MyMedR

Singh AP, Prasad U, Kumar N

Singapore Med J, 1983 Dec;24(6):367-73.

Clinical synopsis and investigations on fourteen patients with blast injuries of the ear successfully treated at the ENT Unit of the University Hospital, Kuala Lumpur, revealed few interesting observations in addition to usual findings. The most outstanding one was the absence of sensorineural deafness, although it has been claimed as one of the most constant features. Conservative management alone was found to be of significant value.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Gentamicin administration via peritoneal dialysis fluid: the risk of ototoxicity

Gendeh BS, Said H, Gibb AG, Aziz NS, Zahir ZM

J Laryngol Otol, 1991 Dec;105(12):999-1001.

PMID: 1787382

In a prospective study on 47 patients, 16 mg of gentamicin per two litres dialysate was administered intraperitoneally at every cycle of intermittent peritoneal dialysis, carried out over the course of several days. Serum gentamicin sampling, pure tone audiometry and caloric tests were performed before and during the treatment. The gentamicin levels reached at the end of the thirtieth cycle were observed to be low. In view of this, the risk of acute ototoxicity was considered to be minimal. This was confirmed by the absence of clinical audiometric or vestibulometric evidence of toxicity.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Gentamicin ototoxicity in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis

Gendeh BS, Said H, Gibb AG, Aziz NS, Kong N, Zahir ZM

J Laryngol Otol, 1993 Aug;107(8):681-5.

PMID: 8409715 DOI: 10.1017/s0022215100124132

A prospective study was undertaken of 10 chronic renal failure patients on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) complicated by repeated bouts of peritonitis treated with gentamicin. Each 10-day treatment course consisted of a 120 mg loading dose, followed by 16 mg in 21 of peritoneal dialysate, given four times a day. Serum gentamicin analysed by enzyme immunoassay showed a mean level of 5.2 micrograms/ml, (range 3.7 to 6.6 mg/ml) four hours after the loading dose. Similar levels, well within the therapeutic range, were maintained on the 3rd, 5th, 7th and 9th days of intraperitoneal gentamicin therapy, suggesting no accumulation of gentamicin in the serum. Pure tone audiometry, electronystagmography and clinical assessment were performed during each course of treatment. Although no evidence of ototoxicity was found during the first two courses of gentamicin, but disequilibrium and bobbing oscillopsia were present during the third and fourth courses of gentamicin. These findings could be explained by cumulative injury to the vestibular apparatus caused by repeated therapeutic insults.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Fulltext A review of the management of 107 dizzy patients at the university hospital

Krishnan G

Med J Malaysia, 1994 Mar;49(1):44-8.

PMID: 8057990

The common investigations done were pure tone audiometry, electronystagmography, X-ray of the internal auditory meatus, CT-scan of the internal auditory meatus and X-ray of the cervical spine. After the examinations and investigations only 52 patients out of the 107 could be given any diagnosis. The most common diagnosis for the vertigo was Meniere's disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Pure-tone audiometry and auditory brainstem responses in noise-induced deafness

Noorhassim I, Kaga K, Nishimura K

Am J Otolaryngol, 1996 1 1;17(1):31-5.

PMID: 8801813

PURPOSE: The objective of this study is to find the relationship between pure-tone audiometry results and the auditory brainstem response wave abnormalities.

SUBJECTS AND METHODS: The pure-tone audiometry (PTA) and auditory brainstem responses (ABRs) from 22 patients (44 ears) with diagnosed noise-induced permanent hearing loss were studied. Three indices of PTA were average thresholds of 0.5 kHz/, /1 kHz, and 2 kHz (PTA1); 2 kHz and 4 kHz (PTA2); and 4 kHz (PTA3) were subdivided into 3 thresholds of hearing. Their relationships with ABR results were analysed. The patterns of PTA from various groups of ABR wave patterns were studied.

