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  1. Fulltext MJMS at the Dawn of Its Electronic Era
    Dewiputri WI, Mohamad I
    Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Jan;18(1):1-5.
    PMID: 22135566 MyJurnal
    This special editorial assessed the recent developments in Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences (MJMS) and examined the characteristics of the submission, peer review, and publication processes for MJMS. This retrospective analysis used information about the manuscripts submitted to MJMS during the one-year period (from 1 June 2010 to 31 May 2010) since the start of current online submission and review system (ScholarOne(™) Manuscripts, Thomson Reuters). In addition, we also discussed the future directions of MJMS. Finally, we would like to recommend an annual internal audit for MJMS, which is very useful to monitor the growth of this journal progressively.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  2. Fulltext Factors associated with the outcome of open tibial fractures
    Yusof NM, Khalid KA, Zulkifly AH, Zakaria Z, Amin MA, Awang MS, et al.
    Malays J Med Sci, 2013 Oct;20(5):47-53.
    PMID: 24643115 MyJurnal
    Although open tibial fractures are common in Malaysia, the outcomes for these patients have not been evaluated in the literature. This retrospective study was conducted to examine the factors associated with infection and non-union in open tibial fractures managed at Hospital Tengku Ampuan Afzan (HTAA), Kuantan, in 2009.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  3. Fulltext Study on return to work following surgery on patients with thoracolumbar fracture
    Saravanan S, Zairul Anuar KB, Zulkefli A, Ramanathan R
    Med J Malaysia, 2014 Oct;69(5):216-8.
    PMID: 25638234 MyJurnal
    OBJECTIVE: The aim is to find rate of return to work of surgically treated thoracolumbar fracture patients and to know if back pain, compensation issues or neurological status influence this rate.

    METHODOLOGY: A retrospective cohort study analysing the patients with thoracolumbar fractures treated surgically from January 2008 till December 2009.

    RESULTS: Neurological status is the main factor deciding return to work in this group. Back pain and compensation related issues were not statistically significant in influencing return to work. 74% of patients in this group return to work.

