Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 1777 in total

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  1. Snake bite in Kelantanese children: a five year experience
    Tan KK, Choo KE, Ariffin WA
    Toxicon, 1990;28(2):225-30.
    PMID: 2339437
    The records associated with 83 children from 16 months to 12 years of age who were admitted with snake bite to Kota Bharu General Hospital and University Hospital, Universiti Sains Malaysia over a 5 year period were reviewed. Elapid bites were more common than viper bites while sea-snake bites were not recorded. Symptoms were relatively mild, the common clinical features being pain and local swelling. Antivenom therapy was required in 11 children. Only three of the 11 children developed minor adverse reactions to antivenom. Four of the 83 required ventilatory support for respiratory failure and two children died.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  2. Fulltext The burden of typhoid fever in Klang Valley, Malaysia, 2011-2015
    Muhammad EN, Abdul Mutalip MH, Hasim MH, Paiwai F, Pan S, Mahmud MAF, et al.
    BMC Infect Dis, 2020 Nov 16;20(1):843.
    PMID: 33198646 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-020-05500-x
    BACKGROUND: Typhoid fever causes global morbidity and mortality and is a significant health burden, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. The direct fecal-oral route is the main transmission mode, but indirect environmental transmission could occur, particularly in urban settings. This study aimed to investigate the burden and trend of typhoid fever, reporting the coverage system between government and private practice and pattern of multidrug-resistant (MDR) typhoid cases in the urban Klang Valley area from 2011 to 2015.

    METHODS: The data from a cross-sectional study retrieved from the e-Notifikasi System, a national reporting system for communicable diseases provided by the Disease Control Division, Ministry of Health Malaysia and secondary data of all the typhoid cases were obtained from the public and private hospitals and laboratories in Klang Valley. Descriptive analysis was performed to examine the sociodemographic characteristics, spatial mapping was conducted to examine trends, and the crude incidence rates of confirmed typhoid cases and percentage of reporting coverage were calculated. Significant differences between MDR and non-MDR Salmonella typhi were determined in the patient's sociodemographic characteristics, which were analyzed using χ2 test. P values

