Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 1065 in total

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  1. Chin GH, Choy YW
    Family Practitioner, 1988;11:88-88.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma
  2. Mancer K
    Family Physician, 1989;1:49-55.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma
  3. Siti Aishah MA, Tham KY
    Family Physician, 1989;1:44-46.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma
  4. Balasegaram M
    Family Practitioner, 1986;9(1):19-24.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Hepatocellular*
  5. Abunasser BS, Al-Hiealy MRJ, Zaqout IS, Abu-Naser SS
    Asian Pac J Cancer Prev, 2023 Feb 01;24(2):531-544.
    PMID: 36853302 DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2023.24.2.531
    OBJECTIVE: Early detection and precise diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) plays an essential part in enhancing the diagnosis and improving the breast cancer survival rate of patients from 30 to 50%. Through the advances of technology in healthcare, deep learning takes a significant role in handling and inspecting a great number of X-ray, MRI, CTR images.  The aim of this study is to propose a deep learning model (BCCNN) to detect and classify breast cancers into eight classes: benign adenosis (BA), benign fibroadenoma (BF), benign phyllodes tumor (BPT), benign tubular adenoma (BTA), malignant ductal carcinoma (MDC), malignant lobular carcinoma (MLC), malignant mucinous carcinoma (MMC), and malignant papillary carcinoma (MPC).

    METHODS: Breast cancer MRI images were classified into BA, BF, BPT, BTA, MDC, MLC, MMC, and MPC using a proposed Deep Learning model with additional 5 fine-tuned Deep learning models consisting of Xception, InceptionV3, VGG16, MobileNet and ResNet50 trained on ImageNet database. The dataset was collected from Kaggle depository for breast cancer detection and classification. That Dataset was boosted using GAN technique. The images in the dataset have 4 magnifications (40X, 100X, 200X, 400X, and Complete Dataset). Thus we evaluated the proposed Deep Learning model and 5 pre-trained models using each dataset individually. That means we carried out a total of 30 experiments. The measurement that was used in the evaluation of all models includes: F1-score, recall, precision, accuracy.

    RESULTS: The classification F1-score accuracies of Xception, InceptionV3, ResNet50, VGG16, MobileNet, and Proposed Model (BCCNN) were 97.54%, 95.33%, 98.14%, 97.67%, 93.98%, and 98.28%, respectively.

    CONCLUSION: Dataset Boosting, preprocessing and balancing played a good role in enhancing the detection and classification of breast cancer of the proposed model (BCCNN) and the fine-tuned pre-trained models' accuracies greatly. The best accuracies were attained when the 400X magnification of the MRI images due to their high images resolution.

