Reassortment and genomic analysis of a G9P[8]-E2 rotavirus isolated in China

Peng R 1 , Li D 2 , Wang J 3 , Xiong G 4 , Wang M 2 , Liu D 2 Show all authors , Wei Y 4 , Pang L 2 , Sun X 2 , Li H 2 , Kong X 2 , Shahar S 5 , Duan Z 6

Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia
  • 2 NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, Institute of Viral Disease Prevention and Control, National Health Commission, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
  • 3 Department of Pathogenic Biology, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
  • 4 College of Public Health, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, 730000, China
  • 5 Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Sciences, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, 81310, Malaysia. salehas@utm.my
  • 6 NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Viruses and Viral Diseases, Institute of Viral Disease Prevention and Control, National Health Commission, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China. zhaojund_73@163.com
Virol J, 2023 Jun 22;20(1):135.
PMID: 37349792 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-023-02064-5

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To isolate a prevalent G9P[8] group A rotavirus (RVA) (N4006) in China and investigate its genomic and evolutionary characteristics, with the goal of facilitating the development of a new rotavirus vaccine.

METHODS: The RVA G9P[8] genotype from a diarrhea sample was passaged in MA104 cells. The virus was evaluated by TEM, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and indirect immunofluorescence assay. The complete genome of virus was obtained by RT-PCR and sequencing. The genomic and evolutionary characteristics of the virus were evaluated by nucleic acid sequence analysis with MEGA ver. 5.0.5 and DNASTAR software. The neutralizing epitopes of VP7 and VP4 (VP5* and VP8*) were analyzed using BioEdit ver. 7.0.9.0 and PyMOL ver. 2.5.2.

RESULTS: The RVA N4006 (G9P[8] genotype) was adapted in MA104 cells with a high titer (105.5 PFU/mL). Whole-genome sequence analysis showed N4006 to be a reassortant rotavirus of Wa-like G9P[8] RVA and the NSP4 gene of DS-1-like G2P[4] RVA, with the genotype constellation G9-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E2-H1 (G9P[8]-E2). Phylogenetic analysis indicated that N4006 had a common ancestor with Japanese G9P[8]-E2 rotavirus. Neutralizing epitope analysis showed that VP7, VP5*, and VP8* of N4006 had low homology with vaccine viruses of the same genotype and marked differences with vaccine viruses of other genotypes.

CONCLUSION: The RVA G9P[8] genotype with the G9-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E2-H1 (G9P[8]-E2) constellation predominates in China and may originate from reassortment between Japanese G9P[8] with Japanese DS-1-like G2P[4] rotaviruses. The antigenic variation of N4006 with the vaccine virus necessitates an evaluation of the effect of the rotavirus vaccine on G9P[8]-E2 genotype rotavirus.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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