MyMedR

The location of the mental foramen in a selected Malay population

Ngeow WC, Yuzawati Y

J Oral Sci, 2003 Sep;45(3):171-5.

Knowledge of the position of the mental foramen is important both when administering regional anesthesia and performing periapical surgery in the mental region of the mandible. This study determines the position of the mental foramen in a selected Malay population. One hundred and sixty nine panoramic radiographs of Malay patients retrieved from a minor oral surgery waiting list were selected to identify the normal range for the position of the mental foramen. The foramen was not included in the study if there was any mandibular tooth missing between the lower left and right first molars (36-46). The findings indicated the most common position for the mental foramen was in line with the longitudinal axis of the second premolar (69.2%) followed by a location between the first and second premolar (19.6%). The right and left foramina were bilaterally symmetrical in three of six recorded positions in 67.7% patients. The mental foramen was most often in line with the second premolar.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin/anatomy & histology*; Chin/radiography

A radiographic study on the visualization of the anterior loop in dentate subjects of different age groups

Ngeow WC, Dionysius DD, Ishak H, Nambiar P

J Oral Sci, 2009 Jun;51(2):231-7.

PMID: 19550091

The anterior loop is defined as where the mental neurovascular bundle crosses anterior to the mental foramen then doubles back to exit the mental foramen. It cannot be seen clinically but can be detected in 11-60% of panoramic radiographs. As this anatomical structure is important in determining the placement position of endosseous implants in the mandibular premolar region, a pilot study was undertaken to determine its visibility on dental panoramic radiographs in dentate subjects of various age groups. One or more anterior loops were visible in 39 (40.2%) radiographs encompassing 66 sites (34.4%). Interestingly, anterior loops were most commonly observed bilaterally, followed by on the right side of the mandible only. An anterior loop on the left side only was observed in just 1 radiograph. Visibility of anterior loops reduced as the age of subjects increased. More than half (58.1%) of subjects aged 20-29 years exhibited at least one anterior loop; this gradually reduced to only 15 percent of subjects aged 50 and older. There was no association between visualization of the anterior loop and subject gender.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin/blood supply; Chin/innervation; Chin/radiography*

The Patient's Charter - Validating actual services provided to the outpatient

Khoo CM, Lim YL, Abdul H, Zaharudin R, Sharipah A, Azirawati J, et al.

JUMMEC, 1997;2:107-110.

The Patient's Charter tells about the rights and standard of service a patient can expect. However, little information is available to gauge the reality of the charter in real practice. This survey was performed to determine the validity of the charter to the services provided and to identify areas of improvement if the charter is to be revised. A questionnaire-based survey was used to seek information from 196 patients who attended the Outpatient Department in Banting District Hospital over a period of four days. The overall waiting time for registration, to be seen by a doctor and for medication were 17.4 ± 2.0 minutes, 25.3 ± 2.6 minutes and 15.8 ± 1.3 minutes respectively. The overall waiting time for the whole consultation was 61.4 ± 4.9 minutes. Only 30.8% respondents knew about the Patient's Charter. The Patient's Charter appears to be valid for the actual services provided. There have to be measures to increase the awareness of the charter to the public perhaps via pamphlets and to provide a multi-linguistic charter.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Amlodipine affects plasma angiotensinogen level: indirect evidence

Rosnah I, Lam SK, Chua CT

JUMMEC, 1997;2:31-34.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Fulltext Psychosocial mechanisms of change in symptoms of Persistent Complex Bereavement Disorder amongst refugees from Myanmar over the course of Integrative Adapt Therapy

Tay AK, Khat Mung H, Badrudduza M, Balasundaram S, Fadil Azim D, Arfah Zaini N, et al.

Eur J Psychotraumatol, 2020 Sep 16;11(1):1807170.

