Displaying publications 1 - 20 of 51 in total

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  1. Viability and growth characteristics of Lactobacillus in soymilk supplemented with B-vitamins
    Ewe JA, Wan-Abdullah WN, Liong MT
    Int J Food Sci Nutr, 2010 Feb;61(1):87-107.
    PMID: 19961357 DOI: 10.3109/09637480903334163
    Ten strains of Lactobacillus were evaluated for their viability in soymilk. Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 314, L. acidophilus FTDC 8833, L. acidophilus FTDC 8633 and L. gasseri FTDC 8131 displayed higher viability in soymilk and were thus selected to be evaluated for viability and growth characteristics in soymilk supplemented with B-vitamins. Pour plate analyses showed that the supplementation of all B-vitamins studied promoted the growth of lactobacilli to a viable count exceeding 7 log CFU/ml. alpha-Galactosidase specific activity of lactobacilli as determined spectrophotometrically showed an increase upon supplementation of B-vitamins. High-performance liquid chromatography analyses revealed that this led to increased hydrolysis of soy oligosaccharides and subsequently higher utilization of simple sugars. Production of organic acids as determined via high-performance liquid chromatography also showed an increase, accompanied by a decrease in pH of soymilk. Additionally, the supplementation of B-vitamins also promoted the synthesis of riboflavin and folic acid by lactobacilli in soymilk. Our results indicated that B-vitamin-supplemented soymilk is a good proliferation medium for strains of lactobacilli.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/metabolism
  2. Valorization of renewable resources to functional oligosaccharides: Recent trends and future prospective
    Narisetty V, Parhi P, Mohan B, Hakkim Hazeena S, Naresh Kumar A, Gullón B, et al.
    Bioresour Technol, 2022 Feb;346:126590.
    PMID: 34953996 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126590
    Lignocellulosic wastes have the ability to be transformed into oligosaccharides and other value-added products. The synthesis of oligosaccharides from renewable sources bestow to growing bioeconomies. Oligosaccharides are synthesized chemically or biologically from agricultural residues. These oligosaccharides are functional food supplements that have a positive impact on humans and livestock. Non-digestible oligosaccharides, refered as prebiotics are beneficial for the colonic microbiota inhabiting the f the digestive system. These microbiota plays a crucial role in stimulating the host immune system and other physiological responses. The commonly known prebiotics, galactooligosaccharides (GOS), xylooligosaccharides (XOS), fructooligosaccharides (FOS), mannanooligosaccharides (MOS), and isomaltooligosaccharides (IOS) are synthesized either through enzymatic or whole cell-mediated approaches using natural or agricultural waste substrates. This review focusses on recent advancements in biological processes, for the synthesis of oligosaccharides using renewable resources (lignocellulosic substrates) for sustainable circular bioeconomy. The work also addresses the limitations associated with the processes and commercialization of the products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides*
  3. Use of the glucose analyser in the estimation of small bowel mucosal oligosaccharidases
    Iyngkaran, N., Yadav, M., Boey, G.B., Davis, K.
    Malaysian Journal of Child Health, 1991;3(1):37-39.
    MyJurnal
    Estimation of oligosaccharidases in the jejunal mucosa is useful in the diagnosis and evaluation of primary and secondary oligosaccharide intolerance. Until recently these enzymes have been estimated by the method of Dahlgvist.4While the method is accurate and reliable it is tedious and cumbersome. We describe here a semi quantitative method, using the glucose analyser. (Copied from article).
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides
  4. The potential of resistant starch as a prebiotic
    Zaman SA, Sarbini SR
    Crit Rev Biotechnol, 2016 Jun;36(3):578-84.
    PMID: 25582732 DOI: 10.3109/07388551.2014.993590
    Resistant starch is defined as the total amount of starch and the products of starch degradation that resists digestion in the small intestine. Starches that were able to resist the digestion will arrive at the colon where they will be fermented by the gut microbiota, producing a variety of products which include short chain fatty acids that can provide a range of physiological benefits. There are several factors that could affect the resistant starch content of a carbohydrate which includes the starch granule morphology, the amylose-amylopectin ratio and its association with other food component. One of the current interests on resistant starch is their potential to be used as a prebiotic, which is a non-digestible food ingredient that benefits the host by stimulating the growth or activity of one or a limited number of beneficial bacteria in the colon. A resistant starch must fulfill three criterions to be classified as a prebiotic; resistance to the upper gastrointestinal environment, fermentation by the intestinal microbiota and selective stimulation of the growth and/or activity of the beneficial bacteria. The market of prebiotic is expected to reach USD 198 million in 2014 led by the export of oligosaccharides. Realizing this, novel carbohydrates such as resistant starch from various starch sources can contribute to the advancement of the prebiotic industry.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides
  5. Fulltext The impact of oligofructose on stimulation of gut hormones, appetite regulation and adiposity
    Daud NM, Ismail NA, Thomas EL, Fitzpatrick JA, Bell JD, Swann JR, et al.
    Obesity (Silver Spring), 2014 Jun;22(6):1430-8.
    PMID: 24715424 DOI: 10.1002/oby.20754
    OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of nutrient stimulation of gut hormones by oligofructose supplementation on appetite, energy intake (EI), body weight (BW) and adiposity in overweight and obese volunteers.

