METHODS: Participants were recruited in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) from multiple UK hospitals, including fifty-nine patients with abdominal sepsis, eighty-four patients with pulmonary sepsis, forty-two SIRS patients with Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (OOHCA), sampled at four time points, in addition to thirty healthy control donors. Multiple clinical parameters were measured, including SOFA score, with many differences observed between SIRS and sepsis groups. Differential gene expression analyses were performed using microarray hybridization and data analyzed using a combination of parametric and non-parametric statistical tools.
RESULTS: Nineteen high-performance, differentially expressed mRNA biomarkers were identified between control and combined SIRS/Sepsis groups (FC>20.0, p<0.05), termed 'indicators of inflammation' (I°I), including CD177, FAM20A and OLAH. Best-performing minimal signatures e.g. FAM20A/OLAH showed good accuracy for determination of severe, systemic inflammation (AUC>0.99). Twenty entities, termed 'SIRS or Sepsis' (S°S) biomarkers, were differentially expressed between sepsis and SIRS (FC>2·0, p-value<0.05).
DISCUSSION: The best performing signature for discriminating sepsis from SIRS was CMTM5/CETP/PLA2G7/MIA/MPP3 (AUC=0.9758). The I°I and S°S signatures performed variably in other independent gene expression datasets, this may be due to technical variation in the study/assay platform.
METHODS: Institutional review board approval was obtained from National Medical Research Register (NMRR ID-21-02052-VIL). We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients who underwent TPPBx between August 2020 and April 2022. Records were reviewed for patients' characteristics, prostate volume, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) results, biopsy results and pain tolerability. Data was analyzed to determine PCa and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) detection rate. LA was achieved using perineal skin infiltration and a periprostatic nerve block. The commonly used standard side-firing transrectal ultrasound with its Prostate Biplane Transducer was used as an imaging guide. The principles of the Ginsburg protocol were followed. Pain tolerability was assessed using a visual analog scale.
RESULTS: A total of 55 patients with elevated PSA levels underwent freehand TPPBx under LA. The mean age was 67.3 years, the median PSA was 14.2 ng/mL, and the median PSA density (PSAD) was 0.33 ng/mL/cc. The optimal PSAD cutoff for predicting csPCa was 0.35 ng/mL/cc (area under the curve [AUC], 0.792; sensitivity, 87.5%; specificity, 69.2%). PCa was detected in 24 patients (43.6%), of whom 16 (29.1%) had csPCa. The median pain scores during LA infiltration and biopsy were four and two, respectively, which were significant different (P
NEW INFORMATION: The genus Serendib Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 is reviewed. A new species, S.hispida sp. n. (male and female), representing the first record of genus Serendib from Malaysia, is described. Descriptions and illustrations of the females of S.volans (Malaysia) and S.suthepica (China) are also provided. The latter represents the first record of the genus in China.
NEW INFORMATION: Twenty five fish species are recorded for the first time in the Kenyir Reservoir.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Virus isolates from 2016 to 2021 were extracted from dog brains and sequenced at the nucleoprotein gene locus. They were compared with data sequences available in the GenBank database. Indonesian RABV from the previous three periods (before 1989, 1997-2003, and 2008-2010) was extracted from the GenBank database. The genetic diversity in this study was based on the N gene of Indonesian RABV.
RESULTS: Asian RABV, which is genetically close to the Indonesian virus, is a virus from China (ASIA-3 cluster) and from the Southeast Asia region, namely, virus isolates from Sarawak and Malaysia and some Cambodian isolates. Rabies virus, which was isolated from the Bali islands, was the new cluster first detected and published in Bali, Indonesia, in 2008, while RABV from West Sumatra Province, which was isolated from 2016 to 2021, was also considered a new cluster that is genetically distant from other clusters in Indonesia.
CONCLUSION: The RABV in Indonesia is divided into five clusters. The isolates from West Sumatra Province from 2016 to 2021 were a new cluster genetically distant from other Indonesian viruses.
METHODS: This study was conducted with 314 participants from Delhi's Sanjay Colony, divided into control and intervention groups. The study spanned 14 months (August 2020 to September 2021). The intervention program comprised two educational sessions held one month apart, covering dengue awareness, health self-care, and environmental maintenance. Data were collected at baseline, after each intervention session, and during a final follow-up assessment three months later.
RESULTS: The primary outcome, the house index (HI), revealed statistically significant differences (P<0.001) favoring the intervention group. The total score (TS) for mosquito-borne disease, TS of knowledge, TS of attitude, and TS of practices all exhibited significant improvements in the intervention group. Participants showed an enhanced understanding of dengue causes, symptoms, and mosquito behavior related to breeding and biting. The HI in the intervention group decreased significantly from 21.65% to 4.45% (P<0.05).
