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Fulltext Unveiling the impact of community knowledge in malaria programmes: A scoping review protocol

Abdul Rahim FA, Abdul Mutalip MH, Mohd Ngesom AM, Mahmud MAF, Yoep N

PLoS One, 2024;19(7):e0306776.
PMID: 38968218 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306776

BACKGROUND: Despite significant reductions in recent malaria cases and deaths globally, the persistence of this health concern necessitates a shift from traditional top-down approaches. Consequently, malaria control initiatives increasingly focus on empowering local communities through community-centred strategies. Therefore, this scoping review protocol systematically explores diverse community knowledge approaches adopted in malaria programmes worldwide and their associated outcomes.
METHODS: Adhering rigorously to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) guidelines, a comprehensive scoping review protocol was developed. Collaborating with a research librarian, a systematic search strategy targeted peer-reviewed literature from databases such as PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science, complemented by a thorough grey literature search. Titles and abstracts will be screened, followed by extracting bibliographic details and outcome information using a standardized framework. Subsequently, the results will be systematically summarized and presented in a structured tabular format (S1 Checklist).
DISCUSSION: This scoping review promises an in-depth understanding of current research regarding the impact of community knowledge in malaria programmes. The identification of knowledge gaps and intervention needs serves as a valuable resource for malaria-affected countries. The profound implications of community knowledge underscore its pivotal role in enhancing the effectiveness of prevention, control, and elimination efforts. Insights from this review will assist policymakers, empowering implementers and community leaders in designing effective interventions. This concerted effort aims to adeptly leverage community knowledge, thereby propelling progress toward the achievement of malaria elimination goals.

Matched MeSH terms: Review Literature as Topic
Global status of chiropractic education research: a scoping review protocol

Johnson CD, Green BN, Arar I, Holzinger W, Kolberg C, Naidoo S, et al.

JBI Evid Synth, 2024 Jul 01;22(7):1401-1407.
PMID: 38482894 DOI: 10.11124/JBIES-23-00226

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this scoping review is to map the volume and nature (topics, study designs, regions) of chiropractic education research relating to chiropractic learners and programs worldwide.
INTRODUCTION: Education of the health workforce is critical to reach population health goals. Chiropractic educational programs are expanding globally; however, the state of chiropractic education research is not known. A better understanding of the volume and nature of chiropractic education research will inform education research priorities and development of chiropractic programs, and assist with preparing a stronger chiropractic workforce to address world health goals.
INCLUSION CRITERIA: This scoping review will consider articles that study students, faculty, administration, staff, graduates, and programs in any chiropractic education setting, including graduate, clinical, postgraduate, and specialty training, in any country. Articles on non-educational topics or clinical research will be excluded.
METHODS: This review will follow the JBI scoping review methodology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The databases to be searched include PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Index to Chiropractic Literature, Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde, and Educational Resources Information Center, from their inception. All languages will be considered. Two reviewers will independently screen records using predefined eligibility criteria and extract data using tables. Data extracted from eligible articles will include study design, participants, region, and topics. The results will be presented in a narrative summary, with data presented in tabular and diagrammatic formats.
REVIEW REGISTRATION: Open Science Framework https://osf.io/9b3ap.

Matched MeSH terms: Review Literature as Topic
Fulltext MJMS at the Dawn of Its Electronic Era

Dewiputri WI, Mohamad I

Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Jan;18(1):1-5.
PMID: 22135566 MyJurnal

This special editorial assessed the recent developments in Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) and examined the characteristics of the submission, peer review, and publication processes for MJMS. This retrospective analysis used information about the manuscripts submitted to MJMS during the one-year period (from 1 June 2010 to 31 May 2010) since the start of current online submission and review system (ScholarOne(™) Manuscripts, Thomson Reuters). In addition, we also discussed the future directions of MJMS. Finally, we would like to recommend an annual internal audit for MJMS, which is very useful to monitor the growth of this journal progressively.

