Displaying publications 1481 - 1500 of 5421 in total

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  1. Fulltext Review: developments of lactic acid bacteria as probiotic for bacterial diseases control in aquaculture
    Fathiah Masduki, Chong, Chou Min, Murni Karim
    The Pertanika Journal of Scholarly Research Reviews, 2018;4(1):41-53.
    MyJurnal
    In the recent decades, lactic acid bacteria (LAB) in aquatic organism have been one of the major interesting research subjects due to their various existence strains in fish microbiota. Moreover, LABs are sometimes abundant in the intestine of several fish species. Many recent papers indicated that several LAB strains are harmless and have been reported for beneficial effects on fish health. There was also converging evidence that led us for more research and findings regarding LAB as a promising probiotics in aquaculture. This article provides an overview of the variability of LAB in gastrointestinal (GI) tract of fish and the development of this species as probiotics. LAB was known able to colonise the gut, and has antagonistic activity against some fish pathogens. This harmless bactreriocin-producing strain may confer benefits in increasing disease resistance, improving nutrient digestibility and growth of the host animals. In addition, these strains may reduce the need of antibiotics usage in future aquaculture industry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Resistance
  2. Fulltext Spiritual intelligence on health behaviours among Malaysian university students in a Malaysian public university: The mediating role of self efficacy
    Dev, Roxana Dev Omar, Tengku Fadilah Tengku Kamalden, Soh, Kim Geok, Ahmad Fauzi Mohd Ayub, Ismi Arif Ismail
    Movement Health & Exercise, 2018;7(2):53-64.
    MyJurnal
    University students experience a substantial amount of change where they
    progress from the highly controlled setting of school to the self-motivated
    environment of the university. Many changes which involve social,
    financial, and environment elements, can be a burden to the students putting
    them at risk in negative health behaviours. Negative health behaviours
    among university students are a cause for concern since they have a
    tendency to be carried into adulthood, which may cause the emergence of
    chronic disease at a younger age. Spiritual intelligence together with selfefficacy
    is seen to promote better health behaviour. Therefore, the purpose
    of the study was to investigate the relationship between spiritual intelligence
    and self-efficacy on health behaviours among university students in
    Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia. A correlational study was conducted
    on 400 undergraduate university students living on campus and were chosen
    through stratified random sampling technique using closed ended
    questionnaires (The Spiritual Self-Report Inventory, General Self Efficacy
    Scale and a modified version of Health Style Questionnaire). Pearson
    correlation and structural equation modelling were used to explore
    association between these aspects. Spiritual intelligence, self-efficacy and
    health behaviour were significantly correlated. Self-efficacy showed a
    partial mediation effect towards the relationship between spiritual
    intelligence and promoting health behaviour (p=0.000). Thus, an association
    was found between spiritual intelligence with health behaviour, and selfefficacy
    with health behaviour. It is interpreted that spiritual intelligence can
    boost positive health behaviour and it is associated with self-efficacy
    relevantly gives benefit to health behaviour. Such data have important
    implications for both health practice and policy, especially in the context of
    higher education institutions.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  3. Fulltext Survivability of hospitalized chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients with moderate to severe estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) after experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in a public healthcare center: a retrospective 3 year study
    Danial M, Hassali MA, Ong LM, Khan AH
    BMC Pharmacol Toxicol, 2018 Aug 29;19(1):52.
    PMID: 30157959 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-018-0243-0
    BACKGROUND: Accurate identification and routine preventive practices are crucial steps in lessening the incidence of medications and patients related adverse drug reactions (ADRs).

    METHODS: Three years retrospective study was conducted among chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients at multi-wards in a tertiary healthcare center. Data collected included demographic characteristics, physical examination results, comorbid conditions, laboratory tests and medications taken. Only medication prescribed during the hospital stay were considered in this study.

    RESULTS: From this study only one ADR incident was definitely preventable and majority of other ADRs (88.3%) were possibly preventable. Type of renal replacement therapy (p = 0.023) and stages of renal function (p = 0.002) were significantly associated with survivability of the hospitalized CKD patients after ADRs. Highest percentage of mortality based on categories were 50-59 years (20.0%), male (16.3%), Indian ethnicity (23.7%), obese (15.0%), smoking (17.1%), consumes alcohol (17.4%), conservative management of renal disease (19.5%) and renal function of
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  4. Fulltext Mammary Paget's Disease of the Nipple: Relatively Common but Still Unknown to Many
    Ooi PS, Draman N, Yusoff SSM, Zain WZW, Ganasagaran D, Chua HH
    Korean J Fam Med, 2019 Jul;40(4):269-272.
