MyMedR

Displaying publications 101 - 120 of 165 in total

Abstract:

Sort:

Prevalence and predictors of vitamin D deficiency among adults with epilepsy: A cross-sectional study

Khoo CS, Shukor MF, Tan JK, Tan MM, Yong LL, Sahibulddin SZ, et al.

Epilepsy Behav, 2023 Oct;147:109432.
PMID: 37716324 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109432

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency among adult people with epilepsy (PWE) is scarcely studied, despite its essential role in bone health and maintaining homeostasis. Several studies have studied the relationship between factors related to epilepsy and vitamin D metabolism. We aim to investigate this in our multi-ethnic society.
METHODS: This was a single-center cross-sectional study. We recruited 159 participants diagnosed with epilepsy on antiseizure medications (ASMs). We included those aged 18 years and above, excluding patients with long-term medical conditions that would affect vitamin D metabolism. Sociodemographic data and details of epilepsy were collated. Venous sampling was performed to analyze the levels of albumin-corrected calcium, phosphate, alkaline phosphatase, and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D]. Serum 25(OH)D level is defined as deficient (<20 ng/ml), insufficient (20-29 ng/ml), and sufficient (≥30 ng/ml).
RESULTS: The study reported that 73 (45.9%) participants had vitamin D deficiency, 38 (23.9%) had vitamin D insufficiency, and 48 (30.2%) patients had sufficient vitamin D levels. The predictors identified were PWE aged 18 to 44 years old (p = 0.001), female gender (OR 3.396, p = 0.002), and ethnicity (p vitamin D deficiency.
CONCLUSION: Vitamin D deficiency among PWE is prevalent in our local population, suggesting that regular screening should be considered for those at risk. Early identification would allow intervention to reduce the risk of future complications.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D
The effects of vitamin C supplementation on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Nosratabadi S, Ashtary-Larky D, Hosseini F, Namkhah Z, Mohammadi S, Salamat S, et al.

Diabetes Metab Syndr, 2023 Aug;17(8):102824.
PMID: 37523928 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102824

BACKGROUND AND AIM: It has been suggested that taking vitamin C supplements may improve glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, there has not been a thorough evaluation of the actual impact or certainty of the findings. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effect of vitamin C supplementation on glycemic profile in T2DM patients.
METHODS: A systematic search was performed across online databases including Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed/Medline to identify relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published until July 2022. A random-effects model was applied for the meta-analysis.
RESULTS: The present meta-analysis included a total of 22 RCTs with 1447 patients diagnosed with T2DM.A pooled analysis revealed a significant decrease in levels of serum hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin, and fasting blood glucose (FBG) in vitamin C-treated T2DM patients compared with their untreated counterparts. The dose-response evaluation displayed a substantial linear association between the intervention duration and changes in serum HbA1c levels. However, the analysis did not demonstrate any significant effect of vitamin C on serum values of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR) in diabetic patients. Subgroup analyses indicated that high-dose vitamin C administration (≥1000 mg/d) considerably decreased serum HOMA-IR levels.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that long-term (≥12 weeks) and high-dose vitamin C supplementation (≥1000 mg/d) may ameliorate glycemic profile in T2DM patients. However, additional high-quality RCTs are necessary to validate these results.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D
Vitamin D deficiency attenuates endothelial function by reducing antioxidant activity and vascular eNOS expression in the rat microcirculation

Wee CL, Mokhtar SS, Banga Singh KK, Rasool AHG

Microvasc Res, 2021 Nov;138:104227.
PMID: 34324883 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2021.104227

This study examined the effects of vitamin D deficiency on vascular function and tissue oxidative status in the microcirculation; and whether or not these effects can be ameliorated with calcitriol, the active vitamin D metabolite. Three groups (n = 10 each) of male Sprague Dawley rats were fed for 10 weeks with control diet (CR), vitamin D-deficient diet without (DR), or with oral calcitriol supplementation (0.15 μg/kg) for the last four weeks (DSR). After 10 weeks, rats were sacrificed; mesenteric arterial rings were studied using wire myograph. Oxidative stress biomarkers malondialdehyde (MDA) levels and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured in the mesenteric arterial tissue. Vascular protein expression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was determined by Western blotting. Acetylcholine-induced endothelium-dependent relaxation of DR was lower than CR. eNOS expression and SOD activity were lower in mesenteric arterial tissue of DR compared to CR. Calcitriol supplementation to DSR did not ameliorate the above parameters; in fact, augmented endothelium-dependent contraction was observed. Serum calcium was higher in DSR compared to CR and DR. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency impaired microvascular vasodilation, associated with eNOS downregulation and reduced antioxidant activity. Calcitriol supplementation to vitamin D-deficient rats at the dosage used augmented endothelium-dependent contraction, possibly due to hypercalcaemia.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D Deficiency/drug therapy; Vitamin D Deficiency/enzymology*; Vitamin D Deficiency/physiopathology
Fulltext Correlation between Levels of Vitamins D3 and E in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Case-Control Study in Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

