Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 658 in total

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  1. Sivarajan S, Doss JG, Papageorgiou SN, Cobourne MT, Wey MC
    Angle Orthod, 2019 09;89(5):831.
    PMID: 31430196 DOI: 10.2319/0003-3219-89.5.831
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth*
  2. Chong W, Hijazi M, Abdalrazig M, Patil N
    J Emerg Med, 2020 Jul;59(1):e27-e29.
    PMID: 32439254 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2020.04.015
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Floor*
  3. Reza F, Churei H, Takahashi H, Iwasaki N, Ueno T
    Dent Traumatol, 2014 Jun;30(3):193-7.
    PMID: 24102720 DOI: 10.1111/edt.12068
    Several methods have been used to measure the impact force absorption capacities of mouthguard materials; however, the relationships among these measurement systems have not been clearly determined. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the impact force-absorbing capability of materials using a drop-ball system with film sensors and load cells to clarify the relationship between these two sensor systems.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Protectors*
  4. Rajendran S, Lim JH, Yogalingam K, Kallarakkal TG, Zain RB, Jayasinghe RD, et al.
    Oral Dis, 2023 Jul;29(5):2230-2238.
    PMID: 35398971 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14206
    OBJECTIVE: To describe the development of a platform for image collection and annotation that resulted in a multi-sourced international image dataset of oral lesions to facilitate the development of automated lesion classification algorithms.

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed a web-interface, hosted on a web server to collect oral lesions images from international partners. Further, we developed a customised annotation tool, also a web-interface for systematic annotation of images to build a rich clinically labelled dataset. We evaluated the sensitivities comparing referral decisions through the annotation process with the clinical diagnosis of the lesions.

    RESULTS: The image repository hosts 2474 images of oral lesions consisting of oral cancer, oral potentially malignant disorders and other oral lesions that were collected through MeMoSA® UPLOAD. Eight-hundred images were annotated by seven oral medicine specialists on MeMoSA® ANNOTATE, to mark the lesion and to collect clinical labels. The sensitivity in referral decision for all lesions that required a referral for cancer management/surveillance was moderate to high depending on the type of lesion (64.3%-100%).

    CONCLUSION: This is the first description of a database with clinically labelled oral lesions. This database could accelerate the improvement of AI algorithms that can promote the early detection of high-risk oral lesions.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms*
  5. Ghani WMN, Razak IA, Doss JG, Ramanathan A, Tahir Z, Ridzuan NA, et al.
    J Public Health Dent, 2019 09;79(3):222-230.
    PMID: 30848842 DOI: 10.1111/jphd.12313
    OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the efficacy of mouth self-examination (MSE) as a self-screening tool for detection of oral mucosal lesions among an Indigenous population in Malaysia at high risk for oral premalignant and malignant disorders.

    METHODS: Two villages were selected as the sampling frame based on prevalence of tobacco and betel quid chewing habit. Respondents were asked to check their mouth for presence of lesion or abnormalities. Education on oral cancer, including MSE, was provided. Subsequently, respondents were asked to perform MSE. Finally, a clinical oral examination (COE) was done by a specialist and the presence of oral mucosal lesions was recorded.

    RESULTS: Almost 64.5 percent of respondents exhibited high levels of difficulty and low mucosal visualization and retracting ability, whereas 3.0 percent demonstrated high attention level when performing MSE. Prevalence of oral mucosal lesions was 59.0 percent, whereas the prevalence of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) was 9.0 percent. Detection of oral lesions by respondents using MSE was lower than detection by the gold standard. Sensitivity and specificity of MSE for detection of all types of lesions were 8.6 and 95.0 percent respectively. When analyzing each lesion type separately, MSE was found to be most sensitive in detection of swellings (10.0 percent), and most specific in identifying white lesions (97.8 percent). For detection of OPMDs, although specificity was high (98.9 percent), sensitivity (0 percent), and +LR (0) was poor.

