MyMedR

Acute polyhydramnios causing bilateral obstructive hydronephrosis and impaired renal function

Valayatham V, Kakarla A, Rymer J

J Obstet Gynaecol, 2007 Oct;27(7):736-7.

PMID: 17999311

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis/etiology*; Hydronephrosis/physiopathology

Dystocia caused by congenital hydronephrosis

Ng KH, Sivanesan S

Med J Malaysia, 1973 Dec;28(2):118-9.

PMID: 4276267

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis/complications; Hydronephrosis/congenital*

Fulltext Renal doppler assessment in differentiating obstructive from non-obstructive hydronephrosis in children

Nadzri M, Hing EY, Hamzaini AH, Faizah MZ, AbAziz A, Kanaheswari Y, et al.

Med J Malaysia, 2015 Dec;70(6):346-50.

PMID: 26988207 MyJurnal

BACKGROUND: to determine the usefulness of Doppler ultrasound measurement of resistive index (RI) in differentiating obstructive from non-obstructive hydronephrosis in children.
METHODS: From August 2011 to November 2012, renal Doppler assessments of the intra-renal renal arteries were performed on 16 children (19 kidneys) with congenital hydronephrosis. the independent t-test was used to assess for significant difference in RI values between those with obstructive hydronephrosis (6 kidneys) and those with non-obstructive hydronephrosis (13 kidneys) as determined by dynamic renal scintigraphy. the assessor was blinded to the clinical findings and scintigraphy results.
RESULTS: RI was significantly different between obstructive and non-obstructive hydronephrosis. Obstructive hydronephrosis returned higher RI values, with mean RI of 0.78. Mean RI in non-obstructive hydronephrosis was 0.70, and the difference was significant (p <0.05). the sensitivity and specificity of Doppler ultrasound were 100% and 53% respectively.
CONCLUSION: Doppler ultrasound measurement of resistive index is useful in differentiating obstructive from nonobstructive hydronephrosis and provides an alternative non-ionizing investigation.
Study site: Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis*

Traumatic rupture of the ureter at the pelvi-ureteric junction in a congenital hydronephrotic kidney

Roe TN

Med J Malaya, 1969 Mar;23(3):203-7.

PMID: 4240075

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis/congenital*

Traumatic pararenal pseudo-hydronephrosis

HUTTER FH

Med J Malaya, 1953 Dec;8(2):186-91.

PMID: 13164689

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis*

The predictive values of urinalysis in intravenous urogram. Is intravenous urography really necessary in mild hydronephrotic patient?

Hamzaini AH, Helmee MN, Masoud S, Suraya A, Nazri MS, Das S

Clin Ter, 2009;160(6):473-5.

PMID: 20198290

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Many patients who presented to Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC) with signs and symptoms of urolithiasis had mild hydronephrosis with non visualization of calculus on ultrasound examination. These patients underwent an intravenous urogram (IVU) in order to determine the presence of urolithiasis and most of them had normal IVU. The main aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of urinalysis in this group of patients in determining the need for IVU examinations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospectively the ultrasound, urinalysis and intravenous urography reports of 53 patients were reviewed and evaluated.
RESULTS: The positive predictive and negative predictive value of urinalysis was found to be 68% and 96.4%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS; The results indicate that the urinalysis was an excellent negative predictor for IVU. In view of high radiation dose, risk of contrast reaction and contrast induced nephropathy of IVU, we suggest that it should not be performed in patient with non visualization of calculus mild hydronephrosis when the urinalysis is negative for blood.

Study site: Pusat Perubatan Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (PPUKM)

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis/diagnosis; Hydronephrosis/radiography*; Hydronephrosis/urine*

Case report of neonatal ascites (urinary) due to obstructive uropathy

Devadason I

Med J Malaysia, 1976 Mar;30(3):243-4.

PMID: 986534

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis/etiology

Fulltext A rare case of an appendiceal mass masquerading as a pelvic tumour and causing bilateral hydronephrosis

Abdul Rashid S, Ab Hamid S, Mohamad Saini S, Muridan R

Biomed Imaging Interv J, 2012 Apr;8(2):e11.

PMID: 22970067 MyJurnal DOI: 10.2349/biij.8.2.e11

Diagnosing acute appendicitis in children can be difficult due to atypical presenting symptoms. While there are reported cases of acute appendicitis or appendiceal masses causing unilateral hydronephrosis, bilateral hydronephrosis as a complication of appendiceal mass is very rare. We report a case of a child who presented with cardinal symptomatology associated with the urogenital tract. Ultrasound (US) investigation showed a pelvic mass causing bilateral hydronephrosis. An initial diagnosis of a pelvic teratoma was made based on the US and computed tomography (CT) scan findings. The final diagnosis of an appendiceal mass causing bilateral hydronephrosis was established intraoperatively.

