MyMedR

Fulltext Bilateral microtia, canal atresia and aplasia of cochleovestibular nerve

Asma A, Roslenda AR, Fadzilah I, Mazita A, Marina MB, Ab Aziz A

Med J Malaysia, 2017 04;72(2):135-137.

A six-month-old baby with congenital patent ductus arteriosus (PDA), bilateral microtia and canal atresia was referred for hearing assessment. The audiology assessment revealed bilateral profound hearing loss, which is atypical for a case of pure canal atresia. Imaging was performed much earlier than usual and, as suspected, the patient also had bilateral severe inner ear anomaly. It is extremely rare for a person to have both external and inner ear anomaly because of the different embryological origin. The only suitable hearing rehabilitation option for this kind of patients is brainstem implant. However, the parents had opted for sign language as a form of communication.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Canal/abnormalities*

Fulltext Intriguing aural foreign body and algorithm of management of foreign body

Ponnuvelu K, Saniasiaya J, Abdul Gani N

BMJ Case Rep, 2021 Aug 16;14(8).

PMID: 34400422 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-242122

Foreign body (FB) in the external auditory canal is more common among the paediatric age group compared with adult patients and it may be deposited in various ways. An accidental animate aural FB is reported to be commonly encountered in adults whereas inanimate FBs are likely to be found among adult patients with learning disability. An elderly man presented with accidental penetration of rattan tree stem into his ear while gardening. Removal of a FB from the external auditory canal requires expertise as deep penetration of a FB into the middle and inner ear may lead grave complications, especially when overzealous removal is attempted by nonear, nose and throat (ENT) personnel. This case emphasises on the importance of awareness of meticulous removal of a FB under proper visualisation so as to avoid unnecessary complications. Additionally, we propose an algorithm for proper removal of aural FB in an acute care setting.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear, Inner*

Ball-bearing in ear

Abdul Wahab A

Br Med J, 1955;2:439.

I would like to report the case of a Chinese boy of 5 years old who came to see me with a ball-bearing in one of his ears. Repeated attempts were made to extricate it under general anaesthesia by means of several kinds of aural apparatus, but they all failed. While about to give up hope and hand him over to a specialist, I managed to borrow a pair of magnetic forceps from a radio mechanic. The ball-bearing was immediately attracted to the point of the forceps and drawn out with ease. It would not be a bad idea to design a magnetic aural (or nasal) forceps based upon the above principles with a view to avoiding unnecessary pain and misery to the young victims.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Diseases

Duplicate internal auditory canals with facial and vestibulocochlear nerve dysfunction

Kew TY, Abdullah A

J Laryngol Otol, 2012 Jan;126(1):66-71.

PMID: 21867589 DOI: 10.1017/S0022215111002258

We report an extremely rare case of duplication of the internal auditory canal associated with dysfunction of both the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves. We also review the literature regarding the integrity of the facial and vestibulocochlear nerves in such cases.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear, Inner/abnormalities*; Ear, Inner/radiography

Fulltext Aural Polyp or Temporal Bone Carcinoma: Lesson to Learn

Mahmud KA, Nasseri Z, Mohamed Mukari SA, Ismail F, Abdullah A

Cureus, 2021 Mar 01;13(3):e13629.

PMID: 33816028 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.13629

Temporal bone carcinoma is a rare malignant tumor of the head and neck region. Its clinical presentations can mimic benign ear diseases, leading to inaccurate diagnosis and substandard management. We present the case of a 53-year-old female with a three-month history of progressive right otalgia, otorrhea, and hearing loss. Otoscopic examination revealed a mass occupying the right external auditory canal. However, the lesion was presumed to be an aural polyp by several clinicians previously. Multiple courses of oral antibiotics had been prescribed before she was referred to our clinic for the non-resolving aural polyp. Imaging studies showed an external auditory canal soft tissue mass with extradural and parotid extension. The mass was biopsied, and the result was reported as squamous cell carcinoma of the temporal bone. The patient was advised for a total temporal bone resection and parotidectomy; however, she declined the surgical intervention. Within a month, the tumor had metastasized to her lung, liver, and vertebral bodies. She was referred to the Oncology team for palliative chemo-radiotherapy. Temporal bone malignancy must be considered as a differential diagnosis in a middle-aged or elderly patient with a non-resolving aural polyp without a chronic discharging ear. Imaging studies and histopathological evaluation should be prompted to ascertain the diagnosis. Repeated course of oral antibiotic will delay treatment and subsequently may lead to poor prognosis.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Canal; Ear Neoplasms

