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Fulltext Herbicide-intercalated zinc layered hydroxide nanohybrid for a dual-guest controlled release formulation

Hussein MZ, Rahman NS, Sarijo SH, Zainal Z

Int J Mol Sci, 2012;13(6):7328-42.
PMID: 22837696 DOI: 10.3390/ijms13067328

Herbicides, namely 4-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy) butyrate (DPBA) and 2-(3-chlorophenoxy) propionate (CPPA), were intercalated simultaneously into the interlayers of zinc layered hydroxide (ZLH) by direct reaction of zinc oxide with both anions under aqueous environment to form a new nanohybrid containing both herbicides labeled as ZCDX. Successful intercalation of both anions simultaneously into the interlayer gallery space of ZLH was studied by PXRD, with basal spacing of 28.7 Å and supported by FTIR, TGA/DTG and UV-visible studies. Simultaneous release of both CPPA and DPBA anions into the release media was found to be governed by a pseudo second-order equation. The loading and percentage release of the DPBA is higher than the CPPA anion, which indicates that the DPBA anion was preferentially intercalated into and released from the ZLH interlayer galleries. This work shows that layered single metal hydroxide, particularly ZLH, is a suitable host for the controlled release formulation of two herbicides simultaneously.
Fulltext Association of ACL Laxity Tests with Arthroscopic Findings in Chronic ACL and PCL Deficient Knees

Sazali S, Rusdi A, Siti HT

Surg J (N Y), 2018 Jan;4(1):e43-e45.
PMID: 29588914 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1637008

An anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury may be diagnosed by clinical examination and radiological investigation using magnetic resonance imaging or by arthroscopy.1,2Based on our experience, the ACL tear in concomitant chronic ACL and posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) deficient knees may produce knee laxity, which is more difficult to assess on clinical examination, which in turn may affect the management algorithm of the patient. Our hypothesis is that, in a concomitant chronic ACL and PCL injury, posterior capsular contracture and abnormal reattachment of torn ACL will result in less clinical and subjective laxity, preoperatively. The aim of this study is to review a cohort of patients who had undergone PCL reconstructive surgery and compare the preoperative clinical assessments with and without anesthesia with arthroscopic finding of ACL. This is to assess the accuracy and reliability of clinical ACL laxity tests in detecting ACL tear in chronic ACL and PCL injury.
Short-term functional outcomes of a delayed single-stage reconstruction of chronic posterior cruciate ligament and posterolateral corner deficiency

Rusdi A, Shahrulazua A, Siti HT, Nizlan NM

Clin Ter, 2014;165(1):e28-34.
PMID: 24589957 DOI: 10.7471/CT.2014.1668

AIMS: To evaluate the functional outcomes of a delayed (>6 months post-injury) and combined reconstruction of grade III posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) and grade III posterolateral corner (PLC) deficiencies.
PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between March 2006 and October 2009, a delayed surgery consisting of arthroscopically-assisted PCL reconstruction and open reconstruction of the PLC was performed on 19 men and 2 women (average age, 29 years). The mean time-to-surgery was 18 months (range, 7-51 months) and duration of follow-up was 22 months (range, 12-48 months). Postoperatively, patients were evaluated using Lysholm score, Tegner activity score, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective and objective scores.
RESULTS: At the final follow-up, majority of the knees (61.9%) achieved either normal or nearly normal rating objective IKDC score. The means of IKDC subjective score, Lysholm score and Tegner activity level were 62.09, 74.35 and 5.14 respectively. One patient was able to participate in competitive sport, 5 patients were able to be involved in recreational sports for at least 5 times per week, 10 patients were able to perform heavy labour and recreational sports for at least twice weekly, 4 patients were able to engage in moderately heavy labour work and one patient was only able to perform light labour work. There was no significant statistical association found between the time-to-surgery and the final patients' outcomes.
CONCLUSIONS: A delayed simultaneous reconstruction of chronic grade III PCL and PLC deficiencies can restore sufficient function for standard daily and recreational sports activities to the patients.
Effects of ranibizumab on TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 production by human Tenon's fibroblasts: An in vitro study

