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Fulltext Associations of Occupational, Socio-Demographic and Lifestyle Factors with Lung Functions in Malaysian Traffic Policemen

Jamil PASM, Karuppiah K, Rasdi I, How V, Tamrin SBM, Mani KKC, et al.

Ann Glob Health, 2020 07 28;86(1):84.
PMID: 32775216 DOI: 10.5334/aogh.2895

Background: Apart from being exposed to various hazards, there are several other factors that contribute to the deterioration of traffic police health.
Objectives: A cross-sectional study was carried out to explore the association of occupational, socio-demographic, and lifestyle factors with lung functions in traffic policemen in Kuala Lumpur (KL) and Johor Bahru (JB).
Methods: A spirometer was used to measure lung function of subjects, whereas a self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain their information on background data, lifestyle, and occupational factors. The statistical test used was Spearman rho's test and chi-square test; then, the factors were further tested using Logistic regressions.
Findings: 134 male subjects were selected as respondents in this study with 83% response rate. Among all the factors tested, age (FVC: χ = 8.42(3), p = 0.04), (FEV: χ = 8.26(3), p = 0.04), rank (FVC: χ = 8.52(3), p = 0.04), (FEV: χ = 8.05(3), p = 0.04), duration of services (FVC: χ = 11.0(1), p = 0.04), (FEV: χ = 6.53(1), p = 0.01), and average working hours (with the Measured FVC (litre), r = -3.97, p < 0.001; Measured FEV1 (litre), r = -3.70, p < 0.001; Predicted FVC, r = -0.49, p < 0.001; Predicted FEV1, r = -0.47, p < 0.001; and %Ratio FEV1/FV, r = -0.47, p < 0.001) were significantly related to lung function among traffic police.
Conclusions: Occupational factors play a crucial role, and hence, the authorities should take action in generating flexible working hours and the duration of services accordingly. The data from this study can help by serving as a reference to the top management of traffic police officers to develop occupational safety and health guideline for police officers to comply with the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA, Act 514 1994).

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health*
Emergency response programme in a petrochemical company in Malaysia

Jefferelli Shamsul Bahrin, Mohamad Husain Sajahan, Mohd. Nazri Hamad

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2004;1(1):3-8.
MyJurnal

Malaysia is blessed with oil and gas resources, which form raw materials for the petrochemical industry. The petrochemical industry creates added value to this resource and is an important contributor to the national economy. The petrochemical industry however also creates hazards of which fire or explosions and chemical release are of special concern. These hazards pose a risk not only to workers but also to the surrounding population and environment. To ensure industry is prepared to cope with emergencies, a comprehensive emergency response programme is necessary. This is inline with both the Malaysian Occupational Safety and Health (Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards) Regulations 1996 and the Responsible Care initiative of the chemical industry. This paper describes elements to be considered in an emergency response programme for industry such as the concept of emergency management, organisation, duties and responsibilities, emergency system, training and mutual aid plans and agreements. We shall provide related examples based on a multinational petrochemical company practice.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health
Protecting the health of medical students on international electives in low-resource settings

Johnston N, Sandys N, Geoghegan R, O'Donovan D, Flaherty G

J Travel Med, 2018 01 01;25(1).
PMID: 29394388 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/tax092

Background: Increasingly, medical students from developed countries are undertaking international medical electives in developing countries. Medical students understand the many benefits of these electives, such as the opportunity to develop clinical skills, to gain insight into global health issues and to travel to interesting regions of the world. However, they may be much less aware of the risk to their health and wellbeing while abroad. Compounding this problem, medical students may not seek advice from travel medicine practitioners and often receive inadequate or no information from their medical school prior to departure.
Methods: The PubMed database was searched for relevant literature relating to the health of medical elective students. Combinations of the following key words were used as search terms: 'international health elective', 'medical student' and 'health risks'. Articles were restricted to those published in English from 1997 through June 2017. A secondary review of the reference lists of these articles was performed. The grey literature was also searched for relevant material.
Results: This narrative literature review outlines the risks of clinical electives in resource-poor settings which include exposure to infectious illness, trauma, sexual health problems, excessive sun exposure, mental health issues and crime. Medical students may mitigate these health risks by being informed and well prepared for high-risk situations. The authors provide evidence-based travel advice which aims to improve pre-travel preparation and maximize student traveller safety. A safer and more enjoyable elective may be achieved if students follow road safety advice, take personal safety measures, demonstrate cultural awareness, attend to their psychological wellbeing and avoid risk-taking behaviours.
Conclusion: This article may benefit global health educators, international elective coordinators and travel medicine practitioners. For students, a comprehensive elective checklist, an inventory of health kit items and useful web-based educational resources are provided to help prepare for electives abroad.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health*
Survey of medical personnel engaged in occupational health service in West Malaysia

Jorgensen HS, Singh A

Med J Malaysia, 1977 Sep;32(1):28-32.
PMID: 609340
Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health Services
Fulltext Kajian audit keselamatan dan kesihatan pekerjaan terhadap aspek fizikal di Kolej Kediaman Dato’ Onn, UKM

Kadir, A., Kadaruddin, A., Shaharuddin, A., Azahan, A., Muhammad Rizal, R., Lukman, Z.M., et al.

