Displaying publications 81 - 100 of 1914 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Comparison of Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Performance between Pilot-Scale Cellulose Triacetate Hollow-fiber and Polyamide Spiral-Wound Membrane Modules
    Kakihana Y, Jullok N, Shibuya M, Ikebe Y, Higa M
    Membranes (Basel), 2021 Feb 28;11(3).
    PMID: 33671075 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11030177
    Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) has recently received attention because of its ability to generate power via an osmotic pressure gradient between two solutions with different salinities: high- and low-salinity water sources. In this study, PRO performance, using the two pilot-scale PRO membrane modules with different configurations-five-inch cellulose triacetate hollow-fiber membrane module (CTA-HF) and eight-inch polyamide spiral-wound membrane modules (PA-SW)-was evaluated by changing the draw solution (DS) concentration, applied hydrostatic pressure difference, and the flow rates of DS and feed solution (FS), to obtain the optimum operating conditions in PRO configuration. The maximum power density per unit membrane area of PA-SW at 0.6 M NaCl was 1.40 W/m2 and 2.03-fold higher than that of CTA-HF, due to the higher water permeability coefficient of PA-SW. In contrast, the maximum power density per unit volume of CTA-SW at 0.6 M NaCl was 4.67 kW/m3 and 6.87-fold higher than that of PA-SW. The value of CTA-HF increased to 13.61 kW/m3 at 1.2 M NaCl and was 12.0-fold higher than that of PA-SW because of the higher packing density of CTA-HF.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hydrostatic Pressure; Osmotic Pressure
  2. Fulltext Characteristics of hypertension in obstructive sleep apnea: An Asian experience
    Hoshide S, Kario K, Chia YC, Siddique S, Buranakitjaroen P, Tsoi K, et al.
    J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2021 03;23(3):489-495.
    PMID: 33705599 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14184
    Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a risk of hypertension and is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence. In Asian countries, the prevalence of OSA is high, as in Western countries. When blood pressure (BP) is evaluated in OSA individuals using ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM), the BP phenotype often indicates abnormal BP variability, such as increased nighttime BP or abnormal diurnal BP variation, that is, non-dipper pattern, riser pattern, and morning BP surge, and all these conditions have been associated with increased CVD events. Asians have a higher prevalence of increased nighttime BP or morning BP surge than Westerners. Therefore, this review paper focused on OSA and hypertension from an Asian perspective to investigate the importance of the association between OSA and hypertension in the Asian population. Such abnormal BP variability has been shown to be associated with progression of arterial stiffness, and this association could provoke a vicious cycle between abnormal BP phenotypes and arterial stiffness, a phenomenon recognized as systemic hemodynamic atherothrombotic syndrome (SHATS). OSA may be one of the background factors that augment SHATS. An oxygen-triggered nocturnal oscillometric BP measurement device combined with a pulse oximeter for continuous SpO2 monitoring could detect BP variability caused by OSA. In addition to treating the OSA, accurate and reliable detection and treatment of any residual BP elevation and BP variability caused by OSA would be necessary to prevent CVD events. However, more detailed detection of BP variability, such as beat-by-beat BP monitoring, would further help to reduce CV events.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory
  3. Fulltext Prosthetics socket that incorporates an air splint system focusing on dynamic interface pressure
    Razak NA, Osman NA, Gholizadeh H, Ali S
    Biomed Eng Online, 2014;13:108.
    PMID: 25085005 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925X-13-108
    The interface pressure between the residual limb and prosthetic socket has a significant effect on an amputee's satisfaction and comfort. This paper presents the design and performance of a new prosthetic socket that uses an air splint system.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pressure*
  4. Fulltext Clinical implication of interface pressure for a new prosthetic suspension system
    Gholizadeh H, Osman NA, Eshraghi A, Abd Razak NA
    Biomed Eng Online, 2014;13:89.
