Walnut intake may increase circulating adiponectin and leptin levels but does not improve glycemic biomarkers: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials

Yang L 1 , Guo Z 2 , Qi S 3 , Fang T 4 , Zhu H 1 , Santos HO 5 Show all authors , Khani V 6 , Wong CH 7 , Qiu Z 8

Affiliations 

  • 1 Departmentof Endocrinology, Shangrao People's Hospital, No.86 Shuyuan Road, Shangrao, Jiangxi, 334000, China
  • 2 Internal Medicine, Ji'an Detachment Health Team, Chinese Pepople's Armed Police Force, Ji'an, 343000, China
  • 3 Internal Medicine, Mobile Detachment Medical Team of Jiangxi Provincial General Corps, Chinese Pepople's Armed Police Force, Anyi, 330500, China
  • 4 Department of Emergency, Guangfeng People's Hospital, Yongfeng South Street, Shangrao, Jiangxi, 334600, China
  • 5 School of Medicine, Federal University of Uberlandia (UFU), Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
  • 6 Department of Radiology, Taleghani Hospital, Student Research Committee, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
  • 7 Department of Pharmacy, Serdang Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia
  • 8 Department of Emergency, Minhang Hospital, Fudan University, No. 170 Xinsong Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 201199, China. Electronic address: xuanxun0203@sina.com
Complement Ther Med, 2020 Aug;52:102505.
PMID: 32951753 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102505

Abstract

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVE: Walnut intake is considered a healthy dietary approach worldwide, particularly as a nutritional tool for the management of obesity and cardiometabolic disorders. Among these lines, leptin and adiponectin, as well as glycemic biomarkers, deserve further attention. We aimed to examine the impact of walnut intake on circulation levels of leptin and adiponectin through a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials (RCTs); secondarily, assessing the glycemic profile as well.

METHODS: The literature search was implemented in four following databases: Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed/Medline, and Google Scholar, thus, determining studies that measured the effects of walnut consumption on adiponectin, leptin, and glycemic biomarkers levels from 2004 up to December 2019.

RESULTS: Fourteen trials were include in the meta-analysis, with an intervention period ranging from 5 weeks to 12 months.Walnut intake increased leptin (weighted mean difference (WMD): 2.502 ng/mL; 95 % CI: 2.147-2.856, p 

* Title and MeSH Headings from MEDLINE®/PubMed®, a database of the U.S. National Library of Medicine.

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