MyMedR

Fulltext X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets--a report of 2 cases and review of literature

Yong SM, Aik S

Med J Malaysia, 2000 Sep;55 Suppl C:101-4.

PMID: 11200035

We report two cases of x-linked dominant hypophosphatemic rickets involving a man and his daughter. The family tree consists of 44 members with 13 of them having short stature and bowing of the lower limbs. The study of this family tree strongly suggests an x-linked dominant inheritance.

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in Malaysians

Yong SL, Prathap K

Aust N Z J Surg, 1977 Apr;47(2):216-20.

PMID: 267467

Eight cases of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis occurring in an oriental population are reported. The patients were mostly middle-aged, and there was a female preponderence. Nephrectomy controlled the disease in all cases. Diagnosis on clinical and radiological grounds is difficult, and it is often only made on pathological examination of the kidney after nephrectomy. The nature of the disease remains obscure.

Pseudohypoparathyroidism: A case of hypocalcemia and hypothyroidism diagnosed during the postpartum period

Lim KP, Yong SL

Malays Fam Physician, 2019;14(1):31-34.

PMID: 31289630

We describe a 29-year-old Para 1 post-Emergency Lower Segment Caesarean Section (EMLSCS) for fetal distress and Preterm Rupture of the Membrane (PROM) referred by the Obstetric team for persistent bradycardia. She had the typical features of Albright's Hereditary Osteodystrophy (AHO). The laboratory investigation revealed hypocalcemia, hyperphosphatemia with a high Parathyroid hormone (PTH) level and low free Thyroxine 4 (fT4) with high Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH). The patient was diagnosed with Pseudohypoparathyroidism (PHP) Type 1A associated with TSH resistance based on the somatic features of AHO present as well as biochemical and radiological abnormalities.

Incidence of nasal trauma associated with nasal prong versus nasal mask during continuous positive airway pressure treatment in very low birthweight infants: a randomised control study

Yong SC, Chen SJ, Boo NY

Arch. Dis. Child. Fetal Neonatal Ed., 2005 Nov;90(6):F480-3.

PMID: 15941825

To compare the incidence of nasal trauma associated with the use of prong or mask during nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) support in very low birthweight (<1501 g) infants.

Fulltext The effect of a user-guided request form for chest radiographs in a neonatal intensive care unit

Lai MW, Yong SC, Boo NY

Med J Malaysia, 2004 Dec;59(5):598-603.

PMID: 15889561

The objectives of this prospective, observational study were to determine the current indications of requesting chest radiograph in sick infants in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and the effect of a user-guided request form for chest radiographs of sick infants. During the three-month study period, a total of 423 chest radiographs were requested on 159 sick newborn infants in the intensive area of this NICU. A majority (55.6%) of these chest radiographs were performed to verify positions tips of either central catheters (27.4%) or endotracheal tubes (28.1%). The number of chest radiographs done during the period when the user-guided request forms were utilised was significantly lower (1.24 per patient) than before (1.37 per patient) or after (1.58 per patients) the period when these forms were in use (p=0.01). The rate of radiological abnormalities detected in radiographs requested to verify position of tips of endotracheal tubes were significantly greater during the period when user-guided forms were used than when they were not (p=0.01). A significantly higher proportion of changes in management were instituted when the user-guided forms were in use than during the period when they were not used (p=0.03). We conclude that a user-guided radiographic request form helps doctors in NICU to carry out their management more effectively.

Fulltext Osteomyelitis: An Uncommon Complication of BCG Vaccination

Pancharatnam D, Yong SM, Tan SC

Malays Orthop J, 2021 Mar;15(1):144-145.

PMID: 33880166 DOI: 10.5704/MOJ.2103.026

Fulltext Gender and age effects on dental and palatal arch dimensions among full siblings

Mei YS, Syed Mohamed AMF, Marizan Nor M, Rosli TI

J Oral Sci, 2023 Oct 01;65(4):237-242.