    PMID: 24981801 DOI: 10.1186/1475-925X-13-89
    Prosthesis suspension systems can alter the distribution of pressure within the prosthetic socket. This study evaluates a new suspension system for lower limb prostheses, and aims to compare the interface pressure and amputees' satisfaction with the new system compared with a common prosthetic suspension system (pin/lock).
    Matched MeSH terms: Pressure*
  5. Impact of osmotic pressure and gelling in the generation of highly stable single core water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) nano multiple emulsions of aspirin assisted by two-stage ultrasonic cavitational emulsification
    Tang SY, Sivakumar M, Nashiru B
    Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2013 Feb 1;102:653-8.
    PMID: 23107943 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2012.08.036
    The present investigation focuses in investigating the effect of osmotic pressure, gelling on the mean droplet diameter, polydispersity index, droplet size stability of the developed novel Aspirin containing water-in-oil-in-water (W/O/W) nano multiple emulsion. The aspirin-loaded nano multiple emulsion formulation was successfully generated using two-stage ultrasonic cavitational emulsification which had been reported in author's previous study. The osmotic behavior of ultrasonically prepared nano multiple emulsions were also examined with different glucose concentrations both in the inner and outer aqueous phases. In addition, introducing gelatin into the formulation also observed to play an important role in preventing the interdroplet coalescence via the formation of interfacial rigid film. Detailed studies were also made on the possible mechanisms of water migration under osmotic gradient which primarily caused by the permeation of glucose. Besides, the experimental results have shown that the interfacial tension between the two immiscible phases decreases with varying the composition of organic phase. Although the W/O/W emulsion prepared with the inner/outer glucose weight ratio of 1-0.5% (w/w) showed an excellent droplet stability, the formulation containing 0.5% (w/w) glucose in the inner aqueous phase appeared to be the most stable with minimum change in the mean droplet size upon one-week storage period. Based on the optimization, nano multiple emulsion droplets with the mean droplet diameter of around 400 nm were produced using 1.25% (w/w) Span 80 and 0.5% Cremophore EL. Overall, our investigation makes a pathway in proving that the use of ultrasound cavitation is an efficient yet promising approach in the generation of stable and uniform nano multiple emulsions and could be used in the encapsulation of various active pharmaceutical ingredients in the near future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Osmotic Pressure*
  6. Fulltext Vacuum/compression valving (VCV) using parrafin-wax on a centrifugal microfluidic CD platform
    Al-Faqheri W, Ibrahim F, Thio TH, Moebius J, Joseph K, Arof H, et al.
    PLoS One, 2013;8(3):e58523.
    PMID: 23505528 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0058523
    This paper introduces novel vacuum/compression valves (VCVs) utilizing paraffin wax. A VCV is implemented by sealing the venting channel/hole with wax plugs (for normally-closed valve), or to be sealed by wax (for normally-open valve), and is activated by localized heating on the CD surface. We demonstrate that the VCV provides the advantages of avoiding unnecessary heating of the sample/reagents in the diagnostic process, allowing for vacuum sealing of the CD, and clear separation of the paraffin wax from the sample/reagents in the microfluidic process. As a proof of concept, the microfluidic processes of liquid flow switching and liquid metering is demonstrated with the VCV. Results show that the VCV lowers the required spinning frequency to perform the microfluidic processes with high accuracy and ease of control.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pressure*
  7. Determination of four lignans in Phyllanthus niruri L. by a simple high-performance liquid chromatography method with fluorescence detection
    Murugaiyah V, Chan KL
    J Chromatogr A, 2007 Jun 22;1154(1-2):198-204.