RESULTS: In this study, the abnormal ABR wave patterns were detected in 72.7% of the ears. The ears with prolonged ABR wave latency, absent early waves, prolong interpeak wave I-V latency was 20.5%, 18.2%, and 21.1%, respectively. Normal ABRs were recorded in 27.3% of the ears despite marked thresholds elevation of the PTA at high frequencies. Other relationships between PTA results and ABR wave results were discussed.

CONCLUSION: There were relationships between severity of noise-induced hearing loss indicated by PTA and the patterns of ABR wave abnormalities among workers with noise-induced permanent hearing loss.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone*

Vancomycin administration in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis: the risk of ototoxicity

Gendeh BS, Gibb AG, Aziz NS, Kong N, Zahir ZM

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 1998 Apr;118(4):551-8.

PMID: 9560111

A prospective study was undertaken in 16 patients with chronic renal failure on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis, with 22 episodes of peritonitis treated with vancomycin, a known ototoxic agent. Twelve patients had one episode each, and four had recurrent peritonitis. Each treatment course consisted of two infusions of vancomycin (30 mg/kg body weight) in 2 L of peritoneal dialysate administered at 6-day intervals. Serum vancomycin analyzed by enzyme immunoassay showed a mean trough level of 11.00 microg/ml on day 6 and mean serum levels of 33.8 and 38.6 microg/ml about 12 hours after administration on days 1 and 7, respectively. Similar levels, well within the therapeutic range, were encountered with repeated vancomycin therapy for recurrent episodes of peritonitis, suggesting that no changes occurred in the pharmacokinetic profile of the drug. Pure-tone audiometry, electronystagmography, and clinical assessment performed during each course of treatment showed no evidence of ototoxicity even on repeated courses of vancomycin therapy. The results suggest that vancomycin therapy when given in appropriate concentrations as a single therapeutic agent is both effective and safe. We believe, however, that vancomycin administered in combination with an aminoglycoside may produce ototoxic effects that may be greatly aggravated, possibly because of synergism.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Multiplicative effect of smoking and age on hearing impairment

Noorhassim I, Rampal KG

Am J Otolaryngol, 1998 8 6;19(4):240-3.

PMID: 9692632

PURPOSE: To determine the combined effect of smoking and age on hearing impairment.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pure tone audiometry test was conducted on 263 residents of a rural village who were not exposed to noise. The pack-years of smoking were computed from the subjects' smoking history. The association between pack-years and hearing impairment was assessed. The combined effect of smoking and age on hearing impairment was determined based on prevalence rate ratio.

RESULTS: There was a statistically significant trend in the number of pack-years of smoking and age as risk factors for hearing impairment. The prevalence rates of hearing impairment for nonsmokers aged 40 years and younger, smokers aged 40 years and younger, nonsmokers older than 40 years of age, and smokers older than 40 years of age were 6.9%, 11.9%, 29.7%, and 51.3%, respectively. The prevalence rate ratio for nonsmokers aged 40 years and younger, smokers aged 40 years and younger, nonsmokers older than 40 years of age, and smokers older than 40 years of age (nonsmokers aged 40 years and younger as a reference group) was 1, 1.7, 4.3, and 7.5, respectively. The prevalence rate ratios showed a multiplicative effect of smoking and age on hearing impairment.

CONCLUSION: Age and smoking are risk factors for hearing impairment. It is clear that smoking and age have multiplicative adverse effects on hearing impairment.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Role of glucocorticoids in ototopical antibiotic-steroid preparations in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media

Indudharan R, Valuyeetham KA, Raju SS

Arch Med Res, 2005 Mar-Apr;36(2):154-8.

PMID: 15847949 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2004.12.012

It is conventional to use antibiotic-steroid combination eardrops, although the advantage of steroid combination has not been substantiated. The present prospective randomized comparative study is designed to assess the role of glucocorticoids in ototopical antibiotic-steroid preparations in the treatment of chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM).

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Role of impacted cerumen in hearing loss

Subha ST, Raman R

Ear Nose Throat J, 2006 Oct;85(10):650, 652-3.

