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  1. Knowledge, attitudes, and communication around human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination amongst urban Asian mothers and physicians
    Chow SN, Soon R, Park JS, Pancharoen C, Qiao YL, Basu P, et al.
    Vaccine, 2010 May 14;28(22):3809-17.
    PMID: 20347631 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.03.027
    To determine why HPV vaccination uptake is low in Asia, we surveyed attitudes, knowledge and communication about cervical cancer and HPV vaccination amongst 480 physicians and 1617 randomly selected urban mothers who could afford HPV vaccines in Korea, Malaysia, Taiwan and Thailand. HPV vaccine rejection by mothers was linked with poor knowledge and low perceptions of self-relevance. Physicians' likelihood of raising the subject and/or recommending vaccination was linked to how proactively they advocate preventive health, their attitude to the subject's sensitivity and their knowledge levels. Because most Asian mothers seek doctors' advice and prefer them to take the initiative, physicians should be more proactive in discussing and recommending HPV vaccination.
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control; Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control
  2. Fulltext Rubella vaccination programme in Malaysia: analysis of a seroprevalence study in an antenatal clinic
    Sekawi Z, Muizatul WMN, Marlyn M, Jamil MAY, Ilina I
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):345-8.
    PMID: 16379190 MyJurnal
    In many developed countries, the incidence of rubella and congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) is considered to be negligible due to the availability of an effective vaccine. However, in Malaysia, several CRS cases are seen every year. This casts doubt on the effectiveness of the rubella vaccination programme. Very few seroprevalence studies were done over the years, making it difficult to discuss the effectiveness of the vaccination programme. The objective of this study is to determine the prevalence of rubella immunity among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in a local teaching hospital. The hospital database on rubella immunity was assessed retrospectively from August 2001 to June 2002. A cross-sectional study of interviewed method as well as determination of rubella immunity by laboratory tests were carried out in July 2002. A total of 414 women were included, of whom 134 women were interviewed. The rubella immunity status was 92.3%. Based on this figure, rubella vaccination programme in Malaysia is a success despite the presence of CRS cases. Malaysia must ensure rubella vaccine coverage among target groups is high in order to minimise CRS cases.
    Study site: Antenatal clinic, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious/prevention & control*; Rubella/prevention & control*
  3. Fulltext Are there any real Helicobacter pylori infection-negative gastric cancers in Asia?
    Tokudome S, Ando R, Ghadimi R, Tanaka T, Hattori N, Yang Z, et al.
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2007 Mar;8(3):462-3.
    PMID: 18159988
    The great variability in gastric cancer rates across Asia, with very high incidences in Japan and Korea, and exceedingly low incidences in ethnic Malays, whether in Malaysia or Indonesia, appears largely due to variation in Helicobacter pylori infection rates. While between 2% and 10.6% of gastric cancers in a recent Japanese survey were considered to be negative for bacterial infection on the basis of seropositivity and H. pylori-dependent mucosal atrophy, it is notoriously difficult to preclude past infection. The situation is greatly complicated by reported differences in the etiology of gastric cardia and non-cardia cancers. In the Western world there do appear to be tumours arising close to the esophageal-gastric junction which are not related to H. pylori and associated inflammation, but in most Asian populations these appear to be very rare. Therefore preventive efforts, and particularly screening, should be focused on markers of bacterial infection, with avoidance of unnecessary exposure to X-ray radiation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Stomach Neoplasms/prevention & control; Helicobacter Infections/prevention & control
  4. Enhancement of fluoride release from glass ionomer cement following a coating of silver fluoride
    Ariffin Z, Ngo H, McIntyre J
    Aust Dent J, 2006 Dec;51(4):328-32.
    PMID: 17256308
    BACKGROUND: This study investigated the extent to which a coating of 10% silver fluoride (AgF) on discs of glass jonomer cements (GIGs) would enhance the release of fluoride ion into eluting solutions at varying pH.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty discs each of Fuji LX, Fuji VII and of Vitrebond were prepared in a plastic mould. Twenty discs of each material were coated for 30 seconds with a 10% solution of AgF. Five discs each of coated and uncoated material were placed individually in 4m1 of differing eluant solutions. The eluant solutions comprised deionized distilled water (DDW) and three separate acetate buffered solutions at pH 7, pH 5 and pH 3. After 30 minutes the discs were removed and placed in five vials containing 4m1 of the various solutions for a further 30 minutes. This was repeated for further intervals of time up to 216 hours, and all eluant solutions were stored. Fluoride concentrations in the eluant solutions were estimated using a fluoride specific electrode, with TISAB IV as a metal ion complexing and ionic concentration adjustment agent. Cumulative fluoride release patterns were determined from the incremental data.

