MyMedR

Displaying all 8 publications

Abstract:

Sort:

Fulltext Design and planning of a nuclear power plant in Malaysia: a feasibility report

Khattak, M. A., Arif, A., Hannan, A., Syukri, F., Hamid, H.

Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2016;3(1):67-76.
MyJurnal

Malaysia is currently planning on building its first nuclear power plant to add on more
variety of national energy mix. This paper is on the study on the feasibility of the plan. We will show
the current and forecast energy demand that make the nuclear power plant as the major solution to
cover the deficit. Malaysia current strategy and action on building the plant will be presented in this
paper. The challenge on delivering this project of energy mix is also a major aspect that will be
discussed. The international and national policy regarding of nuclear power and its waste has provide
a rough guidelines to execute this planning. While existing literature points to a correlation between
nuclear power, strong state involvement, centralized energy planning and the rhetoric linking energy
to national prestige and security, we show that these factors are not sufficient for a successful nuclear
program. Another motivation on pursuing nuclear power is to reduce the carbon emission to the
environment. By the end of this paper, we include the nuclear conventions that Malaysia involve and
future prospect for nuclear power plant development. Copyright © 2016 Penerbit Akademia Baru -
All rights reserved.
Fulltext Common type of turbines in power plant: a review

Khattak, M. A., Mohd Ali, N. S., Zainal Abidin, N. H., Azhar, N. S., Omar, M. H.

Journal of Advanced Research in Applied Sciences and Engineering Technology, 2016;3(1):77-100.
MyJurnal

Most conventional power plants require a turbine as conversion system from various
working fluid like water, gas, steam and wind into mechanical energy that will be used to generate
electricity. In future, the forecast energy usage is higher and thus, to compensate this, the power plant
needs high efficiency of turbine to extract maximum quantity of energy from the working fluid.
Therefore, various improvements on turbine technology has been done and studied. There are four
common type of turbine which is hydraulic turbine, gas turbine, wind turbine and steam turbine that
will reviewed in this paper. Each turbine was differentiating based on their working fluid and different
type of turbine has their own efficiency. There is some parameter that affects the turbine efficiency like
the turbine component, the characteristic of working fluid, materials used, cooling invention and many
more. There is also some future development in progress to enhance the turbine efficiency and thus
increase the amount of electricity produce. The aims for this review paper is to find out the common
type of turbine used in power plant as different power plant needs different type of turbine. About 46
published studies (1939-2016) are reviewed in this paper. By reviewing others research studies
worldwide, this review paper can be taken as a guideline in future regarding to common type of turbines
used in power plant. Copyright © 2016 Penerbit Akademia Baru - All rights reserved.
Response rate of Malaysian blood donors with reactive screening test to transfusion medicine unit calls

Roshan TM, Rosline H, Ahmed SA, Rapiaah M, Khattak MN

Southeast Asian J. Trop. Med. Public Health, 2009 Nov;40(6):1315-21.
PMID: 20578467

Blood donors with reactive screening test results are requested to come in for counseling by letter and telephone call. It has been noticed many donors responded to neither the letters nor the telephone calls. We evaluated 589 cases with reactive screening test results (208 positive for hepatitis C, 209 for hepatitis B, 85 for VDRL and 87 for HIV). In the hepatitis C positive group 61 donors (29.3%) did not respond and 4.7% missed their follow-up appointment. Similarly low response rates were noted with the HBV (58.9%) and VDRL (67.1%) positive groups. Among HIV positive donors 46.0% failed to respond to multiple calls. We conclude that blood donors in Malaysia have a poor response to calls from the blood transfusion unit. A review of the effectiveness of the current deferral system and an increased public knowledge of transmissible infectious diseases may encourage blood donors to have a better response rate.
Hematological reference values of healthy Malaysian population

Roshan TM, Rosline H, Ahmed SA, Rapiaah M, Wan Zaidah A, Khattak MN

Int J Lab Hematol, 2009 Oct;31(5):505-12.
PMID: 18498389 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-553X.2008.01068.x

Health and disease can only be distinguished by accurate and reliable reference values of a particular laboratory test. It is now a proven fact that there is considerable variation in hematology reference intervals depending on the demographic and preanalytical variables. There are evidences that values provided by manufacturers do not have appropriate application for all populations. Moreover, reference ranges provided by different laboratory manuals and books also do not solve this problem. We are presenting here normal reference ranges of Malaysian population. These values were determined by using Sysmex XE-2100 and ACL 9000 hematology and coagulation analyzers. Results from this study showed that there were considerable differences in the reference values from manufacturers, western population or laboratory manuals compared with those from the local population.
Fulltext Mechanism of Fatigue Crack Growth in Biomedical Alloy Ti-27Nb

