Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 22 in total

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  1. Fulltext Acute myocardial injury: an entity of acute coronary syndromes
    Daud MS, Khalid Y
    Med J Malaysia, 1997 Jun;52(2):183-5.
    PMID: 10968081
    A 46-year-old Indian man was admitted with unstable angina (Braunwald's class IIIB1)--the chest pain at rest was associated with inferolateral ischaemia on the ECG at admission. His serial total creatine kinase levels were elevated but CKMB was not detected. Serial serum troponin T levels were significantly raised suggesting the presence of significant acute myocardial injury.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  2. Fulltext Serum ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase in a case of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
    Leong CF, Cheong SK, Hamidah NH, Ainoon O, Kannaheswary Y
    Malays J Pathol, 1998 Dec;20(2):103-8.
    PMID: 10879271
    A 40-day-old baby girl presented with intermittent fever, lymphadenopathy, massive hepatosplenomegaly, progressive pancytopenia and features of disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. A bone marrow aspiration was performed and showed florid histiocytic proliferation with marked hemophagocytosis. Based on the diagnostic guideline for Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis proposed by the Familial Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Study Group of Histiocyte Society, this patient has fulfilled most of the criteria. We have also found that serum ferritin and lactate dehydrogenase to be very high in this patient. It remains uncertain whether the disorder is reactive or neoplastic.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood*
  3. Lactic dehydrogenase variants in different racial groups in Malaysia
    Lie-Injo LE, Lopez CG, Ganesan J
    Hum. Hered., 1973;23(5):487-91.
    PMID: 4799059
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood*
  4. Juvenile myasthenia gravis
    Eeran TD
    Med J Malaysia, 1977 Jun;31(4):326-7.
    PMID: 927241
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  5. Lipid peroxidation and decline in antioxidant status as one of the toxicity measures of diazinon in the testis
    Leong CT, D'Souza UJ, Iqbal M, Mustapha ZA
    Redox Rep., 2013;18(4):155-64.
    PMID: 23849340 DOI: 10.1179/1351000213Y.0000000054
    The rapid emergence of various pesticides in the market is inevitable due to the demands from agriculture industries and domestic needs to control nuisance pests and to sustain green resources worldwide. However, long-term exposure to pesticide has led to adverse effects on male fertility. Organophosphate diazinon (O,O-diethyl-O-[2-isopropyl-6-methyl-4-pyrimidinyl] phosphorothiote) is an often abusively used pesticide, as it is effective and economical. This study is to determine the adverse effects of low-dose diazinon exposure on the male reproductive system. In this study, 72 Sprague-Dawley rats were segregated into 1, 2, and 8 weeks of exposure groups and further sub-grouped (n = 6) to receive 0, 10, 15, and 30 mg/kg body weight diazinon treatment. Rats were gavaged orally with diazinon and sacrificed under anaesthesia the day after the last exposure. Our results showed that consistent diazinon exposure decreased glutathione and catalase, and increased lipid peroxidation which together lead to diazinon-mediated oxidative stress. Additionally, diazinon increased serum lactate dehydrogenase and decreased serum testosterone, which may have caused sperm and histopathological anomalies. In conclusion, exposure to diazinon caused changes in lipid peroxidation and sperm, and these two effects might be causally linked.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  6. Acute phenanthrene toxicity to juvenile diploid and triploid African catfish (Clarias gariepinus): Molecular, biochemical, and histopathological alterations
    Karami A, Romano N, Hamzah H, Simpson SL, Yap CK
    Environ Pollut, 2016 May;212:155-165.
    PMID: 26845363 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2016.01.055
    Information on the biological responses of polyploid animals towards environmental contaminants is scarce. This study aimed to compare reproductive axis-related gene expressions in the brain, plasma biochemical responses, and the liver and gill histopathological alterations in diploid and triploid full-sibling juvenile African catfish (Clarias gariepinus). Fish were exposed for 96 h to one of the two waterborne phenanthrene (Phe) concentrations [mean measured (SD): 6.2 (2.4) and 76 (4.2) μg/L]. In triploids, exposure to 76 μg/L Phe increased mRNA level of fushi tarazu-factor 1 (ftz-f1). Expression of tryptophan hydroxylase2 (tph2) was also elevated in both ploidies following the exposure to 76 μg/L Phe compared to the solvent control. In triploids, 76 μg/L Phe increased plasma alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels compared to the other Phe-exposed group. It also elevated lactate and glucose contents relative to the other groups. In diploids, however, biochemical biomarkers did not change. Phenanthrene exposures elevated glycogen contents and the prevalence of histopathological lesions in the liver and gills of both ploidies. This study showed substantial differences between diploids and triploids on biochemical and molecular biomarker responses, but similar histopathological alterations following acute Phe exposures.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  7. The value of liver function tests in hepatocellular carcinoma
    Lopez JB, Balasegaram M, Thambyrajah V, Timor J
    Malays J Pathol, 1996 Dec;18(2):95-9.