Matched MeSH terms: Peer Review
Fulltext Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences' Performance Status in 2016

Zulkapli NA, Abdullah JM

Malays J Med Sci, 2017 Dec;24(6):1-4.
PMID: 29379381 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.6.1

This editorial aims to report on the performance of the Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) in the year 2016. The performance report is based on an analysis of the auto-generated data compiled from the ScholarOne Manuscripts™. It will specifically focus on the pattern of manuscript submission, geographical distribution of contributors, manuscript submission by month and the acceptance-rejection rate of post-review manuscripts. It will also discuss the effects of the decision to raise the article acceptance standards. The MJMS would also like to share the news of its receipt of the 2016 Current Research in Malaysia (CREAM) award. This honour was bestowed upon us by the Ministry of Higher Education (MOHE) of Malaysia, on November 1, 2016.

Matched MeSH terms: Peer Review, Research
Fulltext Interpreting systematic reviews: are we ready to make our own conclusions? A cross-sectional study

Lai NM, Teng CL, Lee ML

BMC Med, 2011;9:30.
PMID: 21450083 DOI: 10.1186/1741-7015-9-30

BACKGROUND: Independent evaluation of clinical evidence is advocated in evidence-based medicine (EBM). However, authors' conclusions are often appealing for readers who look for quick messages. We assessed how well a group of Malaysian hospital practitioners and medical students derived their own conclusions from systematic reviews (SRs) and to what extent these were influenced by their prior beliefs and the direction of the study results.
METHODS: We conducted two cross-sectional studies: one with hospital practitioners (n = 150) attending an EBM course in June 2008 in a tertiary hospital and one with final-year medical students (n = 35) in November 2008. We showed our participants four Cochrane SR abstracts without the authors' conclusions. For each article, the participants chose a conclusion from among six options comprising different combinations of the direction of effect and the strength of the evidence. We predetermined the single option that best reflected the actual authors' conclusions and labelled this as our best conclusion. We compared the participants' choices with our predetermined best conclusions. Two chosen reviews demonstrated that the intervention was beneficial ("positive"), and two others did not ("negative"). We also asked the participants their prior beliefs about the intervention.
RESULTS: Overall, 60.3% correctly identified the direction of effect, and 30.1% chose the best conclusions, having identified both the direction of effect and the strength of evidence. More students (48.2%) than practitioners (22.2%) chose the best conclusions (P < 0.001). Fewer than one-half (47%) correctly identified the direction of effect against their prior beliefs. "Positive" SRs were more likely than "negative" SRs to change the participants' beliefs about the effect of the intervention (relative risk (RR) 1.8, 95% confidence interval 1.3 to 2.6) and "convert" those who were previously unsure by making them choose the appropriate direction of effect (RR 1.9, 95% confidence interval 1.3 to 2.8).
CONCLUSIONS: The majority of our participants could not generate appropriate conclusions from SRs independently. Judicious direction from the authors' conclusions still appears crucial to guiding our health care practitioners in identifying appropriate messages from research. Authors, editors and reviewers should ensure that the conclusions of a paper accurately reflect the results. Similar studies should be conducted in other settings where awareness and application of EBM are different.

Matched MeSH terms: Review Literature as Topic*
Response to 'Position statement on ethics, equipoise and research on charged particle therapy'

Jones B, Howick J, Hopewell J, Liew SM

J Med Ethics, 2014 Aug;40(8):576-7.
PMID: 24812333 DOI: 10.1136/medethics-2014-102105

In August 2011, a group of medical doctors, ethicists, academic and medical physicists were asked to debate and reach consensus on the potential need for randomised control trials to test charged particle radiation therapy (CPRT) for treating tumours. The outcome of the meeting was a paper recently published in the Journal of Medical Ethics entitled "Position statement on ethics, equipoise and research on charged particle therapy" by Sheehan et al. However 6 of the 30 meeting participants withdrew from authorship of the 'position statement' because their views were not adequately represented. The 'position statement' did not state our reasons for withdrawing from the statement, which is a considerable omission. We had two principal objections: (1) the case for the benefits to patients and society of randomized trials to test CPRT was not adequately represented, and (2) the complexities and potential harms of CPRT were not clearly stated. In this response we explain and justify our objections. Patients, doctors and policymakers seeking to make independent judgments about whether equipoise exists for the relative benefits of CPRT should therefore read this document alongside the 'position' statement.

