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'We work together as a group': implications of jigsaw cooperative learning

Jeppu AK, Kumar KA, Sethi A

BMC Med Educ, 2023 Oct 06;23(1):734.
PMID: 37803418 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04734-y

BACKGROUND: Modern clinical practice increasingly relies on collaborative, cooperative and team-based approaches for effective patient care. Recently, Jigsaw cooperative learning has gained attention in medical education. There is a need for studies in Southeast Asian context to establish its effectives in developing various core competencies expected of health professionals such as interpersonal, communication, collaborative, and teamwork skills. This current study explores the impact of using Jigsaw Cooperative Learning on undergraduate medical students.
METHOD: An explanatory mixed method research design was carried out on first year medical students at a private university in Malaysia. In Phase I, a survey was conducted to explore the effectiveness of jigsaw learning. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated using SPSS. In Phase II, a focus group interview was conducted to explore their in-depth experiences. Qualitative data were thematically analysed.
RESULTS: Fifty-seven students participated in the survey and seven students took part in the focus group interview. Quantitative data analysis showed a statistically significant improvement in the student's individual accountability, promotive interaction, positive interdependence, interpersonal skill, communication skill, teamwork skill, critical thinking and consensus building after jigsaw learning sessions. Qualitative data explained their experiences in-depth.
CONCLUSION: Jigsaw cooperative learning improves collaboration, communication, cooperation and critical thinking among the undergraduate medical students. Educators should use jigsaw learning methods to encourage effective collaboration and team working. Future studies should explore the effectiveness of the jigsaw cooperative learning technique in promoting interprofessional collaboration in the workplace.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
A case of sexual abuse by a traditional faith healer: are there potential preventions?

Chan LF, Tan SM, Ang JK, Kamal Nor N, Sharip S

J Child Sex Abus, 2012;21(6):613-20.
PMID: 23194137 DOI: 10.1080/10538712.2012.719597

Adolescent sexual abuse is not an uncommon phenomenon in Malaysia. It is a traumatic experience that complicates the psychosocial development of young people on the threshold of adulthood. This case report highlights the psychosocial sequelae of adolescent sexual abuse by a traditional healer and discusses management issues in the context of unique cultural and belief systems.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Fulltext Cognitive-behavioral treatment of panic disorder with agoraphobia

Ponnusamy, S., Shazli Ezzat Ghazali

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2005;3(2):67-78.
MyJurnal

This paper reports a clinical case study on the effectiveness of Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment (CBT) in treating panic attack with agoraphobia in a local health psychology clinic. M.N., a 24 year old male, complained of nightmares, heart palpitations, sweating, tremors and fearful feelings for the past one and a half years. He felt anxious about going to crowded places such as bus stations, night markets, supermarkets, and mosques and being left alone in any place which he was not familiar with. This case study adopted an ABC design whereby the subject was assessed at three different phases: pre-treatment, mid-treatment and post-treatment. Four standard assessment measures were administered: Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Anxiety Scale of Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The subject responded well to 12 sessions of intervention employed in the study based on CBT model and this could be noticed by minimal score on the entire psychological test administered. The application of behavioral and cognitive strategies became more effective due to patient’s ability to understand and also due to his cooperative behavior. He responded well to imagery exposure and in-vivo gradual exposure and successfully went to shopping malls, used lifts at Kuala Lumpur Tower, went to night markets and used public transport.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Fulltext Third Decade of Health professional education at the International Medical University: driven by the 3 I’s of IMU

Siang Tong Kew

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2013;7(1):24-28.
MyJurnal

Building on two decades as a private health professional university, the International Medical University prepares for the third decade, taking stock of the challenges in changing epidemiology and pattern of disease, changing demography and healthcare, as well as explosion in knowledge and information technology. The Global Independent Commission1 provided a framework for instructional and institutional reforms, and the IMU will use its 3 I’s (insight, imagination & innovation) in adopting these measures. Some of the instructional reforms are already in place, others need to be further nurtured and promoted. In its third decade, competency based curriculum, inter-professional learning, IT, global collaboration, educational resources, new professionalism and emphasis on quality improvement will help ensure IMU train and produce competent, caring and ethical health professionals fit to tackle 21st century challenges.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
A survey evaluating nurses' perception and expectations towards the role of pharmacist in Pakistan's healthcare system