Razip NNM, Gopalsamy B, Abdul Mutalib MS, Chang SK, Abdullah MMJA, Azlan A, et al.

Nutrients, 2021 Jul 01;13(7).
PMID: 34371798 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072288

An overview of vitamins D3 and E suggests micronutrient deficiency contributes to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A case-control study was conducted to determine the status of plasma vitamins D3 and E isomers amongst diabetic Malaysians. Two groups were recruited for participation, one comprising fifty diabetic subjects (DM) and one comprising fifty non-diabetic (non-DM) subjects, in order to assess their plasma vitamin D3, calcium and vitamin E status. Glycaemic status (haemoglobin A1c, HbA1c; fasting blood glucose, FBG; C-Peptide) and lipid profiles (total cholesterol, TC; triglycerides, TG; low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, LDL-C; high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, HDL-C) were assessed, followed by anthropometric measurements. The Mann-Whitney U-test, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman's correlation coefficient were used to elucidate the association between levels of plasma vitamins D3 and E and T2DM. The vitamin D3 deficiency group (<20 ng/mL) showed a significant correlation (p < 0.05) with glycaemic status (HbA1c and FBG) and lipid profiles (HDL-C, LDL and TC). Spearman's correlation demonstrated that vitamin D3 status is strongly correlated with HDL levels (p < 0.05). Similarly, plasma total vitamin E levels >4.9 μg/mL revealed significantly different FBG, HbA1c, C-Peptide, LDL, HDL and TC levels across both groups. Moreover, family history, smoking, waist circumference and HbA1c levels demonstrated a significant association (p < 0.05) with levels of vitamins D and E but not FBG and lipid profiles. This could be because the pre-diabetic status among the non-DM group influenced the outcomes of this study.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D Deficiency/blood; Vitamin D Deficiency/complications; Vitamin D Deficiency/epidemiology
Fulltext Interactions Between Genome-Wide Significant Genetic Variants and Circulating Concentrations of 25-Hydroxyvitamin D in Relation to Prostate Cancer Risk in the National Cancer Institute BPC3

Dimitrakopoulou VI, Travis RC, Shui IM, Mondul A, Albanes D, Virtamo J, et al.

Am J Epidemiol, 2017 Mar 15;185(6):452-464.
PMID: 28399564 DOI: 10.1093/aje/kww143

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified over 100 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with prostate cancer. However, information on the mechanistic basis for some associations is limited. Recent research has been directed towards the potential association of vitamin D concentrations and prostate cancer, but little is known about whether the aforementioned genetic associations are modified by vitamin D. We investigated the associations of 46 GWAS-identified SNPs, circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and prostate cancer (3,811 cases, 511 of whom died from the disease, compared with 2,980 controls-from 5 cohort studies that recruited participants over several periods beginning in the 1980s). We used logistic regression models with data from the National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium (BPC3) to evaluate interactions on the multiplicative and additive scales. After allowing for multiple testing, none of the SNPs examined was significantly associated with 25(OH)D concentration, and the SNP-prostate cancer associations did not differ by these concentrations. A statistically significant interaction was observed for each of 2 SNPs in the 8q24 region (rs620861 and rs16902094), 25(OH)D concentration, and fatal prostate cancer on both multiplicative and additive scales (P ≤ 0.001). We did not find strong evidence that associations between GWAS-identified SNPs and prostate cancer are modified by circulating concentrations of 25(OH)D. The intriguing interactions between rs620861 and rs16902094, 25(OH)D concentration, and fatal prostate cancer warrant replication.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D/analogs & derivatives*; Vitamin D/blood; Vitamin D/genetics
Fulltext Osteoporosis: primary prevention in the community

