Recent Developments and Challenges in Molecular-Targeted Therapy of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer

Rohilla S 1 , Singh M 2 , Alzarea SI 3 , Almalki WH 4 , Al-Abbasi FA 5 , Kazmi I 5 Show all authors , Afzal O 6 , Altamimi ASA 6 , Singh SK 7 , Chellappan DK 8 , Dua K 9 , Gupta G 10

Affiliations 

  • 1 SGT College of Pharmacy, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram, 122505, India
  • 2 Swami Keshvanand Institute of Pharmacy (SKIP), Raiser, Bikaner, 334803, India
  • 3 Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
  • 4 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
  • 5 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • 6 Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
  • 7 School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
  • 8 Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia
  • 9 Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia; Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
  • 10 Department of Pharmacology, Suresh GyanVihar University, Jagatpura, Jaipur, India; Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India; Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
J Environ Pathol Toxicol Oncol, 2023;42(1):27-50.
PMID: 36734951 DOI: 10.1615/JEnvironPatholToxicolOncol.2022042983

Abstract

Treatment of lung cancer with conventional therapies, which include radiation, surgery, and chemotherapy results in multiple undesirable adverse or side effects. The major clinical challenge in developing new drug therapies for lung cancer is resistance, which involves mutations and disturbance in various signaling pathways. Molecular abnormalities related to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), v-Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (B-RAF) Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (KRAS) mutations, translocation of the anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene, mesenchymal-epithelial transition factor (MET) amplification have been studied to overcome the resistance and to develop new therapies for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). But, inevitable development of resistance presents limits the clinical benefits of various new drugs. Here, we review current progress in the development of molecularly targeted therapies, concerning six clinical biomarkers: EGFR, ALK, MET, ROS-1, KRAS, and B-RAF for NSCLC treatment.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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