Affiliations 

  • 1 Department of Surgery and Oncology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan
  • 2 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
  • 3 Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
  • 4 Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  • 5 Section of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
  • 6 Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
  • 7 Department of Family Medicine, Mie Prefectural Ichishi Hospital, Mie, Japan
  • 8 Director, Mie Prefectural Ichishi Hospital, Mie, Japan
  • 9 Department of General Internal Medicine, Japanese Red Cross Nagoya Daini Hospital, Aichi, Japan
  • 10 Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
  • 11 Department of Gastroenterology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 12 Department of Surgery, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Florida, USA
  • 13 Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
  • 14 Department of Surgery, Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Kitakyushu City Yahata Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
  • 15 Department of Surgery, Fujinomiya City General Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
  • 16 Minimally Invasive Surgery Center, Yotsuya Medical Cube, Tokyo, Japan
  • 17 Department of Gastroenterological and Pediatric Surgery, Oita University, Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
  • 18 Department of Surgery, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
  • 19 Department of Surgery, Ageo Central General Hospital, Saitama, Japan
  • 20 Department of Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
  • 21 Department of Surgery, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Korea
  • 22 Division of General Surgery, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
  • 23 Clinical Surgery, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
  • 24 Department of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Hospital Selayang, Malaysia
  • 25 Liau KH Consulting PL, Mt Elizabeth Novena Hospital, Singapore& Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
  • 26 Department of Surgery, Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
  • 27 Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
  • 28 Department of General and HPB Surgery, Loreto Nuovo Hospital, Naples, Italy
  • 29 First Department of Surgery, Agia Olga Hospital, Athens, Greece
  • 30 Department of Surgery, Hospital Italiano, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
  • 31 Chair of General Surgery and Minimal Invasive Surgery "Taquini", University of Buenos Aires Argentina, DAICIM Foundation, Argentina
  • 32 Department of Surgery, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
  • 33 Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
  • 34 Hepatobiliary Center, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France
  • 35 Department of Surgical Oncology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
  • 36 Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Seth G S Medical College and K E M Hospital, Mumbai, India
  • 37 Department of Surgery, Cheng Hsin General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
  • 38 Department of Surgery, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
  • 39 Hepatic Surgery Centre, Department of Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
  • 40 Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
  • 41 Department of Surgery, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
  • 42 Surgical Gastroenterology/Hepatopancreatobiliary Unit, University of Cape Town and Groote Schuur Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
  • 43 Division of Surgical and Specialty Services, Flinders Medical Centre, Adelaide, Australia
  • 44 Department of Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Komagome Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
  • 45 Department of Surgery, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan
  • 46 Department of Surgery, Toho University Ohashi Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
  • 47 Department of Surgery, Institute of Gastroenterology, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan
  • 48 Department of Hemodialysis and Surgery, Chemotherapy Research Institute Kaken Hospital, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba, Japan
  • 49 Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Fukuoka, Japan
  • 50 Department of Surgery, JR Sapporo Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan
  • 51 Director, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
  • 52 Department of Gastroenterology, Second Teaching Hospital, Fujita Health University, Aichi, Japan
J Hepatobiliary Pancreat Sci, 2018 Jan;25(1):87-95.
PMID: 28888080 DOI: 10.1002/jhbp.504

Abstract

Since the publication of the Tokyo Guidelines in 2007 and their revision in 2013, appropriate management for acute cholecystitis has been more clearly established. Since the last revision, several manuscripts, especially for alternative endoscopic techniques, have been reported; therefore, additional evaluation and refinement of the 2013 Guidelines is required. We describe a standard drainage method for surgically high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis and the latest developed endoscopic gallbladder drainage techniques described in the updated Tokyo Guidelines 2018 (TG18). Our study confirmed that percutaneous transhepatic gallbladder drainage should be considered the first alternative to surgical intervention in surgically high-risk patients with acute cholecystitis. Also, endoscopic transpapillary gallbladder drainage or endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage can be considered in high-volume institutes by skilled endoscopists. In the endoscopic transpapillary approach, either endoscopic naso-gallbladder drainage or gallbladder stenting can be considered for gallbladder drainage. We also introduce special techniques and the latest outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided gallbladder drainage studies. Free full articles and mobile app of TG18 are available at: http://www.jshbps.jp/modules/en/index.php?content_id=47. Related clinical questions and references are also included.

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.