CONCLUSION: This study, grounded in the health belief model (HBM), demonstrated the effectiveness of the intervention program in reducing HI and improving knowledge and preventive practices regarding dengue fever in impoverished urban neighborhoods of Delhi. The intervention program may be beneficial in such a poor urban community.
MATERIAL AND METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort study that comprised dental study models of 74 UCLP Saudi children aged 8-10 years who were recruited from 14 referral cleft centers. All participants had their cleft lip and palate repaired with no history of alveolar bone graft or any orthodontic treatment. Dental arch relationships of UCLP patients were assessed using the Great Ormond Street, London, and Oslo (GOSLON) Yardstick-a clinical tool that categorizes dental relationships of UCLP children into five discrete grades from I to V. The reliability of the rating was assessed with weighted kappa (κ) statistics.
RESULTS: Three children (4.1%) had excellent surgical outcomes (grade I), 18 children (24.3%) filled into grade II (good outcome), 22 subjects (29.7%) had grade III (fair outcome), 27 children (36.5%) had grade IV (poor outcome), and 4 subjects (5.4%) were ranked as having very poor outcomes (grade V). The mean GOSLON score was 3.39. Intrarater and interrater agreements were high indicating good reproducibility.
CONCLUSION: Based on the dental arch relationships, the treatment outcome of UCLP Saudi children was unsatisfactory, with a mean GOSLON score of 3.39. Delayed palate repair and the use of presurgical orthopedics may be considered in the future for cleft deformity management.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE: To address the effect of particular cleft surgical protocol on dental arch relationships of UCLP patients. How to cite this article: Alforaidi S, Zreaqat M, Hassan R. Dental Arch Relationships of Saudi Children with Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate. J Contemp Dent Pract 2023;24(12):987-990.
METHODS: Using a simple random sampling method, a retrospective community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from July 12, 2021 to October 17, 2021, among 306 postnatal women within 15 to 49 years who had delivered within the last six months. We conducted descriptive analyses, and the Pearson chi-square test of association between the sociodemographic factors and obstetrics history with the outcome variable, choice of place of birth. Lastly, significant variables in the chi-square test were entered into adjusted multivariate logistics regression to determine their association with the place of delivery. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version-25, with statistical significance set at a p-value of 0.05.
RESULTS: The study reported a facility delivery rate of 82%, which is slightly higher than the national target (80%). We observed that age group [AOR 2.34 (1.07-5.14)], marital status [AOR 0.31 (0.12-0.81)], ethnicity [AOR 3.78 (1.18-12.13)], and couple's occupation [AOR 24.74 (2.51-243.91)] were the significant sociodemographic factors influencing facility delivery. The number of antenatal care (ANC) attendance [AOR 8.73 (3.41 - 22.2)] and previous pregnancy complications [AOR 2.4 (1.11 - 5.7)] were the significant obstetrics factors influencing facility delivery.
CONCLUSION AND GLOBAL HEALTH IMPLICATIONS: We found that specific sociodemographic and obstetric factors significantly influence the choice of place of delivery in the study area. To address this, the study recommends targeted interventions that focus on providing support and resources for women from different age groups, marital statuses, ethnicities, and occupational backgrounds to access facility delivery services. Additionally, improving ANC attendance and effectively managing pregnancy complications were highlighted as important measures to encourage facility-based deliveries.
MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES: Between April 2015 and July 2017, 46 embolization treatments for brain arteriovenous malformations (BAVM) were performed in 25 patients using two Squid formulations (18 and 12). Six female and 19 male patients with a mean age of 34 years (range, 9-62 years) were included. A total of 46 procedures were performed. The BAVMs were classified as Spetzler-Martin grade II in 4 procedures, III in 27 procedures, and 1V in 15 procedures. Among the 25 patients, 15 presented with hemorrhage, 5 with seizures, and 5 with headache and neurology. The BAVMs were located in the temporal lobe in 5 patients, parietal lobe in 7 patients, frontal lobe in 3 patients, posterior fossa in 6 patients, basal ganglia in 3 patients, and parasagittal lobe in 1 patient.
RESULTS: The obliteration rate of the BAVMs ranged from 10% to 100%, with a mean of 33%. Most patients underwent their first or second embolization procedure. Four patients (8%) developed intracranial bleeding post-procedure, with one death (2%). One patient (2%) experienced a seizure during the procedure; however, no intracranial bleeding was observed. Seven patients (15%) experienced perforations during catheter manipulation. One case (2%) of a fractured catheter was recorded, but no significant complications were observed. The average volume of copolymer injected was 0.6 ml per nidus. Thirteen procedures used the Squid-12 formulation, 29 procedures used the Squid-18 formulation, and 3 procedures used a combination of Squid-12 and -18 formulations.
CONCLUSION: Squid is a safe and effective embolic agent for treating BAVMs.