Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 659 in total

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  1. Changes in oral functions and speech when using custom-fitted mouthguards: An uncontrolled before-and-after study
    Mat Zainal MK, Liew AKC, Abdullah D, Soo E, Abdul Hamid B, Ramlee RAM
    Dent Traumatol, 2024 Aug;40(4):460-469.
    PMID: 38459669 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12939
    BACKGROUND/AIM: Mouthguards are crucial for protecting athletes against orofacial injuries, yet concerns persist regarding their potential impact on oral functions. This study aimed to investigate the effects of sports mouthguards on oral functions and speech over time.

    MATERIAL AND METHODS: Thirty national rugby players received custom-fitted mouthguards. Questionnaire responses and speech recordings were collected before mouthguard use and at various intervals after using mouthguards: immediately, 1 week, 2 month, and 6 months. Spectrographic analysis was performed to measure voice onset time (VOT) for /p, b, t, d/ phonemes. Questionnaire responses were assessed with Friedman's test, while VOT changes were examined using one-way repeated measure analysis of variance.

    RESULTS: Compliance with mouthguard use improved during training and competitions, with consistent wear reported during matches. Over time, speaking difficulties and lisping decreased significantly (p Mouth dryness reduced steadily, with no occurrences reported by all players by the end of the study. None of the participants reported bad breath, ulcers, or redness in the mouth. VOT changed immediately after wearing mouthguards (p 

    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Protectors*
  2. Managing Fibrous Maxillary Ridge: A Case Series of Impression Techniques
    Yee A, Meei TI, Ling GC
    Prim Dent J, 2023 Mar;12(1):51-56.
    PMID: 36916614 DOI: 10.1177/20501684231153909
    Fibrous ridges on the edentulous maxillary arch are commonly found in combination syndrome or due to ill-fitting dentures. Often, these cases are managed conservatively using modified impression techniques to achieve better support and peripheral seal without displacing the movable tissue. Many impression techniques were proposed and justified with their respective ideologies, but some may complicate both the clinical and laboratory procedures. In this report, two simplified techniques are demonstrated to make an impression of the maxillary arch with fibrous ridges. Laboratory steps in custom tray fabrication are also emphasised for a successful and predictable impression.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth, Edentulous*
  3. Thermal burn of palate in an elderly diabetic patient
    Kannan S, Chandrasekaran B, Muthusamy S, Sidhu P, Suresh N
    Gerodontology, 2014 Jun;31(2):149-52.
    PMID: 24797620 DOI: 10.1111/ger.12010
    Burns of the oral mucosa may be caused by thermal, mechanical, chemical, electrical or radiation injury. Clinically, these burns can produce localised or diffuse areas of tissue damage depending on the severity and extent of the insult. Most oral thermal burns produce erosions or ulcers on the palate or tongue.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Mucosa
  4. Seropositivity of HPV 16 E6 and E7 and the risk of oral cancer
    Wong GR, Ha KO, Himratul-Aznita WH, Yang YH, Wan Mustafa WM, Yuen KM, et al.
    Oral Dis, 2014 Nov;20(8):762-7.
    PMID: 24320099 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12218
    The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of HPV seropositivity among patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and healthy individuals and to correlate the association between HPV 16 seropositivity and risk of OSCC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms
  5. Fulltext Oral cancer prognosis based on clinicopathologic and genomic markers using a hybrid of feature selection and machine learning methods
    Chang SW, Abdul-Kareem S, Merican AF, Zain RB
    BMC Bioinformatics, 2013;14:170.
    PMID: 23725313 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2105-14-170
    Machine learning techniques are becoming useful as an alternative approach to conventional medical diagnosis or prognosis as they are good for handling noisy and incomplete data, and significant results can be attained despite a small sample size. Traditionally, clinicians make prognostic decisions based on clinicopathologic markers. However, it is not easy for the most skilful clinician to come out with an accurate prognosis by using these markers alone. Thus, there is a need to use genomic markers to improve the accuracy of prognosis. The main aim of this research is to apply a hybrid of feature selection and machine learning methods in oral cancer prognosis based on the parameters of the correlation of clinicopathologic and genomic markers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Mouth Neoplasms/genetics; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
  6. Comparison of the efficacy between oral rinse, oral gargle, and oral spray
    Teh CSL, Raman R
    J Prim Care Community Health, 2012 Apr 1;3(2):80-2.