    PMID: 10879229
    This study was undertaken to see if liver function tests (LFT) served a worthwhile purpose in the investigation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Sera from 80 HCC, 76 benign liver disease (BLD) and 152 healthy adult (HA) subjects were assayed for alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase and lactate dehydrogenase, bilirubin and albumin. Cut-off values were determined from the HA. ALP, GGT, AST and albumin were abnormal in about 90% of the HCC. With the exception of bilirubin, the LFT were abnormal more frequently in HCC than in chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis, the conditions which preceed it. Raised ALP in the presence of normal bilirubin was more often a feature of HCC than BLD although this relationship was not statistically significant. It seems unlikely that LFT serve a useful function in HCC.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  8. Genetic factors and malaria in the Temuan
    Baer A, Lie-Injo LE, Welch QB, Lewis AN
    Am J Hum Genet, 1976 Mar;28(2):179-88.
    PMID: 817597
    The jungle habitat of the Temuan aborigines harbors a variety of infectious diseases, the most notable being malaria. Our study of 15 genetic systems in the Temuan revealed substantial polymorphism and within-population genetic diversity. The polymorphisms for Hb beta, G6PD, and El are of interest in regard to genetic adaptation to malaria. Among the polymorphisms investigated we conclude that G6PD deficiency and elliptocytosis are likely to have malaria-resistant effects as evidenced by their low association with malarial parasitemia or their higher frequency in adults than in children. These findings suggest that the malarial habitat of the Temuans is livable in the long range sense for them because of the cluster of malaria-resistant alleles in their gene pool (G6PD)-, El, and possibly, but not tested here because of its low frequency, Hb beta E). The same condition probably holds for the Semai, the nearest aborigine neighbors of the Temuan (although the Semai have not been tested for malarial parasitemia and for these polymorphisms simultaneously), since the Semai have substantial Hb betaE, G6PD-, and El. The Temuan have a cultural identity system of rituals, beliefs, and certain aspects of language which effectively isolates them genetically from Malays and other nonaborigines. This system hinders the dilution of the malaria-resistant alleles of the Temuan gene pool with the malaria-susceptible alleles of the nonaborigine gene pools.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  9. Variation of several erythrocyte enzymes in the Dayaks of Sarawak
    Ganesan J, Lie-Injo LE, Ong Beng P
    Hum. Hered., 1976;26(2):124-7.
    PMID: 181317
    The Land and Sea Dayaks of Sarawak were surveyed for several erythrocyte enzymes. The gene frequency of 6PGDC in 132 Land Dayaks and 127 Sea Dayaks were 0.045 and 0.047, respectively. The gene frequency of PGM1-1 IN 285 Land Dayks and 240 Sea Dayaks were 0.716 and 0.779, respectively. The ADA2 gene frequency in 283 Land Dayaks and 188 Sea Dayaks were 0.154 and 0.090. ADA 5-1 was found once in the Land Dayaks and once in the Sea Dayaks. AK 2-1 was found once in 221 Sea Dayaks but not in any of 270 Land Dayaks. No PHI, LDH or CA variants were found among the Land or Sea Dayaks.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood*
  10. Fulltext Clinical profile and outcomes of asymptomatic vs. symptomatic travellers diagnosed with COVID-19: An observational study from a coastal town in South India
    Gupta N, John A, Kokkottil MS, Varma M, Umakanth S, Saravu K
    Drug Discov Ther, 2021 Mar 10;15(1):1-8.