Azhar S, Hassali MA, Mohamed Ibrahim MI, Saleem F, Siow Yen L

J Adv Nurs, 2012 Jan;68(1):199-205.
PMID: 21658097 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2648.2011.05728.x

This paper is a report of a study of nurses' perception towards the role of pharmacist in Pakistan healthcare setup.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
The relationship between organizational strategies and personality change among peasants in West Malaysia

Sivalingam G

J Soc Psychol, 1976 Apr;98(Second Half):165-74.
PMID: 1256028
Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Fulltext The impact of a prevention delivery system on perceived social capital: the PROSPER project

Chilenski SM, Ang PM, Greenberg MT, Feinberg ME, Spoth R

Prev Sci, 2014 Apr;15(2):125-137.
PMID: 23404665 DOI: 10.1007/s11121-012-0347-5

The current study examined the impact of the PROSPER delivery system for evidence-based prevention programs on multiple indicators of social capital in a rural and semi-rural community sample. Utilizing a randomized blocked design, 317 individuals in 28 communities across two states were interviewed at three time points over the course of 2.5 years. Bridging, linking, and the public life skills forms of social capital were assessed via community members' and leaders' reports on the perceptions of school functioning and the Cooperative Extension System, collaboration among organizations, communication and collaboration around youth problems, and other measures. Longitudinal mixed model results indicate significant improvements in some aspects of bridging and linking social capital in PROSPER intervention communities. Given the strength of the longitudinal and randomized research design, results advance prevention science by suggesting that community collaborative prevention initiatives can significantly impact community social capital in a rural and semi-rural sample. Future research should further investigate changes in social capital in different contexts and how changes in social capital relate to other intervention effects.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Conceptualizing and measuring youth-adult partnership in community programs: a cross national study

Zeldin S, Krauss SE, Collura J, Lucchesi M, Sulaiman AH

Am J Community Psychol, 2014 Dec;54(3-4):337-47.
PMID: 25216734 DOI: 10.1007/s10464-014-9676-9

Youth participation in program and community decision making is framed by scholars as an issue of social justice, a platform for positive youth development and effective citizenry, and a strategy for nation building. Recent literature reviews have consistently identified youth-adult partnership (Y-AP) as an effective type of youth participation across highly diverse contexts. These same reviews, however, note that indicators of Y-AP have not been conceptualized and validated for measurement purposes. The present study addresses this limitation by developing a brief measure of Y-AP that is explicitly grounded in current theory, research, and community practice. The measure was administered to youth in the United States, Malaysia, and Portugal (N = 610). Validation was assessed through factor analysis and tests of factorial, discriminant, and concurrent validity. Results confirmed the two predicted dimensions of the Y-AP measure: youth voice in decision making and supportive adult relationships. These two dimensions were also found to be distinct from other measures of program quality: safety and engagement. As predicted, they also significantly correlated with measures of agency and empowerment. It is concluded that the measure has the potential to support community efforts to maximize the quality of youth programs.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior*
Fulltext Older adults with cognitive impairment living in Malaysian nursing homes - have we met their needs?

