Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 254 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Selectively mixed matrix hemodialysis membrane for adequate clearance of p-cresol by the incorporation of imprinted zeolite
    Raharjo Y, Ismail AF, Dzarfan Othman MH, Fahmi MZ, Saiful, Santoso D, et al.
    RSC Adv, 2023 Jan 18;13(5):2972-2983.
    PMID: 36756405 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra07557a
    The adequacy in uremic toxin removal upon hemodialysis treatment is essential in patients with kidney failure diseases as poor removal leads to heart failure, hypertension, and stroke. The combination of adsorption and diffusion processes has become very advantageous for hemodialysis membranes. By this mechanism, water-soluble uremic toxins (WSUTs) and protein-bounded uremic toxins (PBUTs) could be removed at one time. Therefore, this study aimed to develop a novel imprinted zeolite by p-cresol (IZC) and then incorporated it into polyethersulfone (PES) and poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) to produce hollow fiber mixed matrix membrane (HF-MMM). The IZC proved to be sensitive in attracting the adsorbate, classifying it as having a strong adsorption behavior. Accordingly, IZC is very promising to be applied as an adsorbent in the hemodialysis treatment. In this study, IZC as p-cresol's adsorbent was incorporated into a PES-based polymeric membrane with a small addition of PVP to produce HF-MMM using a dry/wet spinning process. The effect of air gap distance between the spinneret and coagulant bath and percentage loading for PES, PVP, and IZC were studied and optimized to obtain the best performance of HF-MMM. The 40 cm of air gap distance, 16 wt% of PES, 2 wt% of PVP, and 1 wt% of IZC loading were able to produce a superior hemodialysis membrane. These optimized parameters showed sufficient uremic toxin removal, i.e., 60.74% of urea, 52.35% of p-cresol in the phosphate buffer saline solution, and 66.29% of p-cresol in bovine serum albumin solution for 4 h permeation using the dialysis system. These HF-MMMs also achieved pure water flux of 67.57 L m-2 h-1 bar-1 and bovine serum albumin rejection of 95.05%. Therefore, this membrane has proven to be able to clean up WSUT and PBUT through a one-step process. Moreover, as compared to the neat PES membrane, MMM was able to remove p-cresol at 186.22 times higher capability.
  2. Fulltext In vivo Study of Chalcone Loaded Carbon Dots for Enhancement of Anticancer and Bioimaging Potencies
    Fahmi MZ, Aung YY, Ahmad MA, Kristanti AN, Sakti SCW, Arjasa OP, et al.
    Nanotheranostics, 2023;7(3):281-298.
    PMID: 37064612 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.80030
    The fluorescent imaging and drug delivery utilizing carbon dots nanomaterials (CDs) have attracted tremendously due to their unique optical ability and outstanding biocompatibility. Herein, we reported a new design of chalcone-loaded carbon dots (Chalcone-APBA-CDs) to serve chalcone transport onto cancer cells and enhance the CDs bioimaging and antitumor activity. The boronic acid was directly introduced to carbon dots (CDs) via pyrolysis process to drive CDs specifically to the cancer cell, and chalcone was mediated on CDs by ultrasonication to perform facile release of the drug delivery model. The successfully synthesized Chalcone-APBA-CDs were proved by their chemical structure, fluorescent activities, in vitro and in vivo analyses, and drug release systems using different pH. In addition, flow cytometry and confocal fluorescent imaging proved CDs' cellular uptake and imaging performance. In vitro analyses further proved that the Chalcone-APBA-CDs exhibited a higher toxicity value than bare CDs and efficiently inhibited the proliferation of the HeLa cells depending on their dose-response. Finally, the performance of Chalcone-APBA-CDs on cancer healing capability was examined in vivo with fibrosarcoma cancer-bearing mice, which showed a remarkable ability to reduce the tumor volume compared with saline (control). This result strongly suggested that the Chalcone-APBA-CDs appear promising simultaneously as cancer cell imaging and drug delivery.
  3. Fulltext Circadian Disruption and Occupational Toxicants Exposure Affecting the Immunity of Shift Workers During SARS CoV-2 Pandemic
    Mohd Fuad SH, Juliana N, Mohd Azmi NAS, Mohd Fahmi Teng NI, Azmani S, Abu IF, et al.
    Front Public Health, 2022;10:829013.