    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  3. Infant feeding practices among nursing personnel in Malaysia
    Sinniah D, Chon FM, Arokiasamy J
    Acta Paediatr Scand, 1980 Jul;69(4):525-9.
    PMID: 7446101
    Concerned by the alarming decline in breast feeding in the urban and rural areas of Malaysia, we conducted a critical review of infant feeding practices among nursing personnel from representative centres using questionnaires. It was found that although 75% of mothers breast-fed their babies at birth only 19% did so at 2 months and 5% at 6 months respectively. Chinese mothers initiated breast feeding less frequently compared with Indian or Malay mothers. The prevalence of breast feeding was higher among lower category nurses, lower income groups and those from health centres. Decision for breast feeding was based in most instances on conviction derived from reading, lectures or advice from relatives. The vast majority of mothers listed "work' as the main reason for termination of breast feeding followed by "insufficient breast milk' and satisfactory past experience with bottle feeding. The ramifications of these findings and measures to improve the prevalence and duration of breast feeding are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  4. Nutritional problems of Malaysian children and approaches taken to overcome them
    Arokiasamy JT
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 1990;4(1):65-71.
    PMID: 2223281
    Nutritional status of children is an important factor in child survival, especially in developing countries. It is therefore important that nutritional problems are addressed and overcome. This paper reviews the many studies conducted in Malaysia on nutritional problems among children. It also documents the approaches, including intersectoral approaches, that have been taken to overcome these problems. Possible actions that have to be taken in the future to further improve the nutritional status of Malaysian children are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  5. Hypospadias repair: Byar's two stage operation revisited
    Arshad AR
    Br J Plast Surg, 2005 Jun;58(4):481-6.
    PMID: 15897031
    Hypospadias is a congenital deformity characterised by an abnormally located urethral opening, that could occur anywhere proximal to its normal location on the ventral surface of glans penis to the perineum. Many operations had been described for the management of this deformity.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  6. Fulltext A study of cleft lip and palate in neonates born in a large Malaysian maternity hospital over a 2-year period
    Boo NY, Arshad AR
    Singapore Med J, 1990 Feb;31(1):59-62.
    PMID: 2333547
    Out of 52,379 babies delivered in the Maternity Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, over a 2-year period, 64 were born with cleft lip and/or palates. The rate of occurrence of cleft was 1.24 per 1000 livebirths or 1.20 per 1000 deliveries. The Chinese babies had the highest incidence (1.9 per 1000 deliveries) while the Malays had the lowest (0.98 per 1000 deliveries). The most common type was unilateral cleft of the primary and secondary palates. Among the Indian babies, cleft of the secondary palate was most common. 18.8 percent of all the affected babies had positive family history of cleft. 10.9% of the mothers of affected babies had positive history of drug ingestion especially Chinese herbs during pregnancy. Associated congenital abnormalities occurred in 15.6% of the babies with cleft lip and/or palate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  7. Fulltext Tracheoesophageal fistula (TOF)-blind pouch intubation: a case report
    Arshad R
    Med J Malaysia, 1984 Jun;39(2):159-62.
    PMID: 6513857
    A case of Tracheoesophageal Fistula (TOF) was presented where the blind upper esophageal pouch was mistakenly intubated; in spite of this, adequate lung ventilation was possible for more than one hour. This was only noticed by the surgeon upon incision of the lower end of the pouch.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  8. Group B streptococci in a maternity unit
    Jamal F, Mohamed R, Zainal Z, Arshat H
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Jun;33(4):349-51.
    PMID: 574917
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/microbiology*
  9. Fulltext Vitamin B12 deficiency presenting as pancytopenia in pregnancy: a case report
    Idris N, Arsyad A
    Malays Fam Physician, 2012;7(2-3):46-50.
    PMID: 25606257 MyJurnal
    Vitamin B12 deficiency is a well-known cause of megaloblastic anaemia and pancytopenia. However, the incidence in pregnancy is rarely reported. We present a case of a 32-year old multigravid woman who was diagnosed with megaloblastic anaemia since 22 weeks gestation and progressed to develop severe pancytopenia at 30 weeks gestation. She was also diagnosed with vitamin B12 deficiency related to dietary and sociocultural habits. Folate and iron levels were normal throughout pregnancy. Treatment with parenteral cyano-cobalamin resulted in sustained improvement of haematological parameters. The pregnancy was carried to term and the baby was born weighing 2,050gm but otherwise well at birth and had normal developmental milestones thereafter. This case illustrates the clinical presentation of maternal vitamin B12 deficiency and demonstrates the importance of detecting and treating maternal vitamin B12 deficiency during pregnancy in at-risk patients. Failure to diagnose and institute treatment carries significant risks to both mother and child. Oral vitamin B12 supplementation should be considered for patients who are strict vegetarians or consume very little animal products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  10. Perinatal outcome amongst the Malays in an urban hospital
    Arumugam K
    Asia Pac J Public Health, 1992;6(1):32-4.
    PMID: 1304776 DOI: 10.1177/101053959200600109
    National data show that the perinatal mortality amongst the Malays is higher than that of the Chinese but less than that of the Indians. These figures include data from both urban and rural areas. In the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, however, the perinatal mortality amongst the Malays was found to be the lowest; an odds-ratio of 0.72 (95% confidence limits; 0.59-0.87; P < 0.0005) when compared to the non-Malays. This occurred despite a significantly higher parity amongst the Malays. The Malays in this group of patients however, had a significantly better social class distribution.
    Publication year: 1992-1993
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  11. Modification to reporting of qualitative fluorescent spot test results improves detection of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)-deficient heterozygote female newborns
    Nadarajan V, Shanmugam H, Sthaneshwar P, Jayaranee S, Sultan KS, Ang C, et al.
    Int J Lab Hematol, 2011 Oct;33(5):463-70.
    PMID: 21501392 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553X.2011.01309.x
    INTRODUCTION:
    The glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) fluorescent spot test (FST) is a useful screening test for G6PD deficiency, but is unable to detect heterozygote G6PD-deficient females. We sought to identify whether reporting intermediate fluorescence in addition to absent and bright fluorescence on FST would improve identification of mildly deficient female heterozygotes.

