Affiliations 

  • 1 Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  • 2 Department of Nursing, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
  • 3 School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
  • 4 Faculty of Business and Law, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia
  • 5 Department of Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
  • 6 Department of Psychology, Islamic Azad Univeristy, Tonekabon, Iran
Front Public Health, 2021;9:728904.
PMID: 34970522 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.728904

Abstract

Background: Several studies indicate a high prevalence of depression around the world during the period of the COVID-19 pandemic. Using a valid instrument to capture the depression of an individual in this situation is both important and timely. The present study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) among the public during the COVID-19 pandemic in Iran. Method: This is a cross-sectional study that was conducted in the Iranian population (n = 600) from April to July 2020. A two-part online form was used: sociodemographic characteristics and depression items (CES-D). The construct validity and internal consistency reliability of the scale were evaluated. Result: The results of the exploratory factor analysis illustrated two factors with 43.35% of the total variance of the depression were explained. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that this model fits well. Internal consistency reliability was evaluated, and it was acceptable. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated that, in the Iranian sample, this depression scale yielded two factors (somatic and positive affects) solutions with suitable psychometric properties.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.