    PMID: 35392476 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.829013
    In several regions of the world, the recent Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic outbreak increased morbidity and mortality. The pandemic situation disrupted many workers' previously established lifestyles. The main aim of the present review was to describe the circadian disruption and occupational toxicant exposure affecting the immunity of shift workers during the SARS CoV-2 pandemic. We retrieved pertinent published literature from the Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus databases. In the present review, we discuss the circadian rhythm involving the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis at the molecular level, its disruption, occupational toxicant exposure causing immunomodulatory effects, and the role of immunity during the SARS CoV-2 pandemic. The severity of the progression of the viral infection depends on multiple factors affecting immunity. Hence, shift workers may need to be aware of those factors such as circadian rhythm disruption as well as occupational toxicant exposure. The timing of shift workers' energy intake is also important concerning the shift of the workers. The information in the present review may be important for all workers who are at risk during the pandemic. In the absence of any published literature related to association of circadian rhythm disruption with occupational toxicant exposure, the present review may have greater importance.
  4. Unraveling In vivo Potential of Curcumin-loaded Graphene Quantum Dots on Drug Delivery and Release Kinetics Aspects of Cancer Treatment
    Fahmi MZ, Sugito SFA, Wibrianto A, Novania S, Widyastuti S, Ahmad MA, et al.
    Nanotheranostics, 2024;8(4):521-534.
    PMID: 39507106 DOI: 10.7150/ntno.96559
    This study introduces an innovative magnetic-based multifunctional anti-cancer drug carrier aiming to enhance the efficacy of curcumin in cancer therapy. The research investigates the potential of Graphene Quantum Dots (GQDs) as a curcumin drug delivery system for inhibiting in vivo cancer growth. GQDs with a particle diameter below 10 nm were synthesized via hydrothermal and Hummers methods, exhibiting homogeneity and crystalline structure according to AFM and XRD analyses. FTIR analysis confirmed functionalization success, revealing the formation of bonds between GQDs and curcumin. The optical properties of GQDs were assessed using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer and spectrofluorometer, resulting in vigorous fluorescence with a quantum yield of 1.32%. Subsequently, loading curcumin onto GQDs (CQDs/cur) resulted in an efficient system for delivering the anti-cancer drug, demonstrating significant in vivo efficacy. It was indicated by reduced tumor diameter and increased body weight in mice. Furthermore, the release kinetics of curcumin from GQDs were analyzed using the Peppas-Sahlin equation under varying pH conditions (4, 7, and 9), revealing the highest release rate in acidic conditions. In conclusion, this study highlights the potential of GQDs as highly efficient carriers for targeted curcumin delivery, showcasing promising prospects in cancer treatment.
  5. Oxidation of p-cresol by ozonation
    Muhammad Ridwan Fahmi, Che Zulzikrami Azner Abidin, Ong Sa, Abdul Haqi Ibrahim, Siti Nasuha Sabri, Nur Aqilah Razali, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:1085-1091.
    Oxidation of p-Cresol was investigated by using ozonation process. The aim of this research is to assess the effectiveness
    of ozonation on oxidation of micropollutant such as p-Cresol. Ozonation performance was evaluated based on p-Cresol
    concentration reduction and chemical oxidation demand (COD) reduction. It was found ozonation at pH11 achieved
    the highest p-Cresol degradation, with 95.8% of p-Cresol reduced and 96.0% of COD reduced, for an initial 50 mgL-1
    of p-Cresol. The degradation of p-Cresol could be expressed by second-order of kinetic model. The second-order rate
    constant k increases as the initial pH increased, but decreases with the increasing of initial p-Cresol concentrations.
    Besides, the absorption spectra of p-Cresol over ozonation time were analyzed by spectrophotometry. The evolution of
    absorption spectra of p-Cresol degradation suggests that the oxidation of p-Cresol follows three stages mechanisms
    with cycloaddition as the first step to produce aromatic intermediates followed by ring-opening reactions, degradation
    of the intermediates, and subsequently achieved mineralization.
  6. Fulltext Efficacy of consumer antibacterial and non-antibacterial body washes on skin normal flora and pathogen
    Khairatul Ayyun Mohd Ramli, Siti Nur Balqis Shamsuri, Nur Najihah Mohd Raslam, Nurul Huda Nabilah Halim, Nursyafiqah Samad, Mohamad Saifullah Sulaiman, et al.
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(201):16-22.