Malaysian Journal of Community Health, 2011;17(1):9-17.
MyJurnal

Background: Safety and health audit study is a part of occupational safety and health risk assesment. Thus, student’s residential audit is important in order tu ensure the safety rules which implemented by the management is appropriate and follow the standard set forth. Furthermore, it also important to determine places, area or situation that might lead to hazard risk so that prevention step could be plan and implement.

Objective: This study was to determine the safety level of students residential in physical aspects.

Methods: Safety inspection or audit conducted is in accordance with criteria and indicators listed in the checklists that have been formed based on the audit forms from the Department of Safety and Health (DOSH), National Institute of Safety and health (NIOSH) and the Occupational Safety and Health Committee of UKMs (JKKP). Several indicators are also included in the audit form as to ensure it covers all the technical aspect and suited with the college conditions. The safety level for each of the blocks in KDO is categorized using points and percentage score obtained.

Results: Based on the overall score, the average safety score in percentage for areas in KDO are preceded by general office with score 85.5% followed by residential blocks with 71.5%, facilities with score 71.2% and administration block with 70.9%. The results of the study show that most of the areas are at least in a safe level.

Conclusion: Roles of employer and college administration, significant OSH programme and safety audit are important factors as to ensure the safety of student's residential college.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health
A Causal Relationship of Occupational Stress among University Employees

Kaewanuchit C, Muntaner C, Isha N

Iran J Public Health, 2015 Jul;44(7):931-8.
PMID: 26576371

Occupational stress is a psychosocial dimension of occupational health concept on social determinants of health, especially, job & environmental condition. Recently, staff network of different government universities of Thailand have called higher education commission, and Ministry of Education, Thailand to resolve the issue of government education policy (e.g. wage inequity, poor welfare, law, and job & environment condition) that leads to their job insecurity, physical and mental health problems from occupational stress. The aim of this study was to investigate a causal relationship of occupational stress among the academic university employees.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health
Work Ability and Its Related Factors Among Workers in Small and Medium Enterprises: Comparison Among Four ASEAN Countries

Kaewboonchoo O, Isahak M, Susilowati I, Phuong TN, Morioka I, Harncharoen K, et al.

Asia Pac J Public Health, 2016 Jul;28(5):438-49.
PMID: 27273897 DOI: 10.1177/1010539516651957

Work ability is related to many factors that might influence one's capacity to work. This study aimed to examine the work ability and its related factors among small and medium enterprises (SME) workers in 4 Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) countries. The participants in this study included 2098 workers from food and textile industries in Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, and Vietnam. A cross-sectional survey of anonymous self-administrated questionnaire was designed to collect information on sociodemographic factors, work environment and ergonomic condition, musculoskeletal disorders, and work ability. Bivariate correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression analyses were used to predict the work ability. Results of this study confirm that work ability in 4 ASEAN countries was similar to that in European countries, and that the sociodemographic factors, work environment and ergonomic condition, and musculoskeletal disorder (MSD) were associated with work ability. These factors are important for considering occupational health and safety policy to promote work ability in food, textile, and other SME workers.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health
Fulltext Comparative study on the acceptance and use of contraceptive methods in a rural population in Kelantan

Kamalanathan JP

Malays J Reprod Health, 1990 Dec;8(2):66-71.
PMID: 12343150

PIP: Contraceptive prevalence was determined in the Kelantan region of Malaysia, an area with relatively poor health indices. 350 women attending health clinics on rubber and palm-oil estates and living in surrounding suburbs were surveyed by clinic workers or during home visits. The sample included 273 Malays, 64 Indians and 13 Chinese. This area of Peninsular Malaysia is noted for the highest infant mortality rate (17.7), second highest crude birth rate (35.2) and highest dependency ratio (88%) in the country. 44.9% practiced contraception, highest in Chinese and lowest in Indians. Methods used were pills by (55%), traditional methods (19%), tubal ligation (18%), safe period (14%), injections (5.5%), IUD (4.7%), and condom (2.3%). The Malaysian traditional methods are herbal preparations from tree bark or roots, herb pills, and exercises after coitus. 34% of the non contraceptors had used contraception before but stopped because of side effects, religious or spousal objections, or desire to conceive. 74% had married in their teens. 46% of the non-contraceptors were spacing their children by prolonged breastfeeding.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health Services*
Fulltext Current status of industrial accident learning in Malaysia

Kamarizan Kidam, Zainazrin Zainal Abidin, Mimi Haryani Hashim, Adnan Ripin, Mohammed Wijayanuddin Ali, Hazlee M. Safuan, et al.

