Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 121 in total

Abstract:
Sort:
  1. Fulltext Global monitoring of antimicrobial resistance based on metagenomics analyses of urban sewage
    Hendriksen RS, Munk P, Njage P, van Bunnik B, McNally L, Lukjancenko O, et al.
    Nat Commun, 2019 03 08;10(1):1124.
    PMID: 30850636 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08853-3
    Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a serious threat to global public health, but obtaining representative data on AMR for healthy human populations is difficult. Here, we use metagenomic analysis of untreated sewage to characterize the bacterial resistome from 79 sites in 60 countries. We find systematic differences in abundance and diversity of AMR genes between Europe/North-America/Oceania and Africa/Asia/South-America. Antimicrobial use data and bacterial taxonomy only explains a minor part of the AMR variation that we observe. We find no evidence for cross-selection between antimicrobial classes, or for effect of air travel between sites. However, AMR gene abundance strongly correlates with socio-economic, health and environmental factors, which we use to predict AMR gene abundances in all countries in the world. Our findings suggest that global AMR gene diversity and abundance vary by region, and that improving sanitation and health could potentially limit the global burden of AMR. We propose metagenomic analysis of sewage as an ethically acceptable and economically feasible approach for continuous global surveillance and prediction of AMR.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial*
  2. Cloning of high activity xylanase gene from Bacillus pumilus PJ19
    Hamzah A, Abdulrashid N
    J. Biochem. Mol. Biol. Biophys., 2002 Oct;6(5):365-9.
    PMID: 12385974
    The xylanase gene from Bacillus pumilus PJ19 amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was cloned into pCRII vector and transformed into Escherichia coli strain INValphaF'. Starting from an ATG as an initiator codon, an open reading frame coding for 202 amino acids was obtained. The recombinant xylanase sequence showed a 96% homology with the xylanase sequence from B. pumilus IPO strain and had an estimated molecular weight of 22,474. Xylanase activity expressed by E. coli INValphaF' harboring the cloned gene was located primarily in the cytoplasmic fraction.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  3. Fulltext Genomic species identification of Acinetobacter of clinical isolates by 16S rDNA sequencing
    Misbah S, Hassan H, Yusof MY, Hanifah YA, AbuBakar S
    Singapore Med J, 2005 Sep;46(9):461-4.
    PMID: 16123830
    This study aims to identify Acinetobacter of clinical isolates from the University of Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC), Kuala Lumpur, to the species level by 16S rDNA sequencing.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial/genetics*
  4. Antibiotic resistance and molecular typing among cockle (Anadara granosa) strains of Vibrio parahaemolyticus by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based analysis
    Sahilah AM, Laila RA, Sallehuddin HM, Osman H, Aminah A, Ahmad Azuhairi A
    World J Microbiol Biotechnol, 2014 Feb;30(2):649-59.
    PMID: 24068534 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-013-1494-y
    Genomic DNA of Vibrio parahaemolyticus were characterized by antibiotic resistance, enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) and random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR) analysis. These isolates originated from 3 distantly locations of Selangor, Negeri Sembilan and Melaka (East coastal areas), Malaysia. A total of 44 (n = 44) of tentatively V. parahaemolyticus were also examined for the presence of toxR, tdh and trh gene. Of 44 isolates, 37 were positive towards toxR gene; while, none were positive to tdh and trh gene. Antibiotic resistance analysis showed the V. parahaemolyticus isolates were highly resistant to bacitracin (92%, 34/37) and penicillin (89%, 33/37) followed by resistance towards ampicillin (68%, 25/37), cefuroxime (38%, 14/37), amikacin (6%, 2/37) and ceftazidime (14%, 5/37). None of the V. parahaemolyticus isolates were resistant towards chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, enrofloxacin, norfloxacin, streptomycin and vancomycin. Antibiogram patterns exhibited, 9 patterns and phenotypically less heterogenous when compared to PCR-based techniques using ERIC- and RAPD-PCR. The results of the ERIC- and RAPD-PCR were analyzed using GelCompare software. ERIC-PCR with primers ERIC1R and ERIC2 discriminated the V. parahaemolyticus isolates into 6 clusters and 21 single isolates at a similarity level of 80%. While, RAPD-PCR with primer Gen8 discriminated the V. parahaemolyticus isolates into 11 clusters and 10 single isolates and Gen9 into 8 clusters and 16 single isolates at the same similarity level examined. Results in the presence study demonstrated combination of phenotypically and genotypically methods show a wide heterogeneity among cockle isolates of V. parahaemolyticus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  5. Fulltext Evaluation of pre-treated healthcare wastes during COVID-19 pandemic reveals pathogenic microbiota, antibiotics residues, and antibiotic resistance genes against beta-lactams
    Siew SW, Musa SM, Sabri N', Farida Asras MF, Ahmad HF
    Environ Res, 2023 Feb 15;219:115139.
    PMID: 36565841 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.115139
    The disposal of healthcare waste without prior elimination of pathogens and hazardous contaminants has negative effects on the environment and public health. This study aimed to profile the complete microbial community and correlate it with the antibiotic compounds identified in microwave pre-treated healthcare wastes collected from three different waste operators in Peninsular Malaysia. The bacterial and fungal compositions were determined via amplicon sequencing by targeting the full-length 16S rRNA gene and partial 18S with full-length ITS1-ITS2 regions, respectively. The antibiotic compounds were characterized using high-throughput spectrometry. There was significant variation in bacterial and fungal composition in three groups of samples, with alpha- (p-value = 0.04) and beta-diversity (p-values <0.006 and 
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  6. Bacterial diversity associated with empty oil palm fruit bunch compost as revealed by cultivation-independent analyses of PCR-amplified 16S rRNA genes