Matched MeSH terms: Ethical Review*
The effects of preconception interventions on improving reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes in primary care: A systematic review

Hussein N, Kai J, Qureshi N

Eur J Gen Pract, 2016 Mar;22(1):42-52.
PMID: 26610260 DOI: 10.3109/13814788.2015.1099039

BACKGROUND: Reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes may be improved if the reproductive risk assessment is moved from the antenatal to the preconception period. Primary care has been highlighted as an ideal setting to offer preconception assessment, yet the effectiveness in this setting is still unclear.
OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of preconception interventions on improving reproductive health and pregnancy outcomes in primary care.
METHODS: MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases were searched from July 1999 to the end of July 2015. Only interventional studies with a comparator were included, analysed and appraised systematically, taking into consideration the similarities and differences of the participants, the nature of interventions and settings.
RESULTS: Eight randomized controlled trials were eligible. Preconception interventions involved multifactorial or single reproductive health risk assessment, education and counselling and the intensity ranged from brief, involving a single session within a day to intensive, involving more than one session over several weeks. Five studies recruited women planning a pregnancy. Four studies involved multifactorial risks interventions; two were brief and the others were intensive. Four studies involved single risk intervention, addressing folate or alcohol. There was some evidence that both multifactorial and single risk interventions improved maternal knowledge; self-efficacy and health locus of control; and risk behaviour, irrespective of whether brief or intensive. There was no evidence to support reduced adverse pregnancy outcomes. One study reported no undue anxiety. The quality of the studies was moderate to poor.
CONCLUSION: The evidence from eligible studies is limited to inform future practice in primary care. Nevertheless, this review has highlighted that women who received preconception education and counselling were more likely to have improved knowledge, self-efficacy and health locus of control and risk behaviour. More studies are needed to evaluate the effects on adverse pregnancy outcomes.
KEYWORDS: Preconception care; general practice; pregnancy outcomes; primary healthcare

Matched MeSH terms: Review
Utilization of the emergency department by older residents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Mohd Mokhtar MA, Pin TM, Zakaria MI, Hairi NN, Kamaruzzaman SB, Vyrn CA, et al.

Geriatr Gerontol Int, 2015 Aug;15(8):944-50.
PMID: 25311907 DOI: 10.1111/ggi.12369

AIM: To determine the pattern of utilization of emergency department (ED) services by older patients in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, compared with younger patients in the same setting.
METHODS: The sociodemographics, clinical characteristics and resource utilization of consecutive patients attending the adult ED at the University Malaya Medical Center were recorded during a typical week.
RESULTS: A total of 1649 patients were included in the study; 422/1649 (25.6%) were aged ≥60 years and 1077 (74.4%) were aged <60 years. Older adult patients were more likely to be diagnosed with ischemic heart disease (12.6% vs 2.5%, P

Matched MeSH terms: Utilization Review
Fulltext Critical appraisal of the existing and emerging therapies for smoking cessation

Bhutani G, Kaushal J, Gupta MC

Med J Malaysia, 2011 Dec;66(5):526-33.
PMID: 22390122

Smoking is a major health problem of the society as it causes a wide variety of health hazards and produces a strong addictive behavior. Various pharmacological and non pharmacological treatments have been tried for smoking cessation from time to time. Some of the pharmacological treatments have been able to achieve the status of first line and second line therapy for smoking cessation by the US Public Health Service Clinical Practice Guideline. Some newer and very promising drugs have come up and are in the clinical trials for establishment of their efficacy. While some other drugs have been tried from time to time but have failed to show any consistent results. Various non pharmacological therapies like behavioural therapy are also of utmost importance in this regard. This article gives a brief review and critical assessment of the existing and the emerging smoking cessation therapies.
Non-Malaysian publication: India