    CONCLUSION: Return to work among the patients with thoracolumbar fracture, treated surgically, is mainly dependent on neurological status and not the compensation related issues or back pain.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  4. Fulltext Low vision rehabilitation and ocular problems among industrial workers in a developing country
    Omar R, Knight VF, Aziz Mohammed MA
    Malays Fam Physician, 2014;9(3):27-33.
    PMID: 26425302 MyJurnal
    Work-related ocular injuries and illnesses were among the major causes of job absenteeism. This study was conducted to determine if low vision rehabilitation was provided following work-related ocular problems among industrial workers in a developing country. This was a retrospective analysis of case records.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  5. Fulltext Outcome of canal wall down mastoidectomy: experience in sixty three cases
    Asma A, Shaharudin MH, Muhd Almyzan A, Lokman S
    Med J Malaysia, 2013 Jun;68(3):217-21.
    PMID: 23749009 MyJurnal
    A canal wall down mastoidectomy (CWDM) is an effective technique for eradication of advanced chronic otitis media or cholesteatomas. A retrospective study was conducted at a Malaysian Tertiary Medical Center between June 1996 to December 2003 to evaluate the outcome of Modified Radical Mastoidectomy(MRM), a form of CWDM for patients with chronic active otitis media (OM) with cholesteatoma, chronic mastoiditis or chronic active OM with cholesteatoma and mastoiditis. All new cases of MRM which fulfilled the selection criteria were reviewed. The main outcome measures were the hearing outcome and status of dry ear postoperatively. A total of 84 patients had undergone CWDM. However only 63 patients (26 male, 37 female) were included for analysis. The age of the patients ranged between 5 months to 72 years (mean, 31years). The majority of the patients (86%) were adults and 9 (14%) were children. The ossicular chain was eroded in 91% (57 cases). There were 33 patients (53%) who showed no improvement of Air Bone Gap (ABG) closure while 16 patients (25%) had a post-operative improvement. The presence or absence of stapes suprastructure was found to be the major factor in determining the amount of ABG (Chi squared test, P = 0.025 preoperatively and P = 0.031 postoperatively). A dry ear was achieved in 78% of patients with 3% recurrence rate. In conclusion, the study showed that a proper MRM gave high percentage of dry ear and this procedure did not worsen the hearing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  6. Fulltext An audit of sputum smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis cases in Kinta district, Perak, in 2011
    Subashini A, Lau KM, Habibur Rahman ZA
    Malays Fam Physician, 2012;7(2-3):31-4.
    PMID: 25606253 MyJurnal
    58 cases of sputum smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) were reported to Kinta Health Department between January and June 2011. It was found that 47 cases (81%) were sputum smear negative cases. Six cases (10.3%) were actually sputum smear positive but were wrongly reported as smear negative. Five cases (8.6%) were misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. Majority of these patients (82.7%) sought consultation and treatment after two weeks of having cough. Only 6.9% sought treatment for cough that was less than two weeks old. Accurate diagnosis of PTB is crucial and the Perak State Health Department needs to quickly adopt steps to improve the situation.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  7. Roles of ethnicity in survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients in malaysia
    Azmawati M, Krisnan R
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2012;13(12):6023-6.
    PMID: 23464397
    The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in Malaysia for the year 2001 was 2.8 per 100,000 people. The mortality rate is increasing. A retrospective cohort study measuring the survival of HCC patients who received treatment in Selayang Hospital was conducted from 1 January 2003 to 31 December 2006. The main objectives of the study were to measure the survival of the patients and to understand the influencing factors, especially ethnicity. The subjects were newly diagnosed cases of HCC by CT scan and histopathological assessment who underwent futher investigations and treatments in Hospital Selayang (inception cohort). The survival time was measured from the date of diagnosis until the subjects died, or failed to follow-up at the end of the study period (31 December 2007). A total of 299 patients were selected with 95 patients dying, the majority among Chinese (39.1%). Subgroup analysis according to ethnicity proved significantly that Chinese patients who had smaller tumor, less number of nodules, low AFP level, Child Pugh Class A and received surgical treatment had a better median survival rate compared to other ethnic groups. Malay (cHR: 1.3, 95%CI; 0.89-1.85) and Indian (cHR: 1.3, 95%CI; 0.74-2.26) patients had a poor survival compared to Chinese patients, but not in the final model. Therefore ethnicity may play a role in survival of HCC patients, but not as a main hazard prognostic factor.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  8. Fulltext Paraneoplastic dermatomyositis: a 12-year retrospective review in the Department of Dermatology Hospital Kuala Lumpur