PMID: 37612067 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.23-0043

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to investigate the dental and palatal arch dimensions of male and female siblings in relation to gender and age, using three-dimensional (3D) digital casts.

METHODS: This study involved 54 subjects (27 pairs) of male-female siblings aged 15 to 45 years. Dental casts were digitized and analyzed for tooth size (TS), arch width (AW), arch length (AL), arch length discrepancy (ALD), and palatal arch dimensions (PAD). The data obtained were subjected to t-tests, and the palatal curvature (PC) was modeled using a fourth-order polynomial.

RESULTS: Significant differences (P < 0.05) between the sexes were found in the mesiodistal TS, particularly in all canines, as well as 16, 36, 46, and 41. Maxillary AW and AL were also significantly (P < 0.05) influenced by sexes. Most arch parameters were more prominent in male siblings, and the effect of age on PC differed between the sexes. In addition, the PC of adolescent females was mostly superimposed on adult females relative to males.

CONCLUSION: Among siblings, males were found to have significantly larger dental arch dimensions than females. Furthermore, PC showed some differences between the sexes in both the frontal and sagittal planes.

Adsorption of humic acid from aqueous solutions on crosslinked chitosan-epichlorohydrin beads: kinetics and isotherm studies

Wan Ngah WS, Hanafiah MA, Yong SS

Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2008 Aug 1;65(1):18-24.

PMID: 18359205 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2008.02.007

The adsorption of humic acid on crosslinked chitosan-epichlorohydrin (chitosan-ECH) beads was investigated. Chitosan-ECH beads were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), surface area and pore size analyses, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Batch adsorption experiments were carried out and optimum humic acid adsorption on chitosan-ECH beads occurred at pH 6.0, agitation rate of 300 rpm and contact time of 50 min. Adsorption equilibrium isotherms were analyzed by Langmuir and Freundlich models. Freundlich model was found to show the best fit for experimental data while the maximum adsorption capacity determined from Langmuir model was 44.84 mg g(-1). The adsorption of humic acid on chitosan-ECH beads was best described with pseudo-first-order kinetic model. For desorption study, more than 60% of humic acid could be desorbed from the adsorbent using 1.0M HCl for 180 min.

Fulltext Real-time PCR detection of male-specific coliphages

Yong SF, Ngeow YF, Tong YK, Ong JT

Malays J Pathol, 2006 Dec;28(2):79-82.

PMID: 18376795 MyJurnal

Male-specific coliphages are often used as indicators of contamination by enteric viruses. These phages can be detected in water samples by plaque assays and by polymerase chain reaction. In this study, the M13 coliphage was used to develop a real-time PCR assay for the detection of male-specific DNA coliphages. The real-time PCR was found to have a reaction efficiency of 1.45 and detection limit of 10(-3) plaque forming units per reaction mix. Repeated amplification and melting curve analyses demonstrated high specificity and reproducibility of the real-time assay. Quantitative detection with the real-time PCR should allow rapid assessment of the level of viral contamination in water.

Fulltext Turn-around-time of radiographs in a neonatal intensive care unit

Rohana J, Boo NY, Yong SC, Ong LC

Med J Malaysia, 2005 Aug;60(3):338-44.

PMID: 16379189 MyJurnal

A quality assurance study was carried out prospectively in two phases at the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Hospital Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia. The objectives of the study were to determine the turn-around-time (TAT) of radiographs requested for infants undergoing intensive care treatment in the NICU and the effects of a standard operating procedure introduced based on initial findings of first phase of the study on subsequent TAT. The TAT was defined as the time taken for the radiograph to be ready for viewing after the attending doctor had requested for it to be done on an infant. During phase one of the study, none of the requested radiographs was ready to be viewed by the doctors within the standard TAT of 45 minutes. The problems identified were ward staffs delay in sending request forms to the radiology department, radiographers' delay in shooting and processing the films, and delay by NICU porter in collecting the processed films. Based on these findings, a standard operating procedure (SOP) was drawn up jointly by the staff of NICU and Department of Radiology. During phase two of the study conducted at one month after implementation of the SOP, there was a reduction of TAT by 50%. However, only 3 (4.3%) of the radiographs achieved the standard TAT. The main problems identified during phase two were delay in sending request forms and in collecting processed radiographs by the porter system. The dismal TAT of radiographs in NICU was related primarily to human behaviour. Besides continuous staff education, replacement of the porter system with electronic system may improve the TAT.
Keywords: Turn-around time, radiographs, neonatal intensive care unit, standard operating procedure, Kuala Lumpur