    PMID: 17418855 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.03.079
    A new and simple analytical method using HPLC with fluorescence detection was developed for the simultaneous determination of four lignans (phyllanthin, hypophyllanthin, phyltetralin and niranthin) in Phyllanthus niruri L. plant samples. Optimal separation was achieved with an isocratic mobile phase consisting of acetonitrile-water (55:45 v/v). The method recorded limits of detection (S/N=5) for phyllanthin at 0.61 ng/mL, hypophyllanthin at 6.02 ng/mL, phyltetralin at 0.61 ng/mL and niranthin at 1.22 ng/mL, being 80, 8, 80 and 40 times, respectively, lower when compared with those derived using HPLC-UV detection. The limits of quantification (S/N=12) were 4.88 ng/mL for phyllanthin and phyltetralin, 9.76 ng/mL for niranthin and 24.4 ng/mL for hypophyllanthin showing 40, 8 and 20 times, respectively, lower than those from the UV detection method. The within-day and between-day accuracy for the four lignans were between 98.1% and 102.9% while their precision values were below 2.2%. The mean recovery was between 92.5% and 110.1%. The method was then successfully applied for the quantification of lignans in P. niruri plant samples. The highest amount of lignans was found in the leaves followed by fruits, branches and stem, whilst the roots have the least amount of lignans.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods*
  8. Fulltext The role of renal nerve stimulation in percutaneous renal denervation for hypertension: A mini-review
    Huang HC, Cheng HM, Chia YC, Li Y, Van Minh H, Siddique S, et al.
    J Clin Hypertens (Greenwich), 2022 Sep;24(9):1187-1193.
    PMID: 36196464 DOI: 10.1111/jch.14554
    Recent trials have demonstrated the efficacy and safety of percutaneous renal sympathetic denervation (RDN) for blood pressure (BP)-lowering in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Nevertheless, major challenges exist, such as the wide variation of BP-lowering responses following RDN (from strong response to no response) and lack of feasible and reproducible peri-procedural predictors for patient response. Both animal and human studies have demonstrated different patterns of BP responses following renal nerve stimulation (RNS), possibly related to varied regional proportions of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve tissues along the renal arteries. Animal studies of RNS have shown that rapid electrical stimulation of the renal arteries caused renal artery vasoconstriction and increased norepinephrine secretion with a concomitant increase in BP, and the responses were attenuated after RDN. Moreover, selective RDN at sites with strong RNS-induced BP increases led to a more efficient BP-lowering effect. In human, when RNS was performed before and after RDN, blunted changes in RNS-induced BP responses were noted after RDN. The systolic BP response induced by RNS before RDN and blunted systolic BP response to RNS after RDN, at the site with maximal RNS-induced systolic BP response before RDN, both correlated with the 24-h ambulatory BP reductions 3-12 months following RDN. In summary, RNS-induced BP changes, before and after RDN, could be used to assess the immediate effect of RDN and predict BP reductions months following RDN. More comprehensive, large-scale and long term trials are needed to verify these findings.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  9. Fulltext Cross-sectional interrelationships between chronotype, obstructive sleep apnea and blood pressure in a middle-aged community cohort
    Sansom K, Reynolds A, Dhaliwal SS, Walsh J, Maddison K, Singh B, et al.
    J Sleep Res, 2023 Jun;32(3):e13778.
    PMID: 36330799 DOI: 10.1111/jsr.13778
    Chronotype is linked to adverse health measures and may have important associations with obstructive sleep apnea and blood pressure, but data are limited. This study aimed to determine the separate and combined associations of chronotype with obstructive sleep apnea and blood pressure in a middle-aged community population. Adults (n = 811) from the Raine Study (female = 59.2%; age mean [range] = 56.6 [42.1-76.6] years) were assessed for chronotype (Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire), blood pressure and hypertension (doctor diagnosed or systolic blood pressure ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic ≥ 90 mmHg), and obstructive sleep apnea at different in-laboratory apnea-hypopnea index thresholds (5, 10, 15 events per hr). Linear and logistic regression models examined relationships between chronotype and the presence and severity of obstructive sleep apnea, blood pressure, hypertension, and blood pressure stratified by obstructive sleep apnea severity at above-mentioned apnea-hypopnea index thresholds. Covariates included age, sex, body mass index, alcohol consumption, smoking, physical activity, sleep duration, anti-hypertensive medication, insomnia, and depressive symptoms. Most participants were categorised as morning (40%) or intermediate (43%), with 17% meeting criteria for evening chronotypes. Participants with apnea-hypopnea index ≥ 15 events per hr and morning chronotype had higher systolic (9.9 mmHg, p 
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  10. Novel Approaches in Primary Cardiovascular Disease Prevention: The HOPE-3 Trial Rationale, Design, and Participants' Baseline Characteristics
    Lonn E, Bosch J, Pogue J, Avezum A, Chazova I, Dans A, et al.