Loh KY, Shong HK

Med J Malaysia, 2007 Oct;62(4):355-7; quiz 358.
PMID: 18551949 MyJurnal

The incidence of osteoporosis is increasing worldwide. It has great impact on the life of the elderly population. The most significant medical consequence of osteoporosis is fragility fracture which without proper treatment will cause severe medical and psychosocial complications. The overall cost in managing osteoporosis and its related fractures is escalating. Using bone densitometry to measure bone mineral density is useful in the diagnosis of osteoporosis but it is costly and not feasible in the community. Drugs such as estrogen replacement, raloxifene and calcitonin are effective in prevention and treatment of osteoporosis but they are also expensive. Identifying modifiable risk factors such as smoking, lack of exercise, low dietary calcium and vitamin D intake and healthy life style remain strategy in the primary prevention of osteoporosis in the community.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D/therapeutic use
Fulltext Lessons from the Bone Chapter of the Malaysian Aging Men Study

Chin KY, Wan Ngah WZ, Ima-Nirwana S

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2016 05 25;13(6).
PMID: 27231930 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13060531

Male osteoporosis in Malaysia is a largely neglected problem. Therefore, a bone health study in men using quantitative ultrasonometry was launched as part of the Malaysian Aging Men Study in 2009-2012. This review aimed to summarize the findings of the aforementioned bone health study. The study examined the bone health of Chinese and Malaysian men aged 20 years and above living in Kuala Lumpur using a quantitative ultrasound device. Participants answered a questionnaire on their demographic details and physical activity status. Body anthropometry of the participants was measured and their blood collected for biochemical analysis. Results showed that a significant proportion of the Malaysian Chinese and Malay men had suboptimal bone health indicated by calcaneal speed of sound and vitamin D status. Age-related decline of the calcaneal speed of sound in these men was gradual and biphasic without ethnic difference. Body anthropometry such as height, weight, body mass index, and body fat percentage contributed to the variation of the calcaneal speed of sound in Malaysian men. Age-related changes in testosterone, insulin-like growth factor 1, and thyroid stimulating hormone also influenced the calcaneal speed of sound in these men. This study serves as a reminder that male osteoporosis in Malaysia should be an issue of concern. It is also a basis for a more comprehensive study on bone health in men in the future.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D/blood*
Serum levels of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase and procollagen type I carboxyterminal peptide in vitamin D deficiency

Nawawi H, Girgis SI

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2002;33 Suppl 2:124-30.
PMID: 12755282

Vitamin D deficiency in adults causes osteomalacia where there is a defect in bone mineralization resulting in an excess of unmineralised osteoid in the bone matrix. The aim of this study was to evaluate the markers of bone formation: total (TALP), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BSALP) and procollagen type I carboxyterminal peptide (PICP) in vitamin D deficiency. We studied 100 vitamin D deficient subjects and 82 gender-matched controls. Vitamin D deficiency was defined as serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level of less than 7 ng/ml, and greater than 10 ng/ml for normal controls. Serum TALP assay was performed by a standard automated method, BSALP and PICP were measured by enzyme immunoassays (Metra Biosystems) and vitamin D by radioimmunoassay. There was significant difference in the TALP between female vitamin D deficient and control subjects (mean +/- sem = 99.8 +/- 8.2 vs 70.5 +/- 2.8 iu/l, p<0.001). Elevated serum TALP (>130 iu/l) was found in 20% (20/100) of the vitamin D deficient patients. There were no significant differences in BSALP or PICP between vitamin D deficient patients and gender-matched control subjects. There was no correlation between vitamin D and PICP in patients but in control subjects, a significant negative correlation (r= -0.431, p<0.0001) was found. In conclusion, although elevated TALP was observed in a minority of vitamin D deficient patients, it is a better marker than PICP. The lack of PICP response in vitamin D deficient subjects suggests the possibility of vitamin D deficiency leading to a block in osteoblast differentiation.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D Deficiency/blood*
Severe congenital rickets secondary to maternal hypovitaminosis D: a case report