    RESULTS: The coating of AgF greatly enhanced the level of fluoride ion release from all materials tested. Of the uncoated samples, Vitrehond released the greater concentrations of fluoride ion, followed by Fuji VII. However, cumulative levels of fluoride released from coated samples of the GICs almost matched those from coated Vitrebond.

    CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that a coating of 10% AgF on GICs and a resin modified GIC greatly enhanced the concentration of fluoride released from these materials. This finding might be applied to improving protection against recurrent caries, particularly in high caries risk patients, and in the atraumatic restorative technique (ART) of restoration placement.

    Matched MeSH terms: Argyria/prevention & control; Gingival Diseases/prevention & control
  5. Biological control of nematode parasites in sheep
    Larsen M
    J Anim Sci, 2006 Apr;84 Suppl:E133-9.
    PMID: 16582084
    In a world in which sheep producers are facing increasing problems due to the rapid spread of anthelmintic resistance, the battle against gastrointestinal parasitic nematodes is a difficult one. One of the potential new tools for integrated control strategies is biological control by means of the nematode-destroying microfungus Duddingtonia flagrans. This fungus forms sticky traps that catch developing larval stages of parasitic nematodes in the fecal environment. When resting spores (chlamydospores) of this fungus are fed daily to grazing animals for a period of time, the pasture infectivity and thus, the worm burden of grazing animals are lowered, especially in young lambs. Research has been conducted throughout the world covering many different climates and management systems. An Australian parasite model showed that if the fungus performs efficiently (> or =90% reduction in worm burden) for 2 or 3 mo, it should contribute significantly to a reduction in the number of dead lambs otherwise occurring when managed only by anthelmintic treatment and grazing management. Feeding or field trials have clearly demonstrated that dosing with a few hundred thousand spores per kilogram of live BW not only reduced the number of infective larvae but also increased the BW of the lambs compared with controls not given fungus. Initial Australian work with feeding spores by means of a block formulation or a slow-release device has shown some promise, but further work is needed to fully develop these delivery systems. In tropical Malaysia, small paddock trials and field studies resulted in significant improvements, in terms of lower worm burdens and increased live BW, when feeding half a million spores daily to grazing lambs. Additional benefits have been observed when the fungus is employed in combination with a fast rotational grazing system. Research has also demonstrated that spores can be delivered in slightly moist feed block material, but only if such blocks are consumed rapidly, because of their very short shelf life. In the northern, temperate Danish climate it has been demonstrated that daily feeding of half a million spores per kilogram of live BW can lead to significant production benefits, with increased live BW gain in fungus-exposed animals. Biological control of parasitic nematodes in sheep seems to hold promise for the future, but to be able to assist producers, the optimal delivery system needs to be refined and further developed. In addition, more work will be needed to define the best use of this technology in different geographic regions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nematode Infections/prevention & control; Sheep Diseases/prevention & control*
  6. Fulltext Hepatitis B immunisation status among health care workers in two Kuala Lumpur hospitals
    Hesham R, Zamberi S, Tajunisah ME, Ariza A, Ilina I
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Oct;60(4):407-10.
    PMID: 16570700
    Health care workers (HCW) are at higher risk of acquiring blood borne infections such as hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and human immunodeficiency virus from patients. To minimise exposure, Universal Precautions Policy guidelines were introduced. This study looked into one of the aspects of hepatitis B prevention among HCW in the Malaysian context. The objective of this study was to assess hepatitis B vaccine coverage among HCW. A cross sectional study involving pre-tested questionnaires was undertaken from February 2001 to August 2001. Hospital staff in Hospital Kuala Lumpur and Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia as well as undergraduate students undergoing clinical attachments were randomly chosen. A total of 625 subjects were enrolled. Only 58.4% had taken a complete hepatitis B vaccination. However, 82.2% have taken at least one dose of the hepatitis B vaccine and were supposed to complete the schedule in due course. Not all HCW were protected against hepatitis B. Preventing hepatitis B in HCW should be one of the priorities of the hospital management as it is definitely cheaper than managing chronic hepatitis B cases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hepatitis B/prevention & control*; Occupational Exposure/prevention & control*
  7. Fulltext Laser versus dissection technique of tonsillectomy
    Wan Ishlah L, Fahmi AM, Srinovianti N
    Med J Malaysia, 2005 Mar;60(1):76-80.