    Can J Cardiol, 2016 Mar;32(3):311-8.
    PMID: 26481083 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2015.07.001
    Cholesterol and blood pressure (BP) can be effectively and safely lowered with statin drugs and BP-lowering drugs, reducing major cardiovascular (CV) events by 20%-30% within 5 years in high-risk individuals. However, there are limited data in lower-risk populations. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation-3 (HOPE-3) trial is evaluating whether cholesterol lowering with a statin drug, BP lowering with low doses of 2 antihypertensive agents, and their combination safely reduce major CV events in individuals at intermediate risk who have had no previous vascular events and have average cholesterol and BP levels.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure; Blood Pressure Determination
  11. Fulltext Fast and Sensitive HPLC-ESI-MS/MS Method for Etoricoxib Quantification in Human Plasma and Application to Bioequivalence Study
    Loh GOK, Wong EYL, Tan YTF, Heng SC, Saaid M, Cheah KY, et al.
    Molecules, 2022 Sep 04;27(17).
    PMID: 36080473 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27175706
    Etoricoxib is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) used to treat pain and inflammation. The objective of the current study was to develop a sensitive, fast and high-throughput HPLC-ESI-MS/MS method to measure etoricoxib levels in human plasma using a one-step methanol protein precipitation technique. A tandem mass spectrometer equipped with an electrospray ionization (ESI) source operated in a positive mode and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) were used for data collection. The quantitative MRM transition ions were m/z 359.15 > 279.10 and m/z 363.10 > 282.10 for etoricoxib and IS. The linear range was from 10.00 to 4000.39 ng/mL and the validation parameters were within the acceptance limits of the European Medicine Agency (EMA) and Food and Drug Analysis (FDA) guidelines. The present method was sensitive (10.00 ng/mL with S/N > 40), simple, selective (K prime > 2), and fast (short run time of 2 min), with negligible matrix effect and consistent recovery, suitable for high throughput analysis. The method was used to quantitate etoricoxib plasma concentrations in a bioequivalence study of two 120 mg etoricoxib formulations. Incurred sample reanalysis results further supported that the method was robust and reproducible.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
  12. Effect of Different Types of Aerobic Exercise on Individuals With and Without Hypertension: An Updated Systematic Review
    Esmailiyan M, Amerizadeh A, Vahdat S, Ghodsi M, Doewes RI, Sundram Y
    Curr Probl Cardiol, 2023 Mar;48(3):101034.
    PMID: 34718034 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2021.101034
    High blood pressure (BP) is one of the main modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and preventing it greatly reduces the vascular consequences of aging and, along with intensive treatment of hypertension, eliminates a large portion of the burden of CVD-related mortality. Many meta-analyses and studies proved that regular aerobic exercise (AE) reduces BP but most of these studies consider only hypertensive populations or only AE but not resistant exercise or their combination. In this review, we aimed to study the effect of different types of physical activity (PA)/AE on various populations including normotensive, prehypertensive, primary hypertensive, and resistant hypertensive with different comorbidities. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar for English articles with keywords for physical activity, aerobic exercise, and blood pressure from January 2010 until September 2021. Finally, 24 studies were included. Results showed that chronic or acute AE (long-term or short-term), either alone or as combined with different sessions and programs can reduce systolic and diastolic BP in every group including normotensive, prehypertensive, primary hypertensive, resistant hypertensive individuals and diabetic patients and those with kidney problems but not in people with chronic heart failure. Isometric exercise training showed to be useful in reducing BP in all groups either as low intensity or as high intensity but the rate of reduction was different in terms of gender. AE showed to be effective in terms of BP reduction in a different age range. It can be seen that different types and duration of AE independent of the modality and programs and independent of the BP medical situation of individuals have been successful in terms of BP reduction. For those with chronic heart failure, more concern and help might be needed to decrease BP via exercise.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  13. Development and validation of a gradient HPLC-UV method for mitragynine following in vitro skin permeation studies
    Sim YS, Chong ZY, Azizi J, Goh CF
    J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci, 2022 Jul 15;1204:123316.