Maiyegun SO, Malek AH, Devarajan LV, Dahniya MH

Ann Trop Paediatr, 2002 Jun;22(2):191-5.
PMID: 12070957

We report a full-term baby boy who presented soon after birth with severe congenital rickets. Maternal and neonatal vitamin D levels were very low and the infant responded well to oral vitamin D. Transient secondary hyperparathyroidism normalised on treatment. The mother's vitamin D deficiency was attributed to the region's cultural dress code which prevents exposure to sunlight. There has not been a previous report of severe congenital rickets from this region.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D Deficiency*
Genetic polymorphism of the vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) in crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis)

Tanaka H, Kawamoto Y, Terao K

J Med Primatol, 1991 May;20(3):126-32.
PMID: 1895332

Vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) of crab-eating macaques (Macaca fascicularis) was examined by means of three electrophoretic methods. DBP phenotypes were observed to be one or two bands in each method. All of DBP molecular variants could be detected by the simultaneous typing with these three methods. Family analysis suggested that DBP variants followed the mode of autosomal codominant inheritance. A total of 17 phenotypes governed by at least 11 alleles were observed in the populations of Malaysia, Indonesia, and the Philippines. The genetic variability was high in Malaysian and Indonesian populations but low in the Philippine population.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D-Binding Protein/genetics*
Gc subtyping in Malaysians and in Indonesians from north Sumatra

Tan SG, Gan YY, Asuan K, Abdullah F

Hum Genet, 1981;59(1):75-6.
PMID: 10819027

Malays, Chinese and Indians from peninsular Malaysia; Ibans and Bidayuh from Sarawak state, Northern Borneo; and Bataks, Minangkabau and Javanese from North Sumatra, Indonesia, were subtyped for Gc (group-specific component) by polyacrylamide gel isoelectric focusing. All eight populations investigated were found to be polymorphic for three common alleles, Gc1F, Gc1S and Gc2.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D-Binding Protein/genetics*
Fulltext Sun exposure, dietary vitamin d and vitamin d status in adult atopic dermatitis: a case control study

Mohan Arumugam1, Adawiyah Jamil1, Norazirah Md Nor, Mazlin Baseri, Norlaila Mustafa, Suganthi Thevarajah

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(1):66-69.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Atopic dermatitis (AD) and its severity has been inconsistently associated with lower vitamin D levels as multiple other factors that influence vitamin D status were not always assessed. Methods: A case control study involving AD patients and controls 18 years old was performed. Exclusion criteria were systemic immunosuppres- sion  4 weeks prior to recruitment, renal or hepatic impairment, parathyroid diseases and vitamin D or calcium supplementation. Healthy controls were matched for age, gender, ethnicity, Fitzpatrick skin type and body mass index (BMI). Sun exposure, a 3-day, 24-hour dietary recall and serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D were measured. Re- sults: 38 AD patients and 38 controls participated. Majority had Fitzpatrick skin type IV. Vitamin D was lower in AD [15.9(9.9-24.0)ng/ml] than controls [17.3(14.4-27.2)ng/ml], p= 0.028. It was sufficient in 16(42.1%) AD and 15(39.5%) controls, insufficient in 7(18.4%) AD and 22(57.9%) controls and deficient in 15(39.5%) AD compared to 1(2.6%) control. Sun exposure was similar in both groups. AD had significantly higher dietary vitamin D intake [1.5(0.6-3.1) vs 0.6 (0.3-1.0)µg]. AD was an independant risk for vitamin D deficiency with OR 17.52; 95%CI:1.4-
212.7 and vitamin D insufficiency OR 0.26;95%CI:0.07-0.95. Vitamin D levels did not correlate with AD severity. Conclusion: AD is a risk for vitamin D deficiency despite higher dietary intake and similar skin type, BMI and sun exposure as controls.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
Fulltext Correlation of Vitamin D with bone mineral density by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan among healthy Malay adult

Tuan Salwani Tuan Ismail, Siong Hu Wong, Mohd Hadizie Din, Zulkarnain Mustapha, Juhara Haron, Ahmad Badruridzwanullah Bin Zun