    METHODS:
    A total of 1266 cord blood samples (705 male, 561 female) were screened for G6PD deficiency using FST (in-house method) and a quantitative enzyme assay. Fluorescence intensity of the FST was graded as either absent, intermediate or normal. Samples identified as showing absent or intermediate fluorescence on FST were analysed for the presence of G6PD mutations using TaqMan@SNP genotyping assays and direct nucleotide sequencing.

    RESULTS:
    Of the 1266 samples, 87 samples were found to be intermediate or deficient by FST (49 deficient, 38 intermediate). Of the 49 deficient samples, 48 had G6PD enzyme activity of ≤ 9.5 U/g Hb and one sample had normal enzyme activity. All 38 intermediate samples were from females. Of these, 21 had G6PD activity of between 20% and 60%, and 17 samples showed normal G6PD activity. Twenty-seven of the 38 samples were available for mutation analysis of which 13 had normal G6PD activity. Eleven of the 13 samples with normal G6PD activity had identifiable G6PD mutations.

    CONCLUSION:
    Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase heterozygote females cannot be identified by FST if fluorescence is reported as absent or present. Distinguishing samples with intermediate fluorescence from absent and bright fluorescence improves detection of heterozygote females with mild G6PD deficiency. Mutational studies confirmed that 85% of intermediate samples with normal enzyme activity had identifiable G6PD mutations.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  12. Fulltext The frequency of pulmonary hypertension in newborn with intrauterine growth restriction
    Abbas G, Shah S, Hanif M, Shah A, Rehman AU, Tahir S, et al.
    Sci Rep, 2020 05 15;10(1):8064.
    PMID: 32415157 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65065-2
    Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a clinical definition applied to neonates born with clinical features of malnutrition and in-utero growth retardation irrespective of their birth weight percentile. This study was aimed to determine the frequency of pulmonary hypertension (PH) in neonates with IUGR. In this descriptive cross-sectional study, we followed 96 neonates with IUGR (≤28 days) and 38 neonates without IUGR born in the department of the neonatal intensive care unit children hospital complex Multan, Pakistan. We analyzed certain factors such as gender, gestational age (GA) (weeks), birth weight (BW in kg), weight percentile (WP) for GA, meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS), birth asphyxia (BA) and respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) for pulmonary hypertension (PH) in IUGR and non-IUGR group. GA was measured by the Ballard scoring system. Echocardiography was performed for all patients by the pediatric cardiologist to measure pulmonary arterial (PA) pressure using Bernoulli's equation. Out of total 96 IUGR neonates, 33.3% (n = 32) suffered from PH, of which 65.3% (n = 18) were male and 43.7% (n = 14) were female. The percentages of IUGR neonates with BA, MAS and RDS were 34.4%, 18.8% and 22.9% respectively. The data were analyzed using the SPSS-16 software to test the statistical significance of the results. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered significant. When the chi-square test was applied, it depicted that MAS was significantly associated with PH in IUGR neonates (p = 0.0001) compared to non-IUGR neonates. Our findings suggested an increased chance of PH in IUGR neonates and MAS may be a strong factor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  13. Infant feeding practices in Kenya, Mexico and Malaysia. The rarity of the exclusively breast-fed infant
    Dimond HJ, Ashworth A
    Hum Nutr Appl Nutr, 1987 Feb;41(1):51-64.
    PMID: 3558008
    Infant feeding practices of 6149 mothers in Kenya, Mexico and Malaysia are reported. A high proportion of mothers initiated breast-feeding in each country regardless of social class. Most Kenyan mothers continued to breast-feed for at least 12 months. In Mexico and Malaysia, however, breast-feeding was discontinued relatively early, especially among urban mothers. Early supplementation of breast-fed infants with milk and/or other food was a common practice in each of the three countries. Among breast-fed infants below 4 months of age, the percentages who were exclusively breast-fed in the urban elite, urban poor and rural groups respectively were 6, 14 and 21 per cent in Kenya, 8, 19 and 31 per cent in Mexico, and 11, 9 and 11 per cent in Malaysia. Supplementation of breast-fed infants in the first two months of life was more likely to be with infant formula than with any other milk or food. At three months of age, however, nonmilk foods were the most common supplements in all population groups with the exception of those in urban Kenya. The policy implications are discussed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  14. Fulltext Feeding practices of infants delivered in a district hospital during the implementation of Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative
    Chan SK, Asirvatham CV
    Med J Malaysia, 2001 Mar;56(1):71-6.
    PMID: 11503300
    A study on infant feeding practices was conducted during the implementation of the Baby Friendly Hospital Initiative (BFHI) in a district hospital. The aim was to identify which population subgroups had lower breastfeeding rates at 4 months and the effect of attendance of antenatal breastfeeding education on breastfeeding practices. All infants delivered in May 1996 were followed-up. 204 respondents were analyzed. This study demonstrated a higher exclusive and any breastfeeding rates at 4 months than some other studies. (48% and 76% respectively). It was found that the Malays were more likely to be breastfeeding exclusively at 4 months (72%) than the Indians (32%) and the Chinese (4%). (P < 0.01). There were more non-working mothers breastfeeding exclusively at 4 months than working mothers. (60% versus 26%) P < 0.01. Antenatal breastfeeding education in the form that was given appeared to improve breastfeeding rates at 4 months. Future efforts to promote breastfeeding should target the Chinese mothers and the working mothers.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  15. Fulltext Detection of sensorineural hearing loss using automated auditory brainstem-evoked response and transient-evoked otoacoustic emission in term neonates with severe hyperbilirubinaemia
    Boo NY, Rohani AJ, Asma A
    Singapore Med J, 2008 Mar;49(3):209-14.
    PMID: 18363002
    This study was designed to compare the sensitivity and specificity of detecting sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) using the transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (OAE) machine (the Madsen TE Echoscreen) and automated auditory brainstem response (AABR) machine (the Sabre Compac portable AABR) in term neonates exposed to severe hyperbilirubinaemia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  16. Congenital disorder of glycosylation type Ia in a Malaysian family: clinical outcome and description of a novel PMM2 mutation
    Thong MK, Fietz M, Nicholls C, Lee MH, Asma O
    J Inherit Metab Dis, 2009 Dec;32 Suppl 1:S41-4.
    PMID: 19165618 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-009-1031-1
    There are few reports of congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDGs) in the Asian population, although they have been reported worldwide. We identified a Malaysian infant female at 2 days of life with CDG type Ia. The diagnosis was suspected on the basis of inverted nipples and abnormal fat distribution. She had cerebellar hypoplasia and developed coagulopathy, hypothyroidism and severe pericardial effusion and died at 7 months of life. The diagnosis was supported by abnormal serum transferrin isoform pattern that showed elevated levels of the disialotransferrin isoform and trace levels of the asialotransferrin isoform. Enzyme testing of peripheral leukocytes showed decreased level of phosphomannomutase (PMM) activity (0.6 nmol/min per mg protein, normal range 1.6-6.2) and a normal level of phosphomannose isomerase activity (19 nmol/min per mg protein, normal range 12-25), indicating a diagnosis of CDG type Ia. Mutation study of the PMM2 gene showed the patient was heterozygous for both the common p.R141H (c.422T>A) mutation and a novel sequence change in exon 7, c.618C>A. The latter change is predicted to result in the replacement of the highly conserved phenylalanine residue at position 206 with a leucine residue (p.F206L) and occurs in the same codon as the previously reported p.F206S mutation. Analysis of 100 control chromosomes has shown that the p.F206L sequence change is not present, making it highly likely that this change is functionally important. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of CDG in the Malay population. Prenatal diagnosis was successfully performed in a subsequent pregnancy for this family.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  17. Fulltext Predictors of Male Involvement in Postnatal Care in Jambi, Indonesia: A Cross-Sectional Study
    Guspianto G, Ibnu IN, Veruswati M, Asyary A
    Ann Ig, 2023;35(2):149-158.
    PMID: 35603972 DOI: 10.7416/ai.2022.2529
    BACKGROUND: Postpartum care (postnatal care, or PNC) is crucial for the health of mothers and newborns. After child delivery, mothers and babies should have optimal access to the health care system to utilize the facilities and skilled health workers. The involvement of men has a positive impact on the use of PNC and plays an important role in reducing delays, especially in preventing maternal and newborn deaths.

    OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the level of the involvement of men in PNC and analyzed the factors that determined this involvement.

    METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted through a survey of 381 males who were selected by multistage random sampling in Muaro Jambi, Indonesia, from April to August 2020. The dependent variable was the involvement of men in PNC, which was constructed from four dichotomous indicators. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using SPSS 24.0 at a significance level of 0.05.

    RESULTS: Over 50% of respondents were highly involved in PNC, with the predicting factors being the number of children (OR = 2.195, 95% CI = 1.096-4.397), the quality of health service (OR = 6.072, 95% CI = 3.324-11.09), communication (OR = 6.908, 95% CI = 3.255-14.66), and culture (OR = 4.031, 95% CI = 2.196-7.399). The communication factor was the main predictor of male involvement in PNC in Muaro Jambi Regency.

    CONCLUSION: The involvement of men in PNC in Muaro Jambi Regency was related to the number of children, quality of health service, communication, and culture. Counseling "as a couple" is needed to improve the communication between husband and wife so that they can understand each other's needs in PNC.

    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  18. Fulltext Post-partum invasive group b Streptococcus infection with fatal outcome: a case report
    Siti Zulaikha Zakariah, Syafinaz Amin Nordin, Khairul Anuar Zainun, Asyraff Md Najib
    Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2018;14(3):57-59.
    MyJurnal
    Group B streptococcus (GBS) is generally known to cause severe disease in the neonate and immunocompromised adults. GBS in the pregnant mother is rare and can potentially be fatal. Clinical presentation can be as mild as an uncomplicated urinary tract infection or serious invasive disease in the form of bacteremia, chorioamnionitis, endometritis and septic abortion. We report a case of a 46-year-old Para 3 lady, post-partum day 12, whom was found dead at home. Prior to her death, she had intermittent fever and abnormal lochia. Autopsy findings indicate GBS endometritis and bacteraemia. She was never screened for GBS. The cost-effectiveness of universal GBS screening needs to be explored to reduce maternal and neonatal morbidity due to GBS.
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  19. Fulltext An outbreak of BCG related lymphadenitis in Malaysian infants
    Hooi LN, Athiyah SO
    Med J Malaysia, 1994 Dec;49(4):327-35.
    PMID: 7674967
    A study was done on 638 infants with BCG related lymphadenitis seen between August 1990 and December 1993. Most infants (86.5%) had developed symptoms by six months after vaccination and the nodes became suppurative in 317. Surgical procedures were carried out in 82 cases and the rest were managed conservatively. The mean duration to resolution was 6.6 months (range 1 to 29 months). This outbreak was related to a change from the Japan to the Pasteur strain of BCG. The incidence remained high ( > 15 per 1000 live births) despite a dose reduction from 0.1 ml to 0.05 ml, but declined when the Japan strain was reintroduced in April 1992.
    Study site: Chest Clinic, Hospital Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
  20. Fulltext Investment in pneumonia and pneumococcal research
    Head MG, Fitchett JR, Newell ML, Scott JAG, Clarke SC, Atun R
    Lancet Infect Dis, 2014 Nov;14(11):1037-1038.
    PMID: 25444398 DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70949-1
    Matched MeSH terms: Infant, Newborn
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