    PMID: 35700649 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123316
    Mitragynine is a promising candidate for pain relief and opiate replacement but the investigations for drug delivery are lacking. This study aims to investigate the potential of mitragynine to be delivered through the skin with an emphasis on developing and validating a gradient HPLC-UV analytical method to determine mitragynine in the samples collected during in vitro skin permeation studies. The optimised method involves a gradient elution using a C18 column with a mobile phase comprising acetonitrile and 0.1 %v/v of formic acid (0-1 min: 30:70 to 70:30 (v/v) and hold up to 4 min; 4-6 min: return to 30:70 (v/v) and hold up to 10 min) at a flow rate of 1.2 mL/min. This method was validated based on the standards set by the International Council on Harmonisation guidelines. The method showed mitragynine elution at ∼ 4 min with adequate linearity (R2 ≥ 0.999 for concentration ranges of 0.5-10 and 10-175 μg/mL) and acceptable limits of detection and quantification at 0.47 and 1.43 μg/mL, respectively. The analytical performance is robust with excellent precision and accuracy. This method was used to evaluate the in vitro skin permeation of mitragynine (5 %w/v) from simple solvent systems over 48 hr. The results showed a cumulative amount of mitragynine permeated at ∼ 11 μg/cm2 for dimethyl sulfoxide and ∼ 4 μg/cm2 for propylene glycol. The study not only addressed the issues of the currently available HPLC-UV methods that limit the direct application but also affirmed the potential of mitragynine to be delivered through the skin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
  14. Intraocular pressure measurements in paediatric glaucoma: A narrative review on accuracy, tolerability, and ease of use
    Yulia DE, Tan S
    Med J Malaysia, 2024 Mar;79(2):206-211.
    PMID: 38553928
    INTRODUCTION: Numerous tonometers are available to measure intraocular pressure (IOP) in children with glaucoma. This review aims to discuss IOP measurement techniques and principles and compare the accuracy, tolerability and ease of use of available tonometers in measuring IOP in paediatric glaucoma patients.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A review of observational studies was conducted to discuss the accuracy, tolerability and ease of use of tonometers in measuring IOP in children with glaucoma.

    RESULTS: Goldmann applanation tonometry (GAT) and its portable handheld versions remain the gold standard in measuring IOP. Tono-Pen (Reichert Ophthalmic Instruments, Depew, New York, USA) and rebound tonometer (RBT) both correlate well with GAT. Although both tonometers tend to overestimate IOP, Tono-Pen overestimates more than RBT. Overestimation is more remarkable in higher IOP and corneal pathologies (such as but not limited to scarred cornea and denser corneal opacity). RBT was better tolerated than other tonometers in children and was easier to use in children of all ages.

    CONCLUSIONS: RBT is the preferred tonometer for measuring IOP in children with glaucoma, as it is less traumatic, time efficient and does not require fluorescein dye or anaesthesia. However, examiners should use a second tonometer to confirm elevated IOP readings from the RBT.

    Matched MeSH terms: Intraocular Pressure*
  15. Evening dosing versus morning dosing of antihypertensive medications for nocturnal hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of 107 randomized controlled trials
    Lee EK, Wang S, Ng WL, Ramdzan SN, Tse E, Chan L, et al.
    J Hypertens, 2024 Oct 01;42(10):1653-1664.