    CONCLUSION: MSE is not an effective self-screening tool for early detection of potentially malignant lesions for this population.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Diseases*; Mouth Neoplasms*
  6. Ramanathan K
    Med J Malaysia, 1979 Sep;34(1):28-31.
    PMID: 542146
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth/pathology; Mouth Diseases/diagnosis*; Mouth Diseases/pathology; Mouth Diseases/therapy; Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology; Mouth Neoplasms/therapy
  7. Jain A, Shetty NS, Ugrappa S
    Indian J Dent, 2015 Jan-Mar;6(1):7-13.
    PMID: 25767354 DOI: 10.4103/0975-962X.151691
    The purpose of this study was to establish a relation between the crest of alveolar ridge and functionally obtained neutral zone and to determine the effect of duration of edentulousness on the location of neutral zone in relation to the crest of residual alveolar ridge.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth, Edentulous
  8. Phyu WK, Ong KC, Wong KT
    PLoS One, 2016;11(1):e0147463.
    PMID: 26815859 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0147463
    Enterovirus A71 (EV-A71) causes self-limiting, hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) that may rarely be complicated by encephalomyelitis. Person-to-person transmission is usually by fecal-oral or oral-oral routes. To study viral replication sites in the oral cavity and other tissues, and to gain further insights into virus shedding and neuropathogenesis, we developed a consistent, orally-infected, 2-week-old hamster model of HFMD and EV-A71 encephalomyelitis. Tissues from orally-infected, 2-week-old hamsters were studied by light microscopy, immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization to detect viral antigens and RNA, respectively, and by virus titration. Hamsters developed the disease and died after 4-8 days post infection; LD50 was 25 CCID50. Macroscopic cutaneous lesions around the oral cavity and paws were observed. Squamous epithelium in the lip, oral cavity, paw, skin, and esophagus, showed multiple small inflammatory foci around squamous cells that demonstrated viral antigens/RNA. Neurons (brainstem, spinal cord, sensory ganglia), acinar cells (salivary gland, lacrimal gland), lymphoid cells (lymph node, spleen), and muscle fibres (skeletal, cardiac and smooth muscles), liver and gastric epithelium also showed varying amounts of viral antigens/RNA. Intestinal epithelium, Peyer's patches, thymus, pancreas, lung and kidney were negative. Virus was isolated from oral washes, feces, brain, spinal cord, skeletal muscle, serum, and other tissues. Our animal model should be useful to study squamous epitheliotropism, neuropathogenesis, oral/fecal shedding in EV-A71 infection, person-to-person transmission, and to test anti-viral drugs and vaccines.
    Matched MeSH terms: Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/pathology*; Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease/virology; Mouth/pathology*; Mouth/virology; Mouth Mucosa/pathology; Mouth Mucosa/virology
  9. Omar-Ahmad U, Ramanathan K
    Med J Malaya, 1968 Mar;22(3):172-81.
    PMID: 4234351
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/etiology*; Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology; Mouth Neoplasms/prevention & control*
  10. Wilson JW, Warren CZ
    Dent J Malaysia Singapore, 1970 Oct;10(2):26-31.
    PMID: 5278501
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/radiotherapy
  11. Ramanathan K
    Dent J Malaysia Singapore, 1972 May;12(1):3-8.
    PMID: 4507357
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms/epidemiology
  12. Ghasak Ghazi Faisal, Faridah Md Khalid, Yusri Yazid
    MyJurnal
    Introduction: Smoking is a well-known cause of oral disease and oral cancer. Several dysplastic cytological changes occur before the appearance of the clinical lesion. This study aimed to investigate the cytopathological effects of smoking in clinically normal oral mucosa of cigarette smokers.
    Materials and Methods: A total of 40 cigarette smokers and 40 nonsmokers (control group) were included in this study. All participants had clinically normal oral mucosa. Oral smears were obtained from the side of the tongue and floor of the mouth using a Cytobrush. The smears were stained by Papanicolaou stain and examined under light microscope for inflammation, hyperkeratinization and dysplasia.
    Results: There was a significantly higher rate(p<0.005) of inflammation 63%, hyperkeratiniztion 62% and mild dysplasia 26% among smokers than non-smokers where the rates were 35%, 12% and 2% respectively.
    Conclusion: Smoking causes significant cytopathological changes in normal oral mucosa, the detection of which is important to prevent progression into carcinoma. The procedure is fast, painless and inexpensive.
    KEYWORDS: Papanicolaou stain, brush biopsy, cigarette smokers, dysplasia, oral mucosa
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Mucosa; Mouth Neoplasms
  13. Ahmad AS, Doss JG, Ismail SM, Chen Kiong S, Jelon MA, Thangavalu L, et al.
    Curr Oncol, 2023 Feb 01;30(2):1733-1744.
    PMID: 36826095 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30020134
    Caregivers providing care for their family members with oral cancer usually endure the caregiving burden in silence, which affects their quality of life and necessitates the need for supportive care. The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between the quality of life (QOL) of oral cancer caregivers and their supportive care needs (SCN) in Malaysia. The Malaysian versions of the Caregiver Oncology Quality of Life Questionnaire (M-CarGOQoL) and the Comprehensive Needs Assessment Tool for Cancer Caregivers (M-CNAT-C) were self-administered by 56 family caregivers of oral cancer patients from five tertiary hospitals throughout Peninsular Malaysia and Sarawak between October and December 2021. Correlation and multiple regression analyses were employed, and the significance level was set at p < 0.05. The mean score for the QOL of caregivers was 76.16 ± 16.01, with the lowest scores in the psychological well-being (64.87 ± 30.12) and self-esteem (68.64 ± 28.29) domains. The mean score for SCN of caregivers was 36.42 ± 24.16, with the highest scores in the healthcare staff (58.44 ± 33.80) and information (55.35 ± 29.98) domains. The correlation between QOL and SCN was moderately inversed, (r(54) = 0.58, p < 0.01). There was a significant effect of caregiving duration (<3 h/day versus >3 h/day) on the combined dependent variables (QOL and SCN), F(2, 53) = 5.006, p < 0.01, partial η2 = 0.16. QOL and caregiving duration accounted for a significant 43% of SCN, R2 = 0.43, adjusted R2 = 0.41, F(2, 53) = 20.32, p < 0.01. In conclusion, oral cancer caregivers with poorer QOL have higher SCN. It is recommended that oral cancer caregivers be recognized by healthcare providers in order to deliver holistic patient care.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Neoplasms*
  14. Leung AKC, Lam JM, Barankin B, Leong KF, Hon KL
    PMID: 36284392 DOI: 10.2174/1570180820666221024095837
    BACKGROUND: Hand, foot, and mouth disease is a common viral disease in childhood. Because the disease has the potential to reach epidemic levels and mortality is high in some countries, early recognition of this disease is of paramount importance.