Fulltext Rare case of temporal bone carcinoma with intracranial extension

Kasim KS, Abdullah AB

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg, 2012 Dec;64(4):397-8.

PMID: 24294589 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-011-0250-6

Temporal bone cancer, a relatively rare disease, accounting for less than 0.2% of all tumors of the head and neck and is associated with a poor outcome; often presents in a subtle manner, which may delay diagnosis. It should be suspected in any case of persistent otitis media or otitis externa that fails to improve with adequate treatment. Despite advances in operative technique and postoperative care, long-term survival remains poor). It includes cancers arising from pinna that spreads to the temporal bone, primary tumors of the external auditory canal (EAC), middle ear, mastoid, petrous apex, and metastatic lesions to the temporal bone. Here is a report on a case of temporal bone carcinoma presenting with right otalgia, otorrhea and facial paralysis. The patient was initially diagnosed as mastoiditis and later the clinical impression was revised to temporal bone carcinoma (undifferentiated type), based on the pathologic findings.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Canal; Ear, Middle

Comparison of in vitro developmental competence of cloned caprine embryos using donor karyoplasts from adult bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells vs ear fibroblast cells

Kwong PJ, Nam HY, Wan Khadijah WE, Kamarul T, Abdullah RB

Reprod. Domest. Anim., 2014 Apr;49(2):249-53.

PMID: 24456113 DOI: 10.1111/rda.12262

The aim of this study was to produce cloned caprine embryos using either caprine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or ear fibroblast cells (EFCs) as donor karyoplasts. Caprine MSCs were isolated from male Boer goats of an average age of 1.5 years. To determine the pluripotency of MSCs, the cells were induced to differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes and adipocytes. Subsequently, MSCs were characterized through cell surface antigen profiles using specific markers, prior to their use as donor karyoplasts for nuclear transfer. No significant difference (p > 0.05) in fusion rates was observed between MSCs (87.7%) and EFCs (91.3%) used as donor karyoplasts. The cleavage rate of cloned embryos derived with MSCs (87.0%) was similar (p > 0.05) to those cloned using EFCs (84.4%). However, the in vitro development of MSCs-derived cloned embryos (25.3%) to the blastocyst stage was significantly higher (p < 0.05) than those derived with EFCs (20.6%). In conclusion, MSCs could be reprogrammed by caprine oocytes, and production of cloned caprine embryos with MSCs improved their in vitro developmental competence, but not in their fusion and cleavage rate as compared to cloning using somatic cells such as EFCs.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear; Nuclear Transfer Techniques/veterinary

Fulltext Craniofacial anthropometric norms of Malays

Ngeow WC, Aljunid ST

Singapore Med J, 2009 May;50(5):525-8.