PMID: 17124935

We performed a study to determine if cerumen in the ear canal causes significant hearing loss and to ascertain if there is any correlation between the amount of cerumen and the degree of hearing loss. Our study was conducted on 109 ears in 80 patients. The results indicated that impacted cerumen does cause a significant degree of conductive hearing loss. We found no significant correlation between the length of the cerumen plug and the severity of hearing loss. Nor did we find any significant correlation between the presence of impacted cerumen and variables such as age, sex, ethnicity, or affected side.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Relation of distortion product otoacoustic emission with tinnitus

Ami M, Abdullah A, Awang MA, Liyab B, Saim L

Laryngoscope, 2008 Apr;118(4):712-7.

PMID: 18176342 DOI: 10.1097/MLG.0b013e318161e521

To investigate cochlear outer hair cell function based on distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) in patients with tinnitus.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Medial olivocochlear functioning and speech perception in noise in older adults

Mukari SZ, Mamat WH

Audiol. Neurootol., 2008;13(5):328-34.

PMID: 18460868 DOI: 10.1159/000128978

The purposes of this study were to: (1) compare medial olivocochlear system (MOCS) functioning and speech perception in noise in young and older adults and (2) to quantify the correlation between MOCS functioning and speech perception in noise. Measurements were taken in 20 young (mean 26.3 +/- 2.1 years) and 20 older adults (mean 55.2 +/- 2.8 years). Contralateral distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) suppression was measured to assess MOCS functioning. Speech perception in noise was evaluated using the Hearing in Noise Test in noise-ipsilateral, noise-front and noise-contralateral test conditions. The results revealed that the older group had a significantly lower high-frequency (3-8 kHz) contralateral DPOAE suppression, and performed more poorly in the noise-ipsilateral condition than the younger group. However, there was no correlation between contralateral DPOAE suppression and speech perception in noise. This study suggests that poor speech perception performance in noise experienced by older adults might be due to a decline in medial olivocochlear functioning, among other factors.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Fulltext Tympanometric values in young Malay adults: preliminary data

Wahab NA, Rashid MF

Singapore Med J, 2009 Nov;50(11):1077-9.

PMID: 19960163

INTRODUCTION: The present study aimed to obtain preliminary tympanometric data of young Malay adults and to compare the results between genders.
METHODS: 96 undergraduate students (49 males and 47 females), aged 19-25 (mean and standard deviation 21.14 +/- 1.31) years, participated in this study. Otoscopic examination, pure tone audiometry, qualitative tympanogram and ipsilateral acoustic reflex were measured to ensure a clear ear canal, normal hearing and normal middle ear function, prior to tympanometric measurement. As a result, a total of 154 ears (80 ears from males and 74 ears from females) were selected for further statistical analyses. The tympanometric parameters measured were peak compensated static acoustic admittance (Peak Y(tm)), tympanometric width (TW) and equivalent ear canal volume (V(ea)).
RESULTS: The results showed that the mean Peak Y(tm), V(ea) and TW for males were 0.81 mmhos, 1.48 cubic cm and 113.67 daPa, respectively. The mean Peak Y(tm), V(ea) and TW for females were 0.63 mmhos, 1.12 cubic cm and 98.04 daPa, respectively. Males were found to have significantly higher mean V(ea) and mean Peak Y(tm) than females. However no significant gender difference was observed in the mean TW.
CONCLUSION: The current study suggests that young Malay adults may require gender-specific Peak Y(tm) and V(ea) values when implementing a quantitative approach in tympanogram interpretation.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Fulltext Visual analog scale in hearing loss

Bokari S, Prepageran N, Raman R

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2010 Jan;62(1):40-3.

PMID: 23120679 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-010-0004-x

OBJECTIVE: To determine if visual analog scale (VAS) that has been used to measure magnitude of internal states such as pain, mood and various functional capabilities can be applied for patients with hearing loss.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and sixty patients, aged 12-80 years with unilateral hearing loss were studied using a VAS (1-10) and pure tone audiometry (PTA) of responses to 500, 1,000 and 2,000 Hz to determine degree and type of hearing loss. The results of both were compared to determine if VAS can be used in measuring hearing loss.