Matched MeSH terms: Review
Fulltext Psychological medicine in the under-graduate medical curriculum

Deva MP

Med J Malaysia, 1980 Mar;34(3):285-8.
PMID: 7412669
Matched MeSH terms: Review
Fulltext Two dimensional echocardiography-a new technique in clinical practice

Sidek Nontak MA

Med J Malaysia, 1981 Mar;36(1):52-7.
PMID: 7321939
Matched MeSH terms: Review
Detecting non-compliance

Md Shajahan MY

Family Physician, 1994;6:50-55.

Matched MeSH terms: Review
Fulltext Mentoring in the clinical setting: process, issues and challenges

Nalliah S

International e-Journal of Science, Medicine & Education, 2012;6(1):4-10.
MyJurnal

Mentoring in academic medicine requires the trained mentor to commit time, purpose and dedication for the personal and professional development of three categories of protégés or mentees i.e. medical students, the clinician-trainee and the clinical-educator. Conventionally, assigned mentors monitor the progress of the first two categories of personnel as their career pathway is clearly defined. On the other hand the clinician–educator in academic medicine could be a scientist or a career clinician expected to contribute to medical education activities and research. The clinician educator has grown in complexity as he multitasks in providing clinical care, assists in delivering the medical curriculum and is expected to do research and publish. Although there is dearth of research in mentoring the clinician-educator, it is clear that mentored clinicaleducators are more productive by way of scientific publications. Trained mentors are expected to identify the needs of the mentee with regards to the level of his career development and his aptitude to move up the academic ladder, successfully nurturing the maturation process. Processes of mentoring in the clinical setting, attributes of the successful mentor and facilitating the mentee in overcoming challenges in academic medicine are discussed.

Matched MeSH terms: Review
Fulltext The relationship between carrying activity and low back pain: a critical review of biomechanics studies

Hanif Farhan, M. R., White, P. J, Warner, M., Adam, J. E.

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2015;13(2):1-10.
MyJurnal

The aim of this review was to systematically explore the underlying musculoskeletal biomechanical mechanisms of carrying and to describe its potential relationship with low back pain. This literature review was carried out using AMED, CINAHL, Compendex and MEDLINE electronic databases. Articles published from 2004 to 2012 were selected for consideration. Articles were considered if at least one measurement of kinetics, kinematics or other related musculoskeletal parameters related to biomechanics were included within the study. After combining the main keywords, 677 papers were identified. However, only 10 studies met all the inclusion criteria. Age, body mass index, gender and level of physical activity were identified as the factors that may influence the biomechanics of carrying activity. Carrying a loaded backpack was reported leading to posterior pelvic tilt, reduced lumbar lordosis, but increased cervical lordosis, thoracic kyphosis and trunk forward lean. Furthermore, while carrying bilaterally, lumbo-pelvic coordination was also reported to be more in-phase, as well as reduced coordination variability in transverse plane. Future studies investigating the biomechanics of a standardized carrying activity for clinical test are recommended.