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis

Fulltext Retrocaval ureter: the importance of intravenous urography

Hassan R, Aziz AA, Mohamed SK

Malays J Med Sci, 2011 Oct;18(4):84-7.

PMID: 22589677

Retrocaval ureter is a rare cause of hydronephrosis. Its rarity and non-specific presentation pose a challenge to surgeons and radiologists in making the correct diagnosis. Differentiation from other causes of urinary tract obstruction, especially the more common urolithiasis, is important for successful surgical management. Current practice has seen multislice computed tomography (MSCT) rapidly replaces intravenous urography (IVU) in the assessment of patients with hydronephrosis due to suspected urolithiasis, especially ureterolithiasis. However, MSCT, without adequate opacification of the entire ureter, may allow the physician to overlook a retrocaval ureter as the cause of hydronephrosis. High-resolution IVU images can demonstrate the typical appearance that leads to the accurate diagnosis of a retrocaval ureter. We reported a case that illustrates this scenario and highlights the importance of IVU in the assessment of a complex congenital disorder involving the urinary tract.

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis

Fulltext Ureteral stricture formation after ureteroscope treatment of impacted calculi: a prospective study

Fam XI, Singam P, Ho CC, Sridharan R, Hod R, Bahadzor B, et al.

Korean J Urol, 2015 Jan;56(1):63-7.

PMID: 25598938 DOI: 10.4111/kju.2015.56.1.63

Urinary calculi is a familiar disease. A well-known complication of endourological treatment for impacted ureteral stones is the formation of ureteral strictures, which has been reported to occur in 14.2% to 24% of cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis/diagnosis

Right hydronephrosis and vesicocolic fistula complicating sigmoid colonic diverticulitis: report of a case

Ng KK, Tan KM, Lim KT

Dis Colon Rectum, 1975 Oct;18(7):623-5.

PMID: 1181168

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis/etiology*

Fulltext Street ketamine-associated bladder dysfunction: an emerging health problem

Lee PY, Ong TA, Chua CB, Lei CCM, Teh GC

Malays Fam Physician, 2009;4(1):15-8.

PMID: 25606152 MyJurnal

INTRODUCTION: Ketamine is frequently abused nowadays as a recreational drug. Case reports are emerging since 2007 to describe a new clinical entity of severe bladder dysfunction associated with chronic abuse of street ketamine.
CLINICAL PRESENTATION: Severe lower urinary tract symptoms of urinary frequency and urgency which are refractory to conventional treatment. Quality of life is adversely affected as a consequence. Chronic kidney disease will develop in advanced cases. Investigation findings: The urine is sterile on culture. Ultrasound will show reduced bladder capacity with thickened bladder wall. In advanced stage, hydronephrosis and renal impairment will develop.
TREATMENT: Patients should be advised to stop street ketamine use immediately. Anticholinergic medication could be tried to alleviate the symptoms. Refractory cases with dilatation of the upper urinary tract might need urinary diversion.
CONCLUSION: Awareness of this new condition is essential in diagnosis. Early intervention offers better treatment outcome.
KEYWORDS: Ketamine; bladder dysfunction; lower urinary tract symptoms

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis

Fulltext Huge Retroperitoneal Cyst Masquerading as Ovarian Tumour: A Case Report

Johan S, Hassan MF, Hayati F, Azizan N, Payus AO, Edwin See UH

Front Surg, 2020;7:585411.

PMID: 33195391 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2020.585411

Retroperitoneal cystic mass is a rare surgical condition that is often misdiagnosed preoperatively. Here, we report a case of a 56-year-old woman who presented with abdominal swelling for a 1-year duration, which was associated with lower abdominal pain for 6 months. Her abdominal radiograph showed a huge radiopaque lesion, and contrast-enhanced computed tomography scan of the abdomen reported it as a left ovarian serous cystadenoma causing local mass effect to the left ureter leading to mild left hydronephrosis. She underwent exploratory laparotomy and noted there was a huge retroperitoneal cystic mass. The histopathological assessment finding was consistent with a benign retroperitoneal cyst. This case report aims to share the rare case of primary retroperitoneal lesions, which can cause a diagnostic challenge preoperatively to all clinicians despite advanced achievement in medical imaging.

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis

Adult giant hydronephrosis diagnosed in the second trimester of pregnancy: A case report and literature review

Ramly F, Mohamad NAN, Zahid AZM, Kasim NM, Teh KY

Case Rep Womens Health, 2021 Jan;29:e00275.