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):1-4.
MyJurnal

In general, the industrial accident rate in Malaysia is decreasing. However, statistically it is still relatively high
if compared with that of other developing nations. One of the reasons why accidents keep on happening is poor
learning from accidents. This paper discusses the level of accident learning, based on accident reports submitted to the
Department of Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH) Malaysia and the Society Security Organization (SOCSO)
Malaysia involving a total of 1,291 accident cases. Based on the quality and completeness of accident reports, the
levels of learning were classified into five accident causation levels which are no, limited, fair, good and excellent
learning.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health
Fulltext Statistical analysis of metalworking accidents within small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Malaysia

Kamarizan Kidam, Saharudin Haron, Zainazrin Zainal Abidin, Mimi Haryani Hashim, Adnan Ripin, Mohammed Wijayanuddin Ali, et al.

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2015;12(1):161-164.
MyJurnal

Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are known to be one of the major contributors to the national economy.
However, in terms of Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) implementation and performance, these SMEs,
especially in the metalworking sector have yet to meet the necessary standard. This paper discusses the statistical
analysis of accidents in metalworking industry by using accident reports submitted to the Department of Safety and
Health (DOSH) which involved 740 accident cases. The main objective is to identify the real causes of accidents and
recommend an appropriate action plan for accidents prevention at the workplace.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health
Improving safety-related knowledge, attitude and practices of nurses handling cytotoxic anticancer drug: pharmacists' experience in a general hospital, Malaysia

Keat CH, Sooaid NS, Yun CY, Sriraman M

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2013;14(1):69-73.
PMID: 23534806

BACKGROUND: An increasing trend of cytotoxic drug use, mainly in cancer treatment, has increased the occupational exposure among the nurses. This study aimed to assess the change of nurses' safety-related knowledge as well as attitude levels and subsequently to assess the change of cytotoxic drug handling practices in wards after a series of pharmacist-based interventions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: This prospective interventional study with a before and after design requested a single group of 96 nurses in 15 wards actively providing chemotherapy to answer a self-administered questionnaire. A performance checklist was then used to determine the compliance of all these wards with the recommended safety measures. The first and second assessments took 2 months respectively with a 9-month intervention period. Pharmacist-based interventions included a series of technical, educational and administrative support measures consisting of the initiation of closed-system cytotoxic drug reconstitution (CDR) services, courses, training workshops and guideline updates.
RESULTS: The mean age of nurses was 32.2∓6.19 years. Most of them were female (93.8%) and married (72.9%). The mean knowledge score of nurses was significantly increased from 45.5∓10.52 to 73.4∓8.88 out of 100 (p<0.001) at the end of the second assessment. Overall, the mean practice score among the wards was improved from 7.6∓5.51 to 15.3∓2.55 out of 20 (p<0.001).
CONCLUSIONS: The pharmacist-based interventions improved the knowledge, attitude and safe practices of nurses in cytotoxic drug handling. Further assessment may help to confirm the sustainability of the improved practices.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health
Safety in the construction industry: are we barking at the wrong tree?

Khairuddin Sulaiman, Norhayati Mahyuddin

Journal of Occupational Safety and Health, 2005;2(1):30-36.
MyJurnal

The construction industry is an important industry in the Malaysian’s economy. Much has been said about the quality of the product as well as the image of the industry due to the small percentage of local workers on site. The industry’s welfare and safety record is not at all encouraging. To stop the rot, the government has taken important and significant steps by the establishment of the Malaysian Construction Industry Development Board (CIDB) and the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH). These efforts have shown some significant positive improvement in the perception and action of those involved in the industry but we are still far from the standard shown in other developed countries in terms of site safety. This paper is to discuss the roles and responsibilities of the key players in the industry be it the clients, consultants or contractors. The focus is on the ‘upstream’ activities i.e. the pre-construction stage, rather than the ‘downstream’ i.e. the construction phase of a project.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health
[Malaysia viewed from the eyes of an occupational health expert on JICA short-term dispatch program]

Kishi R

Hokkaido Igaku Zasshi, 2003 May;78(3):263-5.
PMID: 12795178
Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health*
The international electronics industry

