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Fulltext Ethical Guiding Principles of "Do No Harm" and the "Intention to Save Lives" in relation to Human Embryonic Stem Cell Research: Finding Common Ground between Religious Views and Principles of Medical Ethics

Sivaraman MAF

Asian Bioeth Rev, 2019 Dec;11(4):409-435.
PMID: 33717326 DOI: 10.1007/s41649-019-00103-4

One of the goals of medicine is to improve well-being, in line with the principle of beneficence (do no harm). Likewise, scientists claim that the goal of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) research is to find treatments for diseases. In hESC research, stem cells are harvested from a 5-day-old embryo. Surplus embryos from infertility treatments or embryos created for the sole purpose of harvesting stem cells are used in the research, and in the process the embryos get destroyed. The use of human embryos for research purpose raises ethical concern. In this context, the religious leaders play the role to be the moral compass and "reality check" to engage with the public. In Malaysia, the Ministry of Health has outlined the Guidelines for Stem Cell Research and Therapy, reflecting on Islamic principles. Since there has not been much focus on the viewpoints of other faiths in Malaysia, this study attempts to (i) explore the ethical guiding principles deliberated by religious leaders from the Buddhist, Hindu and Catholic traditions and (ii) identify if there is a common ground between the mainstream religious views and principles of medical ethics, in relation to hESC research. Eleven religious leaders representing the Buddhist, Hindu and Catholic traditions were interviewed. Interestingly, though reasoning of religious leaders came from different angles, their underlying concerns revolve around the values of "do no harm" and "intention to save lives". These values are also the key principles in medical ethics. The findings are applied to answer the question as to whether religious and medical guiding principles can co-exist and complement in ethical decision-making, without compromising the values.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Understanding the Turning Point of Patients with Diabetes

Hashim SM, Idris IB, Sharip S, Bahari R, Jahan N

Korean J Fam Med, 2021 Mar;42(2):123-131.
PMID: 32418396 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.19.0177

BACKGROUND: The patient's intention to engage in diabetes care is the hallmark of role acceptance as a health manager and implies one's readiness to change. The study aimed to understand the process of having the intention to engage in diabetes care.
METHODS: A qualitative study using narrative inquiry was conducted at a public primary care clinic. Ten participants with type 2 diabetes of more than a 1-year duration were selected through purposive sampling. In-depth interviews were conducted using a semi-structured protocol guide and were audio-taped. The interviews were transcribed and the texts were analyzed using a thematic approach with the Atlas.ti ver. 8.0 software (Scientific Software Development GmbH, Berlin, Germany).
RESULTS: Three themes emerged from the analysis. The first theme, "Initial reactions toward diabetes," described the early impression of diabetes encompassing negative emotions, feeling of acceptance, a lack of concern, and low level of perceived efficacy. "Process of discovery" was the second overarching theme marking the journey of participants in finding the exact truth about diabetes and learning the consequences of ignoring their responsibility in diabetes care. The third theme, "Making the right decision," highlighted that fear initiated a decision-making process and together with goal-setting paved the way for participants to reach a turning point, moving toward engagement in their care.
CONCLUSION: Our findings indicated that fear could be a motivator for change, but a correct cognitive appraisal of diabetes and perceived efficacy of the treatment as well as one's ability are essentially the pre-requisites for patients to reach the stage of having the intention to engage.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext What Influences the Perceived Trust of a Voice-Enabled Smart Home System: An Empirical Study

