Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 245 in total

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  1. Fulltext Health promoting schools and children's oral health related quality of life
    Yusof ZY, Jaafar N
    Health Qual Life Outcomes, 2013;11:205.
    PMID: 24325653 DOI: 10.1186/1477-7525-11-205
    The study objective was to compare children's oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) in schools with 6 years of implementation of a health promoting school model in Malaysia, i.e. the Doktor Muda Programme (DMP) and in schools without the DMP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health/education*; Oral Health/statistics & numerical data
  2. Fulltext Periodontal status and provision of periodontal services in Malaysia: trends and way forward
    Tuti Ningseh Mohd-Dom, Khairiyah Abdul-Muttalib, Rasidah Ayob, Yaw, Siew Lan, Ahmad Sharifuddin Mohd-Asadi, Mohd Rizal Abdul-Manaf, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine, 2013;13(2):38-47.
    MyJurnal
    The paucity of published literature on periodontal treatment needs and services in developing countries has undermined the significance of periodontal disease burden on healthcare systems. This study analyses periodontal status and population treatment needs of Malaysians, and patterns of periodontal services provided at public sector dental clinics. A retrospective approach to secondary data analysis was employed. Data for population treatment needs were extracted from three decennial national oral health surveys for adults (1990, 2000 and 2010). Annual reports from the dental subsystem of the government Health Information Management System (HIMS) provided information on oral health care delivery for years 2006-2010. They were based on summaries of aggregated data; analyses were limited to reporting absolute numbers and frequency distributions. Periodontal disease prevalence declined between 1990 (92.8%) to 2000 (87.2%) but a sharp rise was observed in the 2010 survey (94.0%). The proportion of participants demonstrating periodontal pockets of 6 mm and more increased in 2010 survey after showing improvements in 2000. Individuals not requiring periodontal treatment (TN0) increased in proportion from 1990 to 2000, only to drop in 2010. An increase in utilisation was observed alongside a growing uptake of periodontal procedures (62.2% in 2006 to 73.6% in 2010). Only about 10% of treatment was surgeries. While the clinical burden of periodontal disease is observed to be substantial, the types of treatment provided did not reflect the increasing needs for complex periodontal treatment. Emphasis on downstream and multi-collaborative efforts of oral health care is deemed fit to contain the burden of periodontal disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  3. Fulltext Dietary habits and dental caries occurrence among young children: does the relationships still exist?
    Zahara, A.M., Nur Ili, M.T., Yahya, N.A.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2013;9(1):9-20.
    MyJurnal
    The role of diet in the aetiology of dental caries occurrence has been questioned recently. Aim: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the relationship between dietary habits and dental caries among 105 children aged 2 to 5 years old in Kuala Lumpur. Methodology: Subjects were selected using convenient sampling method. Their body weight and height were measured and their dental check-up was performed by qualified dental nurses. A Structured questionnaire and 3-day food diaries were distributed to their parents/caretakers to obtain socio-demographic data, oral health practice and dietary habits of the subjects. The dft (decayed, filled teeth) score was used to describe dental caries incidence. Results: Caries was found in 36.6% subjects with mean dft score of 1.95±3.59 (range: 0-16). Energy (r=-0.334, p=0.008), carbohydrate (r=-0.353, p=0.005), fat (r=-0.325, p=0.01), protein (r=-0.264, p=0.038), and calcium (r=-0.470, p
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  4. Fulltext Development of a health promotion questionnaire index (HPQI) to measure doktor muda (junior doctor) programme impact on schoolchildren’s oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviour
    Yusof, Z.Y.M., Jaafar, N.
    Ann Dent, 2013;20(1):13-19.