Azlina Wati Nikmat, Syed Hassan Almashoor

ASEAN Journal of Psychiatry, 2015;16(1):84-94.
MyJurnal

Objective: Transition of people with cognitive impairment to nursing home is often an option when their disease progresses and their needs become too complex. The aim of this study was to identify the needs of people with cognitive impairment living in nursing homes and factors associated with higher level of needs.
Methods: A cross sectional survey involving 110 respondents with cognitive impairment aged ≥60 was carried out. Respondents were assessed using the Short Mini Mental State Examination (SMMSE), Camberwell Assessment of Needs for Elderly (CANE), Barthel Index (BI), Friendship Scale (FS), and Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS).
Results: Respondents with cognitive impairment had a mean of 2.81 (SD=3.72) for unmet needs and 11.95 (SD=3.14) for the met needs, with higher mean suggesting a better outcome measure. The most frequent unmet needs were intimate relationships (66.40%), company (40.00%), and daytime activity (34.50%). Unmet needs were significantly associated with depression, social isolation, and cognitive impairment.
Conclusion: Most of the needs of people with cognitive impairment in nursing homes were fulfilled, except in social area. Therefore, attention should be given in improving the care system, which emphasizes collaboration between people with cognitive impairment, family members, community, and government in helping to reduce the risk of loneliness in those with cognitive impairment.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Fulltext T-DepExp: simulating transitive dependence based coalition formation

Ashutosh, Kumar Singh, Billy, Pik Lik Lau, Terence, Peng Lian Tan

Pertanika Journal of Science & Technology, 2015;23(1):105-117.
MyJurnal

In this paper, we introduce T-DepExp system to simulate the transitive dependence based coalition formation (CF). It is a multi-agent based simulation (MABS) tool that aims to enhance cooperation between agents through transitive dependence. Previously, the transitive dependence was introduced by An and his colleagues for expressing the indirect dependence between agents in their cooperation. However, it did not receive much attention. Although it has a few problems need to be addressed, we try to propose our own mechanism to increase the efficiency of the transitive dependence based CF. To simulate MAS dependence relationship, we have included two fundamental dependence relationships in this MABS tool, which are AND-Dependence and OR-Dependence. In addition, the architecture of the T-DepExp system is presented and discussed. It allows possible integration of other features such as budget mechanism and trust model. Subsequently, hypothesis for the experiments and experimental setup are explained. The overall system will be demonstrated for its functionality and the experimental results will also be discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Structured student-generated videos for first-year students at a dental school in Malaysia

Omar H, Khan SA, Toh CG

J Dent Educ, 2013 May;77(5):640-7.
PMID: 23658411

Student-generated videos provide an authentic learning experience for students, enhance motivation and engagement, improve communication skills, and improve collaborative learning skills. This article describes the development and implementation of a student-generated video activity as part of a knowledge, observation, simulation, and experience (KOSE) program at the School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It also reports the students' perceptions of an activity that introduced first-year dental students (n=44) to clinical scenarios involving patients and dental team aiming to improve professional behavior and communication skills. The learning activity was divided into three phases: preparatory phase, video production phase, and video-watching. Students were organized into five groups and were instructed to generate videos addressing given clinical scenarios. Following the activity, students' perceptions were assessed with a questionnaire. The results showed that 86 percent and 88 percent, respectively, of the students agreed that preparation of the activity enhanced their understanding of the role of dentists in provision of health care and the role of enhanced teamwork. In addition, 86 percent and 75 percent, respectively, agreed that the activity improved their communication and project management skills. Overall, the dental students perceived that the student-generated video activity was a positive experience and enabled them to play the major role in driving their learning process.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Attitudes of dental and chiropractic students towards a shared learning programme-An interprofessional learning model

Omar H, Khan S, Haneline M, Toh CG

Eur J Dent Educ, 2021 Aug;25(3):592-599.
PMID: 33222374 DOI: 10.1111/eje.12636

INTRODUCTION: Interprofessional learning (IPL) is the first stage towards the goal of interprofessional collaborative care. To enhance IPL experience, the School of Dentistry, International Medical University developed an IPL model based on the core competencies and the learning outcomes for dental and chiropractic students in their second and fourth year, respectively. The model was based on experiential learning and adult learning theories in addition to Miller's framework for clinical competencies.
METHODS: The programme was developed as a student-centred, collaborative approach to achieve the learning outcomes for dental and chiropractic students. Second-year dental students (n = 46) and chiropractic students (n = 23) in their fourth year participated in the programme. The focus of the programme was to address the prevention of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) amongst dental students and to provide the chiropractic students with the opportunity to assess and identify risk factors for WMSDs in the dental setting. The readiness for interprofessional learning scale (RIPLS) questionnaire was completed prior to the interprofessional education programme and once again afterwards to determine dental and chiropractic students' awareness of roles and responsibilities of the other profession, and their attitudes to interprofessional education and teamwork.
RESULTS: Dental and chiropractic students showed similar levels of readiness for shared learning. The results of this study suggest that the IPL programme contributed to the development of the students' positive perceptions towards the positive professional identity and the roles of other healthcare professionals.
CONCLUSION: This study provides initial support for the integrated interprofessional learning experiences within the school. The results of the study will shape future curricula changes to further strengthen interprofessional education and subsequent interprofessional collaborative care.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Fulltext Bridging the research and cultural-practice gap in early language intervention in Malaysia