LaDou J, Rohm T

Int J Occup Environ Health, 1998 Jan-Mar;4(1):1-18.
PMID: 10026464

High-technology microelectronics has a major presence in countries such as China, India, Indonesia, and Malaysia, now the third-largest manufacturer of semiconductor chips. The migration of European, Japanese, and American companies accommodates regional markets. Low wage rates and limited enforcement of environmental regulations in developing countries also serve as incentives for the dramatic global migration of this industry. The manufacture of microelectonics products is accompanied by a high incidence of occupational illnesses, which may reflect the widespread use of toxic materials. Metals, photoactive chemicals, solvents, acids, and toxic gases are used in a wide variety of combinations and workplace settings. The industry also presents problems of radiation exposure and various occupational stressors, including some unresolved ergonomic issues. The fast-paced changes of the technology underlying this industry, as well as the stringent security precautions, have added to the difficulty of instituting proper health and safety measures. Epidemiologic studies reveal an alarming increase in spontaneous abortions among cleanroom manufacturing workers; no definitive study has yet identified its cause. Other health issues, including occupational cancer, are yet to be studied. The microelectronics industry is a good example of an industry that is exported to many areas of the world before health and safety problems are properly addressed and resolved.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health*
Fulltext Replacement of PUSPATI TRIGA Reactor primary cooling system and safety considerations

Lanyau, Tonny, Mohd Fazli Zakaria, Zaredah Hashim, Mohd Fairus Abdul Farid, Mohammad Suhaimi Kassim

Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, 2010;2010(2):112-124.
MyJurnal

PUSPATI TRIGA Reactor (RTP) is the only nuclear research reactor in Malaysia. It has been safely operated and maintained since 28 June 1982. Over 28 years of operation, some of the reactor systems have been upgraded or replaced to ensure the functionality and safety of the reactor. One of the major reactor systems which is primary cooling system is used to remove heat generated in the reactor core. The former primary cooling system consisting of single unit of shell-and-tube heat exchanger, three centrifugal pumps and piping system was replaced with a new system due to decreasing of the cooling performance. The new primary cooling system, consisting of two units of the 1.5-MW plate-type heat exchangers, new three primary pumps and new piping system was installed in accordance to the specified AELB requirements and guidelines of Nuclear Malaysia Safety, Health and Environment Committee (JKSHE). This paper summarises the replacement process of the former RTP primary cooling system. The activities involved preparation before and during construction and installation phases as well as safety consideration based on International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), Atomic Energy Licensing Board (AELB) requirements and Occupational Health and Safety Act (Act 514) were discussed and evaluated.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health
Personal Protective Equipment for Endoscopy in Low-Resource Settings During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Guidance From the World Gastroenterology Organisation

Leddin D, Armstrong D, Raja Ali RA, Barkun A, Butt AS, Chen Y, et al.

J Clin Gastroenterol, 2020 9 11;54(10):833-840.
PMID: 32909973 DOI: 10.1097/MCG.0000000000001411

Performance of endoscopic procedures is associated with a risk of infection from COVID-19. This risk can be reduced by the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). However, shortage of PPE has emerged as an important issue in managing the pandemic in both traditionally high and low-resource areas. A group of clinicians and researchers from thirteen countries representing low, middle, and high-income areas has developed recommendations for optimal utilization of PPE before, during, and after gastrointestinal endoscopy with particular reference to low-resource situations. We determined that there is limited flexibility with regard to the utilization of PPE between ideal and low-resource settings. Some compromises are possible, especially with regard to PPE use, during endoscopic procedures. We have, therefore, also stressed the need to prevent transmission of COVID-19 by measures other than PPE and to conserve PPE by reduction of patient volume, limiting procedures to urgent or emergent, and reducing the number of staff and trainees involved in procedures. This guidance aims to optimize utilization of PPE and protection of health care providers.

Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health/statistics & numerical data
Fulltext Occupational diseases in Malaysia: the need for better notification

Lim HH

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Jun;37(2):98-101.
PMID: 7132840
Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health Services/legislation & jurisprudence*
Fulltext The role of the occupational health nurse

Lim HH

Med J Malaysia, 1982 Mar;37(1):90-5.
PMID: 7121357
Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health Services
Occupational health nursing services in two countries

Lim HH

Public Health, 1983 Jul;97(4):221-7.
PMID: 6622644
Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health Nursing/organization & administration*; Occupational Health Nursing/standards
Training and education of occupational health and safety personnel in a developing country

Lim Heng Huat

J R Soc Health, 1983 Dec;103(6):246-8.
PMID: 6644735
Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Health Services*

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