    PMID: 39196688 DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003783
    Since the effects of once-daily antihypertensive (HT) medications are more pronounced within the first few hours of ingestion, evening administration of anti-HT medications can be a feasible treatment for nocturnal HT. However, no relevant meta-analysis has been conducted in patients with nocturnal HT. This meta-analysis included randomized controlled trials involving patients with elevated mean nocturnal blood pressure (BP) and compared evening anti-HT administration with morning administration. Multiple databases, including grey literature (e.g. clincialtrial.gov), were searched. Study selection and data extraction were conducted by two independent authors. Risk of bias assessment and overall quality of evidence were conducted using Cochrane risk-of-bias tool and GRADE by two independent authors. A total of 107 studies were included, 76 of which were investigated in China and had not been identified in previous reviews. Only one trial was ranked low risk-of-bias. Evening administration of anti-HT medications was effective in reducing nocturnal systolic BP (4.12-9.10 mmHg; I2 = 80.5-95.2%) and diastolic BP (3.38-5.87 mmHg; I2 = 87.4-95.6%). Subgroup analyses found that the effectiveness of evening administration was contributed by data from the Hermida group and China. Evening administration did not provide additional nocturnal/daytime/24-h BP reduction in non-Hermida/non-China studies (I2 = 0) and in meta-analyses that included studies with unclear or low risk of bias. The effectiveness of nocturnal BP reduction was similar across different types, doses, and half-lives of medications. Evening administration of anti-HT medications may reduce proteinuria, left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), nondipping and morning surge. The overall quality of evidence was ranked as very low to low. Our results highlight the scarcity of low risk-of-bias studies and emphasize the need for such trials to evaluate the efficacy of evening dosing of anti-HT medications as a standard treatment for patients with nocturnal HT across diverse populations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/drug effects
  16. A Comprehensive Analysis of Market Forms and Analytical Methods for Metformin Formulations
    Pandian SMK, Thanikachalam PV, Kaliyappan D, Kalusalingam A
    Biomed Chromatogr, 2025 Apr;39(4):e70028.
    PMID: 40071511 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.70028
    Metformin has been a cornerstone in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) for more than 50 years, either alone or in combination with other therapies. This oral antihyperglycemic agent, also known as dimethylbiguanide, plays a crucial role in regulating noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and is widely prescribed globally for various medical conditions. Recent advancements in its formulations have aimed to increase its effectiveness, tolerance, and nonglycemic effects. This review critically evaluates the analytical methods used to assess metformin formulations, including chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques, with a focus on sensitivity, specificity, and reliability. Comprehensive literature from various scientific databases was searched to gather information on metformin. Various formulations of metformin HCl, including hydrogels, solid dosage forms, mucoadhesive patches, lipospheres, and topical preparations, offer advantages like sustained release, improved bioavailability, and wound-healing potential. Analytical methods like RP-HPLC and UV-visible spectroscopy ensure the safety, stability, and accurate quantification of these formulations. These approaches support personalized treatment of T2DM, enhancing blood sugar control, therapeutic efficacy, and patient outcomes. This review offers valuable insights into metformin formulations and analytical aspects that researchers and pharmaceutical experts benefit in the further development and evaluation of metformin formulations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid/methods
  17. Blood Pressure Variability and Cognitive Function: a Scoping Review
    Asmuje NF, Mat S, Myint PK, Tan MP
    Curr Hypertens Rep, 2022 Oct;24(10):375-383.
    PMID: 35731334 DOI: 10.1007/s11906-022-01200-w
    PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To conduct a scoping review of articles which have evaluated BPV and cognitive function. Articles with keywords, titles or abstracts containing the terms 'cognitive' OR 'cognition' OR 'dementia' AND 'blood pressure variability' were identified from CINAHL, Medline, PMC and Web of Science.

    RECENT FINDINGS: Methods of acquisition and analysis of BPV and cognitive measurements and their relationship were extracted from selected articles. Of 656 studies identified, 53 articles were selected. Twenty-five evaluated long-term (LTBPV), nine mid-term (MTBPV), 12 short-term (STBPV) and nine very short-term BPV (VSTBPV) with conflicting findings on the relationship between BPV and cognition. Variations existed in devices, period and procedure for acquisition. The studies also utilized a wide range of methods of BPV calculation. Thirteen cognitive assessment tools were used to measure global cognition or domain functions which were influenced by the population of interest. The interpretation of available studies was hence limited by heterogeneity. There is an urgent need for standardization of BPV assessments to streamline research on BPV and cognition. Future studies should also establish whether BPV could be a potential modifiable risk factor for cognitive decline, as well as a marker for treatment response.