    Liew PW, Jong BC, Goh CM, Ahmad M
    J Gen Appl Microbiol, 2009 Jun;55(3):233-40.
    PMID: 19590151
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial/genetics
  7. Fulltext Comparative genomic analysis of Helicobacter pylori from Malaysia identifies three distinct lineages suggestive of differential evolution
    Kumar N, Mariappan V, Baddam R, Lankapalli AK, Shaik S, Goh KL, et al.
    Nucleic Acids Res, 2015 Jan;43(1):324-35.
    PMID: 25452339 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gku1271
    The discordant prevalence of Helicobacter pylori and its related diseases, for a long time, fostered certain enigmatic situations observed in the countries of the southern world. Variation in H. pylori infection rates and disease outcomes among different populations in multi-ethnic Malaysia provides a unique opportunity to understand dynamics of host-pathogen interaction and genome evolution. In this study, we extensively analyzed and compared genomes of 27 Malaysian H. pylori isolates and identified three major phylogeographic lineages: hspEastAsia, hpEurope and hpSouthIndia. The analysis of the virulence genes within the core genome, however, revealed a comparable pathogenic potential of the strains. In addition, we identified four genes limited to strains of East-Asian lineage. Our analyses identified a few strain-specific genes encoding restriction modification systems and outlined 311 core genes possibly under differential evolutionary constraints, among the strains representing different ethnic groups. The cagA and vacA genes also showed variations in accordance with the host genetic background of the strains. Moreover, restriction modification genes were found to be significantly enriched in East-Asian strains. An understanding of these variations in the genome content would provide significant insights into various adaptive and host modulation strategies harnessed by H. pylori to effectively persist in a host-specific manner.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  8. Characterization of Salmonella serovars by PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis
    Nair S, Lin TK, Pang T, Altwegg M
    J Clin Microbiol, 2002 Jul;40(7):2346-51.
    PMID: 12089246
    PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) and PCR-single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) analyses were carried out on the 1.6-kb groEL gene from 41 strains of 10 different Salmonella serovars. Three HaeIII RFLP profiles were recognized, but no discrimination between the serovars could be achieved by this technique. However, PCR-SSCP analysis of the groEL genes of various Salmonella serovars produced 14 SSCP profiles, indicating the potential of this technique to differentiate different Salmonella serovars (interserovar differentiation). Moreover, PCR-SSCP could differentiate strains within a subset of serovars (intraserovar discrimination), as three SSCP profiles were produced for the 11 Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis strains, and two SSCP profiles were generated for the 7 S. enterica serovar Infantis and five S. enterica serovar Newport strains. PCR-SSCP has the potential to complement classical typing methods such as serotyping and phage typing for the typing of Salmonella serovars due to its rapidity, simplicity, and typeability.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  9. Phylogeny and classification of Dickeya based on multilocus sequence analysis
    Marrero G, Schneider KL, Jenkins DM, Alvarez AM
    Int J Syst Evol Microbiol, 2013 Sep;63(Pt 9):3524-3539.
    PMID: 24003072 DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.046490-0
    Bacterial heart rot of pineapple reported in Hawaii in 2003 and reoccurring in 2006 was caused by an undetermined species of Dickeya. Classification of the bacterial strains isolated from infected pineapple to one of the recognized Dickeya species and their phylogenetic relationships with Dickeya were determined by a multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA), based on the partial gene sequences of dnaA, dnaJ, dnaX, gyrB and recN. Individual and concatenated gene phylogenies revealed that the strains form a clade with reference Dickeya sp. isolated from pineapple in Malaysia and are closely related to D. zeae; however, previous DNA-DNA reassociation values suggest that these strains do not meet the genomic threshold for consideration in D. zeae, and require further taxonomic analysis. An analysis of the markers used in this MLSA determined that recN was the best overall marker for resolution of species within Dickeya. Differential intraspecies resolution was observed with the other markers, suggesting that marker selection is important for defining relationships within a clade. Phylogenies produced with gene sequences from the sequenced genomes of strains D. dadantii Ech586, D. dadantii Ech703 and D. zeae Ech1591 did not place the sequenced strains with members of other well-characterized members of their respective species. The average nucleotide identity (ANI) and tetranucleotide frequencies determined for the sequenced strains corroborated the results of the MLSA that D. dadantii Ech586 and D. dadantii Ech703 should be reclassified as Dickeya zeae Ech586 and Dickeya paradisiaca Ech703, respectively, whereas D. zeae Ech1591 should be reclassified as Dickeya chrysanthemi Ech1591.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  10. Fulltext Description, molecular characteristics and Wolbachia endosymbionts of Onchocerca borneensis Uni, Mat Udin & Takaoka n. sp. (Nematoda: Filarioidea) from the Bornean bearded pig Sus barbatus Müller (Cetartiodactyla: Suidae) of Sarawak, Malaysia
    Uni S, Mat Udin AS, Agatsuma T, Junker K, Saijuntha W, Bunchom N, et al.
    Parasit Vectors, 2020 Feb 06;13(1):50.
    PMID: 32028994 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-3907-8
    BACKGROUND: The genus Onchocerca Diesing, 1841 includes species of medical importance, such as O. volvulus (Leuckart, 1893), which causes river blindness in the tropics. Recently, zoonotic onchocercosis has been reported in humans worldwide. In Japan, O. dewittei japonica Uni, Bain & Takaoka, 2001 from wild boars is a causative agent for this zoonosis. Many filarioid nematodes are infected with Wolbachia endosymbionts which exhibit various evolutionary relationships with their hosts. While investigating the filarial fauna of Borneo, we discovered an undescribed Onchocerca species in the bearded pig Sus barbatus Müller (Cetartiodactyla: Suidae).