PMID: 33062211 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2020.1807170

Background: The ability to adapt to the psychosocial disruptions associated with the refugee experience may influence the course of complicated grief reactions. Objective: We examine these relationships amongst Myanmar refugees relocated to Malaysia who participated in a six-week course of Integrative Adapt Therapy (IAT). Method: Participants (n = 170) included Rohingya, Chin, and Kachin refugees relocated to Malaysia. At baseline and six-week post-treatment, we applied culturally adapted measures to assess symptoms of Prolonged Complex Bereavement Disorder (PCBD) and adaptive capacity to psychosocial disruptions, based on the Adaptive Stress Index (ASI). The ASI comprises five sub-scales of safety/security (ASI-1); bonds and networks (ASI-2); injustice (ASI-3); roles and identity (ASI-4); and existential meaning (ASI-5). Results: Multilevel linear models indicated that the relationship between baseline and posttreatment PCBD symptoms was mediated by the ASI scale scores. Further, ASI scale scores assessed posttreatment mediated the relationship between baseline and posttreatment PCBD symptoms. Mediation of PCBD change was greatest for the ASI II scale representing disrupted bonds and networks. Conclusion: Our findings are consistent with the informing model of IAT in demonstrating that changes in adaptive capacity, and especially in dealing with disrupted bonds and networks, may mediate the process of symptom improvement over the course of therapy.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Fulltext Natural features technique for non-contact three dimensional craniofacial anthropometry using stereophotogrammetry

Majid, Z., Chong, A., Setan, H., Ahmad, A., Rajion, Z.A.

Archives of Orofacial Sciences, 2006;1(1):42-50.

MyJurnal

This paper describes the use of stereophotogrammetry approach to measure and hence identify accurately threedimensional (3D) coordinates of important landmarks on a craniofacial surface. A "novel" technique dubbed as "natural features" technique was employed to accurately compute the 3D coordinates of selected craniofacial landmarks. The natural features technique involves the use of 3D coordinates of the natural features (such as acne, scar, corners of eyes, edge of mouth, point of chin, etc.) that appear on the craniofacial surface as an absolute stereophotogrammetric mapping control points. The 3D coordinates of the natural features were gained using digital photogrammetric bundle adjustment method. Validation of the proposed technique has firstly been carried out using mannequin and finally, it was applied on the real-life human faces. The result shows that the craniofacial landmark measurement accuracy of 0.8mm with one standard deviation can be successfully achieved by the proposed technique.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Isolation of Legionella from cooling towers and potable water systems in hospital and non-medical buildings in a university campus

Chin KS, Rosli AA, Wee CSL, Ngeow YF

JUMMEC, 2005;8:23-27.

Six cooling towers and eleven sources of potable water in a university campus in Kuala Lumpur were surveyed for the presence of legionellae. One nonmedical building cooling tower and three hot water systems from one ward of the hospital tested positive for Legionella, two of which contained Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1. The identification of Legionella was based on isolation, immunofluorescence and polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Fulltext The Clinikal Conundrum Of A Numb Chin

Ghazali, N., Ismail, S.M., Abdul Rahman, Z.A.

Ann Dent, 2001;8(1):-.

MyJurnal

Mental nerve neuropathy is an important presenting complaint that may be encountered by dental surgeons in their daily practise. There are various pathological processes that could bring about this symptom, ranging. from simple dental cause to vague, life threatening diseases. We present three cases of mental paraesthesia of different aetiologies. A literature review on mental nerve neuropathy related to malignancies and infection is discussed. The importance of a thorough chair side history taking, clinical examination and relevant investigations are emphasised in a suggested clinical approach to obtaining the diagnosis of a numb chin.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Knowledge, attitude and practice of parents of children with Thalassaemia towards their children's disease.Pengetahuan, sikap serta tindakan yang diambil oleh ibubapa kanak-kanak berpenyakit Thalassaemia terhadap penyakit anak mereka.]

Krishnan R, Chin WL, Sinniah D

Family Physician, 1991;3:24-27.

We studied the knowledge, attitude and practice of 27 parents of children with Thalassaemia towards their children's disease. The parents' knowledge was satisfactory. Most of them did not reveal details of the disease to their affected children. Some of them had further children despite being explained the risk of recurrence. Parents found it difficult to obtain regular blood donors and some had to resort to 'buying' blood. The Malaysian Association of Thalassaemia has a role to play in the education of patients, their parents and the public.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Pattern of head injury in motorcycle fatalities

Ong BB, Krishnan R, Lee P

JUMMEC, 2000;5:33-35.

Head injury contributes to a significant proportion of motorcycle fatalities. The site and pattern of head injury in victims of fatal motorcycle crashes in 1995 were studied retrospectively. The site of impact on the head was determined based on the injuries on the scalp, pattern of skull fractures and injuries of the brain. Of 54 cases, 9 had massive crush injuries. Of the remaining 45 cases, the site of impact was as follows: frontal 21, lateral 14, posterior 4, vertex 1, chin 1 and unascertainable in 4 cases. The majority of injuries occurred on the front and lateral aspects of the skull. Motorcycle helmets are currently tested for impact energy attenuation and penetration test at the vertex. Helmet standards need to take into account site and nature of injury. KEYWORDS: Head injury, motorcycle fatalities, helmet standards.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Paediatric mandibular fractures: report of a case

Qadri GW, Mokhtar SM

Dent Traumatol, 2008 Dec;24(6):e67-70.