    Tang MM, Thevarajah S
    Med J Malaysia, 2010 Jun;65(2):138-42.
    PMID: 23756799 MyJurnal
    Adult-onset dermatomyositis has been found to be associated with underlying malignancies in up to 40% of patients. The aims of this study were to determine the demographic profile, the underlying cancer and outcome in patients with dermatomyositis. This was a retrospective review of 38 patients with dermatomyositis seen over a 12-year period in the Department of Dermatology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital. Of these, 18 (47.4%) had an associated underlying malignancy. The male to female ratio was 2:1. Ten patients (55.6%) were Chinese. The youngest patient encountered was 32 years old. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (61.1%) was the most common malignancy in our study population. Tumour markers were not useful as the initial screening for malignancies. Thorough screening for malignancy is imperative in adult dermatomyositis especially those above 40 years old.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  9. Fulltext Clinical characteristics of gout: a hospital case series
    Mohd A, Das Gupta E, Loh YL, Gandhi C, D'Souza B, Gun SC
    Malays Fam Physician, 2011;6(2-3):72-3.
    PMID: 25606228 MyJurnal
    INTRODUCTION: Gout is an increasingly common medical problem. The traditional risk factors of male sex and high red meat or alcohol consumption have been joined with newer risks such as increased life expectancy, and the metabolic syndrome (hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidaemia, truncal obesity).
    METHODS: This was a retrospective study to determine the epidemiology, clinical features, associated conditions as well as renal related conditions in existing gout patients followed-up in Rheumatology outpatient clinic, Hospital Tuanku Ja'afar, Seremban.
    RESULTS: Over a three month period, we identified 54 gouty patients on our follow-up, the majority being male, Malay ethnicity, with the age of onset in the third and fourth decades of life. Commonly associated risk factors were hypertension, hyperlipidaemia and obesity. However, underlying history of diabetes mellitus, alcohol consumption, and family history were not commonly associated with gout in our group of patients. Half of our patients had at least two or more joints involvement. About half of the patients with tophaceous gout had renal impairment.
    CONCLUSION: Our series of gout patients highlight the high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors. The high prevalence of tophi and renal impairment is a cause for concern.
    Study site: Rheumatology outpatient clinic, Hospital Tuanku Jaafar, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  10. Fulltext Undergraduate medical education research in Malaysia: time for a change
    Salam A, Hamzah JC, Chin TG, Siraj HH, Idrus R, Mohamad N, et al.
    Pak J Med Sci, 2015;31(3):499-503.
    PMID: 26150832 DOI: 10.12669/pjms.313.7389
    OBJECTIVE: Special Study Module (SSM) is a mandatory research module implemented in Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM). The objective of this paper is to provide a brief overview on the student research activities and to find out the outcome measures in terms of publication.
    METHODS: It was a retrospective study done on SSM research projects at UKM. The SSM research is conducted from beginning of year-4 until 1(st) seven weeks of year-5. In year-4, students are assigned to a faculty-supervisor in small groups and spend every Thursday afternoon to plan and carry the research. Whole first seven weeks of year-5, students are placed with their supervisor continuously to collect data, do analysis, write report and present in the scientific conference. Outcomes of 5-years SSM research-projects starting from 2008/2009 to 2012/2013 academic session were analyzed.
    RESULTS: Total 257 projects were completed and presented in annual scientific meetings from which 57 (22.2%) articles were published in peer reviewed journals.
    CONCLUSION: Mandatory undergraduate student research project brings an opportunity to develop students' capacity building from conception to final report writing and thereby narrowing the gap between education and practice. Medical schools should implement research module to bring changes in research and publication culture of undergraduate medical education.
    KEYWORDS: Malaysia; Medical education; Publication; Research; Undergraduate
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  11. Fulltext Ocular toxoplasmosis in Malaysia
    Lim VKE, Tan PL
    Med J Malaysia, 1983 Sep;38(3):185-7.
    PMID: 6672558
    31 cases of ocular toxoplasmosis were seen at the Ophthalmology Clinic, Uniuersiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur during a one-and-a-half year period. All these cases were diagnosed as congenital ocular toxoplasmosis. As this condition appears not to be uncommon in. Malaysia, greater effort should be made towards its prevention especially among pregnant women.