    PMID: 23803449 DOI: 10.1177/2150131911417185
    INTRODUCTION AND AIMS: Patients with sore throats are often treated with oral gargles or oral sprays. Some may rinse instead of gargle, leading to unsatisfactory outcome. The authors studied the efficacy of oral rinses, gargles, and sprays and the effect of Friedman palate position on the outcome.
    METHODS: Ten subjects used specially prepared solutions to rinse, gargle, and then spray their oral cavities at 2-hour intervals. The blue dye indicated the areas stained by the solution, which were scored.
    RESULTS: Although there was no difference in reaching the oropharynx between the gargles and sprays, they were both better than were the oral rinses (P < .001). The difference in Friedman palate position did not have an effect on the efficacy of the different modalities.
    CONCLUSION: Oral gargles and sprays have been shown to be significantly better than are oral rinses if the oropharynx is the targeted site, and the size of the oral airway does not impede their efficacy.
    KEYWORDS: Friedman palate position; drug administration; oropharynx
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth; Mouthwashes
  7. Oral cancer presentation among Malay patients in hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan
    Razak AA, Saddki N, Naing NN, Abdullah N
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2009;10(6):1131-6.
    PMID: 20192598
    OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of oral cancer among Malay patients in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM), Kelantan.

    METHODS: A retrospective record review was conducted from August to December 2006 in HUSM. Of 133 patients with oral cancer diagnosed from 1986 to 2005, 118 were Malay. Data on socio-demographic background, high-risk habits practiced, clinical and histological characteristics, and treatment profile of the patients were obtained.

    RESULTS: Malay patients with oral cancer were predominantly elderly, aged 60 years old and above (51.7%) at the time of diagnosis, with a mean age of 58.1 years (SD 16.81). Most patients were males (64.4%) and the majority of them were married (83.9%). More than half (58.5%) had been smokers, and of those who smoked, 89.9% were males. Some had a betel quid chewing habit (22.9%) but none ever consumed alcohol. The majority of the patients (77.1%) were diagnosed at stage IV. The tongue was the most usual site involved (37.3%) and squamous cell carcinoma was the most common histological type seen (75.4%).

    CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of oral cancer among Malay patients in HUSM is high (88.7%). It is predominantly found in elderly males and the majority of cases present at advanced stage.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/etiology; Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology*; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
  8. Strategy for the control of foot-and-mouth disease in Southeast Asia (SEAFMD)
    Edwards JR
    Dev Biol (Basel), 2004;119:423-31.
    PMID: 15742655
    The OIE Southeast Asia Foot-and-Mouth Disease Campaign (SEAFMD) involves the coordinated control of foot-and-mouth disease by eight of the ASEAN countries. A long term vision for SEAFMD has been developed and the core element is a progressive zoning approach to the control and eradication of FMD in the region. This paper describes the current status of FMD in Southeast Asia and progress towards achievement of OIE free zone status for FMD in parts of the Philippines and Malaysia and the initiation of the Malaysia-Thailand-Myanmar (MTM) Peninsular Campaign for FMD Freedom. In mainland Southeast Asia, the progressive zoning approach involves several sub-regional groups working in parallel to oversee the epidemiological and economic studies required to determine the feasibility of the approach. Areas involved include the Lower Mekong Basin, Upper Mekong Basin, parts of Myanmar and the Red River Delta of Vietnam. The paper describes the current usage of vaccines for FMD in Southeast Asia and provides recommendations for their supply and use in the new regional initiatives.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot-and-Mouth Disease/economics; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/epidemiology; Foot-and-Mouth Disease/prevention & control*
  9. Fulltext Cyclical Patterns of Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus A71 in Malaysia
    NikNadia N, Sam IC, Rampal S, WanNorAmalina W, NurAtifah G, Verasahib K, et al.
