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SARS-CoV-2 cross-sectional serosurvey across three HIV-1 therapeutic clinical trials in Africa

Papot E 1 , Tovar-Sanchez T 2 , Woods J 3 , Thaurignac G 2 , Eriobu N 4 , Borok M 5 Show all authors , Kaplan R 6 , Avihingsanon A 7 , Azwa I 8 , Grinsztejng B 9 , Kumarasamy N 10 , Sokhela S 3 , Mpoudi-Etame M 11 , Arriaga M 1 , Jacoby S 1 , Matthews GV 1 , Losso MH 12 , Khoo S 13 , Calmy A 14 , Kouanfack C 15 , Ayouba A 2 , Petoumenos K 16 , Venter WDF 3 , Delaporte E 2 , Polizzotto MN 1 , COHIVE study group

Affiliations 

  • 1 Therapeutic and Vaccine Research Program, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW, Australia
  • 2 TransVIHMI, University of Montpellier-IRD-INSERM, Montpellier, France
  • 3 Ezintsha, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
  • 4 Institute of Human Virology Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria
  • 5 University of Zimbabwe Clinical Research Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe
  • 6 Desmond Tutu Health Foundation, Cape Town, South Africa
  • 7 The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
  • 8 Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
  • 9 Instituto de Pesquisa Clinica Evandro Chagas-Fiocruz, Brazil
  • 10 Chennai Antiviral Research and Treatment Clinical Research Site, Infectious Diseases Medical Centre, Voluntary Health Services, Chennai, India
  • 11 Military Hospital Region N°1, Yaoundé, Cameroon
  • 12 Coordinación en Investigación Clínica Académica en Latinoamérica Fundación IBIS Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • 13 Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
  • 14 HIV/AIDS Unit Director, Geneva University Hospitals, Geneva, Switzerland
  • 15 Central Hospital of Yaoundé, Yaoundé, Cameroon
  • 16 Biostatistics and Databases Program, The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales Sydney, NSW
AIDS, 2025 Mar 15;39(4):448-456.
PMID: 39576151 DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000004068

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Data on the impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in people with HIV (PWH) are lacking in resource-constrained settings. We utilized existing randomized clinical trials (RCTs) on antiretroviral therapies (ART) in HIV-1 infection to conduct a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) serosurvey, between January and March 2021, while characterizing participants' features.

DESIGN: Cross-sectional serosurvey.

METHODS: Demographic characteristics, medical history and a serum sample were collected from consenting PWH. Samples were analyzed centrally for immunoglobulin G antibodies to recombinant nucleocapsid and spike proteins derived from SARS-CoV-2 using a Luminex based assay.

RESULTS: The 549 participants recruited in 9 sites across Africa had a median age of 40 years (interquartile range, IQR [34-45]); 63.0% (346) were female. All were on ART; 81.8% (449) had an HIV-1 viral load <50 copies/ml, with CD4 + cell count median at 478/mm 3 (IQR [320-677]). None had received vaccination against SARS-CoV-2. Forty participants (7.3%) had a prior SARS-CoV-2 PCR testing, of whom 10 were positive (1.8%). Crude SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence was 36.2% (95% confidence interval (CI) [32.2-40.4]). In the explorative multivariable analysis, comparison of the characteristics of PWH with a positive SARS-CoV-2 serology with those with a negative or indeterminate serology: PWH with a body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m 2 were more likely to have a positive serology than those with a BMI <25 (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 2.39 [1.48-3.86], P  

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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