Liu Y, Gan Y, Song Y, Liu J

Sensors (Basel), 2021 Mar 13;21(6).
PMID: 33805702 DOI: 10.3390/s21062037

Contemporarily, almost all the global IT giants have aimed at the smart home industry and made an active strategic business layout. As the early-stage and entry-level product of the voice-enabled smart home industry, the smart speakers have been going through rapid development and rising fierce market competition globally in recent years. China, one of the most populous and largest markets in the world, has tremendous business potential in the smart home industry. The market sales of smart speakers in China have gone through rapid growth in the past three years. However, the market penetration rate of related smart home devices and equipment still stays extremely low and far from mass adoption. Moreover, the market sales of smart speakers have also entered a significant slowdown and adjustment period since 2020. Chinese consumers have moved from early impulsive consumption to a rational consumption phase about this early-stage smart home product. Trust in the marketing field is considered an indispensable component of all business transactions, which plays a crucial role in adopting new technologies. This study explores the influencing factors of Chinese users' perceived trust in the voice-enabled smart home systems, uses structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze the interaction mechanism between different variables, and establishes a perceived trust model through 475 valid samples. The model includes six variables: system quality, familiarity, subjective norm, technology optimism, perceived enjoyment, and perceived trust. The result shows that system quality is the essential influence factor that impacts all other variables and could significantly affect the perceived trust. Perceived enjoyment is the most direct influence variable affected by system quality, subjective norm, and technology optimism, and it positively affects the perceived trust in the end. The subjective norm is one of the most distinguishing variables for Chinese users, since China has a collectivist consumption culture. People always expect their behavior to meet social expectations and standards to avoid criticism and acquire social integration. Therefore, policy guidance, authoritative opinions, and people with important reference roles will significantly affect consumers' perceived trust and purchase intention. Familiarity and technology optimism are important influential factors that will have an indirect impact on the perceived trust. The related results of this study can help designers, practitioners, and researchers of the smart home industry produce products and services with higher perceived trust to improve consumers' adoption and acceptance so that the market penetration rate of related products and enterprises could be increased, and the maturity and development of the voice-enabled smart home industry could be promoted.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Associated factors of job satisfaction among healthcare workers in health clinics under Petaling District Health Office jurisdiction

Ahmad Faizul Abd Rahman Sazli, Ahmad Azuhairi Ariffin

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2019;15(104):103-103.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Low job satisfaction among healthcare workers may lead to high turnover intention, poor job perfor-mance, high absenteeism, and low patient satisfaction. Global and local needs for health workforce are increasing in trend to meet current health demands. Addressing job satisfaction of the healthcare workers is a practical way to uti-lise the available human resources optimally. The main aim of this study is to determine job satisfaction level and its associated factors among healthcare workers in health clinics under the Petaling District Health Office jurisdiction in Selangor, Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among healthcare workers in ten health clinics in Petaling District from April until May 2019. Simple random sampling method proportionate to the number of staffs from each health clinics was done. A structured self-administered questionnaire was used. Results: The response rate was 93%. Majority of the respondent were female (83%), married (82%), diploma holder (41%), nurses (33%) and working in health clinics with specialists (93%). The job satisfaction mean score for the studied population was 4.46 (SD = 0.72). Self-rated physical health and mental stress status were significantly associated with job satisfaction (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The job satisfaction level of the studied population was comparable to other local studies and higher than studies from Iran, Ethiopia and China. Extra attention should be given to healthcare workers with poor physical health and poor mental stress. More objective study on physical health and mental stress is required.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Heel Pad Reconstruction With Medial Plantar Flap

Langat AS, Wan Sulaiman WA, Mat Johar SFN

Cureus, 2021 Mar 19;13(3):e13987.
PMID: 33884238 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13987

The heel of the foot is covered by highly specialized thick, glabrous skin containing fibroadipose tissue with numerous fibrous septae traversing the subcutaneous tissue, which acts as a shock-absorbent and prevents shearing of the skin. The loss of heel pad would cause interruption of the propelling function of the foot during walking. Therefore, heel pad reconstruction is an important procedure for wound closure in the acute phase and also functional reconstruction in delayed cases. We report a case of heel pad deformity in a patient who presented to us with left heel pain and inability to fully bear weight, which has caused her walking difficulty, following a road traffic accident. She sustained a degloving injury of the left foot and an open fracture of left calcaneum with ruptured Tendon Achilles in which the wound was initially addressed with failed reverse sural flap and the wound was allowed to heal by secondary intention. Delayed heel reconstruction was carried out with a propeller medial plantar flap and split skin graft. Postoperatively, the patient had improved functional and esthetic outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Healthy Eating Determinants: A Study among Malaysian Young Adults