    METHODS: We isolated Onchocerca specimens from bearded pigs and examined their morphology. For comparative material, we collected fresh specimens of O. d. dewittei Bain, Ramachandran, Petter & Mak, 1977 from banded pigs (S. scrofa vittatus Boie) in Peninsular Malaysia. Partial sequences of three different genes (two mitochondrial genes, cox1 and 12S rRNA, and one nuclear ITS region) of these filarioids were analysed. By multi-locus sequence analyses based on six genes (16S rDNA, ftsZ, dnaA, coxA, fbpA and gatB) of Wolbachia, we determined the supergroups in the specimens from bearded pigs and those of O. d. dewittei.

    RESULTS: Onchocerca borneensis Uni, Mat Udin & Takaoka n. sp. is described on the basis of morphological characteristics and its genetic divergence from congeners. Molecular characteristics of the new species revealed its close evolutionary relationship with O. d. dewittei. Calculated p-distance for the cox1 gene sequences between O. borneensis n. sp. and O. d. dewittei was 5.9%, while that between O. d. dewittei and O. d. japonica was 7.6%. No intraspecific genetic variation was found for the new species. Wolbachia strains identified in the new species and O. d. dewittei belonged to supergroup C and are closely related.

    CONCLUSIONS: Our molecular analyses of filarioids from Asian suids indicate that the new species is sister to O. d. dewittei. On the basis of its morphological and molecular characteristics, we propose to elevate O. d. japonica to species level as O. japonica Uni, Bain & Takaoka, 2001. Coevolutionary relationships exist between the Wolbachia strains and their filarial hosts in Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia.