    PLoS Negl Trop Dis, 2016 Mar;10(3):e0004562.
    PMID: 27010319 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0004562
    Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) is an important emerging pathogen causing large epidemics of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. In Malaysia, since the first EV-A71 epidemic in 1997, recurrent cyclical epidemics have occurred every 2-3 years for reasons that remain unclear. We hypothesize that this cyclical pattern is due to changes in population immunity in children (measured as seroprevalence). Neutralizing antibody titers against EV-A71 were measured in 2,141 residual serum samples collected from children ≤12 years old between 1995 and 2012 to determine the seroprevalence of EV-A71. Reported national HFMD incidence was highest in children <2 years, and decreased with age; in support of this, EV-A71 seroprevalence was significantly associated with age, indicating greater susceptibility in younger children. EV-A71 epidemics are also characterized by peaks of increased genetic diversity, often with genotype changes. Cross-sectional time series analysis was used to model the association between EV-A71 epidemic periods and EV-A71 seroprevalence adjusting for age and climatic variables (temperature, rainfall, rain days and ultraviolet radiance). A 10% increase in absolute monthly EV-A71 seroprevalence was associated with a 45% higher odds of an epidemic (adjusted odds ratio, aOR1.45; 95% CI 1.24-1.69; P<0.001). Every 10% decrease in seroprevalence between preceding and current months was associated with a 16% higher odds of an epidemic (aOR = 1.16; CI 1.01-1.34 P<0.034). In summary, the 2-3 year cyclical pattern of EV-A71 epidemics in Malaysia is mainly due to the fall of population immunity accompanying the accumulation of susceptible children between epidemics. This study will impact the future planning, timing and target populations for vaccine programs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/blood; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/epidemiology*; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/virology*
  10. Fulltext Multiple bony overgrowths in the mouth - report of two cases
    Kannan S, Muthusamy S, Muthu K, Sidhu P
    Clin Cases Miner Bone Metab, 2015 12 29;12(3):260-1.
    PMID: 26811708 DOI: 10.11138/ccmbm/2015.12.3.260
    Tori and exostoses are benign bony protuberances that arise from bone surfaces in the oral cavity. The etiology of these growths has been implicated as multifactorial, but no consensus has been reached so far. These painless overgrowths seldom present as a complaint in the dental office unless functional or esthetic complications set in, and there is a fear for cancer. Here we discuss two rare cases where bony overgrowths present in the mouth were extensive and multiple.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth
  11. Sequence analysis of recent Indian isolates of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes O, A and Asia 1 from clinical materials
    Muthuchelvan D, Venkataramanan R, Hemadri D, Sanyal A, Tosh C
    Acta Virol., 2001 Jun;45(3):159-67.
    PMID: 11774894
    Partial nucleotide sequences of 1D gene of 38 isolates of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) of serotypes O, A and Asia 1 originating from various parts of India were determined. Field materials were subjected straight to RNA extraction, reverse transcription - PCR (RT-PCR) and sequencing. Also 3 FMDV vaccine strains, IND R2/75 (serotype O), IND 63/72 (serotype Asia 1) and IND 17/77 (serotype A) were included in the analysis. The seqences were compared mutually as well as with available corresponding sequences of other FMDV isolates, and their phylogenetic relationships were calculated. The deduced amino acid sequences showed that the serotype O isolates were relatively conserved as compared to serotype Asia 1 or A isolates from India. In phylogenetic analysis, the serotype O viruses clustered in two genotypes, one including the European vaccine strain (O1/K) and the other represented by the isolates from Bangladesh, India, Nepal and Turkey. The serotype Asia 1 viruses clustered in two groups of single genotype where the prototype strain from Pakistan (PAK 1/54) formed one group and the other was formed by the isolates from Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Israel and Nepal. In serotype A viruses three well-differentiated genotypes were observed. The isolates from Azerbaijan, Bangladesh, Malaysia and India formed the first genotype. The second genotype was formed by isolates from Iran, Saudi Arabia and Turkey, while two recent Iranian isolates represented the third genotype. In India, the prevalence of at least one genotype could be identified in each serotype. This evolutionary clustering of isolates from the neighbor countries is not surprising, since these countries share border with India. The genetic relatedness between sequences of isolates from India and those from distant places is indicative of spread of the virus between the countries. Of importance is the fact that clinical materials proved useful for rapid generation of sequences and subsequent studying of molecular epidemiology of the disease.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus/classification; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus/genetics*; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus/isolation & purification
  12. Intraoral spindle-cell lipoma: report of a case and literature review
    Khoo SP, Lian CB
    Ann Dent, 1995 Summer;54(1-2):53-5.