Mamun AA, Hayat N, Zainol NRB

Foods, 2020 Jul 23;9(8).
PMID: 32717851 DOI: 10.3390/foods9080974

This study aimed to examine the effect of health consciousness, knowledge about healthy food, attitudes toward healthy food, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control on the intention to consume healthy food, which subsequently affects the consumption of healthy food among Malaysian young adults. The current study also examined the moderating effect of perceived barriers on the association between intention to consume healthy food and the consumption of healthy food. This study adopted a cross-sectional design and collected quantitative data from 1651 Malaysian young adults (between the age of 18 and 40 years) by sharing a Google form link through social media. The findings reveal that health consciousness, knowledge about healthy food, attitude toward healthy food, subjective norms, and perceived behavioural control had a significant positive effect on the intention to consume healthy food. Findings also show that the intention to consume healthy food has a significant positive effect on the consumption of healthy food among Malaysian young adults. Furthermore, the findings reveal the positive and significant mediating effect of the intention to consume healthy food and the significant moderating effect of perceived barriers on the association between the intention to consume healthy food and the consumption of healthy food. The multi-group analysis revealed that the effect of perceived barriers on the consumption of healthy food and the moderating effect of perceived barriers were significantly higher among urban respondents. Health and agriculture policymakers should focus on the attributes of healthy eating practices and their health benefits to promote the mass adoption of healthy food among Malaysian young adults.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Analysis on Entrepreneurship Psychology of Preschool Education Students With Entrepreneurial Intention

Yin Y, Yang L, Liu B

Front Psychol, 2020;11:1559.
PMID: 32733339 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01559

To diversify the creative thinking of preschool education students and improve their ability to innovate and start a business, a survey of preschool education students under entrepreneurial psychology theory was conducted in this research. Based on the theoretical foundation of entrepreneurial psychology, this article analyzed the entrepreneurial psychological quality and psychological education of college students. By investigating preschool education students in a certain college in Sichuan as the research object, the author explored the current entrepreneurial intentions of college students and their entrepreneurial psychological problems. In response to the current entrepreneurial situation of college graduates, relevant countermeasures were proposed from the perspective of the school to support their entrepreneurial psychology. Among the 205 preschool education college students, the students were more willing to give full play to their professional expertise in terms of employment intentions. At the same time, there were still situations in which students were dissatisfied with the prospects of preschool education career development and wanted to achieve the value of life through other approaches. Most students in preschool education had a wait-and-see attitude toward entrepreneurship. Only 35% of students had a clear intention to start a business and made their plans for entrepreneurship. More than 90% of students held that they had developed inadequate entrepreneurial ability, and 80% of students believed that they lacked the required professional knowledge. These two factors constitute the main reasons for students' negative attitudes toward entrepreneurship. Nevertheless, colleges may stimulate the potential of students' self-development through the improvement of entrepreneurial psychological education courses, the construction of psychological consultation institutions on campus, and the establishment of interactive platforms for entrepreneurship. In this way, students' entrepreneurial psychology can be cultivated in an all-round way. Therefore, to deal with the weak overall entrepreneurial consciousness of college students, the colleges should cultivate entrepreneurial innovative talents by strengthening the psychological education of entrepreneurship for students, and help college students achieve entrepreneurial success.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Dataset on the Acceptance of e-learning System among Universities Students' under the COVID-19 Pandemic Conditions

Al-Okaily M, Alqudah H, Matar A, Lutfi A, Taamneh A

Data Brief, 2020 Aug 18.
PMID: 32837976 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.106176

The COVID-19 pandemic has produced an unprecedented change in the educational system worldwide. Besides the economic and social impacts, there is a dilemma of accepting the new educational system "e-learning" by students within educational institutions. In particular, universities students have to handle several kinds of environmental, electronic and mental struggles due to COVID-19. To catch the current circumstances of more than two hundred thousand Jordanian university student during COVID-19. 2,500 students have been randomly selected to respond on an online survey using universities' portals and websites between March and April 2020. At the end of the data gathering process, we have received 587 records. The dataset includes 1) Demographics of students; 2) students' perspectives concerning the factors influencing their intention to use e-learning system within the Jordanian universities context. Data were analyzed using Partial Least Squares - Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM). Next, the result has confirmed the positive of direct effect variables (subjective norm, perceived ease of use, and perceived usefulness) on the students' intention to use e-learning system. Next, the result has also confirmed the mediating effect of perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use between subjective norm and the behavioral intention to use the e-learning system with partially supported.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Side chain similarity comparisons for integrated drug repositioning and potential toxicity assessments in epidemic response scenarios: The case for COVID-19