Noh SM, Abdul Kadir SH, Crowston JG, Subrayan V, Vasudevan S

Mol Vis, 2015;21:1191-200.
PMID: 26539031

Inhibiting exaggerated wound healing responses, which are primarily mediated by human Tenon's fibroblast (HTF) migration and proliferation, has become the major determining factor for a successful trabeculectomy. Antivascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) has showed promising results as a potential antifibrotic candidate for use concurrently in trabeculectomy. Preliminary cohort studies have revealed improved bleb morphology following trabeculectomy augmented with ranibizumab. However, the effects on HTFs remain unclear. This study was conducted to understand the effects of ranibizumab on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β2 expression by HTFs.
Fulltext Ability of ChatGPT to generate competent radiology reports for distal radius fracture by use of RSNA template items and integrated AO classifier

Bosbach WA, Senge JF, Nemeth B, Omar SH, Mitrakovic M, Beisbart C, et al.

Curr Probl Diagn Radiol, 2024;53(1):102-110.
PMID: 37263804 DOI: 10.1067/j.cpradiol.2023.04.001

The amount of acquired radiology imaging studies grows worldwide at a rapid pace. Novel information technology tools for radiologists promise an increase of reporting quality and as well quantity at the same time. Automated text report drafting is one branch of this development. We defined for the present study in total 9 cases of distal radius fracture. Command files structured according to a template of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA) and to Arbeitsgemeinschaft Osteosynthese (AO) classifiers were given as input to the natural language processing tool ChatGPT. ChatGPT was tasked with drafting an appropriate radiology report. A parameter study (n = 5 iterations) was performed. An overall high appraisal of ChatGPT radiology report quality was obtained in a score card based assessment. ChatGPT demonstrates the capability to adjust output files in response to minor changes in input command files. Existing shortcomings were found in technical terminology and medical interpretation of findings. Text drafting tools might well support work of radiologists in the future. They would allow a radiologist to focus time on the observation of image details and patient pathology. ChatGPT can be considered a substantial step forward towards that aim.
Effects of ranibizumab on the extracellular matrix production by human Tenon's fibroblast

Md Noh SM, Sheikh Abdul Kadir SH, Bannur ZM, Froemming GA, Abdul Hamid Hasani N, Mohd Nawawi H, et al.

Exp Eye Res, 2014 Oct;127:236-42.
PMID: 25139730 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2014.08.005

Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors (Anti-VEGF) agents have received recent interest as potential anti-fibrotic agents for their concurrent use with trabeculectomy. Preliminary cohort studies have revealed improved bleb morphology following trabeculectomy augmented with ranibizumab. The effects of this humanized monoclonal antibody on human Tenon's fibroblast (HTF), the key player of post trabeculectomy scar formation, are not fully understood. This study was conducted to understand the effects of ranibizumab on extracellular matrix production by HTF. The effect of ranibizumab on HTF proliferation and cell viability was determined using MTT assay (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazone-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium). Ranibizumab at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 0.5 mg/mL were administered for 24, 48 and 72 h in serum and serum free conditions. Supernatants and cell lysates from samples were assessed for collagen type 1 alpha 1 and fibronectin mRNA and protein level using quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After 48-h, ranibizumab at 0.5 mg/mL, significantly induced cell death under serum-free culture conditions (p
The ideal measurement of the quality of life in post stroke patients: an urban study

Samsiah M, Das S, Chee SY, Rashidah R, Siti H, Ruth P, et al.

Clin Ter, 2011;162(3):209-15.
PMID: 21717044

There is paucity of literature on the measurement of the quality of life in post stroke patients in the developing countries. The main objective of this study was to determine the quality of life (QOL) of post stroke patients.
Fulltext Acromion Morphology of Patients with Rotator Cuff Disease in Standard AP Shoulder Radiograph in Hospital Sultanah Bahiyah and Hospital Kuala Lumpur

Leong YC, Yeoh CW, Azman MI, Juhari MS, Siti HT

Malays Orthop J, 2022 Nov;16(3):50-54.
PMID: 36589379 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2211.009