A case of neonatal testicular torsion

Wong CY, Yong SC, Boo NY, Phang KS

Hosp Med, 2005 Jun;66(6):368-9.

PMID: 15974173 DOI: 10.12968/hmed.2005.66.6.18409

Successful clot lysis using low dose of streptokinase in 22 neonates with aortic thromboses

Cheah FC, Boo NY, Rohana J, Yong SC

J Paediatr Child Health, 2001 Oct;37(5):479-82.

PMID: 11885713

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether intravenous infusion of low dose of streptokinase was effective in lysing umbilical arterial catheter (UAC)-associated aortic thrombi.

METHOD: A prospective cohort study of 31 consecutive newborn infants with UAC-associated aortic thrombi which were detected by abdominal ultrasonography after removal of UAC. Twenty-two infants were treated with intravenous infusion of low dose (1000 U/h) streptokinase, while nine others were not treated due to various contra-indications. Thrombolysis occurred after a mean interval of 2.2 days (standard deviation (SD) = 1.8) in the treated infants. In the untreated infants, spontaneous thrombolysis occurred significantly later, after a mean interval of 16.9 days (SD = 14.7) (95% confidence intervals of difference between mean intervals - 26.0, - 3.4; P = 0.02). Only one treated infant developed mild bleeding directly attributed to streptokinase therapy.

CONCLUSION: Low dose streptokinase infusion was effective and safe in thrombolysing UAC-associated aortic thrombi.

Fulltext Cholestatic fibrosing hepatitis and hepatitis B after bone marrow transplantation

Suresh RL, Merican I, Chang KM, Yong SM, Purusothaman V

Med J Malaysia, 2001 Dec;56(4):508-11.

PMID: 12014774

In the setting of transplantation and chronic hepatitis B viral infection there is a unique histological feature termed cholestatic fibrosing hepatitis. The use of nucleoside analogues in the treatment of this condition has been successful. We describe a case of cholestatic fibrosing hepatitis, which occurred after intense immunosuppression for graft versus host disease in a patient with bone marrow transplantations. She was commenced on lamivudine therapy and showed good clinical, biochemical and virological response. However she succumbed due to sepsis.

Giant epithelial nonparasitic splenic cyst a pre-operative diagnosis dilemma: A case report

Soo WT, Lau KS, Yong SG, Soon KC

Med J Malaysia, 2021 07;76(4):597-599.

PMID: 34305129

Giant splenic cyst is rare disorder affecting the spleen. As the occurrence is so in-frequent that the diagnosis preoperatively remains a challenge. We report a 12-year-old boy who presented to Sarawak General Hospital, Malaysia with left upper abdominal pain initially mistaken as a complex left liver cyst. He underwent surgery which turned out to be a giant splenic cyst and underwent laparotomy and total splenectomy. He was discharged well and remains asymptomatic after 6 months postoperative follow up.

Fulltext The usefulness of early ultrasonography, electroencephalography and clinical parameters in predicting adverse outcomes in asphyxiated term infants

Ong LC, Kanaheswari Y, Chandran V, Rohana J, Yong SC, Boo NY

Singapore Med J, 2009 Jul;50(7):705-9.

PMID: 19644627

The early identification of asphyxiated infants at high risk of adverse outcomes and the early selection of those who might benefit from neuroprotective therapies are required. A prospective observational study was conducted to determine if there were any early clinical, neuroimaging or neurophysiological parameters that might predict the outcome in term newborns with asphyxia.