    PMID: 16250284
    Tonsillectomy is the single most common operation performed in Ear Nose and Throat Department. Various methods of tonsillectomy have been practiced over the century aimed at reducing or eliminating intraoperative and postoperative morbidity. Due to various blood supplies received, intraoperative bleeding is the most difficult problem and securing it is time-consuming. The time taken to control the bleeding would invariably determine the length of operation. Common postoperative complications are bleeding and pain. This study evaluated the operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative pain and other postoperative complications of tonsillectomy performed by laser as compared to conventional dissection technique. This is a prospective randomized study whereby sixty patients were divided into two groups of equal number. In one group, the tonsillectomy performed by laser and in the other group the tonsillectomy performed by conventional dissection technique. Operative time and amount of blood loss is significantly reduced in the laser group. Total postoperative pain and post operative complications were not significantly different between the two groups. Tonsillectomy by using laser have shown less intraoperative bleeding and shortened the operative time. In the hospital where laser machine and expertise are available, it is justifiable to use this technique as effective method of performing tonsillectomy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pain, Postoperative/prevention & control; Blood Loss, Surgical/prevention & control
  8. Epidemiology of soil-transmitted helminthiases in Malaysia
    Ahmed A, Al-Mekhlafi HM, Surin J
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 2011 May;42(3):527-38.
    PMID: 21706930
    We reviewed the epidemiology of STH in Malaysia from the 1970s to 2009. High prevalence rates persist among the rural Aborigines, estate workers and in urban slums and squatter areas. Trichuris trichiura is the most prevalent helminth in Malaysia ranging from 2.1% to 98.2%. Ascaris lumbricoides follows closely with a prevalence rate of 4.6-86.7%, while hookworm is the least prevalent (0-37.0%). A countrywide control program with special emphasis on school-based intervention is highly recommended among aboriginal people.
    Matched MeSH terms: Helminthiasis/prevention & control; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/prevention & control
  9. Fulltext Knowledge, attitudes and barriers for human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines among Malaysian women
    Al-Dubai SA, Alshagga MA, Al-Naggar RA, Al-Jashamy K, Baobaid MF, Tuang CP, et al.
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2010;11(4):887-92.
    PMID: 21133596
    A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 Malaysian women in the obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinic in a selected hospital in Bangi, Selangor to determine the level of knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccines, attitudes toward HPV vaccination and barriers of being vaccinated. Factors associated with knowledge and attitudes were also addressed with a questionnaire. Seventy eight women (26%) had heard about the HPV virus and 65 about HPV vaccines (21.7%). Marital status was associated significantly with awareness of HPV and HPV vaccine (p=0.002, p=0.002; respectively), in addition to level of education (p=0.042). The percentages of women who reported correct answers for the questions on knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine ranged from 12% to 25%. One hundred fifty nine respondents (53%) had a positive attitude toward HPV vaccination. Age, marital status, and level of education were associated significantly with attitude (p<0.001, p<0.001, p=0.002; respectively). The most important barriers reported were 'unawareness of the vaccine' 'concerned about side effects' and 'afraid of needles'. This study found a very low level of knowledge of HPV and HPV vaccine. Education of population is highly recommended and barriers to being vaccinated should be dealt with seriously.
    Study site: Hospital, Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control; Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control
  10. Effects of non-antibiotic feed additives on performance, tibial dyschondroplasia incidence and tibia characteristics of broilers fed low-calcium diets
    Houshmand M, Azhar K, Zulkifli I, Bejo MH, Meimandipour A, Kamyab A
    J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl), 2011 Jun;95(3):351-8.