    PMID: 33642450 DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2020.03068
    Despite the high number of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) cases from India, there are few reports from India describing the clinical epidemiology of COVID-19. This study aimed to describe the clinical/epidemiological characteristics and outcomes of asymptomatic vs. symptomatic COVID-19 patients. This was a retrospective chart review of all admitted patients with COVID-19 above 18 years with a history of travel within one month of the admission. The patients were categorized into asymptomatic and symptomatic. The symptomatic patients were further classified into mild, moderate and severe. The demographic profile, risk factors, clinical features, laboratory parameters, treatment details and outcome of all patients were recorded. The clinical and laboratory parameters were compared between symptomatic patients and asymptomatic patients. Of the 127 recruited patients, 75 were asymptomatic. Of the 52 symptomatic patients, 41 patients were classified as a mild illness. The mean age of the patients was 44.5 ± 15 years. A total of 73 patients had one or more risk factors. The male patients were more commonly found to be symptomatic compared to female patients. Neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio, C-reactive protein and lactate dehydrogenase were significantly elevated in symptomatic patients. A total of five individuals required supplemental oxygen therapy, and one of them required mechanical ventilation. All the patients had favourable outcomes. Asymptomatic and mild illness form a significant proportion of positive patients and have excellent outcomes without therapeutic interventions.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  11. Use of Cardiac Injury Markers in the Postmortem Diagnosis of Sudden Cardiac Death
    Carvajal-Zarrabal O, Hayward-Jones PM, Nolasco-Hipolito C, Barradas-Dermitz DM, Calderón-Garcidueñas AL, López-Amador N
    J Forensic Sci, 2017 Sep;62(5):1332-1335.
    PMID: 28111741 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.13397
    In the daily practice of forensic pathology, sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a diagnostic challenge. Our aim was to determine the usefulness of blood biomarkers [creatine kinase CK-MB, myoglobin, troponins I and T (cTn-I and T), and lactate dehydrogenase] measured by immunoassay technique, in the postmortem diagnosis of SCD. Two groups were compared, 20 corpses with SCD and 8 controls. Statistical significance was determined by variance analysis procedures, with a post hoc Tukey multiple range test for comparison of means (p < 0.05). SCD cases showed significantly higher levels (p < 0.05) of cTn-T and cTn-I compared to the control group. Although only cases within the first 8 h of postmortem interval were included, and the control group consisted mainly of violent death cases, our results suggest that blood troponin levels may be useful to support a diagnosis of SCD.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood*
  12. Fulltext Symptomatic anaemia 17 years after double valve replacement
    Wong MH, Chee KH, Azman W
    Singapore Med J, 2009 Oct;50(10):e362-4.
    PMID: 19907876
    A 40-year-old Malay woman presented with increasing lethargy, palpitation and shortness of breath, 17 years after a mitral and aortic valve replacement. A Starr-Edwards prosthetic valve replaced the mitral valve, and a Bjork-Shiley prosthetic valve replaced the aortic valve. Biochemical parameters demonstrated intravascular haemolysis, as evidenced by haemoglobin 7.8 g/dL, reticulocyte count 8.4%, lactate dehydrogenase 2,057 IU/L and low haptoglobulin levels (less than 6 mg/dL). Transoesophageal echocardiography revealed a paravalvular leakage over the mitral valve. The haemoglobin levels remained persistently low despite frequent blood transfusions. She successfully underwent a second mitral valve replacement. Her anaemia resolved subsequently.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  13. Effects of Labisia pumila var alata extracts on the lipid profile, serum antioxidant status and abdominal aorta of high-cholesterol diet rats
    Dianita R, Jantan I, Jalil J, Amran AZ
    Phytomedicine, 2016 Jul 15;23(8):810-7.
    PMID: 27288916 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.04.004
    BACKGROUND: Previous studies on Labisia pumila var. alata (LPva) have showed that it could inhibit low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and provide protection on myocardial infarction in rats.

    HYPOTHESIS/PURPOSE: We hypothesized that LPva extracts can modulate the lipid profiles and serum antioxidant status of hypercholesterolemic rats. In the present study, we investigated the effects of aqueous and 80% ethanol extracts of LPva on atherogenic and serum antioxidant parameters as well as changes in abdominal aorta of high-cholesterol diet rats.

    METHODS: The major components of the extracts, gallic acid, flavonoids and alkyl resorcinols were analyzed by using a validated reversed phase HPLC method. The rats were induced to hypercholesterolemic status with daily intake of 2% cholesterol for a duration of 8 weeks. Three different doses (100, 200 and 400mg/kg) of the extracts were administered daily on the 4th week onwards. The rats were then sacrificed and the blood was collected via abdominal aorta and serum was separated by centrifugation for biochemical analysis. Part of the aorta tissues were excised immediately for histopathological examination.