    PMID: 8572549
    Spindle-cell lipoma (SCL) of the oral cavity is very rare. There are only four such reported cases in the literature. A concise literature review of SCL and a case report of a SCL affecting the cheek and lip of a 23-year-old man is presented.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Mucosa/pathology; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology*
  13. An epidemiological survey of oral mucosal lesions among elderly Malaysians
    Taiyeb Ali TB, Razak IA, Raja Latifah RJ, Zain RB
    Gerodontology, 1995 Jul;12(1):37-40.
    PMID: 8626179
    A house to house random survey on elderly subjects was undertaken in the District of Klang in Malaysia. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of oral mucosal lesions (OML) among the elderly in this area. The primary units in the sampling frame were the Enumeration Blocks (EBs) as defined under the population census. All households of the selected EBs were considered as sampling units and members aged 60 and above were considered as respondents. There was a slight preponderance of females, with the Malays comprising the majority of the subjects. Of the 486 respondents, mean aged 69.1 +/- 7.3 yr, 111 had at least one oral mucosal lesion, a prevalence of 22.8%. A total of 145 lesions were detected. The prevalence of OML was highest among Indians and least among the Chinese. The most common finding was tongue lesions, recording a prevalence of 10.7%, followed by oral pigmentation (4.9%) and white lesions (4.3%). Denture related lesions were comparatively low at 2.5%. Two cases of oral cancer if representative would give a relatively high prevalence of 0.4%.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Diseases/epidemiology*; Mouth Mucosa/pathology*
  14. A study on the prevalence of oral habits in 100 cases of squamous cell carcinoma in Malaysia
    Ng KH, Siar CH, Ramanathan K, Murugasu P
    Ann Dent, 1986;45(2):7-10.
    PMID: 3468879
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth*; Mouth Neoplasms/complications*
  15. Fulltext Pathologic effects of some therapeutic agents on oral mucosa
    Cugadasan V
    Med J Malaysia, 1980 Sep;35(1):73-6.
    PMID: 7254004
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Diseases/chemically induced*; Mouth Mucosa/drug effects*
  16. The effects of betel-nut chewing on the buccal mucosa: a histological study
    Lee KW, Chin CT
    Br. J. Cancer, 1970 Sep;24(3):433-41.
    PMID: 5475751
    Sixty-two "leukoplakias" from the cheeks of betel-nut chewers in West Malaysia were studied histologically. Ten biopsies were from non-tobacco betel-nut chewers. An amorphous von Kossa positive layer was seen on the keratin surface in 42 specimens. Tobacco did not appear essential for its formation, and it appeared to be significantly associated with parakeratosis. Its possible significance as a cuticle-like layer prolonging contact between carcinogens and the mucosa is discussed.Parakeratosis appeared to be the most common form of cornification seen, and the mitotic activity in parakeratinized leukoplakias appeared to be significantly greater than orthokeratinized leukoplakias.Comparison with studies on other population samples using different quids suggested that severe histological changes were more likely to be seen when tobacoo-containing quids were chewed as compared to non-tobacco-containing quids.An attempt to correlate the histological changes seen with the clinical habit in leukoplakias from chewers using tobacco-containing quids suggested that epithelial atrophy appeared to be significantly related to the duration of the habit but not to the "intensity" of the habit.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Mucosa/pathology*; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology*
  17. A 12-residue epitope displayed on phage T7 reacts strongly with antibodies against foot-and-mouth disease virus
    Wong CL, Yong CY, Muhamad A, Syahir A, Omar AR, Sieo CC, et al.