    PMID: 21156001 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2010.01061.x
    This experiment was conducted to investigate and compare the efficacy of different feed additives on performance, tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) incidence and tibia characteristics of male broilers fed low-calcium diets. A completely randomized design, with six treatments and five replicates of five chicks per each was used. Experimental treatments were: (i) Basal diet containing recommended level of calcium (0.9%) as control treatment (Ctrl), (ii) low-calcium (0.67%) diet without any additive (LC), (iii) low-calcium diet + probiotic (2 g/kg diet), (iv) low-calcium diet + prebiotic (2 g/kg diet), (v) low-calcium diet + synbiotic [mix of probiotic and prebiotic (each 2 g/kg diet)], (vi) low-calcium diet + organic acid (1.5 g/kg diet). Birds were reared in an open-sided house system under natural tropical condition until 21 days of age. Feeding with low-calcium diet negatively influenced broiler performance (body weight, body weight gain and feed conversion ratio) and tibia characteristics, whereas dietary inclusion of all feed additives had beneficial effects on above-mentioned parameters and helped the birds to overcome problems related to low-calcium diets. Different treatments had no effect on TD incidence.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osteochondrodysplasias/prevention & control; Poultry Diseases/prevention & control
  11. Fulltext Effect of chemical fogging on immature Aedes mosquitoes in natural field conditions
    Chua KB, Chua IL, Chua IE, Chua KH
    Singapore Med J, 2005 Nov;46(11):639-44.
    PMID: 16228097
    Dengue and dengue haemorrhagic fever are common and serious arboviral diseases endemic in a number of countries situated in both the tropical and subtropical belts.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/prevention & control*; Severe Dengue/prevention & control
  12. Antibiotic susceptibility and REP-PCR fingerprints of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from a hospital ten years apart
    Misbah S, AbuBakar S, Hassan H, Hanifah YA, Yusof MY
    J Hosp Infect, 2004 Dec;58(4):254-61.
    PMID: 15564001
    The antibiotic susceptibility profiles and the repetitive extragenic palindromic sequence-based polymerase chain reaction (REP-PCR)-determined genotypes of 109 Acinetobacter strains collected from the University Malaya Medical Center (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, in 1987 (N=21) and 1996-1998 (N=88) were established. Twelve antibiotic susceptibility profiles of antibiotics used at the UMMC were obtained. In descending order of effectiveness, imipenem, amikacin and ciprofloxacin were the most effective against the Acinetobacter strains. Compared with 1987 isolates, the isolates obtained in 1996-1998 had decreased susceptibility to these antibiotics and were tolerant to the antibiotics up to an MIC90 of > or =256 mg/L. REP-PCR DNA fingerprints of all the isolates revealed the presence of four Acinetobacter spp. lineages; 92% of all the isolates belonged to two dominant lineages (genotypes 1 and 4). Genotype 4 isolates predominant in 1987 showed increased resistance and antibiotic tolerance to imipenem, amikacin and ciprofloxacin compared with the 1996-1998 isolates. In contrast, genotype 1 isolates from 1996-1998 were mainly sensitive to these antibiotics. These findings demonstrate the presence of at least two independent Acinetobacter spp. lineages in the same hospital, and suggest the possibility that genotype 4 Acinetobacter spp. acquired the resistance phenotype in situ, whereas most of the genotype 1 isolates were probably introduced to the hospital in recent years.
    Matched MeSH terms: Acinetobacter Infections/prevention & control; Cross Infection/prevention & control
  13. HIV and sexual health knowledge and sexual experience among Australian-born and overseas-born students in Sydney
    Song A, Richters J, Crawford J, Kippax S
    J Adolesc Health, 2005 Sep;37(3):243.
    PMID: 16109347 DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2004.08.032
    PURPOSE: To examine differences between Australian-born and Asian-born first-year university students in Sydney in their sexual behavior and knowledge about the prevention and transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmissible infections (STIs).
    METHODS: Students were recruited from a stall during the student Orientation Week in both 2002 and 2003 at the University of New South Wales. A short questionnaire was completed and returned anonymously. Data on age, gender, country of birth, sexual behavior, and sexual health knowledge were collected. A score was calculated based on the sum of the correct answers given to 12 HIV/STI transmission and prevention questions. The students were then divided into three groups according to their country of birth (Australia, Asia, and elsewhere) and their knowledge scores were compared. Students born in certain Asian countries were also asked their perception of the HIV epidemic in their home country compared with Australia.
    RESULTS: A total of 1185 first-year students completed the questionnaire. Although older on average, Asian-born students were less likely to have had sexual intercourse and had had fewer sexual partners. They also had consistently poorer HIV/STI knowledge scores than Australian-born students. Students born in China, Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore but not Thailand underestimated the prevalence of HIV in their country of birth in comparison with Australia.
    CONCLUSION: The combination of poorer knowledge, apparent misconception of the extent of HIV epidemic in their home country (or Australia), and potential later frequent travel indicates a potential risk for later transmission of HIV/STIs. The university is an underused setting for prevention health education.