    Study site: Ophthalmology Clinic, Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM)
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  12. Fulltext Multiple myeloma in the University Hospital: a retrospective study of biodata, clinical, laboratory and radiological profiles, 1980-1987
    Wong KT, Ng SC, Kuperan P, Yap SF, Menaka N, Bosco J
    Med J Malaysia, 1990 Jun;45(2):136-43.
    PMID: 2152018
    A retrospective study of 37 cases of multiple myeloma admitted from 1980 to 1987 to the University Hospital Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, was carried out to analyse the biodata, clinical presentation, laboratory and radiological profiles. The cases were selected after they had satisfied preset diagnostic criteria. The mean age was 60 years. There was no sex or ethnic preponderance. The most common symptom was bone pain. Pallor was detected in 73% of the patients. Haemoglobin was less than 120 g/L in 95%, and ESR was greater than 100 mm/hr in 70% of cases. Bone marrow and trephine biopsies were diagnostically important. Hypercalcaemia occurred in seven cases out of which three were IgA myelomas. Either serum creatinine or blood urea was raised in nearly 50% of cases. The most common heavy chain paraprotein was IgG while Kappa light chain was the commoner light chain type. 86% of cases had osteolytic lesions. These findings are, in general, similar to those of larger studies on multiple myeloma.

    Study site: University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC)
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  13. Factors associated with sexual dysfunction among schizophrenia men with nicotine dependency and non-smoking schizophrenia men
    Ong KY, Muhd Ramli ER, Che Ismail H
    Mental Health and Substance Use: Dual Diagnosis, 2014;7:370-80.
    DOI: 10.1080/17523281.2014.940370
    Cigarette-smoking in schizophrenia and its associations with sexual functioning have been relatively under-examined. The study purpose was to determine the factors associated with sexual dysfunction among schizophrenia men with nicotine dependency and those non-smokers. A retrospective study was conducted in a local hospital in Malaysia over a two-year period from 2011 to 2012. There were 54 schizophrenia men with nicotine dependency and 57 non-smokers. Sexual functioning was assessed using the Malay version of the International Index of Erectile Function-15. Logistic regression analysis was employed. All the 111 schizophrenia men had at least one sexual dysfunction domain. For the group with nicotine dependency, Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)-positive was positively associated with the ability to achieve orgasm and ejaculation. However, age of schizophrenia onset was negatively associated with the confidence to attain and keep an erection. For the non-smoker group, married status and duration of schizophrenia were positively associated with the ability to attain erection and overall sex life satisfaction, respectively, while age of schizophrenia onset was negatively associated with the ability to attain erection and erectile sustainability during intercourse. Among the domains, only orgasmic dysfunction was significantly associated with PANSS-positive, i.e. higher PANSS-positive score was a protective factor for orgasmic dysfunction (odds ratio = 0.37; 95% confidence interval: 0.17, 0.80; p =.012). Schizophrenia men may apparently attempt to treat their orgasmic impairment due to effect from antipsychotics through smoking cigarettes. Sexual impairment among the non-smokers may be attributed mostly to relationship issues with their partner. © 2014 Taylor & Francis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  14. Fulltext Epidemiology and clinical features of adult patients with psoriasis in Malaysia: 10-year review from the Malaysian Psoriasis Registry (2007-2016)
    Mohd Affandi A, Khan I, Ngah Saaya N
    Dermatol Res Pract, 2018;2018:4371471.
    PMID: 29849578 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4371471
    Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease affecting 2-3% of the general population.
    Aim: To evaluate the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of patients with psoriasis who seek treatment in outpatient dermatology clinics throughout hospitals in Malaysia.
    Materials and Methods: Data were obtained from the Malaysian Psoriasis Registry (MPR). All patients (aged 18 and above) who were notified to the registry from July 2017 to December 2017 were included in this study.
    Results: Among 15,794 patients, Malays were the most common (50.4%), followed by Chinese (21.4%), Indian (17.6%), and others (10.6%). The mean age onset of psoriasis for our study population was 35.14 ± 16.16 years. Male to female ratio was 1.3 : 1. 23.1% of patients had positive family history of psoriasis. The most common clinical presentation was chronic plaque psoriasis (85.1%), followed by guttate psoriasis (2.9%), erythrodermic psoriasis (1.7%), and pustular psoriasis (1.0%). Majority of our patients (76.6%) had a mild disease with BSA < 10%. 57.1% of patients had nail involvement, while arthropathy was seen in 13.7% of patients. Common triggers of the disease include stress (48.3%), sunlight (24.9%), and infection (9.1%). Comorbidities observed include obesity (24.3%), hypertension (25.6%), hyperlipidemia (18%), diabetes mellitus (17.2%), ischaemic heart disease (5.4%), and cerebrovascular disease (1.6%). The mean DLQI (Dermatology Life Quality Index) was 8.5 ± 6.6. One-third (33.1%) of the patients had a DLQI score of more than 10, while 14.2% of patients reported no effect at all.
    Conclusion: Our study on the epidemiological data of adult patients with psoriasis in Malaysia showed a similar clinical profile and outcome when compared to international published studies on the epidemiology of psoriasis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  15. Fulltext Sarcopenia is a useful risk stratification tool to prognosticate splenic abscess patients in the emergency department
    Hung SK, Kou HW, Hsu KH, Wu CT, Lee CW, Leonard Goh ZN, et al.
    J Formos Med Assoc, 2021 Mar;120(3):997-1004.
    PMID: 32917483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2020.08.039
    BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Splenic abscess is a life-threatening surgical emergency which requires early diagnosis and intervention to maximize patient outcomes. This can be achieved through accurate risk stratification in the emergency department (ED). Sarcopenia refers to an age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass and strength that is accompanied by major physiologic and clinical ramifications, and often signifies decreased physiologic reserves. It is associated with poor clinical outcomes in sepsis, acute respiratory failure, oncological surgery, and liver transplantation. This study evaluates the utility of sarcopenia as a radiological stratification tool to predict in-hospital mortality of splenic abscess patients in the ED. This will assist emergency physicians, internists and surgeons in rapid risk stratification, assessing treatment options, and communicating with family members.