    OBJECTIVE: This purpose of this article is to familiarize pediatricians with the clinical manifestations and management of hand, foot, and mouth disease.

    METHODS: A search was conducted in February 2022 in PubMed Clinical Queries using the key term "hand, foot, and mouth disease". The search strategy included all clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews published within the past 10 years. Only papers published in English were included in this review.

    RESULTS: Hand, foot, and mouth disease is characterized by a painful oral enanthem and asymptomatic exanthem on the palms and soles. Children younger than 5 years are most commonly affected. Hand, foot, and mouth disease caused by enterovirus A71 is more severe and has a higher rate of complications than that attributed to other viruses such as coxsackievirus A16. Circulatory failure secondary to myocardial impairment and neurogenic pulmonary edema secondary to brainstem damage are the main causes of death. Fortunately, the disease is usually benign and resolves in 7 to10 days without sequelae. Given the self-limited nature of most cases, treatment is mainly symptomatic and supportive. Intravenous immunoglobulin should be considered for the treatment of severe/complicated hand, foot, and mouth disease and has been recommended by several national and international guideline committees. Currently, there are no specific antiviral agents approved for the treatment of the disease. Drugs such as ribavirin, suramin, mulberroside C, aminothiazole analogs, and sertraline have emerged as potential candidates for the treatment of hand, foot, and mouth disease. Vaccination of susceptible individuals in high-risk areas and good personal hygiene are important preventative measures to combat the disease.