PMID: 19021642 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2008.00700.x

The conservative approach in the treatment of maxillofacial trauma in children has been widely adopted. The type of fracture and its presence within the growing facial skeleton along with the presence of tooth buds may result in different management strategies to that employed in adults. An understanding of conservative treatment options is essential to make informed choices which will best manage these injuries, and an example is presented in this paper. This case report describes a 14-year-old boy who sustained trauma to the chin as a result of a fall, causing a mandibular symphyseal fracture. He was successfully treated by the means of applying direct interdental wiring combined with an acrylic splint.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin/injuries

Median mental sinus in twins

Ong ST, Ngeow WC

Dent Update, 1999 May;26(4):163-5.

PMID: 10765768

Sinus on the chin can be the result of a chronic apical abscess due to pulp necrosis of a mandibular anterior tooth. The tooth is usually asymptomatic, and a dental cause is therefore not apparent to the patient or the unsuspecting clinician. Not infrequently, the patient may seek treatment from a dermatologist or general surgeon instead of a dentist. Excision and repair of the fistula may be carried out with subsequent breakdown because the dental pathology is not removed. This paper reports the presence of median mental sinus of dental origin in twins. One case healed following root canal therapy while the other required both root canal therapy and surgery to eliminate the infection.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin*

Fulltext Numb chin syndrome: an ominous sign of mandibular metastasis

Razak A, Goh BS, Rajaran JR, Nazimi AJ

BMJ Case Rep, 2018 May 14;2018.

PMID: 29764822 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2017-223586

A 51-year-old woman a known case of stage 2 breast carcinoma in 2006 and underwent left mastectomy performed in the same year presented with bilateral lower limb pain suggestive of spinal pathology, and left chin numbness, both of 2 weeks' duration. Examination revealed left mandibular hypoesthesia without any other sign or symptoms. Orthopantomogram was unremarkable apart from mild alveolar bone expansion at tooth 36 area, which was extracted 3 months earlier. Subsequently, a full-body positron emission tomography contrast enhanced computer tomography revealed hypermetabolic lesions of her axial (excluding skull) and appendicular skeleton. In the head and neck region, left mandibular foramen and oropharynx bilaterally showed increased metabolism suggestive of tumour metastasis. The diagnosis was numb chin syndrome secondary to mandibular metastasis. Apart from supportive treatment, she was started on palliative chemotherapy and radiotherapy. At the time of discharge, there were no active complaints other than the aforementioned hypoesthesia.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin*

Variations in prevalence and risk profiles for Common Mental Disorders amongst Rohingya, Chin and Kachin refugees from Myanmar

Tay AK, Mohsin M, Hau KM, Badrudduza M, Balasundaram S, Morgan K, et al.

Psychol Med, 2020 Sep 11.

PMID: 32914737 DOI: 10.1017/S0033291720003104

BACKGROUND: Large variations in prevalence rates of common mental disorder (CMD) amongst refugees and forcibly displaced populations have raised questions about the accuracy and value of epidemiological surveys in these cross-cultural settings. We examined the associations of sociodemographic indices, premigration traumatic events (TEs), postmigration living difficulties (PMLDs), and psychosocial disruptions based on the Adaptive Stress Index (ASI) in relation to CMD prevalence amongst the Rohingya, Chin and Kachin refugees originating from Myanmar and relocated to Malaysia.

METHODS: Parallel epidemiological studies were conducted in areas where the three groups were concentrated in and around Malaysia (response rates: 80-83%).

RESULTS: TE exposure, PMLDs and ASI were significantly associated with CMD prevalence in each group but the Rohingya recorded the highest exposure to all three of these former indices relative to Chin and Kachin (TE: mean = 11.1 v. 8.2 v. 11; PMLD: mean = 13.5 v. 7.4 v. 8.7; ASI: mean = 128.9 v. 32.1 v. 35.5). Multiple logistic regression analyses based on the pooled sample (n = 2058) controlling for gender and age, found that ethnic group membership, premigration TEs (16 or more TEs: OR, 2.00; 95% CI, 1.39-2.88; p < 0.001), PMLDs (10-15 PMLDs: OR, 4.19; 95% CI, 3.17-5.54; 16 or more PMLDs: OR, 7.23; 95% CI, 5.24-9.98; p < 0.001) and ASI score (ASI score 100 or greater: OR, 2.19; 95% CI, 1.46-3.30; p < 0.001) contributed to CMD.