Fulltext Inhaled nitric oxide and intravenous magnesium sulphate for the treatment of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn

Boo NY, Rohana J, Yong SC, Bilkis AZ, Yong-Junina F

Singapore Med J, 2010 Feb;51(2):144-50.

PMID: 20358154

The aim of this study was to compare the response and survival rates of term infants with persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN) on high frequency oscillatory ventilation (HFOV) treated with either inhaled nitric oxide (iNO) or intravenous magnesium sulphate (MgSO4).

Fulltext Transient abnormal myelopoeisis in newborns with Down syndrome

Zarina AL, Hamidah A, Yong SC, Rohana J, Hamidah NH, Azma RZ, et al.

Malays J Pathol, 2007 Dec;29(2):107-11.

PMID: 19108403 MyJurnal

Transient abnormal myelopoeisis (TAM) is a haematological phenomenon commonly seen in newborns with Down syndrome. Although the majority show spontaneous resolution, this condition should not be dismissed too readily as there have been associated fatalities. Furthermore, even for those who do show spontaneous resolution, a significant percentage will develop acute megakaryoblastic leukaemia within the next few years of life. We report a series of four patients with TAM who presented with hepatosplenomegaly and leucocytosis detected on preliminary investigations.

Fulltext Unbalanced chromosomal translocation: a cause of recurrent spontaneous abortion

Zarina AL, Jamil MA, Ng SP, Rohana J, Yong SC, Salwati S, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2006 Jun;61(2):260-2.

PMID: 16898328 MyJurnal

Recurrent spontaneous abortion, defined as three consecutive abortions, occurs in approximately 1% to 2% of couples. Although the cause is unknown in up to 50% of cases, about 5% of these couples are found to be a balanced translocation carrier. We report a case in which the mother was identified to be a translocation carrier following the birth of a baby with multiple congenital abnormalities.

Preliminary observation on the lepidopteran colonization on rat and rabbit carcasses in Malaysia

Singh S, Yong SK, Jalaludin NH, Brau E, Shamsudin NN, Keawbaingam N, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2020 Dec 01;37(4):1146-1151.

PMID: 33612767 DOI: 10.47665/tb.37.4.1146

The immature stages of necrophagous insects such as Diptera and Coleoptera play a vital ecological role in carrion decomposition. These invertebrates reduce the necromass significantly through consumption and recycle nutrients into organic forms which are readily being used by autotrophs or served as an abiotic storage in the soil ecosystem. Fly and beetle larvae are frequently encountered decomposers on ephemeral resource patches; however, lepidopterans associated with carrion decomposition is seldom reported. Here, we report colonization of Monopis sp. (Tineidae) and an unknown species of Psychidae on a rat carcass, and a Lithosiini caterpillar (Arctiidae) on a rabbit carcass in Peninsular Malaysia for the first time. The feeding behaviour and their potential forensic implications are discussed.

First observation of Afromorgus chinensis (boheman, 1858) (Coleoptera: Trogidae) on a rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus L., 1758) carcass and its implications in forensic entomology

Singh S, Yong SK, Rahimi R, Singh MKC, Low VL, Pittino R, et al.

Trop Biomed, 2023 Sep 01;40(3):370-374.

PMID: 37897172 DOI: 10.47665/tb.40.3.015

Beetles (Coleoptera) are known to constitute forensic evidence in medico-legal investigations as their presence can be used to date human remains in almost all decomposition stages. Many forensic studies focus on the successional colonization pattern of flies (Diptera); however, beetles have not so far been studied extensively for this aspect. A beetle of the genus Afromorgus Scholtz, 1986, A. chinensis (Boheman, 1858) (Scarabaeoidea: Trogidae), was found beneath a late decaying rabbit carcass at Paya Indah Wetland, Dengkil, Malaysia, for the first time. Both genus and species are already known to occur in Malaysia from literature.

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