    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  18. Nocturnal hypoxia and the difference in morning and evening blood pressure measured at home
    Azahar NM, Ganbaatar G, Kitaoka K, Sawayama Y, Yano Y
    Hypertens Res, 2023 Mar;46(3):781-783.
    PMID: 36642752 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-01164-z
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  19. Impact of different dietary sodium reduction strategies on blood pressure: a systematic review
    Lai JS, Aung YN, Khalid Y, Cheah SC
    Hypertens Res, 2022 Nov;45(11):1701-1712.
    PMID: 35986189 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-022-00990-5
    High sodium intake was found to be associated with increased blood pressure. Decreasing dietary sodium intake can effectively reduce blood pressure, especially among hypertensive individuals, but the extent of reduction remains debatable. The effectiveness of different sodium reduction strategies on blood pressure reduction was identified in the current review. Randomized controlled trials and clinical trials on dietary sodium intake and blood pressure published from 23 March 2008 to 23 March 2021 were collected from the PubMed database. Twenty-six studies were included and divided into four subgroups based on the types of interventions identified. Subgroups included a low-sodium diet (1) in a group with or without added sodium, (2) through food substitutes, (3) through health education and behavior change, and (4) through salt substitutes. Reduction of dietary sodium intake resulted in a mean difference of 4.51 mmHg (95% CI: 3.35-5.67) in systolic blood pressure and 2.42 mmHg (95% CI: 1.61-3.23) in diastolic blood pressure. The effectiveness of these strategies was approximated from the difference in 24-h urinary sodium excretion between the intervention and control groups, which was 53.74 mmol/day (95% CI: 31.95-75.53). When analyzed, the low-sodium diet without added sodium showed the greatest significant differences in blood pressure (7.58/4.01 mmHg) and 24-h urinary sodium excretion (101.49 mmol/day), whereas the low-sodium diet through food substitutes yielded the lowest significant differences in blood pressure (2.26/0.81 mmHg) and 24-h urinary sodium excretion (25.78 mmol/day). Thus, reducing sodium intake can be an effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of hypertension.
    Matched MeSH terms: Blood Pressure/physiology
  20. Fulltext Fabrication and Compressive Properties of Low to Medium Porosity Closed-Cell Porous Aluminum Using PMMA Space Holder Technique
    Jamal NA, Tan AW, Yusof F, Katsuyoshi K, Hisashi I, Singh S, et al.
    Materials (Basel), 2016 Mar 30;9(4).
    PMID: 28773377 DOI: 10.3390/ma9040254
    In recent years, closed-cell porous Aluminum (Al) has drawn increasing attention, particularly in the applications requiring reduced weight and energy absorption capability such as in the automotive and aerospace industries. In the present work, porous Al with closed-cell structure was successfully fabricated by powder metallurgy technique using PMMA as a space holder. The effects of the amount of PMMA powder on the porosity, density, microstructure and compressive behaviors of the porous specimens were systematically evaluated. The results showed that closed-cell porous Al having different porosities (12%-32%) and densities (1.6478 g/cm³, 1.5125 g/cm³ and 1.305 g/cm³) could be produced by varying the amount of PMMA (20-30 wt %). Meanwhile, the compressive behavior results demonstrated that the plateau stress decreased and the energy absorption capacity increased with increasing amount of PMMA. However, the maximum energy absorption capacity was achieved in the closed-cell porous Al with the addition of 25 wt % PMMA. Therefore, fabrication of closed-cell porous Al using 25 wt % PMMA is considered as the optimal condition in the present study since the resultant closed-cell porous Al possessed good combinations of porosity, density and plateau stress, as well as energy absorption capacity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Pressure
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links