    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  11. Bacillus sphaericus strain 2297: nucleotide sequence of 41.9 kDa toxin gene
    Hindley J, Berry C
    Nucleic Acids Res, 1988 May 11;16(9):4168.
    PMID: 3375083
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial*
  12. Synthesis of high 4-hydroxybutyrate copolymer by Cupriavidus sp. transformants using one-stage cultivation and mixed precursor substrates strategy
    Syafiq IM, Huong KH, Shantini K, Vigneswari S, Aziz NA, Amirul AA, et al.
    Enzyme Microb Technol, 2017 Mar;98:1-8.
    PMID: 28110659 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2016.11.011
    Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate) [P(3HB-co-4HB)] copolymer is noted for its high biocompatibility, which makes it an excellent candidate for biopharmaceutical applications. The wild-type Cupriavidus sp. USMAA1020 strain is able to synthesize P(3HB-co-4HB) copolymers with different 4HB monomer compositions (up to 70mol%) in shaken flask cultures. Combinations of 4HB carbon precursors consisting of 1,6-hexanediol and γ-butyrolactone were applied for the production of P(3HB-co-4HB) with different 4HB molar fraction. A sharp increase in 4HB monomer composition was attained by introducing additional copies of PHA synthase gene (phaC), responsible for P(3HB-co-4HB) polymerization. The phaC of Cupriavidus sp. USMAA1020 and Cupriavidus sp. USMAA2-4 were cloned and heterologously introduced into host, wild-type Cupriavidus sp. USMAA1020. The gene dosage treatment resulted in the accumulation of 93mol% 4HB by the transformant strains when grown in similar conditions as the wild-type USMAA1020. The PHA synthase activities for both transformants were almost two-fold higher than the wild-type. The ability of the transformants to produce copolymers with high 4HB monomer composition was also tested in large scale production system using 5L and 30L bioreactors with a constant oxygen mass transfer rate. The 4HB monomer composition could be maintained at a range of 83-89mol%. The mechanical and thermal properties of copolymers improved with increasing 4HB monomer composition. The copolymers produced could be tailored for specific biopharmaceutical applications based on their properties.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  13. Anthropogenic impacts on sulfonamide residues and sulfonamide resistant bacteria and genes in Larut and Sangga Besar River, Perak
    Lye YL, Bong CW, Lee CW, Zhang RJ, Zhang G, Suzuki S, et al.
    Sci Total Environ, 2019 Oct 20;688:1335-1347.
    PMID: 31726563 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.304
    The environmental reservoirs of sulfonamide (SA) resistome are still poorly understood. We investigated the potential sources and reservoir of SA resistance (SR) in Larut River and Sangga Besar River by measuring the SA residues, sulfamethoxazole resistant (SMXr) in bacteria and their resistance genes (SRGs). The SA residues measured ranged from lower than quantification limits (LOQ) to 33.13 ng L-1 with sulfadiazine (SDZ), sulfadimethoxine (SDM) and SMX as most detected. Hospital wastewater effluent was detected with the highest SA residues concentration followed by the slaughterhouse and zoo wastewater effluents. The wastewater effluents also harbored the highest abundance of SMXr-bacteria (107 CFU mL-1) and SRGs (10-1/16S copies mL-1). Pearson correlation showed only positive correlation between the PO4 and SMXr-bacteria. In conclusion, wastewater effluents from the zoo, hospital and slaughterhouse could serve as important sources of SA residues that could lead to the consequent emergence of SMXr-bacteria and SRGs in the river.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  14. A hybrid of bees algorithm and flux balance analysis with OptKnock as a platform for in silico optimization of microbial strains
    Choon YW, Mohamad MS, Deris S, Illias RM, Chong CK, Chai LE
    Bioprocess Biosyst Eng, 2014 Mar;37(3):521-32.
    PMID: 23892659 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-013-1019-y