    MyJurnal
    Long term evaluations of impacts of community
    based health promotion programmes are not an easy or
    straightforward task to do due to lack of validated and
    reliable indices. Objective: To develop and test an index
    to measure schoolchildren’s oral health knowledge,
    attitudes, and behaviour as a result of a school-based health
    promotion programme in Malaysia called the Doktor
    Muda (Junior Doctor) Programme (DMP). Materials and
    Methods: The index was developed in English based on
    the DMP module and translated into Malay. The Malay
    version was tested on 174, 11-12 year old schoolchildren.
    Psychometric analysis of the index involved content and
    face validity tests as well as factor analysis, internal and
    test-retest reliability. Results: Factor analysis yielded 3
    factors with groups of items viz. oral health knowledge
    (OHK), oral health attitudes (OHA) and oral health
    behaviour (OHB). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficients of the
    three factors were 0.61, 0.73, and 0.64, respectively. The
    Kappa coefficients were 0.70, 0.77 and 0.73, respectively
    (intraclass correlation coefficients = 0.72, 0.70 and 0.78).
    The final questionnaire comprised 33 items, namely; OHK
    11 items, OHA 15 items, and OHB 7 items. Conclusion:
    The Health Promotion Questionnaire Index (HPQI) to
    measure the DMP impact on schoolchildren’s oral health
    knowledge, attitudes, and behaviours was empirically
    verified to be valid and reliable for use among 11-12 year
    old Malaysian schoolchildren.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  5. Fulltext The effect of oral health education seminar on the oral health knowledge, practice and perception of role of the preschool teachers
    Mohd Nor, N.A., Zakaria, S., Amminudin, N.H., Malik, N.A., Mohd Khairi, A.M.
    Ann Dent, 2013;20(2):4-8.
    MyJurnal
    Background: In Malaysia, preschool teachers have long been utilised as oral health educators. However their level of oral health knowledge and effectiveness of the training they received are seldom investigated. This study aims to evaluate the of oral health education seminar (OHE) held for public preschool teachers (KEMAS) in terms of the improvement of their knowledge, practices and attitudes.
    Methods: This was a one arm interventional study (before and after survey following OHE seminar intervention). All KEMAS preschool teachers (n=107) in Hulu Terengganu were invited to attend OHE seminar which consisted of 1 hour lecture and 40 minutes OHE demonstration. Pretest questionnaire was collected before the seminar started and post-test questionnaire was collected two weeks later. A self-administered questionnaire used in this study was adapted from “preschool teachers’ knowledge, practices and attitudes towards oral health”, National Oral Health Survey of Preschool Children, 2005. Data were analysed using descriptive and McNemar test, SPSS version 15.0.
    Results: Of 107 subjects, only 61 teachers responded yielding to 57% response rate. All subjects were female with mean age of 46 years (SD: 6.03). Overall, there was an improvement of teachers’ oral health knowledge, practices and attitudes after the seminar. Several items seem to have be improved significantly after the seminar, for example knowledge item on factors causing periodontal disease (p=0.03). In terms of practice, all teachers reported they brushed teeth at least twice daily using fluoridated toothpaste and use of dental floss was increased significantly after the seminar (p<0.001). Majority of teachers have positive perceptions on their roles in oral health education.
    Conclusion: Oral health education seminar appeared to be effective at influencing certain aspects of teachers’ oral health knowledge, practices and attitudes.
    Keywords: attitudes, knowledge, oral health promotion, practice, preschool teachers
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  6. Cross-bite and oral health related quality of life in young people
    Masood M, Masood Y, Newton T
    J Dent, 2014 Mar;42(3):249-55.
    PMID: 24373852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2013.12.004
    This study sought to assess the impact of posterior cross-bite on OHRQoL in young people aged 15-25 and to determine whether the impact on higher domains of Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (physical disability, psychological disability, social disability and handicap) is a direct function of the cross-bite or mediated through the lower domains of OHIP-14 (functional limitation, pain and discomfort).
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  7. Oral public health in the Asia-pacific region
    Binns C, Low WY
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2014 May;26(3):224-5.