    Appl Microbiol Biotechnol, 2018 May;102(9):4131-4142.
    PMID: 29564523 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-8921-9
    Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a major threat to the livestock industry worldwide. Despite constant surveillance and effective vaccination, the perpetual mutations of the foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) pose a huge challenge to FMD diagnosis. The immunodominant region of the FMDV VP1 protein (residues 131-170) displayed on phage T7 has been used to detect anti-FMDV in bovine sera. In the present study, the functional epitope was further delineated using amino acid sequence alignment, homology modelling and phage display. Two highly conserved regions (VP1145-152 and VP1159-170) were identified among different FMDV serotypes. The coding regions of these two epitopes were fused separately to the T7 genome and displayed on the phage particles. Interestingly, chimeric phage displaying the VP1159-170 epitope demonstrated a higher antigenicity than that displaying the VP1131-170 epitope. By contrast, phage T7 displaying the VP1145-152 epitope did not react significantly with the anti-FMDV antibodies in vaccinated bovine sera. This study has successfully identified a smaller functional epitope, VP1159-170, located at the C-terminal end of the structural VP1 protein. The phage T7 displaying this shorter epitope is a promising diagnostic reagent to detect anti-FMDV antibodies in vaccinated animals.
    Matched MeSH terms: Foot-and-Mouth Disease/diagnosis; Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus/metabolism*
  18. Wind tunnel experimental research on the effect of col topography on wind environment
    Liu Hui
    Sains Malaysiana, 2016;45:99-107.
    Investigation of meteorological disasters caused by small-scale topography shows that flashover due to wind age yaw occurred quite often where col topography existed. Considering that the distribution pattern of wind profile at different locations of a col topography is not clear, this paper, with wind tunnel tests, studied the influenced of such topographic features of a col as hill slope and valley mouth width on the wind profile at different locations. The results of wind tunnel tests indicated that over-hill wind has a stronger effect on wind velocity correction coefficient than does valley wind, that compared to flat terrain wind velocity, the maximum speed-up amplitude of wind velocity at valley throat and hill summit reach 33 and 53%, respectively, apparently higher than 10% specified in Codes, that wind velocity at valley throat increases with the increase of hill slope and decreases with the increase of valley mouth width, that wind velocity in the valley basically does not go up when the slope of one hill side is smaller than 0.1 and that wind velocity at the same non-dimensional height of a 3D hill summit increases with the increase of hill height.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth
  19. Survival of Oral Cancer Patients in Different Ethnicities
    Ghani WMN, Ramanathan A, Prime SS, Yang YH, Razak IA, Abdul Rahman ZA, et al.
    Cancer Invest, 2019;37(7):275-287.
    PMID: 31307249 DOI: 10.1080/07357907.2019.1635614
    Previous studies found that ethnicity influences oral cancer patients' survival; however, most studies were limited to certain ethnic groups particularly from the West, thus of limited relevance to Asians where the disease is most prevalent. We investigated the relationship between ethnicity and patient survival in multi-racial Malaysia. 5-year survival rate was 40.9%. No statistically significant difference was observed in survival between Malays, Chinese, Indians and Indigenous peoples (45.7%, 44.0%, 41.3%, 27.7% respectively). Increased tumor size, lymph node involvement and advanced tumor were predictive of poor survival. We conclude that ethnicity has no effect on survival or its prognostic indicators.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/ethnology*; Mouth Neoplasms/mortality*; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology
  20. Fulltext Cost-effectiveness of oral cancer screening programmes: a systematic review of design and outcomes
    Sivaraj Raman, Asrul Akmal Shafie, Sok, Ching Cheong
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020;3(101):15-16.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Oral cancer screening programmes have been promoted to be an integral part of national-control strategies. However, such programmes are often not endorsed due to lack of evidence of its cost-effectiveness. This study aims to systematically review studies on the cost-effectiveness of oral cancer screening programmes.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms
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