    Microbial strain optimization focuses on improving technological properties of the strain of microorganisms. However, the complexities of the metabolic networks, which lead to data ambiguity, often cause genetic modification on the desirable phenotypes difficult to predict. Furthermore, vast number of reactions in cellular metabolism lead to the combinatorial problem in obtaining optimal gene deletion strategy. Consequently, the computation time increases exponentially with the increase in the size of the problem. Hence, we propose an extension of a hybrid of Bees Algorithm and Flux Balance Analysis (BAFBA) by integrating OptKnock into BAFBA to validate the result. This paper presents a number of computational experiments to test on the performance and capability of BAFBA. Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Clostridium thermocellum are the model organisms in this paper. Also included is the identification of potential reactions to improve the production of succinic acid, lactic acid and ethanol, plus the discussion on the changes in the flux distribution of the predicted mutants. BAFBA shows potential in suggesting the non-intuitive gene knockout strategies and a low variability among the several runs. The results show that BAFBA is suitable, reliable and applicable in predicting optimal gene knockout strategy.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  15. Fulltext Quorum sensing activity of Aeromonas caviae strain YL12, a bacterium isolated from compost
    Lim YL, Ee R, Yin WF, Chan KG
    Sensors (Basel), 2014 Apr 22;14(4):7026-40.
    PMID: 24759107 DOI: 10.3390/s140407026
    Quorum sensing is a well-studied cell-to-cell communication method that involves a cell-density dependent regulation of genes expression mediated by signalling molecules. In this study, a bacterium isolated from a plant material compost pile was found to possess quorum sensing activity based on bioassay screening. Isolate YL12 was identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and molecular typing using rpoD gene which identified the isolate as Aeromonas caviae. High resolution tandem mass spectrometry was subsequently employed to identify the N-acyl homoserine lactone profile of Aeromonas caviae YL12 and confirmed that this isolate produced two short chain N-acyl homoserine lactones, namely C4-HSL and C6, and the production was observed to be cell density-dependent. Using the thin layer chromatography (TLC) bioassay, both AHLs were found to activate C. violaceum CV026, whereas only C6-HSL was revealed to induce bioluminescence expression of E. coli [pSB401]. The data presented in this study will be the leading steps in understanding the role of quorum sensing in Aeromonas caviae strain YL12.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  16. Characterization of quorum sensing genes and N-acyl homoserine lactones in Citrobacter amalonaticus strain YG6
    Kher HL, Krishnan T, Letchumanan V, Hong KW, How KY, Lee LH, et al.
    Gene, 2019 Feb 05;684:58-69.
    PMID: 30321658 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.10.031
    In the phylum of Proteobacteria, quorum sensing (QS) system is widely driven by synthesis and response of N-acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) signalling molecules. AHL is synthesized by LuxI homologue and sensed by LuxR homologue. Once the AHL concentration achieves a threshold level, it triggers the regulation of target genes. In this study, QS activity of Citrobacter amalonaticus strain YG6 which was isolated from clams was investigated. In order to characterise luxI/R homologues, the genome of C. amalonaticus strain YG6 (4.95 Mbp in size) was sequenced using Illumina MiSeq sequencer. Through in silico analysis, a pair of canonical luxI/R homologues and an orphan luxR homologue were identified and designated as camI, camR, and camR2, respectively. A putative lux box was identified at the upstream of camI. The camI gene was cloned and overexpressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3)pLysS. High-resolution triple quadrupole liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis verified that the CamI is a functional AHL synthase which produced multiple AHL species, namely N‑butyryl‑l‑homoserine lactone (C4-HSL), N‑hexanoyl‑l‑homoserine lactone (C6-HSL), N‑octanoyl‑l‑homoserine lactone (C8-HSL), N‑tetradecanoyl‑l‑homoserine lactone (C14-HSL) and N‑hexadecanoyl‑l‑homoserine lactone (C16-HSL) in C. amalonaticus strain YG6 and camI gene in recombinant E. coli BL21(DE3)pLysS. To our best knowledge, this is the first functional study report of camI as well as the first report describing the production of C14-HSL by C. amalonaticus.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial/genetics
  17. Draft genome sequence of multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Brancaster strain PS01 isolated from chicken meat, Malaysia
    Chin PS, Yu CY, Ang GY, Yin WF, Chan KG
    J Glob Antimicrob Resist, 2017 06;9:41-42.
    PMID: 28300643 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2016.12.017
    OBJECTIVES: Salmonella spp. represent one of the main diarrhoeal pathogens that are transmitted via the food supply chain. Here we report the draft genome sequence of a multidrug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Brancaster (PS01) that was isolated from poultry meat in Malaysia.