Ab Ghani NS, Emrizal R, Makmur H, Firdaus-Raih M

Comput Struct Biotechnol J, 2020;18:2931-2944.
PMID: 33101604 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2020.10.013

Structures of protein-drug-complexes provide an atomic level profile of drug-target interactions. In this work, the three-dimensional arrangements of amino acid side chains in known drug binding sites (substructures) were used to search for similarly arranged sites in SARS-CoV-2 protein structures in the Protein Data Bank for the potential repositioning of approved compounds. We were able to identify 22 target sites for the repositioning of 16 approved drug compounds as potential therapeutics for COVID-19. Using the same approach, we were also able to investigate the potentially promiscuous binding of the 16 compounds to off-target sites that could be implicated in toxicity and side effects that had not been provided by any previous studies. The investigations of binding properties in disease-related proteins derived from the comparison of amino acid substructure arrangements allows for effective mechanism driven decision making to rank and select only the compounds with the highest potential for success and safety to be prioritized for clinical trials or treatments. The intention of this work is not to explicitly identify candidate compounds but to present how an integrated drug repositioning and potential toxicity pipeline using side chain similarity searching algorithms are of great utility in epidemic scenarios involving novel pathogens. In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, we demonstrate that the pipeline can identify candidate compounds quickly and sustainably in combination with associated risk factors derived from the analysis of potential off-target site binding by the compounds to be repurposed.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Protection motivation theory-based questionnaire validation to predict acceptance of healthcare workers towards uptake of pertussis vaccine

Michal Christina Steven, Jeffery Stephen

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(3):60-66.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Pertussis is known to cause infection and reinfection to everyone irrespective of ages and countries. Therefore, adults do require vaccination for protection against pertussis infection especially the HCW. However, the pertussis vaccine coverage is low among HCW due to low-risk perception. Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) is one of the most cited theories to explain risk perception and intention to change. Therefore, we developed a questionnaire based on the subconstructs of the PMT to assess the acceptance of the pertussis vaccine amongst the HCWs in Sabah and Sarawak. The motive of this study is to validate this questionnaire to see its validity and reli- ability. Method: Data was collected using a self-administered questionnaire via an online survey (Monkey Survey). The questionnaire was given to 250 HCW. Items that were identified as a problem were modified to increase reli- ability. Further validation was done among 853 HCWs working in various parts of Sabah and Sarawak. Results: The Cronbach alpha of the overall construct of PMT during the first pilot study was 0.66 and improved to 0.82. Principal components factor analysis using varimax rotations showed that the first four factors explained 28%, 2%, 9% and 5% of the variance respectively. Both the one level and two-level modelling indicated that it’s a good fit model. Conclu- sion: The study instrument that was developed for the study has been tested and proven to be relevant to assess the risk perception of an HCW towards pertussis.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext The journey and glitches: a study on burnout and turnover syndrome among the nursing students in one of the nursing institutions of higher learning in Malaysia

Hamidah H, Azila T, Kelvin J M, NurulIzzatie M, Khadijah N Roslih

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):11-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Burnout is a psychological syndrome experienced by an individual who is exposed to chronic stress. It is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. It is often associ- ated with feelings of hopelessness and difficulties in dealing with work efficiency. As for students, going-through the process of learning is a complex stressful phenomenon causing of poor academic performance. The aim of the study was to explore causes of student nurses’ burnout followed by the intention to leave the program. Methods: This is a cross sectional study with total of 127 respondents selected based on Krejci Morgan (1970) sample size calculation from year 1 till year 3 nursing students. Maslach Burnout Inventory (2016) was used to measure the burnout-self test comprised of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement. Twenty-two (22 items) with 7- points scale measuring responses of “Never (0)” to “Every day (7).” For Part B, three open ended questions applied to the intention of leaving the program. Results: A total of 35% of students had the intention of leaving the nursing program and 54% occurred during the first and second year of the study. Stress and financial struggles triggered the intention of quitting the program and 68% felt the study was breaking them down. Conclusion: Pursuing the program despite of the glitches worth the fights, 99 % of respondents acknowledged that this program is worth their future profession. Through this program they learnt to handle their emotional problem calmly and look after patients and colleague’s problem effectively. Nursing is a field of knowledge of humanities, exclusively in the care of patients and Nursing has been able to educate and transform the society who were insufficient in lives into useful human beings.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext CONSUMERS’ KNOWLEDGE, PERCEPTION, AND ATTITUDE TOWARDS NUTRITION AND HEALTH CLAIMS ON DAIRY PRODUCTS AND PURCHASE INTENTION IN JOHOR BAHRU

