MyMedR

Fulltext Early Detection of Silent Hypoxia in Covid-19 Pneumonia Using Smartphone Pulse Oximetry

Teo J

J Med Syst, 2020 Jun 19;44(8):134.

PMID: 32562006 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-020-01587-6

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/complications*

Fulltext Use of low-molecular-weight heparin in COVID-19 patients

Kow CS, Hasan SS

J Vasc Surg Venous Lymphat Disord, 2020 09;8(5):900-901.

PMID: 32561464 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvsv.2020.06.006

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral*

Fulltext Role of biological Data Mining and Machine Learning Techniques in Detecting and Diagnosing the Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): A Systematic Review

Albahri AS, Hamid RA, Alwan JK, Al-Qays ZT, Zaidan AA, Zaidan BB, et al.

J Med Syst, 2020 May 25;44(7):122.

PMID: 32451808 DOI: 10.1007/s10916-020-01582-x

Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of viruses that are common in many animal species, including camels, cattle, cats and bats. Animal CoVs, such as Middle East respiratory syndrome-CoV, severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-CoV, and the new virus named SARS-CoV-2, rarely infect and spread among humans. On January 30, 2020, the International Health Regulations Emergency Committee of the World Health Organisation declared the outbreak of the resulting disease from this new CoV called 'COVID-19', as a 'public health emergency of international concern'. This global pandemic has affected almost the whole planet and caused the death of more than 315,131 patients as of the date of this article. In this context, publishers, journals and researchers are urged to research different domains and stop the spread of this deadly virus. The increasing interest in developing artificial intelligence (AI) applications has addressed several medical problems. However, such applications remain insufficient given the high potential threat posed by this virus to global public health. This systematic review addresses automated AI applications based on data mining and machine learning (ML) algorithms for detecting and diagnosing COVID-19. We aimed to obtain an overview of this critical virus, address the limitations of utilising data mining and ML algorithms, and provide the health sector with the benefits of this technique. We used five databases, namely, IEEE Xplore, Web of Science, PubMed, ScienceDirect and Scopus and performed three sequences of search queries between 2010 and 2020. Accurate exclusion criteria and selection strategy were applied to screen the obtained 1305 articles. Only eight articles were fully evaluated and included in this review, and this number only emphasised the insufficiency of research in this important area. After analysing all included studies, the results were distributed following the year of publication and the commonly used data mining and ML algorithms. The results found in all papers were discussed to find the gaps in all reviewed papers. Characteristics, such as motivations, challenges, limitations, recommendations, case studies, and features and classes used, were analysed in detail. This study reviewed the state-of-the-art techniques for CoV prediction algorithms based on data mining and ML assessment. The reliability and acceptability of extracted information and datasets from implemented technologies in the literature were considered. Findings showed that researchers must proceed with insights they gain, focus on identifying solutions for CoV problems, and introduce new improvements. The growing emphasis on data mining and ML techniques in medical fields can provide the right environment for change and improvement.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/diagnosis*

Fulltext Psychological impact of coronavirus outbreak on borderline personality disorder from the perspective of mentalizing model: A case report

Chong SC

Asian J Psychiatr, 2020 Aug;52:102130.

PMID: 32361209 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102130

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/psychology*

Fulltext How do Nigerian newspapers report COVID-19 pandemic? The implication for awareness and prevention

Apuke OD, Omar B

Health Educ Res, 2020 10 01;35(5):471-480.