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(2):16-22.
MyJurnal

Introduction: Scarcity of data found in regard to association of vitamin D level with bone mineral density (BMD). Our study aimed to determine the correlation of vitamin D with BMD and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) among healthy Malay adult. Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 126 healthy Malay volunteers (aged 21–45 years old) from Kota Bharu, Malaysia. Serum total calcium, albumin, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), and iPTH were measured. BMD was assessed with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan over left hip (right hip in case of problem with left hip) and lumbar spine (L1 – L4 vertebrae). Results: The mean serum 25(OH)D was 38.91
± 14.07 nmol/L. Out of 126 study subjects, 104 subjects (82.5%) had insufficient level of vitamin D (< 50 nmol/L). Mean hip and lumbar BMD were 0.952 ± 0.145 g/cm2 and 1.006 ± 0.133 g/cm2 respectively. According to T-score, 93 subjects (73.8%) had normal T-score of  -1, 33 subjects (26.2%) had osteopenia (T-score -2.5 to -1) and none had osteoporosis (T-score  -2.5). Significant positive correlation between serum 25(OH)D and hip BMD (r = 0.234, p = 0.009) was observed, but no correlation was found between serum 25(OH)D and lumbar BMD. Meanwhile, significant inverse correlation between serum 25(OH)D and iPTH was observed (r = -0.324, p < 0.001). Conclusion: High prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency was observed among healthy Malay population, but majority had normal bone density. Nonetheless, serum 25(OH)D was positively correlated with BMD and inversely correlated with iPTH. Our findings support the role of vitamin D for maintaining bone health.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
Fulltext Vitamin A and Bone Health: A Review on Current Evidence

Yee MMF, Chin KY, Ima-Nirwana S, Wong SK

Molecules, 2021 Mar 21;26(6).
PMID: 33801011 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061757

Vitamin A is a fat-soluble micronutrient essential for growth, immunity, and good vision. The preformed retinol is commonly found in food of animal origin whereas provitamin A is derived from food of plant origin. This review summarises the current evidence from animal, human and cell-culture studies on the effects of vitamin A towards bone health. Animal studies showed that the negative effects of retinol on the skeleton were observed at higher concentrations, especially on the cortical bone. In humans, the direct relationship between vitamin A and poor bone health was more pronounced in individuals with obesity or vitamin D deficiency. Mechanistically, vitamin A differentially influenced the stages of osteogenesis by enhancing early osteoblastic differentiation and inhibiting bone mineralisation via retinoic acid receptor (RAR) signalling and modulation of osteocyte/osteoblast-related bone peptides. However, adequate vitamin A intake through food or supplements was shown to maintain healthy bones. Meanwhile, provitamin A (carotene and β-cryptoxanthin) may also protect bone. In vitro evidence showed that carotene and β-cryptoxanthin may serve as precursors for retinoids, specifically all-trans-retinoic acid, which serve as ligand for RARs to promote osteogenesis and suppressed nuclear factor-kappa B activation to inhibit the differentiation and maturation of osteoclasts. In conclusion, we suggest that both vitamin A and provitamin A may be potential bone-protecting agents, and more studies are warranted to support this hypothesis.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D Deficiency/metabolism*
Fulltext Calcium intake, vitamin D and bone health status of post-menopausal Chinese women in Kuala Lumpur

Chee, W.S.S., Chong, P.N., Chuah, K.A., Karupaiah, T ., Norlaila Mustafa, Seri Suniza, S., et al.

Malays J Nutr, 2010;16(2):233-242.
MyJurnal

Bone health status was investigated in 178 free-living Chinese post-menopausal women in Kuala Lumpur. Body mass index (BMI), body composition (using whole body DXA), calcium intake and serum 25-OH vitamin D status were measured along with biochemical markers of bone turnover, that is, pro-collagen Type 1 N-terminal peptide (P1NP), osteocalcin (OC) and C-telopeptide ß cross
link of Type 1 collagen (CTX- β). Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured using DXA (Hologic, USA) at the lumbar spine, femoral neck and total hip. Results showed that osteopenia was present in 50% of the subjects at the spine and 57.9% at the femoral neck. Osteoporosis was diagnosed in 10% of the subjects at both the femoral neck and spine. A total of 29.3% of the subjects had high
levels of CTX- ß. Mean serum level of 25-OH vitamin D was 60.4+15.6 nmol/L and 50.6% of the subjects had hypovitaminosis D (defined as

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
Fulltext The associations between VDR BsmI polymorphisms and risk of vitamin D deficiency, obesity and insulin resistance in adolescents residing in a tropical country