PMID: 19495526

INTRODUCTION: This study was undertaken to establish the craniofacial anthropometric norms of young adult Malaysian Malays.
METHODS: The study group consisted of convenient samples of 100 healthy volunteers (aged 18-25 years), with an equal number of female and male subjects who had no history of mixed racial parentage. 22 linear measurements were taken twice from 22 landmarks over six craniofacial regions.
RESULTS: The Malays shared many similar sizes of measurements with the Singaporean Chinese. Their left eye fissure length and mouth width (ch-ch) were almost identical for both genders. However, Malay females had an upper lip height (sn-sto) (left) and ear width (pra-pa) similar to Singaporean Chinese females. Six other measurements, viz. the head width (eu-eu), head circumference (on-op), face height (n-gn), lower face height (sn-gn), (left) eye fissure height (ps-pi), cutaneous upper lip height (sn-ls) and cutaneous upper lip height (ls-sto), were 0.4-4.3 mm less in the Malays. Measurements for another four parameters, viz. the length of the head (g-op), biocular width (ex-ex), lower vermillion height (sto-li) and (left) ear length (sa-sba), were 0.5-3.6 mm higher in the Malays. Only three measurements were obviously different; the height of the head (v-n) and intercanthal width (en-en), were lower, and the protrusion of the nasal tip (sn-prn) was higher in the Malays.
CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that three features, i.e. the height of the head (v-n), intercanthal width (en-en) and protrusion of the nasal tip (sn-prn) may be useful in differentiating a Malay face from a Singaporean Chinese one.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear/anatomy & histology

Formation of tissue engineered composite construct of cartilage and skin using high density polyethylene as inner scaffold in the shape of human helix

Ruszymah BH, Chua KH, Mazlyzam AL, Aminuddin BS

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2011 Jun;75(6):805-10.

PMID: 21481479 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2011.03.012

Formation of external ear via tissue engineering has created interest amongst surgeons as an alternative for ear reconstruction in congenital microtia.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Cartilage*; Ear Auricle*

Pediatric auricular chondrocytes gene expression analysis in monolayer culture and engineered elastic cartilage

Ruszymah BH, Lokman BS, Asma A, Munirah S, Chua K, Mazlyzam AL, et al.

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol, 2007 Aug;71(8):1225-34.

PMID: 17531328

This study was aimed at regenerating autologous elastic cartilage for future use in pediatric ear reconstruction surgery. Specific attentions were to characterize pediatric auricular chondrocyte growth in a combination culture medium and to assess the possibility of elastic cartilage regeneration using human fibrin.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear/physiology*

Fulltext A rare cause of unilateral tinnitus

Nik Mohd Syukra Nik Abd Ghani, Nik Adilah Nik Othman, Amran Mohamad

International Medical Journal Malaysia, 2018;17(1):145-148.

MyJurnal

Tinnitus is not a disease per se but it is a symptom. It can be either subjective or objective type and the
underlying cause varies such as tumour, infection, vascular abnormality or Meniere’s disease. Foreign body in the external ear is a common presentation especially in children. However, foreign body in the middle ear manifested with only symptom of tinnitus is a rare and unexpected presentation. Foreign body in the middle ear are commonly due to iatrogenic cause such as complication of myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion surgery. There are reported cases of complications of myringotomy and ventilation tube insertion, and they typically presented with the ear infection manifestation, myringosclerosis or permanent perforation of tympanic membrane. Currently, there are only few reported cases in literatures of foreign body in the middle ear following complication of medial migration of ventilation tube into a middle ear with intact tympanic membrane.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear, External; Ear, Middle; Middle Ear Ventilation

Rare embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of external acoustic canal: a case report and literature review

Eksan MS, Noorizan Y, Chew YK, Noorafidah MD, Asma A

Am J Otolaryngol, 2014 Nov-Dec;35(6):814-5.

PMID: 25128187 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2014.07.009

Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of external ear canal is very rare, even in the pediatric population. We report an embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma of external acoustic canal, occurring in a 12-year-old Chinese girl who presented with left ear canal mass. Wide local excision of the mass was done under local anesthesia. Histopathological examination revealed the diagnosis. She then underwent 20 cycles of radiotherapy. CECT scan post treatment showed clearance of tumor cell. Now, patient is disease free for 5 years. We believe that early diagnosis followed by complete resection of the tumor with clear margin and radiotherapy improves the prognosis of the disease.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Canal*; Ear Neoplasms/diagnosis*; Ear Neoplasms/radiotherapy; Ear Neoplasms/surgery

Fulltext Temporal bone carcinoma: a case report

Noorizan Y, Asma A

Med J Malaysia, 2010 Jun;65(2):162-4.