PMID: 33090216 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyaa031

This study examined media coverage of COVID-19 in Nigeria with attention to the frequency and depth of coverage, story format, news sources, media tone and themes. Four widely read newspapers were content analysed between February 2020 and April 2020. Focus was on Daily Sun, Vanguard, Daily Trust and Leadership. Results indicated that the Nigerian media performed well in terms of covering the pandemic, which in turn created awareness. However, the coverage was not in-depth as most of the reported stories were short and were predominantly straight news. It was also observed that the media cited more of the Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) and government officials. Further findings disclosed that most of the stories were alarming and induced panic. Most common topics were coverage of cases in Nigeria, death rates and concerns about Nigeria's preparedness. Public sensitization and education were sparingly covered. Ethics healthcare workers could adhere to received minimal attention. The media should focus more on sensitizing and educating the public on the necessary steps to take in curbing the virus. They should refrain from over usage of alarming and panic tone in presenting the stories of COVID-19 pandemic in Nigeria.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/prevention & control*

Fulltext Effects of temperature, humidity, air quality and anthropic activities on the transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review protocol

Jeevananthan C, Muhamad NA, Jaafar MH, Hod R, Ab Ghani RM, Md Isa Z, et al.

BMJ Open, 2020 11 04;10(11):e039623.

PMID: 33148753 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039623

INTRODUCTION: The current global pandemic of the virus that emerged from Hubei province in China has caused coronavirus disease in 2019 (COVID-19), which has affected a total number of 900 036 people globally, involving 206 countries and resulted in a cumulative of 45 693 deaths worldwide as of 3 April 2020. The mode of transmission is identified through airdrops from patients' body fluids such as during sneezing, coughing and talking. However, the relative importance of environmental effects in the transmission of the virus has not been vastly studied. In addition, the role of temperature and humidity in air-borne transmission of infection is presently still unclear. This study aims to identify the effect of temperature, humidity and air quality in the transmission of SARS-CoV-2.

METHODS AND ANALYSIS: We will systematically conduct a comprehensive literature search using various databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, CENTRAL and Google Scholar to identify potential studies. The search will be performed for any eligible articles from the earliest published articles up to latest available studies in 2020. We will include all the observational studies such as cohort case-control and cross-sectional studies that explains or measures the effects of temperature and/or humidity and/or air quality and/or anthropic activities that is associated with SARS-CoV-2. Study selection and reporting will follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and Meta-Analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology guideline. All data will be extracted using a standardised data extraction form and quality of the studies will be assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale guideline. Descriptive and meta-analysis will be performed using a random effect model in Review Manager File.

ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: No primary data will be collected, and thus no formal ethical approval is required. The results will be disseminated through a peer-reviewed publication and conference presentation.

PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42020176756.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/transmission*

Fulltext Asymmetric link between environmental pollution and COVID-19 in the top ten affected states of US: A novel estimations from quantile-on-quantile approach

Razzaq A, Sharif A, Aziz N, Irfan M, Jermsittiparsert K

Environ Res, 2020 Dec;191:110189.

PMID: 32919963 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110189

This study draws the link between COVID-19 and air pollution (ground ozone O3) from February 29, 2020 to July 10, 2020 in the top 10 affected States of the US. Utilizing quantile-on-quantile (QQ) estimation technique, we examine in what manner the quantiles of COVID-19 affect the quantiles of air pollution and vice versa. The primary findings confirm overall dependence between COVID-19 and air pollution. Empirical results exhibit a strong negative effect of COVID-19 on air pollution in New York, Texas, Illinois, Massachusetts, and Pennsylvania; especially at medium to higher quantiles, while New Jersey, Illinois, Arizona, and Georgia show strong negative effect mainly at lower quantiles. Contrarily, COVID-19 positively affects air pollution in Pennsylvania at extreme lower quantiles. On the other side, air pollution predominantly caused to increase in the intensity of COVID-19 cases across all states except lower quantiles of Massachusetts, and extreme higher quantiles of Arizona and New Jersey, where this effect becomes less pronounced or negative. Concludingly, a rare positive fallout of COVID-19 is reducing environmental pressure, while higher environmental pollution causes to increase the vulnerability of COVID-19 cases. These findings imply that air pollution is at the heart of chronic diseases, therefore the state government should consider these asymmetric channels and introduce appropriate policy measures to reset and control atmospheric emissions.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral*

Fulltext COVID-19 and the environment: A critical review and research agenda

Shakil MH, Munim ZH, Tasnia M, Sarowar S

Sci Total Environ, 2020 Nov 25;745:141022.