    METHODS: 99 adult patients at four training and research hospitals who had undergone an abdominal contrast computed tomography scan in the ED with the final diagnosis of splenic abscess from January 2004 to November 2017 were recruited. Evaluation for sarcopenia was performed via calculating the psoas cross-sectional area at the level of the third lumbar vertebra and normalising for height, before checking it against pre-defined values. Univariate analyses were used to evaluate the differences between survivors and non-survivors. Sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of the presence of sarcopenia in predicting in-hospital mortality were calculated. Kaplan-Meier methods, log-rank test, and Cox proportional hazards model were also performed to examine survival between groups with sarcopenia versus non-sarcopenia.

    RESULTS: Splenic abscess patients with sarcopenia were 7.56 times more at risk of in-hospital mortality than those without sarcopenia (multivariate-adjusted HR: 7.56; 95% CI: 1.55-36.93). Presence of sarcopenia was found to have 84.62% sensitivity and 96.49% negative predictive value in predicting mortality.

    CONCLUSION: Sarcopenia is associated with poor prognoses of in-hospital mortality in patients with splenic abscess presenting to the ED. We recommend its use in the ED to rapidly risk stratify and predict outcome to guide treatment strategies.

    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  16. Fulltext Sonographic measurement of the thickness of subcutaneous tissue and hepatic echo-intensity attenuation rate in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
    Abdul Sattar Arif Khammas, Hasyma Abu Hassan
    Borneo Journal of Medical Sciences, 2020;14(1):29-38.
    MyJurnal
    The most common cause of the chronic liver disease is non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study was designed to compare a mean subcutaneous tissue thickness (SCTT) and hepatic echo-intensity attenuation rate (HEIAR) among NAFLD grades. Sonography was carried out on 628 consecutive subjects. The distance between the skin surface and the liver capsule was measured and was labelled the SCTT. Also, the ultrasound of HEIAR was retrospectively quantified on an image archiving. HEIAR was calculated as the difference between mean intensity of echo for two regions of interest (ROIs) in near- and far-fields divided by the distance between these two ROIs multiply by frequency of the probe. Of the 628, 235 subjects were diagnosed with NAFLD. The age range was 45 – 75 years with mean 54.5 ± 6.7 years. There was a significant difference of mean SCTT among NAFLD grades (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  17. Can Giant Cell Tumor of the Bone Occur in the Skeletally Immature?
    Haseeb A, Singh VA, Jayalakshmi P
    J Am Podiatr Med Assoc, 2020 Mar 01;110(2).
    PMID: 32556225 DOI: 10.7547/19-030
    Giant cell tumor (GCT) of the bone is a benign, locally aggressive neoplasm that has a high tendency for local recurrence. It usually has a higher incidence in the third decade of life. This is a retrospective review of a case with histologic confirmation of GCT in a skeletally immature patient involving the metatarsal bone, which is a rare site. At our institution, 1.3% of skeletally immature patients had GCT of the bone. From an extensive literature review, only four cases of GCT of the metatarsal bone in the skeletally immature were identified. Giant cell tumor in a skeletally immature patient can be confused for an aneurysmal bone cyst because of similar radiologic findings. Giant cell tumor of the bone can occur in an immature skeleton and should be sought out as a differential diagnosis despite being rare.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  18. Fulltext Spatial Variation of Survival for Colorectal Cancer in Malaysia
    Ghazali AK, Keegan T, Taylor BM
    Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2021 01 25;18(3).
    PMID: 33503972 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18031052
    A patient's survival may depend on several known and unknown factors and it may also vary spatially across a region. Socioeconomic status, accessibility to healthcare and other environmental factors are likely to contribute to survival rates. The aim of the study was to model the spatial variation in survival for colorectal cancer patients in Malaysia, accounting for individual and socioeconomic risk factors. We conducted a retrospective study of 4412 colorectal cancer (ICD-10, C18-C20) patients diagnosed from 2008 to 2013 to model survival in CRC patients. We used the data recorded in the database of the Malaysian National Cancer Patient Registry-Colorectal Cancer (NCPR-CRC). Spatial location was assigned based on the patients' central district location, which involves 144 administrative districts of Malaysia. We fitted a parametric proportional hazards model in which the spatially correlated frailties were modelled by a log-Gaussian stochastic process