PMID: 23756808 MyJurnal

Temporal bone carcinoma may masquerade as an infective process causing late diagnosis. A delay in treatment as a result of missed diagnosis would carry a poor prognosis as the disease progresses to an advanced stage. We present a lady with history of chronic otorrhea, who developed left sided otalgia associated with hearing loss in her sixth decade. She underwent surgery which revealed left mastoiditis and cholesteatoma. After a year, she had a mass in her left ear and pus discharge which was initially treated as an infection. The biopsy of the mass was proven to be squamous cell carcinoma. High index of suspicion is necessary when encountering patients presenting with a mass in the ear canal with prior history of chronic otorrhea or cholesteatoma. Proper tissue biopsy is crucial. Early referral to tertiary centre is required for further management of the patient.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Canal*

Fulltext Myxoid Neurofibromas of the External Ear Canal: A Case Report

Maryam YK, Mohd Khairi MD, Asmah Hanim H

Med J Malaysia, 2015 Apr;70(2):102-3.

PMID: 26162387 MyJurnal

Myxoid neurofibroma is benign tumours of perineural cell origin that arise from elements in the peripheral nervous system. We report a case of a 60-year-old female patient presented with history of right ear mass which was slowly growing. Her primary complaint was cosmetic deformity but hearing loss was also present. The mass was excised and histologically revealed a myxoid neurofibroma. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first time that a myxoid neurofibroma arising from external auditory canal is reported. It should be included in the differential diagnosis of a mass originating from this location.
Keywords: Kelantan, Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Canal

Fulltext Superglue accidentally used as ear drops

Anusha B, Purushotman R, Lina LC, Avatar S

Med J Malaysia, 2012 Apr;67(2):212-3.

PMID: 22822647 MyJurnal

Superglue in the ear as a foreign body is an uncommon presentation. We report the case of a lady who accidentally instilled superglue directly onto her tympanic membrane and presented five days later. We successfully removed the glue with acetone and managed to preserve the integrity of the tympanic membrane.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Canal*

Hearing impairment and contributing factors among fertilizer factory workers

Saffree Jeffree M, Ismail N, Awang Lukman K

J Occup Health, 2016 Sep 30;58(5):434-443.

PMID: 27488035

INTRODUCTION: Hearing impairment remains the main occupational health problem in the manufacturing industry, and its contributing factors have not been well controlled.

METHODS: Unmatched case control and comparative studies were carried out among fertilizer factory workers in Sarawak with the aim of determining contributing factors for hearing impairment. Respondents consisted of 49 cases that were diagnosed from 2005 to 2008 with 98 controls from the same work places. Chi-square test and Mann-Whitney test were used in a univariate analysis to determine the association between hearing impairment and the contributing risks being studied.

RESULTS: The results of the univariate analysis showed that hearing impairment was significantly (p<0.05) associated with older age, lower education level, high smoking dose, high occupational daily noise dose, longer duration of service, infrequent used of hearing protection device (HPD), and low perception of sound on HPD usage. Multivariate logistic regression of hearing impairment after controlling for age found the following five variables: occupational daily noise dose ≥50% (OR 3.48, 95% CI 1.36-8.89), ≥15 years of services (OR 2.92, 95% CI 1.16-7.33), infrequent use of HPD (OR 2.79, 95% CI 1.15-6.77), low perception of sound on HPD (POR 2.77, 95% CI 1.09-6.97), and smoking more than 20 packs per year (OR 4.71, 95% CI 1.13-19.68).

DISCUSSION: In conclusion, high occupational noise exposure level, longer duration of service, low perception of sound on HPD, infrequent used of HPD, and smoking more than 20 packs per year were the contributing factors to hearing impairment, and appropriate intervention measures should be proposed and taken into considerations.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Protective Devices/statistics & numerical data

Clinical pharmacokinetics, toxicity and cost effectiveness analysis of aminoglycosides and aminoglycoside dosing services

Mathews A, Bailie GR

J Clin Pharm Ther, 1987 Oct;12(5):273-91.