YAP HUI YEE, SITI NUR'AFIFAH JAAFAR

UMT Journal of Undergraduate Research, 2019;1(2):92-102.
MyJurnal

owadays the increasing prevalence of dietary disease has raised consumers’ awareness of healthy diet and lifestyle. The rise in the use of nutrition and health claims to promote health benefits in food products help consumers make effective food choices. There is very limited research regarding nutrition and health claims in Malaysia. This research focused on consumers’ knowledge, perception (i.e. perceived quality, perceived healthiness, perceived value, perceived importance, trust and perceived familiarity), and attitude towards nutrition and health claims on dairy products as well as their purchase intention towards the products, and examinethe relationship between these variables in Johor Bahru, Johor. All responses were collected by distributing questionnaire to convenience and quota sample (n=200). Data was analysed to obtain descriptive statistics and correlation analysis. The results showed that most of the consumers (46%) had moderate knowledge of nutrition and health claims on dairy products. Consumers generally had almost positive perception and attitude towards nutrition and health claims on dairy products and positive purchase intention towards dairy products. Almost all independent variables correlated with purchase intention towards dairy products. Consumer attitude had the strongest positive relationship with purchase intention (r=0.722), followed by moderate positive correlation between consumer perception and purchase intention (r=0.671), while consumer knowledge only had low relationship with purchase intention (r=0.299). This study added new knowledge regarding public purchasing behaviour towards dairy products with nutrition and health claims. This research also provided valuable information for both food manufacturers and companies to help them make effective decisions to improve the presentation of nutrition and health claims for better expression of information as well as the goodness of food products in order to attract the attention of health-conscious consumers.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext The journey and glitches:a study on burnout and turnover syndrome among the nursing students in one of the nursing institutions of higher learning in Malaysia

Hamidah H, Azila T, Kelvin J M, NurulIzzatie M, Khadijah N Roslih

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(105):55-0.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Burnout is a psychological syndrome experienced by an individual who is exposed to chronic stress. It is a state of emotional, physical, and mental exhaustion caused by excessive and prolonged stress. It is often associ- ated with feelings of hopelessness and difficulties in dealing with work efficiency. As for students, going-through the process of learning is a complex stressful phenomenon causing of poor academic performance. The aim of the study was to explore causes of student nurses’ burnout followed by the intention to leave the program. Methods: This is a cross sectional study with total of 127 respondents selected based on Krejci Morgan (1970) sample size calculation from year 1 till year 3 nursing students. Maslach Burnout Inventory (2016) was used to measure the burnout-self test comprised of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization and personal achievement. Twenty-two (22 items) with 7- points scale measuring responses of “Never (0)” to “Every day (7).” For Part B, three open ended questions applied to the intention of leaving the program. Results: A total of 35% of students had the intention of leaving the nursing program and 54% occurred during the first and second year of the study. Stress and financial struggles triggered the intention of quitting the program and 68% felt the study was breaking them down. Conclusion: Pursuing the program despite of the glitches worth the fights, 99 % of respondents acknowledged that this program is worth their future profession. Through this program they learnt to handle their emotional problem calmly and look after patients and colleague’s problem effectively.Nursing is a field of knowledge of humanities, exclusively in the care of patients and Nursing has been able to educate and transform the society who were insufficient in lives into useful human beings.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Screening of medical students’ intention to practice mobile – learning in Malaysia