    PMID: 24824521 DOI: 10.1177/1010539514533252
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  8. Fulltext Powered versus manual toothbrushing for oral health
    Yaacob M, Worthington HV, Deacon SA, Deery C, Walmsley AD, Robinson PG, et al.
    Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 2014 Jun 17.
    PMID: 24934383 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD002281.pub3
    BACKGROUND: Removing dental plaque may play a key role maintaining oral health. There is conflicting evidence for the relative merits of manual and powered toothbrushing in achieving this. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2003, and previously updated in 2005.

    OBJECTIVES: To compare manual and powered toothbrushes in everyday use, by people of any age, in relation to the removal of plaque, the health of the gingivae, staining and calculus, dependability, adverse effects and cost.

    SEARCH METHODS: We searched the following electronic databases: the Cochrane Oral Health Group's Trials Register (to 23 January 2014), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2014, Issue 1), MEDLINE via OVID (1946 to 23 January 2014), EMBASE via OVID (1980 to 23 January 2014) and CINAHL via EBSCO (1980 to 23 January 2014). We searched the US National Institutes of Health Trials Register and the WHO Clinical Trials Registry Platform for ongoing trials. No restrictions were placed on the language or date of publication when searching the electronic databases.

    SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomised controlled trials of at least four weeks of unsupervised powered toothbrushing versus manual toothbrushing for oral health in children and adults.

    DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures expected by The Cochrane Collaboration. Random-effects models were used provided there were four or more studies included in the meta-analysis, otherwise fixed-effect models were used. Data were classed as short term (one to three months) and long term (greater than three months).

    MAIN RESULTS: Fifty-six trials met the inclusion criteria; 51 trials involving 4624 participants provided data for meta-analysis. Five trials were at low risk of bias, five at high and 46 at unclear risk of bias.There is moderate quality evidence that powered toothbrushes provide a statistically significant benefit compared with manual toothbrushes with regard to the reduction of plaque in both the short term (standardised mean difference (SMD) -0.50 (95% confidence interval (CI) -0.70 to -0.31); 40 trials, n = 2871) and long term (SMD -0.47 (95% CI -0.82 to -0.11; 14 trials, n = 978). These results correspond to an 11% reduction in plaque for the Quigley Hein index (Turesky) in the short term and 21% reduction long term. Both meta-analyses showed high levels of heterogeneity (I(2) = 83% and 86% respectively) that was not explained by the different powered toothbrush type subgroups.With regard to gingivitis, there is moderate quality evidence that powered toothbrushes again provide a statistically significant benefit when compared with manual toothbrushes both in the short term (SMD -0.43 (95% CI -0.60 to -0.25); 44 trials, n = 3345) and long term (SMD -0.21 (95% CI -0.31 to -0.12); 16 trials, n = 1645). This corresponds to a 6% and 11% reduction in gingivitis for the Löe and Silness index respectively. Both meta-analyses showed high levels of heterogeneity (I(2) = 82% and 51% respectively) that was not explained by the different powered toothbrush type subgroups.The number of trials for each type of powered toothbrush varied: side to side (10 trials), counter oscillation (five trials), rotation oscillation (27 trials), circular (two trials), ultrasonic (seven trials), ionic (four trials) and unknown (five trials). The greatest body of evidence was for rotation oscillation brushes which demonstrated a statistically significant reduction in plaque and gingivitis at both time points.

    AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Powered toothbrushes reduce plaque and gingivitis more than manual toothbrushing in the short and long term. The clinical importance of these findings remains unclear. Observation of methodological guidelines and greater standardisation of design would benefit both future trials and meta-analyses.Cost, reliability and side effects were inconsistently reported. Any reported side effects were localised and only temporary.

    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  9. Oral health: charcoal brushes
    Ramachandra SS, Dicksit DD, Gundavarapu KC
    Br Dent J, 2014 Jul 11;217(1):3.