    PMID: 30486607 DOI: 10.4082/kjfm.17.0143
    Mammary Paget's disease is clinically defined as skin inflammation of the nipple area and is an adenocarcinoma of the epidermis of the nipple. The pathogenesis of mammary Paget's disease is relatively unknown; nonetheless, there are two popular theories that support the underlying carcinoma and de novo carcinogenesis. For the attending medical practitioner, mammary Paget's disease poses a diagnostic and therapeutic dilemma, especially in the absence of a clinically palpable breast mass. We report a rare case of a 48-year-old Malay woman who presented at Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kelantan, Malaysia with the symptom of skin erosion on the left nipple and unresponsiveness to multiple topical treatments. A full evaluation and assessment of the patient were conducted, and mammary Paget's disease was diagnosed.
    Matched MeSH terms: Paget's Disease, Mammary
  5. Fulltext A retrospective study to detect dengue infection in unsuspected fever cases
    Sudipta Poddar, Amiya Kumar Hati
    Malaysian Journal of Medical Research, 2018;2(1):67-70.
    MyJurnal
    Dengue is endemic in Kolkata, India. Outbreaks of dengue cases often occur regularly at short intervals. This
    retrospective seroepidemiological surveillance was conducted longitudinally. Dengue cases were diagnosed
    in the laboratories from suspected patients by dengue specific IgG, IgM antibodies and NS1 antigen, from
    suspected persons to investigate, analyze and categorize the cases who were actually suffering from dengue to
    diagnose a dengue patient in the laboratory practice along with the status of the patient related to the detection
    of disease and duration of primary and secondary infection for effective monitoring of the patient. Age and
    Sex of the dengue patients were determined. Detection of dengue in unsuspected fever cases in unfavorable
    transmission season was evaluated. The transmission of dengue infection in the non-transmission season is
    not remarkable and often remains submerged. Proper measure at this stage may prevent the epidemic
    outbreak in the transmission season. This sort of experience will help to enrich the effective control and case
    management of the menace.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  6. Receptor-Interacting Protein Kinase 1 (RIPK1) as a Potential Therapeutic Target: An Overview of Its Possible Role in the Pathogenesis of Alzheimer's Disease
    Chan HH, Koh RY, Lim CL, Leong CO
    Curr Alzheimer Res, 2019;16(10):907-918.
    PMID: 31642777 DOI: 10.2174/1567205016666191023102422
    Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder, the most common type of dementia that is clinically characterized by the presence of beta-amyloid (Aβ) extracellularly and intraneuronal tau protein tangles that eventually leads to the onset of memory and cognition impairment, development of psychiatric symptoms and behavioral disorders that affect basic daily activities. Current treatment approved by the U.S Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for AD is mainly focused on the symptoms but not on the pathogenesis of the disease. Recently, receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) has been identified as a key component in the pathogenesis of AD through necroptosis. Furthermore, genetic and pharmacological suppression of RIPK1 has been shown to revert the phenotype of AD and its mediating pathway is yet to be deciphered. This review is aimed to provide an overview of the pathogenesis and current treatment of AD with the involvement of autophagy as well as providing a novel insight into RIPK1 in reverting the progression of AD, probably through an autophagy machinery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy*; Alzheimer Disease/genetics; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism*
  7. Massive pericardial effusion - An uncommon initial presentation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
    Cheo SW, Low QJ
    Med J Malaysia, 2019 Oct;74(5):439-440.
    PMID: 31649224
    Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a common autoimmune disease that we see in our daily clinical practice. It can involve almost every organs in the body. Cardiac manifestations of SLE include pericarditis, myocarditis, heart block, coronary artery disease and others. Here, we report a case of SLE with an uncommon presentation of massive pericardial effusion as initial presentation. Here we also highlight that massive pericardial effusion can also be associated with other complications of SLE such as heart failure and lupus nephritis.
    Matched MeSH terms: Coronary Artery Disease
  8. Chronic illness and sustainable careers: How individuals with multiple sclerosis negotiate work transitions in a middle-income country
    Vijayasingham L, Jogulu U, Allotey P
    Soc Sci Med, 2020 01;245:112699.