Sohayla M. Attalla, Nihal A. Hanafy, Mahfuza Akter, Sakinah Ruhi

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(107):40-45.
MyJurnal

Introduction: The twenty-first-century learning is adopting the student-centered learning techniques and the teach- ers are mainly facilitators to direct the process of learning and so social media and mobile applications became an important learning platform. Mobile learning (M-learning) is the practice of learning activities through a portable device such as cellular phone or a personal digital assistant. The aim of this research is to screen the medical stu- dents’ intention toward the adoption of M-learning and to determine factors affecting the intentions of the medical students to practice M-learning. Methods: A cross-sectional study among medical students was performed through a questionnaire based on the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Technology Acceptance Model. The study included 129 students in different stages of the medical study. Results: Results showed that the factors affecting the students’ inten¬tion to practice M-learning include the students’ attitude, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and availability of resources. In the current sample 82.7% of students are already using M-Learning; 41.7% are using it for assessment, 22.8% are using it for learning and 35.5% are using it for both. Conclusion: It was concluded that most medical students have higher intention to adopt M-learning and they are mostly using it for assessment purposes rather than in learning.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Predictors of COVID-19 Preventive Behavior Adoption Intention in Malaysia

Mat Dawi N, Namazi H, Maresova P

Front Psychol, 2021;12:616749.
PMID: 34093307 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.616749

Preventive behavior adoption is the key to reduce the possibility of getting COVID-19 infection. This paper aims to examine the determinants of intention to adopt preventive behavior by incorporating perception of e-government information and services and perception of social media into the theory of reasoned action. A cross-sectional online survey was carried out among Malaysian residents. Four hundred four valid responses were obtained and used for data analysis. A partial least-square-based path analysis revealed direct effects of attitude and subjective norm in predicting intention to adopt preventive behavior. In addition, perception of e-government information and services and perception of social media were found to be significant predictors of attitude toward preventive behavior. The findings highlight the importance of digital platforms in improving people's attitudes toward preventive behavior and in turn contain the spread of the infectious disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext A model of nurses' intention to care of patients with COVID-19: Mediating roles of job satisfaction and organisational commitment

Sharif Nia H, Arslan G, Naghavi N, Sivarajan Froelicher E, Kaveh O, Pahlevan Sharif S, et al.

J Clin Nurs, 2021 Jun;30(11-12):1684-1693.
PMID: 33616249 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.15723

AIM AND OBJECTIVES: This study aims to test the hypothesis that job satisfaction and organisational commitment might play a mediating roles between workload, quality of supervision, extra-role behaviour, pay satisfaction and intention to care of patients with COVID-19.
BACKGROUND: Given the high incidence of coronavirus and shortage of nurses in Iranian hospitals, learning about nurses' intention to care for patients with COVID-19 is important.
DESIGN: In this cross-sectional study, 648 Iranian nurses were surveyed during March 2020. The online questionnaire consisted of two parts. The mediating role was explored for the following: job satisfaction and commitment in the association of workload, quality of supervisor, extra-role behaviours, and pay satisfaction with the intention to care. The study adhered to STROBE checklist for cross-sectional studies.
RESULTS: The results of this study show that job satisfaction and organisational commitment mediated the relationship of nurses' workload, quality of supervisor, extra-role behaviours, and pay satisfaction with the intention to care for patients with COVID-19.
CONCLUSION: The results of the study indicate the importance of job satisfaction and organisational commitment as mechanisms that help to understand the association of nurses' workload, quality of supervisor, extra-role behaviours and pay satisfaction with the intention to care during the COVID-19 pandemic.
RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Hospital managers need to attend to the role of nurses' job satisfaction and other organisational factors to ensure that they can cope with the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Factors affecting milk consumption among school children in urban and rural areas of Selangor, Malaysia

International Food Research Journal, 2010;17(3):651-660.
MyJurnal

The aims of this research were to investigate the present beverage choice preference of school
children and to examine the most preferred type of milk that is available in the market. As well as to determine the effect of personal and environmental factors on children’s intention to consume milk and its comparison between rural and urban area of Selangor. A total of 389 of 5th grade primary school children were selected in this study. This research was supported by social cognitive theory. Multiple linear regression, Pearson productmoment correlation, and cross-tabulation were used for forecasting the factors affecting to consumption of milk. It was found that the preferred beverages of children were: Mineral water, Milo, fruit juice, milk, yoghurt, Ribena, tea and soft drinks and it was the same amongst children in urban and rural areas. Among different types of milk, children preferred flavored milk rather than plain milk. Based on the findings, personal factors were more effective than environmental factors. To increase milk intake among children, marketers need to focus and strengthen the acceptability of milk and increase consumption by altering perception of milk advertisements. This article also profiled the children who are likely to drink milk based on personal and environmental factors in different areas.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Turnover intention among public sector health workforce: Is job satisfaction the issue?