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Antibacterial products contain active ingredients that are used to prevent bacterial growth and contamination. Previous studies suggest that antibacterial products are no more effective at removing s kin pathogen compared to plain soap. It is essential to collect the data regarding the effectiveness of antibacterial products with the purpose of continuous surveillance in the detection of emerging resistance pattern. Method: In vitro antimicrobial activity of six products were established on four species of bacteria namely Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa that represent the bacterial pathogen commonly found on human skin and the surrounding environment. These pathogens are also implicated as the causative organisms for skin infections. Results: Product that contains triclosan has the highest bactericidal effect as it is effective against a broad spectrum of bacteria. Body washes without any antibacterial agent also exhibit bactericidal activity but at higher concentrations. Gram-positive bacteria showed more sensitivity compared to gram-negative bacteria. Conclusion: Antibacterial and non-antibacterial products have bactericidal effects at different concentration. Different active ingredients showed different antibacterial effects on tested bacteria. Extend usage of antibacterial products pose adverse effects on skin normal flora and can lead to antimicrobial resistance.
  7. Fulltext Robotic-assisted thyroidectomy: a new experience in anaesthesia
    Adlin Dasima, A.K., Nadia Hanom, I., Siti Aznida, A.K., Rusnaini, M.K., Mohd Fahmi, Z., Mohd Nazir, M.S., et al.
    Journal of Surgical Academia, 2017;7(1):51-54.
    MyJurnal
    This is our first experience in providing general anaesthesia for robotic-assisted thyroidectomy (RAT). It is rather a
    new experience for our anaesthetic team and few issues should be addressed. The conduct of RAT must be fully
    understood and familiarized as it may present with few challenges for the anaesthesiologists. The key point of
    success during this learning curve period is the importance of teamwork between the anaesthesiologists and the
    operating surgeons. The specific anaesthetic challenges include limited access to the patient post-docking of the
    robot, the need of extra precautions of the anaesthetic circuit and IV line connections, a vigilant anaesthesiologists
    and options for postoperative pain relief.
  8. Effects of Ni, Fe and Mn exposures towards the growth of Anabaena floss-aquae in the batchculture
    Khairiah Jusoh, Nik Marzuki Sidik, Mohd. Fahmi Ismail, Shaanaz Mohd. Yusof, Tunisah Risman, Ahmad Mahir Razali, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2008;37.
    The aim of this work is to investigate the effect of exposure of heavy metals such as Ni, Fe and Mn on the growth of the cyanobacteria Anabaena flos-aquae, which can be found in fresh water environment. Results of the experiments showed that exposure of A. flos-aquae to Ni caused the most toxic effect as compared to exposure with Fe and Mn. The 96 hr LC50 value for Ni exposure was 0.321 mg/mL (approximately 30% inhibition), whereas Mn was the second most toxic metal followed by Fe with the 96 hr LC50 values of 0.684 mg/mL and 3.020 mg/mL respectively. This study demonstrated that even though Fe and Mn are essential micronutrients for A. flos-aquae, both show toxic effects at high concentrations. The difference in the toxicity value between Fe and Mn for A. flos-aquae is five times and this indicates that Mn was five times more toxic to A. flos-aquae than Fe suggesting that the Cyanobacteria is more tolerant to Fe when compared with Mn.
  9. A systematic approach of rock slope stability assessment: a case study at Gunung Kandu, Gopeng, Perak, Malaysia
    Ainul Mardhiyah Mohd Razib, Goh TL, Nur Amanina Mazlan, Muhammad Fahmi Abdul Ghani, Tuan Rusli Tuan Mohamed, Abdul Ghani Rafek, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:1413-1421.
    The stability of the limestone cliff at Gunung Kandu, Gopeng, Perak, Malaysia was assessed based on the Slope Mass
    Rating (SMR) system on 53 cross sections of the Gunung Kandu hill slopes. The slopes of Gunung Kandu were identified
    as class I (very good) to IV (poor). The kinematic analysis showed that 12 out of 53 hill slopes of Gunung Kandu were
    identified as having potential wedge, planar and toppling failures. The assessment showed that the stability of the western
    flanks can be classified as stable to unstable with the probability of failure from 0.2 to 0.6. The stability of the eastern and
    southern flanks range from very stable to partially stable with the probability of failure from 0.0 to 0.4. While the stability
    of northern flanks are from very stable to stable with the probability of failure of 0.0 - 0.2. This systematic approach
    offers a practical method especially for large area of rock slope stability assessment and the results from probability of
    failure values will help engineers to design adequate mitigation measures.