    RESULTS: The serum of LPva treated rats showed significant reduction in serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels and the abdominal aorta showed a significant decrease of atheroma lesions in treated rats. Serum lipid profiles of treated rats showed a decrease in total cholesterol, total triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels as compared to control group. The atherogenic indices in treated rats were significantly improved along with an increasing level of serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL). The extracts also exhibited significant increase of antioxidant enzymes and decrease of MDA as a product of lipid peroxidation.

    CONCLUSION: LPva extracts can reduce the risk of dyslipidemia by improving the serum lipid profiles and modulating serum antioxidants.

    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  14. An outbreak of acute eosinophilic myositis attributed to human Sarcocystis parasitism
    Arness MK, Brown JD, Dubey JP, Neafie RC, Granstrom DE
    Am J Trop Med Hyg, 1999 Oct;61(4):548-53.
    PMID: 10548287
    Seven members of a 15-man U.S. military team that had operated in rural Malaysia developed an acute illness consisting of fever, myalgias, bronchospasm, fleeting pruritic rashes, transient lymphadenopathy, and subcutaneous nodules associated with eosinophilia, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and elevated levels of muscle creatinine kinase. Sarcocysts of an unidentified Sarcocystis species were found in skeletal muscle biopsies of the index case. Albendazole ameliorated symptoms in the index case; however, his symptoms persisted for more than 5 years. Symptoms in 5 other men were mild to moderate and self-limited, and 1 team member with laboratory abnormalities was asymptomatic. Of 8 team members tested for antibody to Sarcocystis, 6 were positive; of 4 with the eosinophilic myositis syndrome who were tested, all were positive. We attribute this outbreak of eosinophilic myositis to accidental tissue parasitism by Sarcocystis.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  15. Blood parameters and electroencephalographic responses of goats to slaughter without stunning
    Sabow AB, Goh YM, Zulkifli I, Sazili AQ, Kaka U, Kadi MZAA, et al.
    Meat Sci, 2016 Nov;121:148-155.
    PMID: 27317849 DOI: 10.1016/j.meatsci.2016.05.009
    The study compared changes in blood biochemistry, hormonal and electroencephalographic indices associated with possible noxious stimuli following neck cut slaughter in conscious, non-anaesthetized versus minimally-anaesthetized goats. Ten male Boer crossbreed goats were assigned into two groups and subjected to either slaughter conscious without stunning (SWS) or slaughter following minimal anaesthesia (SMA). Hormonal responses and changes in electroencephalographic (EEG) parameters were not influenced by slaughter method. The SWS goats had higher glucose and lactate than did SMA goats. It can be concluded that the noxious stimulus from the neck cut is present in both conscious and minimally anaesthetized goats. The application of slaughter without stunning causes changes in the EEG activities that are consistent with the presence of post slaughter noxious sensory input associated with tissue damage and would be expected to be experienced as pain in goats.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  16. Fulltext The distribution of red cell enzyme groups among Chinese and Malays in Singapore
    Blake NM, McDermid EM, Kirk RL, Ong YW, Simons MJ
    Singapore Med J, 1973 Mar;14(1):2-8.
    PMID: 4713017
    Samples from 378 Chinese and 259 Malay blood donors in Singapore have been studied for electrophoretic variants in 13 red cell enzyme systems and for abnormal haemoglobins. Variants were detected in 8 of the enzyme systems, and the frequencies were polymorphic for acid phosphatase, 6 phosphogluconate dehydrogenase phosphoglucomutase (locus 1) among both Chinese and Malays, and for adenylate kinase also among Malays. Rare variants were detected in the phosphohexose, NADH diaphorase and lactate dehydrogenase systems. A new GPGD phenotype and three new LDH phenotypes have been described. Electrophoretic variants of haemoglobin were more frequent among Malays than among Chinese.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  17. Fulltext A case report of adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma
    Shanmugam H, Eow GI, Nadarajan VS
    Malays J Pathol, 2009 Jun;31(1):63-6.