Rahmadhani R, Zaharan NL, Mohamed Z, Moy FM, Jalaludin MY

PLoS One, 2017;12(6):e0178695.
PMID: 28617856 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178695

BACKGROUND: The vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene is expressed abundantly in different tissues; including adipocytes and pancreatic beta cells. The rs1544410 or BsmI single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the intronic region of the VDR gene has been previously associated with vitamin D levels, obesity and insulin resistance.
AIMS: This study was aimed to examine the association between BsmI polymorphism and risk of vitamin D deficiency, obesity and insulin resistance in adolescents living in a tropical country.
METHODS: Thirteen-year-old adolescents were recruited via multistage sampling from twenty-three randomly selected schools across the city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (n = 941). Anthropometric measurements were obtained. Obesity was defined as body mass index higher than the 95th percentile of the WHO chart. Levels of fasting serum vitamin D (25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)), glucose and insulin were measured. HOMA-IR was calculated as an indicator for insulin resistance. Genotyping was performed using the Sequenom MassARRAY platform (n = 807). The associations between BsmI and vitamin D, anthropometric parameters and HOMA-IR were examined using analysis of covariance and logistic regression.
RESULT: Those with AA genotype of BsmI had significantly lower levels of 25(OH)D (p = 0.001) compared to other genotypes. No significant differences was found across genotypes for obesity parameters. The AA genotype was associated with higher risk of vitamin D deficiency (p = 0.03) and insulin resistance (p = 0.03) compared to GG. The A allele was significantly associated with increased risk of vitamin D deficiency compared to G allele (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 1.63 (95% Confidence Interval (CI) 1.03-2.59, p = 0.04). In those with concurrent vitamin D deficiency, having an A allele significantly increased their risk of having insulin resistance compared to G allele (adjusted OR = 2.66 (95% CI 1.36-5.19, p = 0.004).
CONCLUSION: VDR BsmI polymorphism was significantly associated with vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance, but not with obesity in this population.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D Deficiency/genetics*
Fulltext Modifiable factors associated with bone health in Malaysian adolescents utilising calcaneus quantitative ultrasound

Zulfarina MS, Sharif R, Syarifah-Noratiqah SB, Sharkawi AM, Aqilah-Sm ZS, Mokhtar SA, et al.

PLoS One, 2018;13(8):e0202321.
PMID: 30106982 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202321

Maximizing bone mineral accrual to attain an optimal peak bone mass (PBM), particularly during adolescence, appears to be an effective protective strategy in the prevention of osteoporosis. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of physical activity (PA), fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), body mass index (BMI), calcium, or combination of vitamin D supplement intake, smoking and alcohol drinking status on bone health assessed by calcaneus quantitative ultrasound (QUS) in a healthy adolescent population. The participants comprised of 920 male and female secondary school adolescents aged 15-17 years old. Quantitative ultrasound measurements of the left heel were performed using Lunar Achilles EX II, which included results of broadband ultrasound attenuation (BUA), speed of sound (SOS), and a calculated stiffness index (SI). Multivariable linear regression analyses revealed that-PA was positively associated with all three QUS indices in both genders; BMI was positively associated with SI and SOS in females; LM was positively associated with BUA in both genders; and FM was negatively associated with SI in females. These variables accounted for 32.1%, 21.2% and 29.4% of females' SOS, BUA and SI variances (p<0.001), respectively and 23.6%, 15.4% and 17.2% of males' SOS, BUA and SI variances (p<0.001), respectively. Promoting health benefits from physical activity could influence bone status and consequently improve PBM, which is a potent protective determinant against osteoporosis in adulthood.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D/administration & dosage
Fulltext Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Related to Vitamin D and Its Relationship with Vitamin D Status among Malay Female Office Workers

Jamil NA, Shahudin NN, Abdul Aziz NS, Jia Qi C, Wan Aminuddin WAA, Mat Ludin AF, et al.