    PMID: 31785425 DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2019.112699
    Reports of work change and transitions are common amongst individuals with chronic illnesses such as multiple sclerosis (MS). However, there is little research on the lived experience of these work transitions. The scarcity of this research is particularly evident within low-and-middle-income countries, where protection laws and resources such as anti-discrimination laws and reasonable work modifications may not exist or be well enforced. In this paper, we explore how and why individuals with MS seek and achieve work transitions in the structural context of Malaysia. We interviewed ten working individuals with MS (July-december 2015) using a joint hermeneutic phenomenology and constructivist grounded theory approach. Using a broad conceptual lens of 'sustainable careers', we examine their careers as a series of experiences, decisions, and events, paying attention to the influences of context, time, their personal levels of agency and sense of meaning. Participants described work transitions as early as within the first year of diagnosis, that were prompted by voluntary, involuntary and semi-voluntary reasons. Key aspects of the process of seeking new roles included an exploration of alternative roles and paths, and then acquiring, trialing/adapting and remaining engaged in their new roles. Participants identified the perception and experience of 'being unemployable', based on how their diagnosis and short-term symptoms were responded to by employers. Nevertheless, participants used various strategies and career resources to obtain and maintain meaningful work roles. However, success in obtaining or maintaining new roles were not equally achieved. This research draws attention to the cumulative economic disadvantage of a chronic illness diagnosis, even at milder and episodic stages. Furthermore, it reiterates the need for cohesive structural protection in low-and-middle-income countries to facilitate a more equal ability to remain economically resilient and capable of engaging in meaningful long-term careers when living with a chronic illness.
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  9. Effects of simple knee sleeves on pain and knee adduction moment in early unilateral knee osteoarthritis
    Mohd Sharif NA, Usman J, Wan Safwani WKZ, Siew Li G, Abdul Karim S, Mohamed NA, et al.
    Proc Inst Mech Eng H, 2019 Nov;233(11):1132-1140.
    PMID: 31597554 DOI: 10.1177/0954411919874614
    Knee sleeves are often prescribed to alleviate pain in people with early knee osteoarthritis. However, the biomechanics underlying their pain-relieving effect are still not well understood. This pre-post study aims at evaluating and comparing the effects of two different types of knee sleeves on knee adduction moment. Patients with clinically diagnosed knee osteoarthritis were recruited from the University of Malaya Medical Centre and were randomly assigned to two test groups using (1) a simple knee sleeve and (2) a simple sleeve with patella cutout. Knee adduction moment was collected using the Vicon motion capture system with two Kistler force plates. Pain, stiffness and physical functions were recorded using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index. All measurements were taken before, immediately after and at the completion of 6 weeks of application (primary time point). In total, 17 participants with early unilateral knee osteoarthritis (47.7 (9.7) years) completed the study. Overall results show significant reduction in pain, early stance and late stance knee adduction moment and increased walking speed after 6 weeks of both knee sleeves application. This study results suggest that knee sleeves can reduce knee adduction moments in early unilateral knee osteoarthritis by 14.0% and 12.1% using the simple sleeve and the sleeve with patella cutout, respectively, and can potentially delay disease progression. In addition, knee sleeve with patella cutout does not provide additional benefits when compared to the simple knee sleeve.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Progression
  10. Fulltext Diabetes Registry Malaysia: report of an audit of diabetes control and management (January-December 2009)
    Ismail M, Haniff J, Wan Bebakar WM
    Citation: Ismail M, Haniff J, Wan Bebakar WM. Diabetes Registry Malaysia: report of an audit of diabetes control and management (January-December 2009). Kuala Lumpur: Clinical Research Centre, 2010
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Management
  11. Fulltext What do primary care doctors do when they fall sick? A qualitative study exploring their help-seeking behavior
    Ng CJ, Haidi NS
    Asia Pac Fam Med, 2005;4(3).
    Aim: To explore the help-seeking behavior of primary care doctors during illness. Methods: This qualitative study used focus group discussions to explore participants' help-seeking behavior during illness. It involved 22 primary care doctors (5 lecturers, 12 postgraduate trainees, 5 medical officers) working in a hospital-based primary care clinic. Result: Most primary care doctors in this study managed their illnesses without seeking help. Although most preferred to seek professional help for chronic illnesses and antenatal care, they tend to delay the consultations and were less likely to comply with treatment and follow-up. Explanations for their behavior include their ability to assess and treat themselves, difficulty to find suitable doctors, work commitment, easy access to drugs, and reluctance to assume a sick role. Conclusions: This study found that the help-seeking behavior of primary care doctors was similar to those in other studies. Due to their professional ability, heavy workload and expectations from peer and patients, primary care doctors were more likely to delay in seeking treatment especially for chronic and serious diseases. This highlights the need to enhance support services for doctors during illness. Key words: doctors, help-seeking behavior, illness
    Matched MeSH terms: Chronic Disease
  12. Five-year Survival Data on the Role of Endoscopic Endonasal Nasopharyngectomy in Advanced Recurrent rT3 and rT4 Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
    Wong EHC, Liew YT, Loong SP, Prepageran N
    Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 2020 Mar;129(3):287-293.