    Matched MeSH terms: Sexually Transmitted Diseases/prevention & control*; HIV Infections/prevention & control*
  14. Fulltext Laboratory acute flaccid paralysis surveillance in Malaysia: a decade of commitment to the WHO global polio eradication initiative
    Saraswathy TS, Khairullah NS, Sinniah M, Fauziah MK, Apandi MY, Shamsuddin M
    Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health, 2004 Jun;35(2):421-4.
    PMID: 15691149
    The Institute for Medical Research, Malaysia, was designated the National Reference Laboratory for Poliomyelitis Eradication (NRLPE) in 1992. Since then, our Polio Laboratory has collaborated actively with the Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health (MOH), Malaysia and WHO towards achieving polio eradication. Since 1992, the NRLPE has investigated 1,063 stool specimens from 641 acute flaccidparalysis (AFP) cases. One hundred and one enteroviruses were isolated from these specimens. Positive cell cultures were confirmed by microneutralization assay using standard WHO antisera. All enterovirus isolates were sent to the Victorian Infectious Disease Reference Laboratory in Melbourne, Australia, for further identification and poliovirus intratypic differentiation. Thirty-one out of these 101 virus isolates (30%) were polioviruses (PV) and the remaining 70 (70%) were non-polio enteroviruses (NPEV) which included coxsackie B viruses, echoviruses and enterovirus 71. Three of the poliovirus isolates were wild-type polioviruses isolated in 1992 which were the last wild-type polioviruses isolated in Malaysia. The rest were vaccine-related Sabin-like strains. Monthly reports of the virological investigation of AFP cases are sent to WHO and to the MOH, AFP control committee. The NRLPE continues to play an integral role in AFP surveillance and is committed to the WHO's goal of global polio eradication by the year 2005.
    Matched MeSH terms: Paraplegia/prevention & control*; Poliomyelitis/prevention & control*
  15. Fulltext Training of occupational safety and health: knowledge among healthcare professionals in Malaysia
    Lugah V, Ganesh B, Darus A, Retneswari M, Rosnawati MR, Sujatha D
    Singapore Med J, 2010 Jul;51(7):586-92.
    PMID: 20730400
    Awareness of occupational safety and health (OSH) plays an important role in the prevention of occupational injuries and diseases. Following the enactment of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA) in 1994, various programmes have been implemented by different agencies to increase awareness and knowledge of OSH in the workplace, including among healthcare workers. The objective of this study was to determine the level of OSH awareness and knowledge among healthcare professionals in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Accidents, Occupational/prevention & control; Occupational Diseases/prevention & control*
  16. Knowledge and attitudes about HPV infection, HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer among rural southeast Asian women
    Wong LP
    Int J Behav Med, 2011 Jun;18(2):105-11.
    PMID: 20524163 DOI: 10.1007/s12529-010-9104-y
    BACKGROUND: The incidence of cervical cancer in developing countries is high and even higher among women in rural areas in these countries.
    PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to assess the knowledge and attitudes towards human papillomavirus (HPV), HPV vaccination, and cervical cancer among young women in rural settings in a Southeast Asia country.
    METHODS: A convenience sample of ethnically diverse young rural women in Malaysia was surveyed. Participants were interviewed using a standard questionnaire.
    RESULTS: Among the participants (N = 449), knowledge of HPV, HPV vaccination, cervical screening, and cervical cancer risk factors was extremely poor. The mean total knowledge score (14 items) was 2.37 (SD ± 1.97). Although many had never heard of the newly released HPV vaccine, two-thirds professed an intention to receive the HPV vaccine. Intention to receive the vaccine was significantly associated with knowledge of cervical screening and cervical cancer risk factors (OR 1.17; 95% CI 1.03-1.33; P = 0.013). Reasons for vaccine refusal were doubts about safety and efficacy of the new vaccine (27.4%), perceived embarrassment at receiving an STI vaccine (20.7%), and perception of not being at risk of HPV infection (20.0%).
    CONCLUSIONS: Providing HPV education to the rural residents is a high priority.
    Matched MeSH terms: Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/prevention & control*; Papillomavirus Infections/prevention & control*
  17. Two outbreaks of Burkholderia cepacia nosocomial infection in a neonatal intensive care unit
    Lee JK
    J Paediatr Child Health, 2008 Jan;44(1-2):62-6.