  10. Inclusion of curcumin in β-cyclodextrins as potential drug delivery system: preparation, characterization and its preliminary cytotoxicity approaches
    Muhammad Hasnor Ja’far, Nik Nur Syazni Nik Mohamed Kamal, Boon YH, Muhammad Fahmi Kamaruzzaman, Nur Nadhirah Mohamad Zain, Noorfatimah Yahaya, et al.
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:977-989.
    The development and application of organic based drug carrier in drug delivery system (DDSs) with greater efficacy and
    fewer side effects remains a significant challenge in modern scientific and medical research. The aim of current study
    was to evaluate the ability of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as drug delivery carrier to encapsulate Curcumin (CUR), a promising
    chemotherapeutic that exhibits low aqueous solubility and poor bioavailability forming inclusion complex by kneading
    method to enhance its delivery to cancer cells. Different methods and analysis such as Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR)
    spectrometer, 1
    H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1
    H NMR), X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM)
    and Thermo-gravimetric Analysis (TGA) were employed to approve the successful formation of the inclusion complex
    where the aromatic ring of CUR has been encapsulated by the hydrophobic cavity of β-CD. UV absorption indicated that
    β-CD complex with CUR with an apparent formation constant of 1.09 × 10-8mol-1dm-3. Based on the data obtained by
    methylthiazole tetrazolium (MTT), β-CD showed that not only did it enhanced Curcumin delivery, but it also improved
    and promoted the anti-proliferative effect of CUR during the complexation rather than CUR alone on the MCF-7 human
    breast cancer cells at 24 h incubation period with IC50 lower than that of Curcumin alone. The toxicities of the β-CD-CUR
    towards MCF-7 cells were also compared to the free tamoxifen, Curcumin and β-CD. This study provides a preliminary
    toxicity evaluation based on β-CD-CUR inclusion complex as potential delivery system towards the selected cancer cells.
  11. Extraction and purification of thorium oxide (tho2) from monazite mineral
    Che Nor Aniza Che Zainul Bahri, Aznan Fazli Ismail, Amran Ab. Majid, Mohd Izzat Fahmi Mohd Ruf, Wadee'ah Mutahir Al-areqi
    Sains Malaysiana, 2018;47:1873-1882.
    Monazit merupakan mineral fosfat yang mengandungi unsur nadir bumi, torium dan uranium dalam kepekatan tertentu.
    Kepekatan torium dalam monazit di Malaysia dilaporkan sekitar 2,525.0 - 40,868 ppm dan berpotensi digunakan
    sebagai bahan api untuk kegunaan reaktor nuklear torium. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini bertujuan mengkaji
    proses pengekstrakan dan penulenan torium oksida (ThO2
    ) daripada monazit tempatan. Proses pengekstrakan dan
    penulenan ThO2
    dibahagikan kepada empat peringkat iaitu proses penghadaman, pengasingan, pengekstrakan pelarut
    dan pengkalsinan. Pencirian sampel telah dilakukan melalui analisis spektrometri jisim gandingan plasma teraruh (ICPMS), analisis termogravimetri (TGA), pembelauan sinar-X (XRD) dan mikroskopi pengimbas elektron dengan spektroskopi
    serakan tenaga sinar-X (SEM-EDS). Proses penghadaman telah menghasilkan larutan larut lesap monazit ((Th,REE,U)
    (SO4
    )
    2
    ) yang mengandungi sehingga 99.77 ± 7.84 mg torium. Unsur nadir bumi (La, Ce, Nd, Pr, Sm, Eu dan Gd) telah
    diasingkan daripada torium pada peratusan 96.73%. Manakala larutan Th(NO3
    )
    4
    dan ThO2
    yang dihasilkan masing- masing
    berketulenan 97.10 ± 0.74% dan 98.85 ± 0.69%. Sehubungan dengan itu, kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa pengekstrakan
    dan penulenan ThO2
    daripada monazit tempatan boleh dilakukan melalui proses pengekstrakan berperingkat.
  12. Fulltext Dosimetric Analysis of Rhizophora-based Phantom Material in Radiation Therapy Applications Using Monte Carlo GATE Simulation
    Zuber SH, Hadi MFRA, Samson DO, Jayamani J, Rabaiee NA, Aziz MZA, et al.
    J Med Phys, 2023;48(4):358-364.