    PMID: 19694316 MyJurnal
    Adult T-cell leukaemia/lymphoma (ATLL) is a rare T lymphoproliferative disorder which is aetiologically linked with human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1). HTLV-1 is endemic in Japan, Caribbean and Africa. The highest incidence of ATLL is in Japan although sporadic cases have been reported elsewhere in the world. We describe a case of ATLL with an unusual presentation which we believe is the first reported case of ATLL in Malaysia based on our literature search. A 51-year-old Indian lady was referred to University Malaya Medical Centre for an incidental finding of lymphocytosis while being investigated for pallor and giddiness. Clinical examination revealed bilateral shotty cervical lymph nodes with no hepato-splenomegaly or skin lesions. Laboratory investigations showed absolute lymphocytosis (38 x 10(9)/L) with a mildly increased serum lactate dehydrogenase. The peripheral blood smear showed the presence of predominantly small to medium sized, non-flower lymphocytes. The bone marrow showed similar findings of prominent lymphocytosis. Immunophenotyping of the bone marrow mononuclear cells showed CD3+, CD4+, CD5+, CD7- and CD25+ which is characteristic of ATLL phenotype. HTLV-1 infection was confirmed by the presence of HTLV-1 proviral DNA in the tumor cells using conventional Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR. Here, we discuss the pathogenesis and characteristics of ATLL as well as the detection of HTLV-1 by real time PCR.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  18. Fulltext Cardioprotective Effects of Tualang Honey: Amelioration of Cholesterol and Cardiac Enzymes Levels
    Khalil MI, Tanvir EM, Afroz R, Sulaiman SA, Gan SH
    Biomed Res Int, 2015;2015:286051.
    PMID: 26064893 DOI: 10.1155/2015/286051
    The present study was designed to investigate the cardioprotective effects of Malaysian Tualang honey against isoproterenol- (ISO-) induced myocardial infarction (MI) in rats by investigating changes in the levels of cardiac marker enzymes, cardiac troponin I (cTnI), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, and antioxidant defense system combined with histopathological examination. Male albino Wistar rats (n = 40) were pretreated orally with Tualang honey (3 g/kg/day) for 45 days. Subcutaneous injection of ISO (85 mg/kg in saline) for two consecutive days caused a significant increase in serum cardiac marker enzymes (creatine kinase-MB (CK-MB), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and aspartate transaminase (AST)), cTnI, serum TC, and TG levels. In addition, ISO-induced myocardial injury was confirmed by a significant increase in heart lipid peroxidation (LPO) products (TBARS) and a significant decrease in antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GPx, GRx, and GST). Pretreatment of ischemic rats with Tualang honey conferred significant protective effects on all of the investigated biochemical parameters. The biochemical findings were further confirmed by histopathological examination in both Tualang-honey-pretreated and ISO-treated hearts. The present study demonstrates that Tualang honey confers cardioprotective effects on ISO-induced oxidative stress by contributing to endogenous antioxidant enzyme activity via inhibition of lipid peroxidation.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  19. Amelioration of ferric nitrilotriacetate-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats by diallylsulfide
    Ansar S, Iqbal M
    Hum Exp Toxicol, 2016 Mar;35(3):259-66.
    PMID: 25904316 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115583362
    Garlic contains diallylsulfide (DAS) and other structurally related compounds that are widely believed to be active agents in preventing cancer. This study shows the effect of DAS (a phenolic antioxidant used in foods, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical products) on ferric nitrilotriacetate (Fe-NTA)-induced hepatotoxicity in rats. Male albino rats of Wistar strain weighing 125-150 g were given a single dose of Fe-NTA (9 mg kg(-1) body weight, intraperitoneally) after 1 week of treatment with 100 and 200 mg kg(-1) DAS in corn oil respectively administered through the gavage. Fe-NTA administration led to 2.5-fold increase in the values of both alanine transaminase and aspartate aminotransferase, respectively, and 3.2-fold increase in the activity of lactate dehydrogenase, microsomal lipid peroxidation to approximately 2.0-fold compared to saline-treated control. The activities of glutathione (GSH) and other antioxidant enzymes decreased to a range of 2.2-2.5-fold. These changes were reversed significantly (p < 0.001) in animals receiving a pretreatment of DAS. DAS protected against hepatic lipid peroxidation, hydrogen peroxide generation, preserved GSH levels, and GSH metabolizing enzymes to 60-80% as compared to Fe-NTA alone-treated group. Present data suggest that DAS can ameliorate the toxic effects of Fe-NTA and suppress oxidant-induced tissue injury and hepatotoxicity in rats.
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
  20. Imported eosinophilic fever with myositis: A diagnostic challenge
    Camprubí D, Rodriguez-Valero N, Losada I, Grau-Junyent JM, Muñoz J
    Travel Med Infect Dis, 2018 05 23;24:16.
    PMID: 29802894 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmaid.2018.05.009
    Matched MeSH terms: L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/blood
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