Roslan JMG, Noor Hazilah A.M., Nor Filzatun B., Azahadi M.O.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2014;13(1):51-56.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Introduction: The paper explores turnover intention and job satisfaction among healthcare employees of Ministry of Health (MOH) Malaysia. Methods: A nationwide study was carried out in order to identify dimensions of job satisfaction and turnover intention among public healthcare employees. Data was collected by means of self-administered questionnaire and distributed based on quota sampling. Results: The study shows that public healthcare workforce is generally satisfied with their work (mean 3.45). In addition, medical specialists and assistant medical officers were found to be significantly more satisfied than other job designations. However, intention to resign was high among medical specialists, pharmacists and dentists. A high proportion of medical specialists also had received job offers from the private sector. Conclusion: The findings showed that employee turnover may not necessarily be due to job dissatisfaction, but rather due to demand from the private sector. Findings from the study would assist policy-makers with respect to talent management in public healthcare service.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Factors influencing consumer intentions to avoid broiler chicken meat and products in Malaysia

Huang, L.C., Goh, Y.N., Mohaidin, Z.

International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(1):181-188.
MyJurnal

Reports of bird flu outbreaks occur around the globe, posing a severe threat to the poultry
industry and consumer health. Despite the number of bird flu scares, few studies have
considered the impact on consumers’ chicken consumption intentions in a non-western context,
such as in Malaysia. The aim of this study is to determine the factors that influence consumers’
intentions to take precautions by avoiding the consumption of broiler chicken meat and
products in Malaysia when a bird flu outbreak occurs. A total of 276 online questionnaires were
disseminated using convenience sampling with 109 respondents completing the questionnaires, generating a response rate of 40.8 percent. The study results show that attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, perceived credibility of information, and perceived risk have a significant relationship with consumer intentions to take precautions by avoiding the consumption of broiler chicken meat and products. One factor is the exception: attention towards bird flu news. These findings shed some light on understanding the extent of consumer response (i.e. consumption behavior) to future health crises (e.g. bird flu). Moreover, for policy makers, these findings may serve as a guide and a reference to food safety issues in the poultry industry, especially future bird flu scares.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention
Fulltext Saliva pH changes in patients with high and low caries risk after consuming organic (sucrose) and non-organic (maltitol) sugar

Widowati, W., Akbar, S.H., Tin, M.H.

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2013;12(2):15-21.
MyJurnal

Enamel demineralization is associated with decrease in saliva pH due to fermentation of sugar by oral commensal. Thus, exploring the changing pattern of saliva pH is meaningful in dental caries prevention. The aim of this study was to compare the changing pattern of saliva pH after consuming different types of sweeteners (sucrose and maltitol). Methods: It was a case-control study involving 14 male patients attending IIUM dental clinic who were selected with the intention of getting seven patients with high caries risk ( DMFT ≥6) and seven patients with low caries risk (DMFT ≤3) with initial saliva pH interval of 6.5 to7.5. Patients were asked to consume snacks containing 8 gram sucrose and 8 gram maltitol as sweeteners. The changing pH values of the saliva were measured by Waterproof pHTestr 10BNC (Oakton, Vernon Hills, USA) seven times consecutively at 0 (before snack consumption), and at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 and 60 minutes after snack consumption. The pH values of saliva of patients with low and high caries risk after consuming sucrose and maltitol were statistically analized by using Anova and Tukey-HSD tests at α = 0.05. Result: There were significant differences in saliva pH changes between low-risk group and high-risk group after consuming sucrose and maltitol. Conclusion: The changing patterns of saliva pH in high-risk patients were lower than those of low-risk patients after consuming two types of snacks containing sucrose and maltitol.

Matched MeSH terms: Intention

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