    METHODS: Genomic DNA was extracted from Salmonella strain PS01 and was sequenced using an Illumina HiSeq 2000 platform. The generated reads were de novo assembled using CLC Genomics Workbench. The draft genome was annotated and the presence of antimicrobial resistance genes was identified.

    RESULTS: The 5 036 442bp genome contains various antimicrobial resistance genes conferring resistance to aminoglycosides, fluoroquinolones, fosfomycin, macrolides, phenicols, sulphonamides, tetracyclines and trimethoprim. The β-lactamase gene blaTEM-176 encoding TEM-176 was also found in this strain.

    CONCLUSIONS: The genome sequence will aid in the understanding of drug resistance mechanisms in foodborne Salmonella Brancaster and highlights the need to ensure the judicious use of antibiotics in animal husbandry as well as the importance of implementing proper food handling and preparation practices.

    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
  18. Molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among veterinary students and personnel at a veterinary hospital in Malaysia
    Aklilu E, Zunita Z, Hassan L, Cheng CH
    Vet Microbiol, 2013 Jun 28;164(3-4):352-8.
    PMID: 23523336 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.02.030
    In this study, we report the molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) among veterinary students and personnel in Malaysia. Nasal and oral swabs were collected from 103 veterinary medicine students and 28 personnel from a veterinary hospital. Antibiotic sensitivity test (AST), minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test, and PCR amplifications of nucA and mecA gene were performed. Molecular characterization of the isolates was conducted using multilocus sequence typing (MLST), staphylococcal protein A gene (spa) typing, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results from MLST show the presence of the pandemic and widespread MRSA clones, ST5 and ST59. Spa gene typing revealed spa type t267 which has a wide geographical distribution. A new spa type, t5697 was found in this study. Fingerprint analysis by using PFGE show heterogeneity of the isolates. These findings affirm the importance of MRSA in veterinary settings and underscore the need for further extensive research to devise contextual control and prevention strategies.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial/genetics
  19. Predominance of Three Closely Related Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Clones Carrying a Unique ccrC-Positive SCCmec type III and the Emergence of spa t304 and t690 SCCmec type IV pvl(+) MRSA Isolates in Kinta Valley, Malaysia
    Ho WY, Choo QC, Chew CH
    Microb Drug Resist, 2017 Mar;23(2):215-223.
    PMID: 27203527 DOI: 10.1089/mdr.2015.0250
    We investigated the epidemiology and clonality of 175 nonrepetitive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates from clinical specimens collected between 2011 and 2012 in Kinta Valley in Malaysia. Molecular tools such as polymerase chain reaction, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and staphylococcal protein A (spa) typing were used. Our study revealed the predominance of three closely related ermA(+) SCCmec type III pulsotypes belonging to spa type t037 (Brazilian-Hungarian clone), which were deficient in the locus F, but positive for the ccrC gene in majority (65.7%) of the MRSA infections in this region. The first evidence of SCCmec type II MRSA in the country, belonging to spa type t2460, was also noted. Although the carriage of pvl gene was uncommon (8.6%) and mostly confined to either SCCmec type IV or SCCmec type V isolates, most of these isolates belonged to spa types t345 or t657, which are associated with the Bengal-Bay CA-MRSA clone. Interestingly, spa t304 and t690 SCCmec type IV pvl(+) were also detected among the MRSA isolates. Data from this study show the rise of uncommon clones among MRSA isolates in Malaysia.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial/genetics*
  20. Characterization of aluminum resistant Anoxybacillus sp. SK 3-4 isolated from a hot spring
    Lim JC, Goh KM, Shamsir MS, Ibrahim Z, Chong CS
    J Basic Microbiol, 2015 Apr;55(4):514-9.
    PMID: 25523650 DOI: 10.1002/jobm.201400621
    The Anoxybacillus sp. SK 3-4, previously isolated from a hot spring, was screened for its heavy metals resistance (Al(3+), Mn(2+), Cu(2+), Co(2+), Zn(2+), and Ni(2+)) and the strain was found to be most resistant to aluminum. Significant growth of the strain was observed when it was grown in medium containing aluminum (200 mg L(-1)-800 mg L(-1)) with relative growth rates ranging between 77% and 100%. A gene encoding the aluminum resistance protein (accession number: WP_021095658.1) was found in genome of strain SK 3-4, which revealed high sequence identity (>95%) to its homologues from Anoxybacillus species. Sequence comparisons with two functionally characterized aluminum resistance proteins, namely G2alt and ALU1-P, showed 97% and 81% of sequence identity, respectively. Four putative metal binding sites were detected in SK 3-4 aluminum resistance protein and G2alt at same amino acid residue positions of 186, 195, 198, and 201. Strain SK 3-4 was found to be able to remove aluminum from aqueous solution. This study demonstrated that Anoxybacillus sp. SK 3-4 could be applied in the treatment of aluminum contaminated wastewater.
    Matched MeSH terms: Genes, Bacterial
Related Terms
Filters
Contact Us

Please provide feedback to Administrator (afdal@afpm.org.my)

External Links