Functionalization of poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) nano‑calcium sulphate and fucoidan 3D scaffold using human bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells for bone tissue engineering application

Shaz N 1 , Maran S 2 , Genasan K 3 , Choudhary R 4 , Alias R 5 , Swamiappan S 6 Show all authors , Kamarul T 7 , Raghavendran HRB 8

Affiliations 

  • 1 National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
  • 2 School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia. 16150 Sunway, Malaysia
  • 3 National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Electronic address: krishna_82@um.edu.my
  • 4 Rudolfs Cimdins Riga Biomaterials Innovations and Development Centre of RTU, Faculty of Materials Science and Applied Chemistry, Institute of General Chemical Engineering, Riga Technical University, Pulka St 3, LV-1007 Riga, Latvia; Baltic Biomaterials Centre of Excellence, Headquarters at Riga Technical University, Kalku Street 1, LV-1658 Riga, Latvia
  • 5 Department of Manufacturing Technology, Faculty of Innovative Design & Technology, University Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
  • 6 Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India
  • 7 National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (AMDI), University Sains Malaysia, Bertam, Kepala Batas, 13200, Penang, Malaysia
  • 8 National Orthopaedic Centre of Excellence in Research and Learning (NOCERAL), Tissue Engineering Group (TEG), Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia; Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Biomaterials Laboratory, Faculty of Clinical Research, Central Research Facility, Porur, Chennai 116, India. Electronic address: h.balaji@sriramachandara.edu.in
Int J Biol Macromol, 2024 Jan;256(Pt 1):128059.
PMID: 37989428 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128059

Abstract

This study aimed to functionalize a novel porous PLGA (Poly lactic-co-glycolic acid) composite scaffold in combination with nano‑calcium sulphate (nCS) and/or fucoidan (FU) to induce osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells. The composite scaffolds (PLGA-nCS-FU, PLGA-nCS or PLGA-FU) were fabricated and subjected to characterization using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX). The biocompatibility and osteogenic induction potential of scaffolds on seeded human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stromal cells (hBMSCs) were studied using cell attachment and alamar blue cell viability and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteocalcin and osteogenic gene expression, respectively. The composition of different groups was reflected in FTIR, XRD and EDX. The SEM micrographs revealed a difference in the surface of the scaffold before and after FU addition. The confocal imaging and SEM micrographs confirmed the attachment of cells onto all three composite scaffolds. However, the AB assay indicated a significant increase (p 

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