Matched MeSH terms: Review
Fulltext Conflicts of interest in orthopaedic surgery: The intertwining of orthopaedic surgery, peer review publications and corporate sponsorship

Dhillon KS

Malays Orthop J, 2015;9(1):47-59.
MyJurnal

Conflicts of interest in medicine has created deep concerns about the integrity of medicine and raised doubts about the trustworthiness of the medical professional. New stories of conflict of interest in medicine have become a commonplace. The interactions between the medical professional and the biomedical device as well as the pharmaceutical industry has become so pervasive that the primary interest of the medical professional in protecting and promoting the welfare of the patient has been compromised. The professional judgement and actions have been influenced by secondary interests, the major fungible and quantifiable being financial interest. The industry influence not only affects the way we practice orthopaedics but also affects medical education and peer review publications. Peer review publications have been shown to exaggerate benefits of the industry products while at the same time downplaying the risks. These conflicts of interest in orthopaedic surgery are particularly common in spinal and joint replacement surgery where joint replacement has been described as a ‘fashion trade’. The introduction of new products appears to be an uncontrolled experiment which has been hijacked by large corporations. This article explores the unhealthy pervasive interaction between the orthopaedic surgeon and the medical devices as well as the pharmaceutical industry. It highlights how the biomedical and the pharmaceutical industry dominate all aspects of the healthcare system. With its wealth and political clout, its influence is present everywhere, from the use of devices and drugs, research, publications, trials, education and even formulation of CGPs.

Matched MeSH terms: Peer Review, Research
Fulltext Mental health issues : revisited

Osman Che Bakar, Ainsah Omar

Medical Health Reviews, 2009;2009(2):17-26.
MyJurnal

The various shortcomings involving issues related to managing patients with mental health are compared to those with physical health which are mainly attributed to attitude, misconception and stigma attached to mental health. There is a strong need to have a comprehensive collective efforts and a paradigm shift on how to deal with these critical issues especially in the area of Primary care for mentally ill.

Matched MeSH terms: Review
Treatment of superficial fungal infections

Pettit JHS

Trop Doct, 1986 Jul;16(3):105-12.
PMID: 3765093 DOI: 10.1177/004947558601600305
Matched MeSH terms: Review
Changing paradigms in the treatment of asthma

Loh LC

Family Physician, 2005;13:5-9.

Significant changes have occurred in relation to how chronic asthma is being treated. Emphasis has now shifted from viewing asthma as a condition of smooth muscle dysfunction to one of chronic inflammation. As such, anti-inflammatory therapy forming the cornerstone of treatment represents the first important milestone in the evolution of asthma treatment. For this purpose, inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) is by far the most effective anti-inflammatory therapy. Another important milestone is the recognition of the superiority of adding long-acting beta2-agonist (LABA) to ICS over escalating ICS dose alone or other forms of add-on therapies in treating asthmatic patients not responding to regular ICS alone. The effectiveness of adding LABA to ICS in treating asthma logically led to combining the two drugs into one single inhaler (salmeterol/fluticasone and budesonide/formoterol) that has the attractiveness of being user-friendly and ensuring that ICS is not missed out. The unique property of formoterol that allows for repetitive flexible dosing paved way to the concept of using Symbicort for both regular maintenance dosing and as required rescue medication. This revolutionary approach has been recently shown to provide improved asthma outcome, achieved at an overall lower or at least comparable corticosteroid intake, and may represent another evolutionary step in the treatment strategy of chronic asthma. Keywords: Asthma treatment, airway inflammation, corticosteroid, long-acting beta2-agonist

Matched MeSH terms: Review
A six-year review of tubal sterilization at a district hospital (1981-1986)

Sivalingam N, Bhagat S, Pereira R

Family Physician, 1989;1:23-27.

Matched MeSH terms: Review
Computer aided learning in undergraduate medical education

Sherina MS, Azlan HS

Family Physician, 2003;12:12-14.

The need to deliver teaching material in medical education using the internet is compelling in view of the many advantages that the internet provides. The internet has enabled organizations, in particular institutions of higher education to conduct various courses entirely electronically and without regard to physical geographical boundaries. The term CAL is used to denote the employment of the Internet for the delivery of teaching material, conduct of discussion, as;sessment of performance and interaction between students and teachers. This study reviews reports of the use and evaluation of Computer-Aided-Learning (CAL) in teaching various major disciplines in medicine.

Matched MeSH terms: Review

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