    PMID: 38223797 DOI: 10.4103/jmp.jmp_75_23
    PURPOSE: This study aims to determine the percentage depth dose (PDD) of a phantom material made from soy-lignin bonded Rhizophora spp. particleboard coated with a gloss finish by using Monte Carlo Geant4 Application for Tomographic Emission (GATE) simulation.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: The particleboard was fabricated using a hot pressing technique at target density of 1.0 g·cm-3 and the elemental fraction was recorded for the simulation. The PDD was simulated in the GATE simulation using the linear accelerator Elekta Synergy model for the water phantom and Rhizophora phantom, and the results were compared with the experimental PDD performed by several studies. Beam flatness and beam symmetry were also measured in this study.

    RESULTS: The simulated PDD for Rhizophora and water was in agreement with the experimental PDD of water with overall discrepancies of 0% to 8.7% at depth ranging from 1.0 to 15.0 cm. In the GATE simulation, all the points passed the clinical 3%/3 mm criterion in comparison with water, with the final percentage of 2.34% for Rhizophora phantom and 2.49% for the water phantom simulated in GATE. Both the symmetries are all within the range of an acceptable value of 2.0% according to the recommendation, with the beam symmetry of the water phantom and Rhizophora phantom at 0.58% and 0.28%, respectively.

    CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study provide the necessary foundation to confidently use the phantom for radiotherapy purposes, especially in treatment planning.

  13. Fulltext Protective effects of (1-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-m-tolyl-propenone chalcone in indomethacin-induced gastric erosive damage in rats
    Dhiyaaldeen SM, Amin ZA, Darvish PH, Mustafa IF, Jamil MM, Rouhollahi E, et al.
    BMC Vet Res, 2014;10:961.
    PMID: 25551777 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-014-0303-7
    Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can result in peptic ulcer disease (PUD) which is a common condition worldwide. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiulcer properties of (1-(4-hydroxy-phenyl)-3-m-tolyl-propenone) (HPTP) chalcone in rats using indomethacin as ulcerogenic agent.
  14. Problems, control, and treatment of fat, oil, and grease (FOG): a review
    Husain IA, Alkhatib MF, Jammi MS, Mirghani ME, Bin Zainudin Z, Hoda A
    J Oleo Sci, 2014;63(8):747-52.
    PMID: 25007744
    Presence of fat, oil, and grease (FOG) in wastewater is an ever-growing concern to municipalities and solid-waste facility operators. FOG enters the sewer system from restaurants, residences, and industrial food facilities. Its release into the sewer system results in a continuous build-up that causes eventual blockage of sewer pipes. Several researchers have investigated FOG deposition based on the local conditions of sewers and lifestyle. This paper attempts to review the physical and chemical characteristics of FOG, sources of FOG, and potential chemical and biological reactions of FOG. The effect of the aforementioned factors on the FOG-deposition mechanism is also discussed. Moreover, insight into the current control and treatment methods and potential reuse of FOG is highlighted. It is expected that this review would provide scientists and the concerned authorities a holistic view of the recent researches on FOG control, treatment, and reuse.
  15. Fulltext Applying theory of planned behavior to predict exercise maintenance in sarcopenic elderly
    Ahmad MH, Shahar S, Teng NI, Manaf ZA, Sakian NI, Omar B
    Clin Interv Aging, 2014;9:1551-61.
    PMID: 25258524 DOI: 10.2147/CIA.S60462
    This study aimed to determine the factors associated with exercise behavior based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) among the sarcopenic elderly people in Cheras, Kuala Lumpur. A total of 65 subjects with mean ages of 67.5±5.2 (men) and 66.1±5.1 (women) years participated in this study. Subjects were divided into two groups: 1) exercise group (n=34; 25 men, nine women); and 2) the control group (n=31; 22 men, nine women). Structural equation modeling, based on TPB components, was applied to determine specific factors that most contribute to and predict actual behavior toward exercise. Based on the TPB's model, attitude (β=0.60) and perceived behavioral control (β=0.24) were the major predictors of intention to exercise among men at the baseline. Among women, the subjective norm (β=0.82) was the major predictor of intention to perform the exercise at the baseline. After 12 weeks, attitude (men's, β=0.68; women's, β=0.24) and subjective norm (men's, β=0.12; women's, β=0.87) were the predictors of the intention to perform the exercise. "Feels healthier with exercise" was the specific factor to improve the intention to perform and to maintain exercise behavior in men (β=0.36) and women (β=0.49). "Not motivated to perform exercise" was the main barrier among men's intention to exercise. The intention to perform the exercise was able to predict actual behavior regarding exercise at the baseline and at 12 weeks of an intervention program. As a conclusion, TPB is a useful model to determine and to predict maintenance of exercise in the sarcopenic elderly.