to analyse the spatially referenced survival data, which is also known as a spatial survival model. After controlling for individual and area level characteristics, our findings indicate wide spatial variation in colorectal cancer survival across Malaysia. Better healthcare provision and higher socioeconomic index in the districts where patients live decreased the risk of death from colorectal cancer, but these associations were not statistically significant. Reliable measurement of environmental factors is needed to provide good insight into the effects of potential risk factors for the disease. For example, a better metric is needed to measure socioeconomic status and accessibility to healthcare in the country. The findings provide new information that might be of use to the Ministry of Health in identifying populations with an increased risk of poor survival, and for planning and providing cancer control services.
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  19. Fulltext Comparative safety and effectiveness of dabigatran vs. rivaroxaban and apixaban in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a retrospective study from a large healthcare system
    Villines TC, Ahmad A, Petrini M, Tang W, Evans A, Rush T, et al.
    Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Pharmacother, 2019 Apr 01;5(2):80-90.
    PMID: 30500885 DOI: 10.1093/ehjcvp/pvy044
    AIMS: We used the US Department of Defense Military Health System database to compare the safety and effectiveness of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) initiating dabigatran vs. rivaroxaban or apixaban.
    METHODS AND RESULTS: Two cohorts of adults with NVAF, newly initiated on standard-dose DOAC, were identified based on clinical approval dates: July 2011-June 2016 for dabigatran (150 mg b.i.d.) or rivaroxaban (20 mg QD) and January 2013-June 2016 for dabigatran (150 mg b.i.d.) or apixaban (5 mg b.i.d.). Propensity score matching (1:1) identified two well-balanced cohorts (dabigatran vs. rivaroxaban n = 12 763 per treatment group; dabigatran vs. apixaban n = 4802 per treatment group). In both cohorts, baseline characteristics and follow-up duration were similar between treatment groups. Patients newly initiating dabigatran had significantly lower risk of major bleeding vs. rivaroxaban [2.08% vs. 2.53%; hazard ratio (HR) 0.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.70-0.97; P = 0.018], while stroke risk was similar (0.60% vs. 0.78%; HR 0.77, 95% CI 0.57-1.04; P = 0.084). The dabigatran vs. apixaban cohort analysis found no differences in risk of major bleeding (1.60% vs. 1.21%; HR 1.37, 95% CI 0.97-1.94; P = 0.070) or stroke (0.44% vs. 0.35%; HR 1.26, 95% CI 0.66-2.39; P = 0.489).
    CONCLUSION: Among NVAF patients newly initiated on standard-dose DOAC therapy in this study, dabigatran was associated with significantly lower major bleeding risk vs. rivaroxaban, and no significant difference in stroke risk. For dabigatran vs. apixaban, the reduced sample size limited the ability to draw definitive conclusions.
    Study site: Department of Defense (DoD) Military Health System, United States
    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
  20. Prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea in an Asian bariatric population: an underdiagnosed dilemma
    Loo GH, Rajan R, Mohd Tamil A, Ritza Kosai N
    Surg Obes Relat Dis, 2020 Jun;16(6):778-783.
    PMID: 32199766 DOI: 10.1016/j.soard.2020.02.003
    BACKGROUND: Obesity is a growing health problem that has become a global epidemic. Serial population studies have shown the same in Malaysia, where the prevalence of obesity increased rapidly in the last decade. Currently, bariatric surgery is the most effective treatment in patients with morbid obesity. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common type of sleep-related breathing disorder seen in obesity.

    OBJECTIVES: We aim to ascertain the prevalence and severity of OSA in Asian patients who underwent bariatric surgery and were seen in our center.

    SETTING: The study was conducted in our university hospital.

    METHODS: Study approval was obtained from our institutional review board for a retrospective chart review. A total of 226 patients were included in this review. OSA was noted as absent or present and graded from mild to severe. The patient population was stratified by body mass index according to the World Health Organization guidelines for Asian population.

    RESULTS: The overall sample prevalence of OSA was 80.5%. Of these, 24.3% had mild OSA, 23.9% had moderate OSA, and 32.3% had severe OSA. Only 17.3% have been diagnosed with OSA before bariatric workup. Among men, the prevalence of OSA was 93.7% and 75.5% among women.

    CONCLUSION: Based on these findings, Asian patients undergoing bariatric workup should be considered for routine polysomnography to enable treatment of OSA.

    Matched MeSH terms: Retrospective Studies
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