    CONCLUSION: Familiarity of the disease including its atypical manifestations is crucial so that a correct diagnosis can be made, and appropriate treatment initiated. A timely diagnosis can help avoid contact with the affected individual and decrease the risk of an outbreak.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Diseases*
  15. Gadde P, Arunachalam S, Sharan J
    Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop, 2022 Nov;162(5):591-592.
    PMID: 37830531 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2022.07.017
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth*
  16. Alrashdan MS, Arzmi MH, Ahmad Kamil WN, Al Kawas S, Leao JC
    Ital J Dermatol Venerol, 2023 Oct;158(5):408-418.
    PMID: 37916401 DOI: 10.23736/S2784-8671.23.07676-4
    The oral mucosa can be involved in a wide variety of mucocutaneous conditions that may present primarily in the mouth or affect other cutaneous or mucosal sites. Many of these conditions are immune mediated and typically present as inflammatory mucosal pathology. Patients experiencing such conditions usually seek medical evaluation and treatment due to the associated pain and discomfort and occasionally taste disturbance or dysphagia and the overall deterioration in the oral health-related quality of life. These conditions share some common features and there could be some overlapping in their clinical presentation, which can lead to delays in diagnosis and proper management of patients. Clinicians dealing with such disorders, including dermatologists, need to be aware of the oral manifestations of mucocutaneous conditions, their clinical features, underlying mechanisms, diagnostic approaches, and treatment options, as well as the recent advances in the research on these conditions. This review provides a comprehensive, evidence-based reference for clinicians, with updated insights into a group of immune mediated conditions known to cause oral mucosal pathology. Part one will cover oral lichen planus, erythema multiforme and systemic lupus erythematosus, while part two will cover pemphigus vulgaris and mucous membrane pemphigoid, recurrent aphthous stomatitis, in addition to the less common disorders linear IgA disease, dermatitis herpetiformis and epidermolysis bullosa.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Mucosa/pathology
  17. Nazar NSBM, Ramanathan A, Ghani WMN, Rokhani FB, Jacob PS, Sabri NEB, et al.
    Clin Oral Investig, 2024 Jan 16;28(1):98.
    PMID: 38225483 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05481-6
    OBJECTIVES: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the diagnostic potential of salivary metabolomics in the detection of oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer (OC).

    MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic review was performed in accordance with the 3rd edition of the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Electronic searches for articles were carried out in the PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. The quality assessment of the included studies was evaluated using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) and the new version of the QUADOMICS tool. Meta-analysis was conducted whenever possible. The effect size was presented using the Forest plot, whereas the presence of publication bias was examined through Begg's funnel plot.

    RESULTS: A total of nine studies were included in the systematic review. The metabolite profiling was heterogeneous across all the studies. The expression of several salivary metabolites was found to be significantly altered in OPMDs and OCs as compared to healthy controls. Meta-analysis was able to be conducted only for N-acetylglucosamine. There was no significant difference (SMD = 0.15; 95% CI - 0.25-0.56) in the level of N-acetylglucosamine between OPMDs, OC, and the control group.

    CONCLUSION: Evidence for N-acetylglucosamine as a salivary biomarker for oral cancer is lacking. Although several salivary metabolites show changes between healthy, OPMDs, and OC, their diagnostic potential cannot be assessed in this review due to a lack of data. Therefore, further high-quality studies with detailed analysis and reporting are required to establish the diagnostic potential of the salivary metabolites in OPMDs and OC.

    CLINICAL RELEVANCE: While some salivary metabolites exhibit significant changes in oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) and oral cancer (OC) compared to healthy controls, the current evidence, especially for N-acetylglucosamine, is inadequate to confirm their reliability as diagnostic biomarkers. Additional high-quality studies are needed for a more conclusive assessment of salivary metabolites in oral disease diagnosis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Diseases*
  18. Siar CH, Tan BH
    J Oral Sci, 2000 Dec;42(4):205-10.
    PMID: 11269378
    The turnaround time (TAT) for oral biopsies received for histological examination by the Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Medicine and Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, for the years 1978, 1988 and 1998 was evaluated. For the three years studied, TATs for 61, 233 and 463 specimens were retrospectively analysed. Testing intervals, that is, from the dates the surgeons procured the specimens, the laboratories accessioned them and until the pathologists signed off the diagnoses, were used to calculate TAT. The performance level of the respective pathologists, the growth of tissue diagnostic services and the possible variables that influence TAT were also evaluated. As prompt diagnosis means prompt treatment, which in turn has a bearing on prognosis, the TAT pertinent to oral malignant tumors was emphasized. The mean TAT, its mode and median fell significantly in 1998 compared with the previous 2 years; it was lower for soft tissue than for hard tissue specimens, and lower for malignant, than for non-malignant specimens. The progression of tissue diagnostic services is up to a satisfactory level, as 88.89 % of biopsies could render diagnoses within a fair period of time in 1998.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Mucosa/pathology; Mouth Neoplasms/diagnosis; Mouth Neoplasms/pathology*
  19. Jalil AA, Zain RB, van der Waal I
    Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2005 Aug;43(4):336-8.
    PMID: 15993288
    The diagnosis of Darier disease of the oral mucosa was made only after biopsying a leukoplakia-like lesion of the palate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Mouth Diseases/pathology*; Mouth Mucosa/pathology
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