PMID: 3119606

This article reviews the clinical pharmacokinetics, clinical toxicity and cost-effectiveness analysis of aminoglycosides and of dosing services for aminoglycosides. The reader is referred elsewhere for a review of the pharmacology, antimicrobial spectrum of activity and clinical use of these drugs. A critique of the more commonly used methods of aminoglycoside dosage determinations is included, based on the inter-individual variation in aminoglycoside disposition parameters. The advantages and disadvantages of arbitrary, predictive, and pharmacokinetic methods of dosing determination are summarized. Justification for the routine determination of serum aminoglycoside concentrations is reviewed. We review the lack of standardization of definitions for aminoglycoside-associated nephrotoxicity in published studies, and studies which illustrate these differences are highlighted. Evidence for the association between serum aminoglycoside concentrations and nephrotoxicity is examined. Ototoxicity is similarly reviewed. The concept of cost-effectiveness analysis is examined extensively in this review. We discuss the literature concerning the cost benefit analysis of drug dosing services.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Diseases/chemically induced

Fulltext Chronic discharging ear in a child: are we missing something?

Dutta M, Ghatak S, Biswas G

Med J Malaysia, 2013 Aug;68(4):368-71.

PMID: 24145273

Chronic discharging ear, mostly due to middle or external ear infection, is one of the leading causes for seeking healthcare among the paediatric population in a developing country. However, a long-standing forgotten middle ear foreign body forms a rare cause for such presentation demanding a high index of suspicion from the clinicians. Most of them are iatrogenic or accidental, and are removed by conventional permeatal approach; need for tympanotomy is rarely documented in the recent literature. We report the first case where a large stone was introduced into the middle ear through a pre-existing tympanic membrane perforation by the child himself, and only the second documentation of removal of a middle ear foreign body by tympanotomy in a child.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear*; Ear, Middle*

Numbness of the ear following inferior alveolar nerve block: the forgotten complication

Ngeow WC, Chai WL

Br Dent J, 2009 Jul 11;207(1):19-21.

PMID: 19590550 DOI: 10.1038/sj.bdj.2009.559

This article presents a distant complication in the auricle following the administration of a standard inferior alveolar nerve block. The patient experienced profound numbness of the auricle on the ipsilateral side of the injection that lasted for about an hour following unintended injection to the auriculotemporal nerve.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Diseases/etiology*; Ear Auricle/innervation*

Fulltext BMI, BP, visual acuity and hearing status of Special Olympics athletes in Sarawak

Toh, Teck Hock, Nurhilda Abdullah, Chua, Soh Yian, Muhamad Rais Abdullah, Islia Nahazatul, Chieng, Lee Ling

Int J Public Health Res, 2011;1(2):66-71.

MyJurnal

Introduction Special Olympics (SO) Inc. is an organization for people with intellectual disability (ID) to actively engaging in Olympic-type sport and participating in competition. Special Olympic Inc. provides Healthy Athletes Programme (HAP®) in screening and providing health education to Special Olympic Athletes. Objective To study the body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), visual acuity and hearing status of children and young adult with ID in Special Olympics Sarawak. Methods Health data were collected by trained health professionals under HAP®held in conjunction with Special Olympics Sarawak State Games on 17th and 18th April 2010 in Sibu. Health data collected were athletes' weight, BMI, BP, ear canal screen and hearing status (oto-acoustic emission, pure tone audiometry), as well as eye health and visual acuity, using guidelines set by HAP®. Results 195 athletes attended the State Games in 2010 of which 138 were screened. Significant number of athletes was considered overweight / obese (31.5% for children and 36.9% for adult). More than 20% of the adult athletes were hypertensive or at risk of hypertension. Sixteen percent of the adult athletes had hearing loss. More than half of the adult and children athletes never had eye checks, and a significant numbers of them had abnormal eye tests results. Conclusions Health screening conducted during the HAP® is a useful screening program in this population. Health data collected can bring awareness to athletes and their family, and corrective measures in hearing and visual impairment can be taken immediately.

Matched MeSH terms: Ear Canal

Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 176 in total