Amjad M, Badshah S, Rafique AF, Adil Khattak M, Khan RU, Abdullah Harasani WI

Materials (Basel), 2020 May 16;13(10).
PMID: 32429420 DOI: 10.3390/ma13102299

Implants are widely used in the human body for the replacement of affected bones. Fatigue failure is one of the serious concerns for implants. Therefore, understanding of the underlying mechanism leading to fatigue failure is important for the longevity of biomaterial implants. In this paper, the fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth of titanium alloy biomaterial Ti-27Nb has been experimentally investigated. The Ti-27Nb material is tested for fatigue crack growth in different environmental conditions representing the ambient and in vitro environments for 504 hours and 816 hours, respectively. Fractography of the tested specimen is conducted using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results of the fatigue crack growth propagation of the ambient and in vitro samples are similar in the Paris crack growth region. However, in the threshold region, the crack growth rate is higher for the Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) treated specimen. The fracture surface morphology of in vitro samples shows brittle fracture as compared to ambient specimens with significant plasticity and striations marks. It is proposed that a similar investigation may be conducted with specimens treated in SBF for prolonged periods to further ascertain the findings of this study.
Fulltext A Review on the Development of Tunable Graphene Nanoantennas for Terahertz Optoelectronic and Plasmonic Applications

Ullah Z, Witjaksono G, Nawi I, Tansu N, Irfan Khattak M, Junaid M

Sensors (Basel), 2020 Mar 04;20(5).
PMID: 32143388 DOI: 10.3390/s20051401

Exceptional advancement has been made in the development of graphene optical nanoantennas. They are incorporated with optoelectronic devices for plasmonics application and have been an active research area across the globe. The interest in graphene plasmonic devices is driven by the different applications they have empowered, such as ultrafast nanodevices, photodetection, energy harvesting, biosensing, biomedical imaging and high-speed terahertz communications. In this article, the aim is to provide a detailed review of the essential explanation behind graphene nanoantennas experimental proofs for the developments of graphene-based plasmonics antennas, achieving enhanced light-matter interaction by exploiting graphene material conductivity and optical properties. First, the fundamental graphene nanoantennas and their tunable resonant behavior over THz frequencies are summarized. Furthermore, incorporating graphene-metal hybrid antennas with optoelectronic devices can prompt the acknowledgment of multi-platforms for photonics. More interestingly, various technical methods are critically studied for frequency tuning and active modulation of optical characteristics, through in situ modulations by applying an external electric field. Second, the various methods for radiation beam scanning and beam reconfigurability are discussed through reflectarray and leaky-wave graphene antennas. In particular, numerous graphene antenna photodetectors and graphene rectennas for energy harvesting are studied by giving a critical evaluation of antenna performances, enhanced photodetection, energy conversion efficiency and the significant problems that remain to be addressed. Finally, the potential developments in the synthesis of graphene material and technological methods involved in the fabrication of graphene-metal nanoantennas are discussed.
Fulltext Tuberculosis (TB) treatment challenges in TB-diabetes comorbid patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Khattak M, Rehman AU, Muqaddas T, Hussain R, Rasool MF, Saleem Z, et al.

Ann Med, 2024 Dec;56(1):2313683.
PMID: 38346381 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2313683

BACKGROUND: The Directly Observed Treatment-Short Course (DOTS) Programme was implemented by WHO and includes a combination of four anti-tuberculosis (TB) drugs (isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol and rifampicin) for a period of six months to eradicate the TB infection completely. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized as one of a strong contributor of TB according to World Health Organization (WHO). The presence of diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM type 2) makes TB treatment complicated. Thus, the objective of the current meta-analysis was to identify and quantify the impact of type 2 DM on treatment outcomes of TB patients treated under the DOTS Programme.
METHODS: This meta-analysis was performed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Through a systematic review of relevant literature, we focused on studies investigating treatment outcomes including extended treatment duration and recurrence for individuals with both TB and DM undergoing DOTS therapy. The extracted information included study designs, sample sizes, patient characteristics and reported treatment results.
RESULTS: In 44 studies from different parts of the world, the pooled HR for the impact of DM on extended treatment duration and reoccurrence were HR 0.72, 95% CI 0.56-0.83, p
Fulltext The impact of diabetes mellitus on the emergence of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis and treatment failure in TB-diabetes comorbid patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Rehman AU, Khattak M, Mushtaq U, Latif M, Ahmad I, Rasool MF, et al.

Front Public Health, 2023;11:1244450.
PMID: 38074769 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1244450

BACKGROUND: The existence of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) in tuberculosis (TB) patients is very dangerous for the health of patients. One of the major concerns is the emergence of MDR-TB in such patients. It is suspected that the development of MDR-TB further worsens the treatment outcomes of TB such as treatment failure and thus, causes disease progression.
AIM: To investigate the impact of DM on the Emergence of MDR-TB and Treatment Failure in TB-DM comorbid patients.
METHODOLOGY: The PubMed database was systematically searched until April 03, 2022 (date last searched). Thirty studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this study after a proper selection process.
RESULTS: Tuberculosis-Diabetes Mellitus patients were at higher risk to develop MDR-TB as compared to TB-non-DM patients (HR 0.81, 95% CI: 0.60-0.96, p