Deborah Xinyi Yong, Tze-Peng Wong

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2015;13(2):11-18.
MyJurnal

“Following the child’s lead” and “collaborative consultation with parents” are solidly grounded in the best practice of
early language intervention. However, the success of these two practices are based on assumptions that they are valued by
families and that they can be feasibly implemented by the attending speech-language pathologist (SLP). Such assumptions
can be unjustified in cultures that value the use of “adult-guided instructions” over following the child’s lead and when
the work setting of the SLP does not readily accommodate those practices. This article takes the form of a position paper.
Through review of the literature, the paper (1) identifies the research-cultural practice gap in early language intervention
in Malaysia; (2) positions the two research-informed practices – following the child’s lead and collaborative consultation
with parents, on the continuum of intrusiveness in early language intervention; and (3) proposes the techniques of Milieu
Teaching as an approach to bridge the research-cultural practice gap in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Peer-guided cooperative learning enhances the performance of refresher students

Torke S, Abraham RR, Ramnarayan K, Upadhya S

Adv Physiol Educ, 2007 Mar;31(1):118.
PMID: 17327594
Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Attitudes of medical school deans toward interprofessional education in Western Pacific Region countries

Lee B, Celletti F, Makino T, Matsui H, Watanabe H

J Interprof Care, 2012 Nov;26(6):479-83.
PMID: 22830530 DOI: 10.3109/13561820.2012.706336

To examine the attitudes of medical school deans toward interprofessional education (IPE) and collaborative practice (CP), we conducted survey research in the Western Pacific Region. This regional survey was conducted as a collaborative research project with the World Health Organization. A survey was distributed to the medical school deans in Malaysia, the Philippines, Republic of Korea and Japan. Thirty-five surveys were returned from four countries. The survey demonstrated that many medical school deans have positive attitudes toward IPE and CP. However, respondents also reported that it is not easy to introduce interprofessional learning in their academic settings. It is suggested that collaboration between education systems and health systems is needed to introduce IPE in the academic setting. The possible role of international organizations is mentioned. This information helps to identify local efforts on which global health organizations and national governments can build.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Fulltext Chief dentists' perceived strengths and weaknesses of oral health promotion activities in Malaysia

Ab Murat, N., Watt, R.G.

Ann Dent, 2006;13(1):1-5.
MyJurnal

The main aim of this study is to get the Malaysian chief dentists’ perceptions of the oral health promotion activities currently taking place in their respective states in terms of the strengths and weaknesses of these activities. A qualitative method using an open-ended questionnaire was used to obtain this information. The study samples consist of all the chief dentists in Malaysia who represented a majority of population in their states. The results showed that the main current oral health promotion activities is dental health education talks which aims to disseminate oral health information through health education talks, toothbrushing drills, dental exhibition, pamphlets, brochures and publications. Half of the respondents felt that the commitment of the staff, the support of the public sectors and collaboration with other agencies are the main strengths while the lack of staff and fund has been said as the weaknesses. A range of opportunities however exist to strengthen oral health promotion in Malaysia.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Fulltext Alternative futures for Borneo show the value of integrating economic and conservation targets across borders

Runting RK, Meijaard E, Abram NK, Wells JA, Gaveau DL, Ancrenaz M, et al.