    PMID: 25012309 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2014.557
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  10. Fulltext An assessment of pharmacy students' knowledge, attitude, and practice toward oral health: An exploratory study
    Rajiah K, Ving CJ
    J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2014 Nov;4(Suppl 1):S56-62.
    PMID: 25452930 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.144601
    Community pharmacies are now frequently being visited by customers/patients to seek oral advice. Malaysian community pharmacists are also found to be experiencing an increased demand of oral health advices by their visiting customers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  11. Fulltext Prevalence and awareness of halitosis in a sample of Jordanian population
    Hammad MM, Darwazeh AM, Al-Waeli H, Tarakji B, Alhadithy TT
    J Int Soc Prev Community Dent, 2014 Dec;4(Suppl 3):S178-86.
    PMID: 25625076 DOI: 10.4103/2231-0762.149033
    This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence and awareness of halitosis among the subjects of a population, and also to compare the results of Halimeter(®) readings to self-estimation of halitosis and to assess the relationship between halitosis and oral health.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  12. Need of minimal important difference for oral health-related quality of life measures
    Masood M, Masood Y, Saub R, Newton JT
    J Public Health Dent, 2014;74(1):13-20.
    PMID: 22994869 DOI: 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2012.00374.x
    Demand and use for oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) instruments have increased in recent years in both research and clinical settings. These instruments can be used to measure patient's health status or detect changes in a patient's health status in response to an intervention or changes in disease trajectory. Ensuring universal acceptance of these measures requires easy interpretation of its scores for clinicians, researchers, and patients. The most important way of describing and interpreting this significance of changes in OHRQoL is through the establishment of minimal important difference (MID). The minimally important difference represents the smallest improvement considered worthwhile by a patient. A comprehensive search of published literature identified only 12 published articles on establishment of MID for OHRQoL measures. This scarcity of published studies on MID encourages the need of appropriate interpretation and describing patient satisfaction in reference to that treatment using MID. Anchor- and distribution-based methods are the two general approaches that have been proposed and recommended to interpret differences or changes in OHRQoL. Both of these methods of determining the MID have specific shortcomings; therefore, it is proposed to adopt triangulation approaches in which the methods are combined. The objective of this review is to summarize the need for, importance of, and recommendations for methods of establishing MID for OHRQoL measures.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  13. Fulltext n investigation of inter-e xaminer reproducibility in recording malocclusion parameters during orthodontic epidemiologic studies
    Ang, Grace, Jacqueline Maryam Kamaluddin, Wizziyiane Ahmad, Uday Kumar Umesan, Siti Waznah Wahab, Naing, Lin
    Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2014;9(1):1-9.
    MyJurnal
    his study assesses inter-examiner reproducibility in recording various malocclusion parameters and Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need (IOTN) grade during patient examination by utilising the kappa statistic. Five previously calibrated orthodontists clinically examined 233 non-orthodontically treated schoolchildren aged 14-17 years for recording various malocclusion parameters. The examination was repeated twice, thirty days apart and precluded the use of study-models or radiographs. Although good inter-examiner reproducibility was observed in recording incisor class, IOTN dental health grade, type of posterior crossbite, and excellent for parameters with absolute criteria like
    erupted supernumeraries, etc, substantial examiner variation resulted in only fair reproducibility for recording IOTN esthetic category, canine class, overbite category, traumatic overbite and upper centre-line shift of two millimetres or more from the facial midline. Reproducibility for detecting occlusal displacement in the presence of crossbite was poor, and kappa statistic was incalculable for recording openbite and number of upper incisors rotated 30° or more. Kappa was also incalculable for recording IOTN dental health subcategory due to the creation of asymmetric tables caused by rarely chosen subcategory options. Despite prior agreement between previously calibrated examiners on evaluation criteria, detection of certain malocclusion parameters during an epidemiological examination can prove to be challenging. Epidemiological studies that report on prevalence of malocclusion in the population should always report on the kappa reproducibility, especially if the study is carried out by multiple examiners.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  14. Fulltext Periodontal status and oral health knowledge among a selected population of Malaysian type 2 diabetics
    Nordin MM, Rahman SA, Raman RP
    Sains Malaysiana, 2014;43:1157-1163.