PMID: 33304832 DOI: 10.1016/j.crwh.2020.e00275

Adult giant hydronephrosis in a normally sited kidney is unusual during pregnancy. The most frequent cause is congenital obstruction at the ureteropelvic junction. Ultrasound accompanied by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are valuable in reaching the diagnosis, especially when clinical assessment of an abdominal mass is inconclusive regarding aetiology. We report a case of giant hydronephrosis in a woman who presented at 23 weeks of gestation with abdominal distension. She was managed conservatively. Unfortunately, the pregnancy was complicated by severe pre-eclampsia at 32 weeks of gestation, necessitating delivery via emergency caesarean section. She had a smooth postpartum recovery, and subsequently standard imaging was performed before nephrectomy. The literature and previously reported cases of giant hydronephrosis in pregnancy are reviewed.

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis

Factors associated with ultrasound diagnosed neurogenic bladder complications following spinal cord injury

Zamli AH, Mustafah NM, Sa'at N, Shaharom S

Med J Malaysia, 2020 11;75(6):642-648.

PMID: 33219171

INTRODUCTION: Neurogenic bladder (NB) is a recognized secondary medical impairment following spinal cord injury (SCI). Ultrasound (US) of the kidneys, ureters and bladder (KUB) has been recommended as a useful, non-invasive surveillance method with good diagnostic sensitivity. This study aims to understand US diagnosed NB complications and identify its associated factors.

METHODS: We enrolled all patients referred for SCI rehabilitation from 2012 to 2015 that fulfilled our study criteria. Data that were retrospectively reviewed included demographic and clinical characteristic data; and US KUB surveillance studies.

RESULTS: Out of 136 electronic medical records reviewed, 110 fulfilled the study criteria. The prevalence of NB in our study population was 80.9%. We found 22(20%) of the patients showed evidence of US diagnosed NB complications with the mean detection of 9.61±7.91 months following initial SCI. The reported NB complications were specific morphological changes in the bladder wall 8(36.4%); followed by unilateral/bilateral hydronephrosis 7(31.8%); bladder and/or renal calculi 5(22.7%); and mixed complication 2(9.1%) respectively. Half of the patients with NB complications had urodynamic diagnosis of neurogenic detrusor overactivity with/without evidence of detrusor sphincter dyssynergia. We found co-existing neurogenic bowel, presence of spasticity and mode of bladder management were significantly associated factors with US diagnosed NB complications (p<0.05), while spasticity was its predictor with adjusted Odds Ratio value of 3.93 (1.14, 13.56).

CONCLUSION: NB is a common secondary medical impairment in our SCI population. A proportion of them had US diagnosed NB complications. Co-existing neurogenic bowel, presence of spasticity and mode of bladder management were its associated factors; while spasticity was its predictor.

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis

Fulltext Bilateral Hydroureteronephrosis with a Hypertrophied, Trabeculated Urinary Bladder

Iqbal S, Raiz I, Faiz I

Malays J Med Sci, 2017 Mar;24(2):106-115.

PMID: 28894411 DOI: 10.21315/mjms2017.24.2.14

Bilateral hydroureteronephrosis involves the dilatation of the renal pelvis, calyces and ureter; it develops secondary to urinary tract obstruction and leads to a build-up of back pressure in the urinary tract, and it may lead to impairment of renal function and ultimately culminate in renal failure. Although clinically silent in most cases, it can be diagnosed as an incidental finding during evaluation of an unrelated cause. In a minority of patients, it presents with signs and symptoms. Renal calculus is the most common cause, but there are multiple non-calculus aetiologies, and they depend on age and sex. Pelviureteric junction obstruction, benign prostatic hypertrophy, urethral stricture, neurogenic bladder, retroperitoneal mass and bladder outlet obstruction are some of the frequent causes of hydroureteronephrosis in adults. The incidence of non-calculus hydronephrosis is more common in males than in females. Ultrasonography is the most important baseline investigation in the evaluation of patients with hydronephrosis. Here, we report a rarely seen case of bilateral hydroureteronephrosis associated with a hypertrophied, trabeculated bladder in an adult male cadaver, suspected to be due to a primary bladder neck obstruction, and analyse its various other causes, clinical presentations and outcomes.

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis

Villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma of cervix associated with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia: a case report and review of literature

Srilatha PS, Roy A

Indian J Pathol Microbiol, 2007 Oct;50(4):819-21.

PMID: 18306568

Well differentiated villoglandular adenocarcinoma of uterine cervix is a rare tumour which usually occurs in young women. It is considered to be an indolent tumour with favorable prognosis and most of them were treated by conservative procedures. We report a 35 year old lady who came with complaints of 3 months amenorrhoea and an episode of spontaneous bleeding. Urine pregnancy test was negative. Physical examination revealed a cervical polyp. Histopathological findings were consistent with villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma associated with high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN-3). Left parametrial and left ureteral involvement, proved by biopsy, causing left hydroureteronephrosis was detected. The patient was thus found to be in an advanced stage, stage- III b (FIGO). The patient is currently undergoing radiotherapy. A review of literature showed that only occasional cases showing disease spread have been reported, suggesting caution in the management and regular follow up of the patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Hydronephrosis

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