    PMID: 17640280
    An outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia septicaemia occurred in our neonatal unit over a 9-week period in 2001, affecting 23 babies and two died. A second outbreak lasting 8 days occurred a year later, affecting five babies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cross Infection/prevention & control; Burkholderia Infections/prevention & control
  18. Contributing factors, prevention, and management of playing-related musculoskeletal disorders among flute players internationally
    Lonsdale K, Laakso EL, Tomlinson V
    Med Probl Perform Art, 2014 Sep;29(3):155-62.
    PMID: 25194113
    Major studies have shown that flutists report playing-related pain in the neck, middle/upper back, shoulders, wrists, and hands. The current survey was designed to establish the injury concerns of flute players and teachers of all backgrounds, as well as their knowledge and awareness of injury prevention and management. Questions addressed a range of issues including education, history of injuries, preventative and management strategies, lifestyle factors, and teaching methods. At the time of the survey, 26.7% of all respondents were suffering from flute playing-related discomfort or pain; 49.7% had experienced flute playing-related discomfort or pain that was severe enough to distract while performing; and 25.8% had taken an extended period of time off playing because of discomfort or pain. Consistent with earlier studies, the most common pain sites were the fingers, hands, arms, neck, middle/upper back, and shoulders. Further research is needed to establish possible links between sex, instrument types, and ergonomic set up. Further investigation is recommended to ascertain whether certain types of physical training, education, and practice approaches may be more suitable than current methods. A longitudinal study researching the relationship between early education, playing position, ergonomic set-up, and prevalence of injury is recommended.
    Matched MeSH terms: Occupational Diseases/prevention & control*; Musculoskeletal Pain/prevention & control*
  19. Fulltext Factors associated with larval control practices in a dengue outbreak prone area
    Mohamad M, Selamat MI, Ismail Z
    J Environ Public Health, 2014;2014:459173.
    PMID: 25309602 DOI: 10.1155/2014/459173
    In order to reduce the risk of dengue outbreak recurrence in a dengue outbreak prone area, the members of the community need to sustain certain behavior to prevent mosquito from breeding. Our study aims to identify the factors associated with larval control practices in this particular community. A cross-sectional study involves 322 respondents living in a dengue outbreak prone area who were interviewed using a pretested questionnaire. The level of knowledge about Aedes mosquitoes, dengue transmission, its symptoms, and personal preventive measures ranges from fair to good. The level of attitude towards preventive measures was high. However, reported level of personal larval control practices was low (33.2%). Our multiple logistic regression analysis showed that only those with a good level of attitude towards personal preventive measure and frequent attendance to health campaigns were significantly associated with the good larval control practices. We conclude that, in a dengue outbreak prone area, having a good attitude towards preventive measures and frequent participation in health campaigns are important factors to sustain practices on larval control.
    Matched MeSH terms: Dengue/prevention & control*; Disease Outbreaks/prevention & control*
  20. Identifying the need for a multidisciplinary approach for early recognition of mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI)
    Choy YS, Bhattacharya K, Balasubramaniam S, Fietz M, Fu A, Inwood A, et al.
    Mol Genet Metab, 2015 May;115(1):41-7.
    PMID: 25892708 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2015.03.005
    Mucopolysaccharidosis VI (MPS VI, Maroteaux-Lamy syndrome) is caused by deficient activity of the enzyme, N-acetylgalactosamine-4-sulfatase, resulting in impaired degradation of the glycosaminoglycan dermatan sulfate. Patients experience a range of manifestations including joint contractures, short stature, dysostosis multiplex, coarse facial features, decreased pulmonary function, cardiac abnormalities, corneal clouding and shortened life span. Recently, clinicians from institutions in the Asia-Pacific region met to discuss the occurrence and implications of delayed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of MPS VI in the patients they have managed. Eighteen patients (44% female) were diagnosed. The most common sign presented by the patients was bone deformities in 11 patients (65%). Delays to diagnosis occurred due to the lack of or distance to diagnostic facilities for four patients (31%), alternative diagnoses for two patients (15%), and misleading symptoms experienced by two patients (15%). Several patients experienced manifestations that were subtler than would be expected and were subsequently overlooked. Several cases highlighted the unique challenges associated with diagnosing MPS VI from the perspective of different specialties and provide insights into how these patients initially present, which may help to elucidate strategies to improve the diagnosis of MPS VI.
    Matched MeSH terms: Diagnostic Errors/prevention & control; Delayed Diagnosis/prevention & control
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