    Diabetes is an important risk factor in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease. Subjects with diabetes have a greater prevalence and severity of periodontal disease compared with subjects without diabetes. This study was carried out to assess periodontal status, treatment needs and oral health awareness among a selected population of Malaysian Type 2 diabetics. Ninety four Type 2 diabetes subjects were divided into those diagnosed with periodontal disease (PD+) (cPrrAr.3) and healthy/ gingivitis (PD-) (cPrrAr2) groups based on the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN). Subjects were interviewed regarding socio-demographic data and oral health awareness. Their medical information was obtained from the medical records. The results showed that 55.3% subjects had (PD+) as compared with 44.7% (PD-) subjects. 18.1% subjects required advanced periodontal treatment with specialist referrals. Male diabetic subjects were more likely to have advanced periodontal disease compared to female subjects (p<0.05). Subjects with advanced periodontal disease were more likely to be on combination of insulin and oral drugs (p<0.05). (PD+) diabetic subjects were aware that they had mobile teeth (p<0.001) and gum disease (p=0.004). In conclusion, male diabetics in Malaysia and subjects on combination of insulin and oral diabetic drugs are more likely to require advanced periodontal treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  15. Validation of an oral health-related quality of life measure for Cambodian children
    Turton BJ, Thomson WM, Foster Page LA, Saub RB, Razak IA
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 2015 Mar;27(2):NP2339-49.
    PMID: 24097924 DOI: 10.1177/1010539513497786
    This study aimed to determine the impact of dental caries in terms of Oral Health-Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL) for Cambodian children. The Child Perceptions Questionnaires (CPQ) were cross-culturally adapted and validated for the Cambodian population using a sample of 430 Cambodian children. The participants had a high caries burden, with a mean number of decayed-missing-and-filled deciduous tooth surfaces (dmfs) of 8.8 (SD = 11.1) and a mean DMFS of 3.7 (SD = 5.5) for the permanent dentition. Two in 5 children had at least one pulpally involved tooth. There was a significant difference in mean CPQ8-10 and CPQ11-14 scores by caries experience and by global item response for the respective age-groups, with those in the more severe caries categories scoring higher. Similar gradients were apparent with the CPQ11-14 in the 8- to 10-year age-group. The differences in OHRQoL scores by caries experience demonstrate the construct validity of the CPQ11-14 for the 8- to 14-year age-group.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  16. Fulltext Treatment needs and skill mix workforce requirements for prosthodontic care: a comparison of estimates using normative and sociodental approaches
    Ab-Murat N, Sheiham A, Watt R, Tsakos G
    BMC Oral Health, 2015 Mar 13;15:36.
    PMID: 25887142 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-015-0015-9
    The traditional measure for assessing dental treatment needs and workforce requirements based solely on normative need (NN) has major shortcomings. The sociodental approach (SDA) to assess needs overcomes some of the shortcomings as it combines normative and subjective needs assessments and also incorporates behavioural propensity (Sheiham and Tsakos 2007). The objective of this study was to estimate and compare prosthodontic treatment needs and workforce requirements, using the normative and the sociodental approaches for different skill mix models.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
  17. Oral health of children with type 1 diabetes mellitus: A systematic review
    Ismail AF, McGrath CP, Yiu CK
    Diabetes Res Clin Pract, 2015 Jun;108(3):369-81.
    PMID: 25817182 DOI: 10.1016/j.diabres.2015.03.003
    AIM: This systematic review investigated the oral health status of children with type 1 diabetes.
    METHODS: A systematic search was conducted using PubMed/Medline, Web of Knowledge, SCOPUS and EMBASE. The search included all studies published from inception of database to January 2014. A total of 1179 abstracts were analyzed for selection in 2 phases. The first phase selection was based on the title and abstracts alone. The selected abstracts were then included for second phase, where full articles were obtained. The selection was carried out by 2 independent reviewers (Kappa value=0.809). Only 37 articles were included for final analysis in this review.