INTRODUCTION: Rotator cuff pathology is commonly attributed to acromion morphology that is demonstrable in standard AP shoulder radiographs by measuring the critical shoulder angle (CSA), the lateral acromial angle (LAA), and the acromial index (AI). However, these parameters vary among races and countries. Therefore, our study aimed to get the local data on acromion morphology in patients with rotator cuff disease.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: MRI shoulder reports between January 2012 and June 2018 were reviewed. The study group consisted of 47 patients with rotator cuff injury with a partial or complete tear, and a control group of 37 patients with tendinitis or osteoarthritis and intact rotator cuffs. The CSA, LAA, and AI of both groups were measured on the anteroposterior shoulder radiograph. The risk factors for both groups and the acromion morphology were recorded.
RESULTS: The CSA for the rotator cuff tear and the control group was 39.08° and 38.28°, LAA was 72.57 ° and 73.51°, and AI was 0.79 and 0.75. The acromion morphology differed in terms of gender, and only LAA was different among the different ethnic groups. There was a negative correlation between age and CSA, age and AI, LAA and CSA, LAA and AI, but a positive correlation between AI and CSA.
CONCLUSION: The CSA for rotator cuff tear patients in our population was 39.08°, LAA was 72.57°, and AI was 0.79. The acromion morphology was significantly influenced by age and gender.
Fulltext Saffron (Crocus sativus L.): As an Antidepressant

Siddiqui MJ, Saleh MSM, Basharuddin SNBB, Zamri SHB, Mohd Najib MHB, Che Ibrahim MZB, et al.

J Pharm Bioallied Sci, 2018 12 21;10(4):173-180.
PMID: 30568374 DOI: 10.4103/JPBS.JPBS_83_18

Saffron, Crocus sativus (Iridaceae), is a perennial herb, which earned its popularity as both medicine and spice. It is an inhabitant of different mountainous regions of Asia Minor to Greece, Western Asia, Egypt, and India. The benefits of saffron as an antidepressant are well-documented. Almost 150 volatile and nonvolatile compounds are obtained from the chemical analysis of this plant. Fewer than 50 constituents elucidated and identified so far showed phytochemical characteristics. The major bioactive compounds identified are safranal, crocin, and picrocrocin, which are responsible for its aroma as well as its bitter taste. This review is an attempt to encompass the methods of analysis and pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of saffron followed by its efficacious and safe potential.
Fulltext Comparison of the Microbiological Quality and Safety between Conventional and Organic Vegetables Sold in Malaysia

Kuan CH, Rukayadi Y, Ahmad SH, Wan Mohamed Radzi CWJ, Thung TY, Premarathne JMKJK, et al.

Front Microbiol, 2017;8:1433.
PMID: 28824567 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01433

Given the remarkable increase of public interest in organic food products, it is indeed critical to evaluate the microbiological risk associated with consumption of fresh organic produce. Organic farming practices including the use of animal manures may increase the risk of microbiological contamination as manure can act as a vehicle for transmission of foodborne pathogens. This study aimed to determine and compare the microbiological status between organic and conventional fresh produce at the retail level in Malaysia. A total of 152 organic and conventional vegetables were purchased at retail markets in Malaysia. Samples were analyzed for mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeasts and molds, and total coliforms using conventional microbiological methods. Combination methods of most probable number-multiplex polymerase chain reaction (MPN-mPCR) were used to detect and quantify foodborne pathogens, including Escherichia coli O157:H7, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella Typhimurium, and Salmonella Enteritidis. Results indicated that most types of organic and conventional vegetables possessed similar microbial count (P > 0.05) of mesophilic aerobic bacteria, yeasts and molds, and total coliforms. E. coli O157:H7 and S. Typhimurium were not detected in any sample analyzed in this study. Among the 152 samples tested, only the conventional lettuce and organic carrot were tested positive for STEC and S. Enteritidis, respectively. L. monocytogenes were more frequently detected in both organic (9.1%) and conventional vegetables (2.7%) as compared to E. coli O157:H7, S. Typhimurium, and S. Enteritidis. Overall, no trend was shown that either organically or conventionally grown vegetables have posed greater microbiological risks. These findings indicated that one particular type of farming practices would not affect the microbiological profiles of fresh produce. Therefore, regardless of farming methods, all vegetables should be subjected to appropriate post-harvest handling practices from farm to fork to ensure the quality and safety of the fresh produce.