  16. Fulltext Draft Genome Sequence of Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida Strain PMTB, Isolated from a Buffalo
    Yap HY, Ghazali K, Wan Mohamad Nazarie WF, Mat Isa MN, Zakaria Z, Omar AR
    Genome Announc, 2013;1(5).
    PMID: 24136854 DOI: 10.1128/genomeA.00872-13
    Pasteurella multocida serotypes B:2 and E:2 are the main causative agents of ruminant hemorrhagic septicemia in Asia and Africa, respectively. Pasteurella multocida strain PMTB was isolated from a buffalo with hemorrhagic septicemia and has been determined to be serotype B:2. Here we report the draft genome sequence of strain PMTB.
  17. Improvement of metabolic parameters in healthy older adult men following a fasting calorie restriction intervention
    Teng NI, Shahar S, Rajab NF, Manaf ZA, Johari MH, Ngah WZ
    Aging Male, 2013 Dec;16(4):177-83.
    PMID: 24044618 DOI: 10.3109/13685538.2013.832191
    Calorie restriction and intermittent fasting are two dietary interventions that can improve aging. Religious fasting also suggested having similar benefit; however, such studies are still scarce. Thus, this study aimed to determine the effect of fasting calorie restriction (FCR) on metabolic parameters and DNA damage among healthy older adult men.
  18. Drug-like and non drug-like pattern classification based on simple topology descriptor using hybrid neural network
    Wan-Mamat WM, Isa NA, Wahab HA, Wan-Mamat WM
    Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc, 2009;2009:6424-7.
    PMID: 19964424 DOI: 10.1109/IEMBS.2009.5333747
    An intelligent prediction system has been developed to discriminate drug-like and non drug-like molecules pattern. The system is constructed by using the application of advanced version of standard multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network called Hybrid Multilayer Perceptron (HMLP) neural network and trained using Modified Recursive Prediction Error (MRPE) training algorithm. In this work, a well understood and easy excess Rule of Five + Veber filter properties are selected as the topological descriptor. The main idea behind the selection of this simple descriptor is to assure that the system could be used widely, beneficial and more advantageous regardless at all user level within a drug discovery organization.
  19. Fulltext Awake Craniotomy: A Case Series of Anaesthetic Management using a Combination of Scalp Block, Dexmedetomidine and Remifentanil in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia
    Mohd Nazaruddin WH, Lukman MF, Abd Mukmin L, Zamzuri I, Izaini Ghani AR, Mohamad Zaini RH
    Med J Malaysia, 2013;68(1):64-6.
    PMID: 23466770 MyJurnal
    Awake craniotomy is a brain surgery in patients who are kept awake when it is indicated for certain intracranial pathologies. The anaesthetic management strategy is very important to achieve the goals of the surgery. We describe a series of our first four cases performed under a combination of scalp block and conscious sedation. Scalp block was performed using a mixture of ropivacaine 0.7% and adrenaline 5 5µg/ ml administered to the nerves that innervate the scalp. Conscious sedation was achieved with a combination of two recently available drugs in our country, dexmedetomidine (selective α 2-agonist) and remifentanil (ultra-short acting opioid). Remifentanil was delivered in a target controlled infusion (TCI) mode.
  20. Statistical evaluation of alternative light sources for bloodstain photography
    Lee WC, Khoo BE, Bin Abdullah AF, Abdul Aziz ZB
    J Forensic Sci, 2013 May;58(3):658-63.
    PMID: 23488634 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12103
    Bloodstain photography is important in forensic applications, especially for bloodstain pattern analysis. This study compares the enhancement effect of bloodstain photography using three different types of light source: fluorescent white light, near-ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diode (LED) light, and 410 nm LED light. Randomized complete block designs were implemented to identify the lighting that would statistically produce the best enhancement results for bloodstains on different types of surfaces. Bloodstain samples were prepared on white cotton, brown carpet, tar road, and wood. These samples were photographed in darkroom conditions using a Canon EOS 50D digital SLR camera, with Canon EFS 60 mm f/2.8 Macro USM lens. Two-way analysis of variance and Fisher's least significant difference test were used to analyze the contrast of the images. The statistical analysis showed that 410 nm light is the best among the tested lights for enhancing bloodstains on the tested surfaces, where the contrast of bloodstain to background was the highest.
Related Terms
    Try searching for something
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links