    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Papillary*; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast*; Carcinoma, Lobular*
  6. Viswanathan G, Chung LY, Srinivas UK
    Nutr Cancer, 2021;73(9):1780-1791.
    PMID: 32875900 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1811883
    Curcumin, the yellow pigment derived from turmeric rhizomes, exhibits antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticancer properties. We have previously reported in a study that curcumin could induce differentiation in embryonal carcinoma cell (EC). EC cells are the primary constituents of teratocarcinoma tumors, and hence differentiating them to a non-proliferative cell type may be useful in anticancer therapies. Here, we conducted a detailed study using various molecular approaches to characterize this differentiation at the cellular and molecular levels. The cells were treated with 20 µM curcumin, which was the optimal concentration to produce the highest amount of differentiated cells. Changes in protein and RNA expression, membrane dynamics, and migration of these cells after treatment with curcumin were then studied in a time-dependent manner. The differentiated cells were morphologically distinct from the precursor cells, and gene expression profiles were altered in curcumin-treated cells. Curcumin promoted cell motility and cell adhesion. Curcumin also induced changes in membrane fluidity and the lateral mobility of lipids in the plasma membrane. The findings of this study suggest that curcumin might have therapeutic potential in differentiation therapy for the treatment of teratocarcinomas or germ cell tumors (GCTs) such as testicular and ovarian GCTs.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Embryonal*; Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells
  7. RODDIE TW
    Med J Malaya, 1956 Dec;11(2):112-5.
    PMID: 13417933
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*
  8. Sama Naziyah Shaban, Solachuddin Icwan, Muhamamd Taher Bakhtiar
    MyJurnal
    Squamous cell carcinoma is reported as one of the most common types of cancer with
    increasing numbers of occurrence. Luvunga scandens is a plant possessing many bioactivities and
    general health effects, yet its anti-proliferative effect is under reported and need to be
    scientifically evaluated. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
  9. Ng BHK, Tang IP
    Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2019 Oct;71(Suppl 1):731-733.
    PMID: 31742052 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-018-1523-0
    Adenoid cystic carcinomas are tumors that are more commonly seen in the salivary glands than in the nasopharynx. Nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinomas are rare and cases that are reported in the literatures are few. Treatment is mainly by surgical resection. Here, we report 2 cases of nasopharyngeal adenoid cystic carcinoma.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic
  10. WILLIS GC, SIANG SC
    Med J Malaya, 1960 Mar;14:166-76.
    PMID: 13785569
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma*
  11. Ramanathan K
    Dent J Malaysia Singapore, 1972 May;12(1):3-8.
    PMID: 4507357
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology
  12. MARSDEN AT
    Schweiz Z Pathol Bakteriol, 1955;18(4):644-7.
    PMID: 13267428
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma*
  13. Mat Lazim N, Elliott M, Wykes J, Clark J
    ANZ J Surg, 2021 Dec;91(12):2617-2623.
    PMID: 33634950 DOI: 10.1111/ans.16622
    Historically, patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with distant metastases were regarded as palliative. Oligometastasis (OM) refers to patients with a limited number of distant metastatic deposits. Treatment of patients with OMs has been reported in patients with lung, colon, breast, prostate and brain malignancies. Selected patients with oligometastatic HNSCC have a higher probability of durable disease control and cure and these patients should be treated aggressively. Treatment options for patients with HNSCC OMs include single or combinations of the three arms of cancer treatment, that is surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy/immunotherapy. To date, there are limited studies reporting the management of OM with head and neck malignancy. This review will give insights into the management of OMs in HNSCC.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma*
  14. Chaubal TV, Bapat RA
    N Engl J Med, 2017 Sep 21;377(12):1188.
    PMID: 28930502 DOI: 10.1056/NEJMicm1701886
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell*
  15. Mahmud KA, Ghazali FNF, Zahari MNI, Halim HA, Khalid AK, Toh ST, et al.
    J Robot Surg, 2023 Apr;17(2):613-618.
    PMID: 36183030 DOI: 10.1007/s11701-022-01456-z
    Transoral robotic surgery is a minimally invasive surgical technique that recently debuted in Malaysia. However, there are concerns over its cost, practicality, and feasibility in local settings. Our study aims to evaluate the surgical outcomes of transoral robotic surgery and discuss its learning curves. The clinical records of all patients who underwent transoral robotic surgery in a university hospital were reviewed. 25 patients were identified with a mean age of 43.9 years. The commonest indication was obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) (76%), followed by base of tongue carcinoma (16%), recurrent tonsilitis and Wharton's duct cyst (4% each). For excision of tongue base in obstructive sleep apnoea without epiglottectomy, the mean operating time was 2.3(±0.9) hours with an average of 2.8(±0.4) days of hospital stay. The success rate for OSA surgery was seen in 78.9% of cases. The mean operating time for transoral excision of tongue base carcinoma was 4.3(±2.5) hours, whereas the mean hospital stay was 9(±3.6) days. All surgical margins were cleared with no recurrence except for one patient. The recurrent tumour was successfully excised via transoral robotic surgery, and he remained disease free after one year. The most frequent post-operative complaints were dysphagia, post-nasal drip, and hypogeusia. Transoral robotic surgery in Malaysia is in the commencement phase, where some pitfalls are expected. Opportunities should be given for more surgeons to acquire this technique so that minimally invasive surgery for head and neck diseases is readily available for patients in middle-income countries.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma*