Nat Commun, 2015 04 14;6:6819.
PMID: 25871635 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms7819

Balancing economic development with international commitments to protect biodiversity is a global challenge. Achieving this balance requires an understanding of the possible consequences of alternative future scenarios for a range of stakeholders. We employ an integrated economic and environmental planning approach to evaluate four alternative futures for the mega-diverse island of Borneo. We show what could be achieved if the three national jurisdictions of Borneo coordinate efforts to achieve their public policy targets and allow a partial reallocation of planned land uses. We reveal the potential for Borneo to simultaneously retain ∼50% of its land as forests, protect adequate habitat for the Bornean orangutan (Pongo pygmaeus) and Bornean elephant (Elephas maximus borneensis), and achieve an opportunity cost saving of over US$43 billion. Such coordination would depend on enhanced information sharing and reforms to land-use planning, which could be supported by the increasingly international nature of economies and conservation efforts.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Performance measures of strategic university-industry collaborations in Malaysia: dyadic multicases approach

Chong, Aik Lee, Sakaria Abas, Yee, Angelina Seow Voon

CREAM : Current Research in Malaysia (Penyelidikan Terkini di Malaysia), 2013;2(1):5-24.
MyJurnal

Collaboration without performance measures is likened to a football game without a scoreboard. Traditionally, universities have operated in isolation industry and vice versa. University and industry were formed with different agenda and objectives. Fundamentally, a university is a nonprofit oriented organisation while industry is profit oriented. However, industrialisation and egalitarian awakening in the early 20'" century gradually brought university and industry together. Currently, university and industry are increasingly seeking avenues to collaborate strategically. Nevertheless, 50% to 70% of collaborative efforts fail prematurely due to the lack of performance measures. In light of that, there is a need to search for a set of holistic performance measures. Therefore, this study is undertaken to determine the performance measures of strategic university industry collaborations in Malaysia using dyadic multicases approach. The researcher analyses multiple cases from the perspectives of university and industry within a bounded system via qualitative research methodology. Interviews respondents were from university and industry. From the 68 interviews conducted, university and industry respondents shared their experiences on the need for performance measures to include trust, commitment, enterprise, communication, complementary, flexibility, commercialisation and resources on top of conventional performance measures like agreed objectives, timelines, financial indicators and reporting. With that, a set of holistic performance measures is established from interviews. The main contributions of the research findings are: (i) to policy-making for the Ministry of Higher Education of Malaysia; and (ii) to the body of knowledge in investigating the performance measures in satisfactory performance of strategic university-industry collaboration.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Fulltext Challenges in clinical research in Malaysia

Zabidi-Hussin ZA

Med J Malaysia, 2007 Oct;62(4):275-7.
PMID: 18551927 MyJurnal
Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior
Fulltext Biomedical and health sciences publication productivity from Malaysia

Zainal H, Zainab AN

Health Info Libr J, 2011 Sep;28(3):216-25.
PMID: 21831221 DOI: 10.1111/j.1471-1842.2011.00943.x

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine Malaysian contributions in the field of biomedical and health sciences.
METHODS: In this study, 3697 publications affiliated to Malaysian addresses from the sci database between 1990 and 2005 were sampled. This study also explored publication productivity trends, authorship and collaboration pattern, core journals used, and citations obtained.
RESULTS: Main contributions were journal articles (73.3%). Most authors (63.7%) contributed only one article and 16.1% produced over 30-68 publications. Multi-authored works were the norm. The productive authors were named either first or second in publications. There were active collaborations with authors from Asia-Pacific countries (35%) and Europe (30%). The majority of publications were contributed by institutions of higher learning (87%). Core journals used follow quite close to Bradford's zonal ratios of 44:152:581. The active research areas were identified. About 71.3% of publications received citations especially those published from 1995 to 1999.
CONCLUSION: This study helped librarians identify active researchers, active research areas and journals relevant to biomedical and health sciences researchers and useful when producing reports to university management and planning medical collection policies and deciding on journal subscriptions and cancellations.

Matched MeSH terms: Cooperative Behavior

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