PMID: 32711074 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141022

The current Coronavirus infection (COVID-19) outbreak has had a substantial impact on many aspects of general life. Although a number of studies have been published on the topic already, there has not been a critical review of studies on the impacts of COVID-19 by and on environmental factors. The current study fills this gap by presenting a critical analysis of 57 studies on the nexus between COVID-19 and the environment, published in nine journals up to May 2020. Majority of the studies in our sample are published in Science of the Total Environment (74%), and studies used mostly descriptive statistics and regression as research methods. We identified four underlying research clusters based on a systematic content analysis of the studies. The clusters are: (1) COVID-19 and environmental degradation, (2) COVID-19 and air pollution, (3) COVID-19 and climate/metrological factors and (4) COVID-19 and temperature. Besides a critical analysis of the studies in each cluster, we propose research questions to guide future research on the relationship between COVID-19 and the environment.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral*

Fulltext Experience of short-term hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in COVID-19 patients and effect on QTc trend

Hor CP, Hussin N, Nalliah S, Ooi WT, Tang XY, Zachariah S, et al.

J Infect, 2020 08;81(2):e117-e119.

PMID: 32474031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinf.2020.05.058

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology*

Triage of urology referrals and outpatient service during COVID-19 pandemic: experience from a single centre in Malaysia

Ong LK, Sivaneswaran L, Mohd Najib A, Devindran M, Say BL, Rohan MJ

Med J Malaysia, 2020 07;75(4):400-402.

PMID: 32724002

In Malaysia, COVID-19 pandemic recorded considerable number of cases. Many hospitals have been converted into COVID-19 centres to manage these cases. The Penang General Hospital was designated as a hybrid hospital to manage both COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 cases. Consequently, services across specialties, including urology have been affected. Triage of referrals was necessary to ensure optimum patient care, thus we designed a triage system to address this situation. A record screening system of patients was also implemented to limit outpatient appointments. We share this early experience in managing urology patients during this pandemic.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology*

Fulltext COVID-19 Lethality in Sub-Saharan Africa and Helminth Immune Modulation

Fonte L, Acosta A, Sarmiento ME, Ginori M, García G, Norazmi MN

Front Immunol, 2020;11:574910.

PMID: 33117371 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.574910

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral*

COVID-19: Critical Role of Angiotensin 1-7 in ACE2 Modulation

Tan CS, Yeoh SF, Long CM

Ann Acad Med Singap, 2020 06;49(6):398-400.

PMID: 32712639

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/virology*

Fulltext Air quality changes during the COVID-19 lockdown over the Yangtze River Delta Region: An insight into the impact of human activity pattern changes on air pollution variation

Li L, Li Q, Huang L, Wang Q, Zhu A, Xu J, et al.

Sci Total Environ, 2020 Aug 25;732:139282.

PMID: 32413621 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139282

The outbreak of COVID-19 has spreaded rapidly across the world. To control the rapid dispersion of the virus, China has imposed national lockdown policies to practise social distancing. This has led to reduced human activities and hence primary air pollutant emissions, which caused improvement of air quality as a side-product. To investigate the air quality changes during the COVID-19 lockdown over the YRD Region, we apply the WRF-CAMx modelling system together with monitoring data to investigate the impact of human activity pattern changes on air quality. Results show that human activities were lowered significantly during the period: industrial operations, VKT, constructions in operation, etc. were significantly reduced, leading to lowered SO2, NOx, PM2.5 and VOCs emissions by approximately 16-26%, 29-47%, 27-46% and 37-57% during the Level I and Level II response periods respectively. These emission reduction has played a significant role in the improvement of air quality. Concentrations of PM2.5, NO2 and SO2 decreased by 31.8%, 45.1% and 20.4% during the Level I period; and 33.2%, 27.2% and 7.6% during the Level II period compared with 2019. However, ozone did not show any reduction and increased greatly. Our results also show that even during the lockdown, with primary emissions reduction of 15%-61%, the daily average PM2.5 concentrations range between 15 and 79 μg m-3, which shows that background and residual pollutions are still high. Source apportionment results indicate that the residual pollution of PM2.5 comes from industry (32.2-61.1%), mobile (3.9-8.1%), dust (2.6-7.7%), residential sources (2.1-28.5%) in YRD and 14.0-28.6% contribution from long-range transport coming from northern China. This indicates that in spite of the extreme reductions in primary emissions, it cannot fully tackle the current air pollution. Re-organisation of the energy and industrial strategy together with trans-regional joint-control for a full long-term air pollution plan need to be further taken into account.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral*