    RESULTS: There is conflicting evidence in the caries experience between children with type 1 diabetes and healthy children. For periodontal health, most studies reported significantly greater plaque accumulation and higher gingival index in children with type 1 diabetes. Cohort studies reported no significant differences in perioodontal parameters over time.
    CONCLUSIONS: There is conflicting evidence regarding the caries experience of children with type 1 diabetes, but they exhibit poorer periodontal health status with greater plaque accumulation compared to healthy children. Further studies are warranted to assess the oral health status of children with type 1 diabetes.
    KEYWORDS: Caries; Children; Oral health; Periodontal health; Systematic review; Type 1 diabetes
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  18. Oral health status in children and adolescents with haemophilia
    Othman NA, Sockalingam SN, Mahyuddin A
    Haemophilia, 2015 Sep;21(5):605-11.
    PMID: 25757137 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12657
    This case-controlled study aimed to evaluate the existing oral health status in children and adolescents with haemophilia. A total of 50 haemophilia patients and 50 matched controls aged seven to 16 years were recruited into the study. Clinical examination was carried out to determine dental caries experience, oral hygiene status and gingival condition in these two groups. Information regarding previous dental history, oral hygiene practices and dietary habits were also obtained. No significant difference was found in mean caries experience in primary and secondary dentitions (P = 0.86 and 0.32) and in Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S, P = 0.20) between both groups. However, a significantly higher proportion of haemophilia patients (24%) had better oral hygiene status as compared to the controls (2%, P = 0.004). Furthermore, there was a significant difference in Modified Gingival Index (MGI, P = 0.02) between the two groups with the study group having less gingival inflammation. A total of 88% (n = 44) of the haemophilia patients were registered and received dental treatment in specialist dental clinics. More than half (56%, n = 28) had frequent dental visits and only one-third of the haemophilia patients had history of hospitalization due to oral problems. There was no significant difference in oral hygiene practices and dietary habits between both groups. In general, haemophilia children and adolescents in this study had similar caries experience, a significantly better oral hygiene status and gingival health as compared to healthy controls. The main reason for this is the multidisciplinary approach implemented by medical health-care professionals as primary care provider and the dental team.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health*
  19. Implementation of Oral Health Education to Orphan Children
    Khedekar M, Suresh KV, Parkar MI, Malik N, Patil S, Taur S, et al.
    J Coll Physicians Surg Pak, 2015 Dec;25(12):856-9.
    PMID: 26691356 DOI: 12.2015/JCPSP.856859
    To determine the knowledge and oral hygiene status of orphanage children in Pune and changes in them after health education.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health/education*
  20. Cardiovascular drugs-induced oral toxicities: A murky area to be revisited and illuminated
    Balakumar P, Kavitha M, Nanditha S
    Pharmacol Res, 2015 Dec;102:81-9.
    PMID: 26409645 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2015.09.007
    Oral health is an imperative part of overall human health. Oral disorders are often unreported, but are highly troublesome to human health in a long-standing situation. A strong association exists between cardiovascular drugs and oral adverse effects. Indeed, several cardiovascular drugs employed clinically have been reported to cause oral adverse effects such as xerostomia, oral lichen planus, angioedema, aphthae, dysgeusia, gingival enlargement, scalded mouth syndrome, cheilitis, glossitis and so forth. Oral complications might in turn worsen the cardiovascular disease condition as some reports suggest an adverse correlation between periodontal oral disease pathogenesis and cardiovascular disease. These are certainly important to be understood for a better use of cardiovascular medicines and control of associated oral adverse effects. This review sheds lights on the oral adverse effects pertaining to the clinical use of cardiovascular drugs. Above and beyond, an adverse correlation between oral disease and cardiovascular disease has been discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oral Health
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