  16. Yap LS, Lee WL, Ting ASY
    Prep Biochem Biotechnol, 2023;53(6):653-671.
    PMID: 36137173 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2022.2122064
    L-asparaginase is an enzyme commonly used to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Commercialized bacterial L-asparaginase has been reported to cause several life-threatening complications during treatment, hence the need to seek alternative sources of L-asparaginase. In this study, the novelty of upstream and downstream bioprocessing of L-asparaginase from a fungal endophyte, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, and the cytotoxicity evaluation was demonstrated. Six variables (carbon source and concentration, nitrogen source and concentration, incubation period, temperature, pH and agitation rate) known to influence L-asparaginase production were studied using One-Factor-At-A-Time (OFAT) approach, with four significant variables further optimized using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The crude extract produced using optimized condition was purified, characterized and examined for its anticancer effect. Purification of fungal L-asparaginase was performed via ultrafiltration and size exclusion chromatography, which are less common techniques. The protein profile and monomeric weight of L-asparaginase were determined using SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Cytotoxicity of purified L-asparaginase on leukemic Jurkat E6 and oral carcinoma cells were studied using MTS assay for 24 h and 48 h. OFAT results from optimization showed that glucose and L-asparagine concentrations, incubation period and temperature, were significant factors affecting L-asparaginase production by C. gloeosporioides. RSM analysis further evidence the significant interaction between glucose and L-asparagine concentrations in inducing L-asparaginase production. Purified L-asparaginase was profiled with specific activity of 255.02 IU/mg protein, purification fold of 6.12, and 34.63% of enzyme recovery. SDS and Western blot revealed that the purified L-asparaginase might be a tetramer with monomeric units of 25 kDa. Purified L-asparaginase was discovered to be more efficient against Jurkat leukemic cells than against H103 oral carcinoma cells, as lower IC50 value was observed for Jurkat cell lines (46 .36 ± 1.52 µg/mL for Jurkat and 125.56 ± 7.28 µg/mL for H103). In short, purified L-asparaginase derived from endophytic C. gloeosporioides showed high purity and significant anticancer effect toward cancer cells. This study therefore demonstrated the potential of fungal L-asparaginase as alternative chemotherapy drug in the future.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma*
  17. Abdullah Suhaimi SN, Nazri N, Nani Harlina ML, Md Isa N, Muhammad R
    Malays J Med Sci, 2015 Jul-Aug;22(4):69-72.
    PMID: 26715910 MyJurnal
    Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) associated with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) is rare. It is usually associated with the cribriform-morular variant of PTC, with unusual patterns on detailed histology examination. This variant is known to have a good prognosis. Papillary thyroid carcinoma associated with FAP commonly occurs in females in their 30s and rarely in the elderly. We report a case of a 69-year-old female presenting with thyroid swelling and a history of FAP.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma; Carcinoma, Papillary
  18. Yaacob I, Ahmad Z, Harun Z
    Med J Malaysia, 1990 Sep;45(3):220-4.
    PMID: 1966930
    A review of 119 patients (88 males and 31 females) with carcinoma of the lung seen at the Hospital University Sains Malaysia (HUSM) from 1984 to 1989 was done. The mean age of the patients was 60.3 years with a high proportion (76.6%) of them were between 41 and 70 years. Seventy five percent of patients (84% of men and 26% of women) were smokers. The Chinese have a significantly higher preponderance to carcinoma of the lung. The commonest histological type found was squamous cell carcinoma in men and adenocarcinoma in women. Small cell carcinoma was uncommon. Squamous cell and large cell/undifferentiated type of carcinoma were significantly associated with smoking behaviour of the patients.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Bronchogenic/etiology; Carcinoma, Bronchogenic/epidemiology*; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/etiology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/epidemiology*; Carcinoma, Small Cell/etiology; Carcinoma, Small Cell/epidemiology*
  19. Chen Y, Tang WY, Tong X, Ji H
    Cancer Commun (Lond), 2019 10 01;39(1):53.
    PMID: 31570104 DOI: 10.1186/s40880-019-0402-8
    Despite the tremendous efforts for improving therapeutics of lung cancer patients, its prognosis remains disappointing. This can be largely attributed to the lack of comprehensive understanding of drug resistance leading to insufficient development of effective therapeutics in clinic. Based on the current progresses of lung cancer research, we classify drug resistance mechanisms into three different levels: molecular, cellular and pathological level. All these three levels have significantly contributed to the acquisition and evolution of drug resistance in clinic. Our understanding on drug resistance mechanisms has begun to change the way of clinical practice and improve patient prognosis. In this review, we focus on discussing the pathological changes linking to drug resistance as this has been largely overlooked in the past decades.
    Matched MeSH terms: Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/drug therapy; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell/pathology; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous/drug therapy; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous/pathology; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/drug therapy; Small Cell Lung Carcinoma/pathology
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