Two more coronaviruses may infect people

King A

Science, 2021 05 28;372(6545):893.

PMID: 34045334 DOI: 10.1126/science.372.6545.893

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/virology

Fulltext The crucial role of molecular testing to facilitate the diagnosis of pneumocystis pneumonia during pregnancy

Ding CH, Yusoff H, Muttaqillah NAS, Tang YL, Tan TL, Periyasamy P, et al.

Malays J Pathol, 2018 Apr;40(1):69-72.

PMID: 29704387 MyJurnal

Pneumocystis pneumonia is an important human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated opportunistic infection, and especially so in pregnant HIV-positive patients. We report a case of a 40-year-old woman in her first trimester of pregnancy who initially presented with acute gastroenteritis symptoms but due to a history of high-risk behaviour and the observation of oral thrush, she was worked up for HIV infection. Her retroviral status was positive and her CD4+ T cell count was only 8 cells/µL. She was also worked up for pneumocystis pneumonia due to the presence of mild resting tachypnoea and a notable drop in oxygen saturation (from 100% to 88%) following brief ambulation. Her chest radiograph revealed bilaterally symmetrical lower zone reticular opacities and Giemsa staining of her bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was negative for Pneumocystis jirovecii cysts. However, real-time P. jirovecii polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing on the same BAL specimen revealed the presence of the organism. A course of oral co-trimoxazole plus prednisolone was commenced and her clinical condition improved.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Pneumocystis/immunology*

Fulltext Economic impacts of Wuhan 2019-nCoV on China and the world

Ayittey FK, Ayittey MK, Chiwero NB, Kamasah JS, Dzuvor C

J Med Virol, 2020 05;92(5):473-475.

PMID: 32048740 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.25706

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/economics*

Fulltext A single mass gathering resulted in massive transmission of COVID-19 infections in Malaysia with further international spread

Che Mat NF, Edinur HA, Abdul Razab MKA, Safuan S

J Travel Med, 2020 05 18;27(3).

PMID: 32307549 DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taaa059

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral/epidemiology*

Preserve Global South's research capacity

Reidpath D, Allotey P, 166 signatories

Science, 2020 May 15;368(6492):725.

PMID: 32409468 DOI: 10.1126/science.abc2677

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral*

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Pharmacy Education in Malaysia and Indonesia

Efendie B, Abdullah I, Yusuf E

Sr Care Pharm, 2020 Nov 01;35(11):484-486.

PMID: 33121570 DOI: 10.4140/TCP.n.2020.484

The pandemic has affected all walks of life and businesses, including education at all levels. Movement controls have forced the schools and universities to migrate the teaching and learning to be fully online. Some universities in large cities in Malyasia had already implemented blended learning and thus, were better prepared to adjust to the current situation. However, the universities, which practiced mainly traditional didactic courses, were struggling to suddenly change the mode of delivery. Many relied on the creativity of the lecturers and students.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia, Viral*

Fulltext Pleural effusions: role of commonly available investigations

How SH, Chin SP, Zal AR, Liam CK

Singapore Med J, 2006 Jul;47(7):609-13.

PMID: 16810434

Previous studies have reported high rates of undetermined causes of pleural effusions. We aimed to find out the proportion of pleural effusions in which the aetiology is uncertain despite commonly available investigations.

Matched MeSH terms: Pneumonia/complications

Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 469 in total