CONCLUSIONS: Factors specific to each ethnic group and differences in the quantum of exposure to TEs, PMLDs and psychosocial disruptions appeared to account in large part for differences in prevalence rates of CMDs observed across these three groups.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Fulltext Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood: a severe case with fatal outcome

Yee Lin Lee, Hasyma Abu Hassan, Intan Hakimah Ismail

Malaysian Journal of Medicine and Health Sciences, 2020;16(2):323-325.

MyJurnal

Acute necrotizing encephalopathy of childhood (ANEC) is a rare condition which is important for clinicians to recognize as it has a high mortality rate and can result in significant neurological morbidities. It presents as acute encephalopathy with radiological findings of symmetrical brain lesions in bilateral thalami, putamen, brain stem teg- mentum, internal capsule, periventricular white matter and cerebellar medulla. Intravenous methylprednisolone is the mainstay of treatment. Immunoglobulin therapy and therapeutic hypothermia may be used as adjunctive therapy in cases with severe clinical and neuroradiological presentation. We present a case of severe ANEC and discuss the clinical manifestations, neuroimaging and management options.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin

Cephalometric analysis of Malay children with and without unilateral cleft lip and palate

Ebin LE, Zam NM, Othman SA

Aust Orthod J, 2010 Nov;26(2):165-70.

PMID: 21175027

To investigate the craniofacial morphology of Malay children with repaired UCLP and compare the data with non-cleft Malay children.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin/pathology

Lim MY, Lim WW, Rajan S, Nambiar P, Ngeow WC

Eur Arch Paediatr Dent, 2015 Oct;16(5):397-407.

PMID: 25894248 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-015-0184-x

To observe age-related changes in the locations of mandibular foramen (MF) and mental foramen (mf) using dental panoramic tomographs (DPTs).

Matched MeSH terms: Chin/growth & development; Chin/radiography; China/ethnology

Reproducibility of facial soft tissue landmarks on facial images captured on a 3D camera

Othman SA, Ahmad R, Mericant AF, Jamaludin M

Aust Orthod J, 2013 May;29(1):58-65.

PMID: 23785939

Fast and non-invasive systems of the three-dimensional (3D) technology are a recent trend in orthodontics. The reproducibility of facial landmarks is important so that 3D facial measurements are accurate and may-be applied clinically. The aim of this study is to evaluate the reproducibility of facial soft tissue landmarks using a non-invasive stereo-photogrammetry 3D camera.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin/anatomy & histology

Facial dimensions of Malay children with repaired unilateral cleft lip and palate: a three dimensional analysis

Zreaqat M, Hassan R, Halim AS

Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2012 Jun;41(6):783-8.

PMID: 22424709 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2012.02.003

This comparative cross-sectional study assessed the facial surface dimensions of a group of Malay children with unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) and compared them with a control group. 30 Malay children with UCLP aged 8-10 years and 30 unaffected age-matched children were voluntarily recruited from the Orthodontic Specialist Clinic in Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (HUSM). For the cleft group, lip and palate were repaired and assessment was performed prior to alveolar bone grafting and orthodontic treatment. The investigation was carried out using 3D digital stereophotogrammetry. 23 variables and two ratios were compared three-dimensionally between both groups. Statistically significant dimensional differences (P<0.05) were found between the UCLP Malay group and the control group mainly in the nasolabial region. These include increased alar base and alar base root width, shorter upper lip length, and increased nose base/mouth width ratio in the UCLP group. There were significant differences between the facial surface morphology of UCLP Malay children and control subjects. Particular surgical procedures performed during primary surgeries may contribute to these differences and negatively affect the surgical outcome.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin/pathology

Spectrum and management of dentofacial deformities in a multiethnic Asian population

Chew MT

Angle Orthod, 2006 Sep;76(5):806-9.

PMID: 17029514

The aim of this retrospective study is to investigate the spectrum and management of dentofacial deformities in a multiethnic Asian community.

Matched MeSH terms: Chin/surgery; China/ethnology

Displaying all 20 publications