RESULTS: Patients with mild, moderate hearing loss correlate well with corresponding VAS but other degrees of hearing loss (severe and profound) have poor correlation. The best correlation between PTA and VAS were found in conductive type of hearing loss.

CONCLUSION: This study suggest that there may be a role for VAS in mild and moderate hearing loss. This may be more applicable in rural setting as a screening procedure when audiometry is not available and can enhance clinical hearing assessment especially in mild-to-moderate conductive hearing loss.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Therapeutic approach in managing patients with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS)

Asma A, Anouk H, Luc VH, Brokx JP, Cila U, Van De Heyning P

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2010 May;74(5):474-81.

PMID: 20189254 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2010.01.023

To discuss the clinical approach in managing patients with large vestibular aqueduct syndrome.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Diagnostic challenges in tuberculous otitis media

Tang IP, Prepageran N, Ong CA, Puraviappan P

J Laryngol Otol, 2010 Aug;124(8):913-5.

PMID: 20426886 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215110000265

To demonstrate the different clinical presentations of tuberculous otitis media and the management of selected cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Fulltext Kebolehulangan respons auditori keadaan mantap pada golongan dewasa lanjut umur bermasalah pendengaran sensorineural

Akmaliza Ali, Ellin Fariza Selamat

Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia, 2010;8(1):19-24.

MyJurnal

Kajian terdahulu mendapati Respons Auditori Keadaan Mantap (ASSR) mempunyai variasi yang besar dalam meramal ambang pendengaran, manakala kebolehulangan ASSR masih kurang dilaporkan. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan kebolehulangan ASSR dalam menilai ambang pendengaran golongan dewasa lanjut umur yang bermasalah pendengaran sensorineural. Seramai 15 orang subjek berumur antara 55 hingga 75 tahun terlibat dalam kajian ini. Ambang pendengaran ditentukan menggunakan audiometri nada tulen (PTA) dan ASSR pada frekuensi 0.5, 1, 2 dan 4 kHz, di mana ASSR diulang pada 0.5 dan 1 kHz. Secara keseluruhannya, nilai ambang ASSR adalah lebih tinggi daripada PTA. ANOVA satu hala menunjukkan perbezaan antara ambang PTA dan ASSR adalah tidak signifikan pada semua frekuensi. Terdapat korelasi yang signifikan antara ambang PTA dan ambang ASSR pada 0.5 kHz (r = 0.77, p < 0.05), 1 kHz (r = 0.45, p < 0.05), 2 kHz (r = 0.58, p < 0.05) dan 4 kHz (r = 0.73, p < 0.05). Ujian t berpasangan menunjukkan tiada perbezaan signifikan antara ujian ASSR pertama dan ASSR ulangan pada frekuensi 0.5 kHz (t = 2.09, p > 0.05) dan 1 kHz (t = 0.436, p > 0.05). Korelasi Pearson menunjukkan korelasi yang sederhana di antara dua pengukuran ASSR pada 0.5 kHz (r = 0.68, p < 0.001) dan 1 kHz (r = 0.60, p < 0.001). Hasil kajian ini mendapati bahawa ambang pendengaran ASSR tidak berubah secara signifikan jika diulang uji dan ujian ASSR boleh disarankan sebagai alternatif kepada PTA dalam menentukan ambang pendengaran golongan dewasa lanjut usia bermasalah pendengaran sensorineural.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Hearing loss after noise exposure

Govindaraju R, Omar R, Rajagopalan R, Norlisah R, Kwan-Hoong N

Auris Nasus Larynx, 2011 Aug;38(4):519-22.