    PMID: 31701754 DOI: 10.1177/0003489419887410
    AIM: Endoscopic endonasal nasopharyngectomy (EEN) for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) is being increasingly used due to the added high magnification, reduced morbidities associated with open procedures and good survival outcomes. Most studies looked at usage of EEN in patients with lower recurrent staging (rT1 and rT2) although more and more surgeons are studying the outcome of EEN in advanced rNPC (rT3 and rT4). The aims of this study were to report the long-term 5-year survival outcome of EEN performed in patients with advanced rNPC, and to determine any prognostic factors for patients' survival.

    METHODS: All patients who underwent EEN for advanced rNPC between January 2003 and December 2015 inclusive were analyzed. All surgeries were performed in University Malaya Medical Centre in Kuala Lumpur and Queen Elizabeth Hospital in Sabah. We reported the 5-year overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) and any related complications and significant prognostic factors.

    RESULTS: Twelve patients with rNPC (2 rT3 and 10 rT4) were followed-up over a mean duration of 44.8 months (range, 40-440 weeks). The 5-year OS was 50.0% (mean 44.75 months), DFS was 25.0% (mean 35.25 months) and the DSS was 58.3% (mean 43.33 months). No severe operative complications were encountered and no independent prognostic factors for survival outcome were identified.

    CONCLUSION: This is the first report in English that exclusively described the long-term 5-year survival data in patients with both rT3 and rT4 recurrent NPC after EEN. The data suggest that EEN is a feasible treatment to improve survival with minimal morbidities in patients with rT3 and rT4 recurrent NPC. However, more studies with larger patient size is recommended.

    Matched MeSH terms: Disease-Free Survival
  13. Combining Understanding of Immunological Mechanisms and Genetic Variants Toward Development of Personalized Medicine for Psoriasis Patients
    Gunter NV, Yap BJM, Chua CLL, Yap WH
    Front Genet, 2019;10:395.
    PMID: 31130981 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00395
    Psoriasis is multifactorial disease with complex genetic predisposition. Recent advances in genetics and genomics analyses have provided many insights into the relationship between specific genetic predisposition and the immunopathological mechanisms driving psoriasis manifestation. Novel approaches which utilize array-based genotyping technologies such as genome-wide association studies and bioinformatics tools for transcriptomics analysis have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms, genes and pathways that are associated with psoriasis. The discovery of these psoriasis-associated susceptibility loci, autoimmune targets and altered signaling pathways have provided opportunities to bridge the gap of knowledge from sequence to consequence, allowing new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of psoriasis to be developed. Here, we discuss recent advances in the field by highlighting how immune functions associated with psoriasis susceptibility loci may contribute to disease pathogenesis in different populations. Understanding the genetic variations in psoriasis and how these may influence the immunological pathways to cause disease will contribute to the efforts in developing novel and targeted personalized therapies for psoriasis patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genetic Predisposition to Disease
  14. New lymantriidae record for Peninsular Malaysia: Toxoproctis Hemibathes (Swinhoe)
    Norela Sulaiman, Mohd Faizal Rus Rzerli, Maimon Abdullah
    Sains Malaysiana, 2011;40:1179-1186.
    This paper reports on a new record of the itch moth from the family Lymantriidae, Toxoproctis hemibathes (Swinhoe), for Peninsular Malaysia. The islands of Sumatera and Borneo are known to be within the geographical range of Lymantriidae, their habitat preference being the wetland and coastal forests. Our study showed that this species can also erupt in large numbers in specific locations in the southern parts of Peninsular Malaysia and thus, our finding is considered a new record for T. hemibathes (Swinhoe). This specimens were collected using portable ultra violet (UV) light trap during a population outbreak of this species in the Labis District of Johore.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  15. Scopolamine, a Toxin-Induced Experimental Model, Used for Research in Alzheimer's Disease
    Chen WN, Yeong KY
    CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets, 2020;19(2):85-93.
