While managing adenocarcinoma of the bladder, it is important to rule out any possibility of a metastatic lesion that could have come from other organs where mucinous adenocarcinoma is more common.

Fulltext Rhinocort vs Eltair: a comparative review of a patented and generic drug

Gurdeep SM, Philip R, Rosalind S

Trop Biomed, 2005 Dec;22(2):221-4.

PMID: 16883291 MyJurnal

Rhinocort and Eltair are both the patented and generic equivalent of the topical nasal steroid budesonide. A study consisting of 42 patients was conducted at the ENT department of Hospital Ipoh to compare the response of patients who were using Rhinocort prior to Eltair. The results show statistically significant symptomatic response and lower complications with Rhinocort compared to Eltair.

Fulltext Effect of glycerol plasticizer loading on the physical, mechanical, thermal, and barrier properties of arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea) starch biopolymers

Tarique J, Sapuan SM, Khalina A

Sci Rep, 2021 07 06;11(1):13900.

PMID: 34230523 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93094-y

This research was set out to explore the development of arrowroot starch (AS) films using glycerol (G) as plasticizer at the ratio of 15, 30, and 45% (w/w, starch basis) using solution casting technique. The developed films were analyzed in terms of physical, structural, mechanical, thermal, environmental, and barrier properties. The incorporation of glycerol to AS film-making solution reduced the brittleness and fragility of films. An increment in glycerol concentration caused an increment in film thickness, moisture content, and solubility in water, whereas density and water absorption were reduced. The tensile strength and modulus of G-plasticized AS films were reduced significantly from 9.34 to 1.95 MPa and 620.79 to 36.08 MPa, respectively, while elongation at break was enhanced from 2.41 to 57.33%. FTIR analysis revealed that intermolecular hydrogen bonding occurred between glycerol and AS in plasticized films compared to control films. The G-plasticized films showed higher thermal stability than control films. The cross-sectional micrographs revealed that the films containing 45% glycerol concentration had higher homogeneity than 15% and 30%. Water vapour permeability of plasticized films increased by an increase in glycerol concentrations. The findings of this research provide insights into the development of bio-degradable food packaging.

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