PMID: 21236610 DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2010.12.006

The higher field strength magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) such as 3 Tesla (T) and above generates noise that has potential detrimental effects on the hearing. Temporary threshold shifts following MRI examination have been reported for MRI with lower field strength. Such effect, however, have not been reported so far for a 3T MRI. We report a case that exemplifies the possible detrimental effects of a 3 T MRI generated noise on the auditory system. Our patient underwent investigation of his chronic backache in a 3 T MRI unit and developed hearing loss and tinnitus post-MRI examination. Hearing assessment was done using pure tone audiogram, distortion product otoacoustic emission (DPOAE) and brainstem electrical response audiometry (BERA) which revealed a unilateral sensorineural hearing loss which recovered within 3 days. However the tinnitus persisted. This is possibly a case of temporary threshold shift following noise exposure. However a sudden sensorineural hearing loss remains the other possibility.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Fulltext BMI, BP, visual acuity and hearing status of Special Olympics athletes in Sarawak

Toh, Teck Hock, Nurhilda Abdullah, Chua, Soh Yian, Muhamad Rais Abdullah, Islia Nahazatul, Chieng, Lee Ling

Int J Public Health Res, 2011;1(2):66-71.

MyJurnal

Introduction Special Olympics (SO) Inc. is an organization for people with intellectual disability (ID) to actively engaging in Olympic-type sport and participating in competition. Special Olympic Inc. provides Healthy Athletes Programme (HAP®) in screening and providing health education to Special Olympic Athletes. Objective To study the body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), visual acuity and hearing status of children and young adult with ID in Special Olympics Sarawak. Methods Health data were collected by trained health professionals under HAP®held in conjunction with Special Olympics Sarawak State Games on 17th and 18th April 2010 in Sibu. Health data collected were athletes' weight, BMI, BP, ear canal screen and hearing status (oto-acoustic emission, pure tone audiometry), as well as eye health and visual acuity, using guidelines set by HAP®. Results 195 athletes attended the State Games in 2010 of which 138 were screened. Significant number of athletes was considered overweight / obese (31.5% for children and 36.9% for adult). More than 20% of the adult athletes were hypertensive or at risk of hypertension. Sixteen percent of the adult athletes had hearing loss. More than half of the adult and children athletes never had eye checks, and a significant numbers of them had abnormal eye tests results. Conclusions Health screening conducted during the HAP® is a useful screening program in this population. Health data collected can bring awareness to athletes and their family, and corrective measures in hearing and visual impairment can be taken immediately.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Effects of Bluetooth device electromagnetic field on hearing: pilot study

Balachandran R, Prepageran N, Prepagaran N, Rahmat O, Zulkiflee AB, Hufaida KS

J Laryngol Otol, 2012 Apr;126(4):345-8.

PMID: 22310164 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215112000047

The Bluetooth wireless headset has been promoted as a 'hands-free' device with a low emission of electromagnetic radiation.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

Fulltext "High frequency presbycusis"-is there an earlier onset?

Arvin B, Prepageran N, Raman R

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2013 Dec;65(Suppl 3):480-4.

PMID: 24427701 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-011-0356-x

The objective of this study is to determine whether presbycusis occurs much earlier than previously believed if the high frequency (above 8 kHz) are included. Tertiary referral center (a teaching University). This is a cross-sectional observational study. Healthy adults from 20 to 49 years of age who had essentially normal hearing were included into the study. They were subjected to high frequency pure tone audiometry (until 16 kHz). Participants were grouped based on age ranges of 10 years (e.g., 20-29, 30-39, and 40-49) and the presence of symmetrical high frequency sensor neural hearing loss were documented. There is a significant presence of symmetrical high frequency sensor neural hearing loss (not attributed to any known risk factors) as early as from the age group of 40 to 49 years. Seven of 43 participants (16%) from age group of 20 to 29 years and 12 of 24 participants (50%) from age group of 30 to 39 years had significant high frequency hearing loss. High frequency hearing loss (high frequency Presbycusis) may occur much earlier than previously believed.

Matched MeSH terms: Audiometry, Pure-Tone

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