    PMID: 32056532 DOI: 10.2174/1871527319666200214104331
    Scopolamine as a drug is often used to treat motion sickness. Derivatives of scopolamine have also found applications as antispasmodic drugs among others. In neuroscience-related research, it is often used to induce cognitive disorders in experimental models as it readily permeates the bloodbrain barrier. In the context of Alzheimer's disease, its effects include causing cholinergic dysfunction and increasing amyloid-β deposition, both of which are hallmarks of the disease. Hence, the application of scopolamine in Alzheimer's disease research is proven pivotal but seldom discussed. In this review, the relationship between scopolamine and Alzheimer's disease will be delineated through an overall effect of scopolamine administration and its specific mechanisms of action, discussing mainly its influences on cholinergic function and amyloid cascade. The validity of scopolamine as a model of cognitive impairment or neurotoxin model will also be discussed in terms of advantages and limitations with future insights.
    Matched MeSH terms: Alzheimer Disease
  16. The electronic song "Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites" reduces host attack and mating success in the dengue vector Aedes aegypti
    Dieng H, The CC, Satho T, Miake F, Wydiamala E, Kassim NFA, et al.
    Acta Trop, 2019 Jun;194:93-99.
    PMID: 30922800 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2019.03.027
    Sound and its reception are crucial for reproduction, survival, and population maintenance of many animals. In insects, low-frequency vibrations facilitate sexual interactions, whereas noise disrupts the perception of signals from conspecifics and hosts. Despite evidence that mosquitoes respond to sound frequencies beyond fundamental ranges, including songs, and that males and females need to struggle to harmonize their flight tones, the behavioral impacts of music as control targets remain unexplored. In this study, we examined the effects of electronic music (Scary Monsters and Nice Sprites by Skrillex) on foraging, host attack, and sexual activities of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti. Adults were presented with two sound environments (music-off or music-on). Discrepancies in visitation, blood feeding, and copulation patterns were compared between environments with and without music. Ae. aegypti females maintained in the music-off environment initiated host visits earlier than those in the music-on environment. They visited the host significantly less often in the music-on than the music-off condition. Females exposed to music attacked hosts much later than their non-exposed peers. The occurrence of blood feeding activity was lower when music was being played. Adults exposed to music copulated far less often than their counterparts kept in an environment where there was no music. In addition to providing insight into the auditory sensitivity of Ae. aegypti to sound, our results indicated the vulnerability of its key vectorial capacity traits to electronic music. The observation that such music can delay host attack, reduce blood feeding, and disrupt mating provides new avenues for the development of music-based personal protective and control measures against Aedes-borne diseases.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Vectors
  17. Notes on smallpox
    Blakemore WL
    Malayan Medical Journal, 1932;7:94-5.
    Matched MeSH terms: Disease Outbreaks
  18. Fulltext Hemolyzed Specimens: Major Challenge for Identifying and Rejecting Specimens in Clinical Laboratories
    Wan Azman WN, Omar J, Koon TS, Tuan Ismail TS
    Oman Med J, 2019 Mar;34(2):94-98.
    PMID: 30918601 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2019.19
    Pre-analytical quality in clinical chemistry testing is as important as analytical and post-analytical quality. The most prevalent pre-analytical interference and a major source of error producing unreliable laboratory test results is hemolysis of blood samples. In vitro hemolysis may be due to the blood withdrawal technique or sample handling whereas in vivo hemolysis can originate from acquired, hereditary, or iatrogenic conditions and is not technique dependent. Interpreting in vivo or in vitro hemolysis requires clinicians to supply reliable clinical history and findings. Even then, to reject or release the result with interpretation is still under debate. Thus, hemolyzed specimens are a serious pre-analytical problem calling for well-designed and strictly implemented laboratory guidelines. The aim of this non-systematic review (addressed to healthcare professionals) was to highlight the challenges in identifying and rejecting hemolysis specimens.
    Matched MeSH terms: Iatrogenic Disease
  19. An unusual tumour of the breast
    Tan KC
    Journal of the Malaya Branch of the British Medical Association, 1938;2:101-2.
    Matched MeSH terms: Fibrocystic Breast Disease
  20. Fulltext Anti-NMDAR Encephalitis in Association with Herpes Simplex Virus and Viral and Bacterial Zoonoses
    Yan Hung SK, Hiew FL, Viswanathan S
    Ann Indian Acad Neurol, 2019 1 30;22(1):102-103.
    PMID: 30692769 DOI: 10.4103/aian.AIAN_232_18
    Multiple co-infections can predispose a patient to autoimmune encephalitis. Out of thirty cases of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis seen at a single tertiary referral center, only two cases of co-infection with NMDAR encephalitis were identified. One of these cases was highly interesting due to the presence of more than one co-infections along with the presence of cortical dysfunction, seizures, and orofacial dyskinesias at the onset in a male in the absence of tumors, which was refractory to initial treatment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hashimoto Disease
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