Int J Environ Res Public Health, 2019 11 27;16(23).
PMID: 31783521 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16234735

This study assessed knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) related to vitamin D and its relationship with vitamin D status among Malay female office workers. A total of 147 women aged between 20 and 55 years were recruited from a university in Kuala Lumpur. They answered questionnaires related to KAP on vitamin D, sun exposure, dietary vitamin D intake and physical activity. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) was analysed using an enzyme-linked immunoassay. Nearly half (45%) of the subjects had good knowledge but moderate attitude (76%) and practice (84%) towards sunlight exposure and dietary vitamin D intake. Median serum 25OHD was 34.1 nmol/L with the majority (91%) had vitamin D insufficiency (25OHD < 50 nmol/L). Knowledge was weakly associated with attitude (r = 0.29, p < 0.001) but no association was found between knowledge and practice (r = 0.08, p = 0.355) nor attitude and practice (r = -0.001, p = 0.994). Serum 25OHD was positively associated with sunlight exposure (r = 0.22, p = 0.008) and dietary vitamin D intake (r = 0.37, p < 0.001). It can be implied that this group is at increased risk of low bone health status, which highlights the needs of public health campaigns to improve their vitamin D status.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D; Vitamin D Deficiency
Fulltext Vitamin D deficiency causing eosinophilic esophagogastroenteritis and ascites: a rare association

Qua CS, Peh KB, Saravannan K, Goh KL

BMJ Case Rep, 2021 Feb 04;14(2).
PMID: 33541947 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2020-240039

A 54-year-old Chinese man presented with ascites for 2 weeks. He had a preceding 2-year history of intermittent dysphagia, lethargy and general malaise. Blood investigations revealed leucocytosis with eosinophilia of 26.5%, whereas paracentesis showed turbid fluid with high protein content (45 g/L) and a high white blood cell count of 5580/µL, predominantly eosinophils (90%). An incidental assay of vitamin D showed a very low level of 13.5 ng/mL. No other cause of ascites was found. Gastroscopy was normal except for duodenitis. However, biopsies from lower oesophagus confirmed the presence of eosinophilic infiltration. Following vitamin D replacement, the patient experienced marked improvement in symptoms of dysphagia within 2 weeks and no recurrence of ascites after 3 months. The reason for the patient's vitamin D deficiency remains unclear. The marked improvement in the patient's health indicates a causative role of vitamin D deficiency in causing eosinophilic esophagogastroenteritis and associated eosinophilic ascites.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D Deficiency/complications*
Fulltext Cohort profile: Japanese human milk study, a prospective birth cohort: baseline data for lactating women, infants and human milk macronutrients

Nojiri K, Higurashi S, Takahashi T, Tsujimori Y, Kobayashi S, Toba Y, et al.

BMJ Open, 2021 Dec 30;11(12):e055028.
PMID: 36282635 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-055028

PURPOSE: The Japanese Human Milk Study, a longitudinal prospective cohort study, was set up to clarify how maternal health, nutritional status, lifestyle and sociodemographic and economic factors affect breastfeeding practices and human milk composition. This would eventually determine factors affecting the growth and development of infants and children.
PARTICIPANTS: A total of 1210 Japanese lactating women who satisfied the inclusion criteria, were invited across the country at various participating sites, between 2014 and 2019. Finally a total of 1122 women were enrolled in this study.
FINDINGS TO DATE: Among 1122 eligible participants, mean age at delivery was 31.2 (SD 4.4) years and mean prepregnancy BMI was 20.8 (SD 2.7). Among these women, 35% were previously nulliparous and 77.7% had college, university or higher education. The mean gestational period was 39.0 (SD 1.3) weeks. Caesarean section was reported among 11.9%; mean infant birth weight was 3082 (SD 360) g. Of the infants, 53.7% were male. Overall, our participants appeared to be healthier than the general population in Japan. Analyses of the 1079 eligible human milk samples obtained at the first and second months postpartum showed the following composition: carbohydrate, 8.13 (SD 0.32) g/100 mL; fat, 3.77 (SD 1.29) g/100 mL; and crude protein, 1.20 (SD 0.23) g/100 mL. We also analysed osteopontin, fatty acid, vitamin D and phospholipid levels in limited subcohorts of the samples.
FUTURE PLANS: Follow-up surveys will be conducted to obtain milk samples every 2 months for 12 months and to investigate mother and child health until the children reach 5 years of age. These will be completed in 2024. We plan to longitudinally analyse the composition of macronutrients and various bioactive factors in human milk and investigate the lifestyle and environmental factors that influence breastfeeding practices, maternal and child health, and child development.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: UMIN000015494; pre-results.

Matched MeSH terms: Vitamin D/metabolism

Filters

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links