    METHODS: In a parallel, single-blind and placebo-controlled study, 22 healthy overweight and obese volunteers were randomly allocated to receive 30 g day(-1) oligofructose or cellulose for 6 weeks following a 2-week run-in. Subjective appetite and side effect scores, breath hydrogen, serum short chain fatty acids (SCFAs), plasma gut hormones, glucose and insulin concentrations, EI, BW and adiposity were quantified at baseline and post-supplementation.

    RESULTS: Oligofructose increased breath hydrogen (P 

    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/administration & dosage*
  6. Fulltext The characterisation of an alkali-stable maltogenic amylase from Bacillus lehensis G1 and improved malto-oligosaccharide production by hydrolysis suppression
    Abdul Manas NH, Pachelles S, Mahadi NM, Illias RM
    PLoS One, 2014;9(9):e106481.
    PMID: 25221964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0106481
    A maltogenic amylase (MAG1) from alkaliphilic Bacillus lehensis G1 was cloned, expressed in Escherichia coli, purified and characterised for its hydrolysis and transglycosylation properties. The enzyme exhibited high stability at pH values from 7.0 to 10.0. The hydrolysis of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) produced malto-oligosaccharides of various lengths. In addition to hydrolysis, MAG1 also demonstrated transglycosylation activity for the synthesis of longer malto-oligosaccharides. The thermodynamic equilibrium of the multiple reactions was shifted towards synthesis when the reaction conditions were optimised and the water activity was suppressed, which resulted in a yield of 38% transglycosylation products consisting of malto-oligosaccharides of various lengths. Thin layer chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography analyses revealed the presence of malto-oligosaccharides with a higher degree of polymerisation than maltoheptaose, which has never been reported for other maltogenic amylases. The addition of organic solvents into the reaction further suppressed the water activity. The increase in the transglycosylation-to-hydrolysis ratio from 1.29 to 2.15 and the increased specificity toward maltopentaose production demonstrated the enhanced synthetic property of the enzyme. The high transglycosylation activity of maltogenic amylase offers a great advantage for synthesising malto-oligosaccharides and rare carbohydrates.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/biosynthesis*
  7. Fulltext Synthesis, PASS-Predication and in Vitro Antimicrobial Activity of Benzyl 4-O-benzoyl-α-l-rhamnopyranoside Derivatives
    Matin MM, Nath AR, Saad O, Bhuiyan MM, Kadir FA, Abd Hamid SB, et al.
    Int J Mol Sci, 2016 Aug 27;17(9).
    PMID: 27618893 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17091412
    Benzyl α-l-rhamnopyranoside 4, obtained by both conventional and microwave assisted glycosidation techniques, was subjected to 2,3-O-isopropylidene protection to yield compound 5 which on benzoylation and subsequent deprotection of isopropylidene group gave the desired 4-O-benzoylrhamnopyranoside 7 in reasonable yield. Di-O-acetyl derivative of benzoate 7 was prepared to get newer rhamnopyranoside. The structure activity relationship (SAR) of the designed compounds was performed along with the prediction of activity spectra for substances (PASS) training set. Experimental studies based on antimicrobial activities verified the predictions obtained by the PASS software. Protected rhamnopyranosides 5 and 6 exhibited slight distortion from regular ¹C₄ conformation, probably due to the fusion of pyranose and isopropylidene ring. Synthesized rhamnopyranosides 4-8 were employed as test chemicals for in vitro antimicrobial evaluation against eight human pathogenic bacteria and two fungi. Antimicrobial and SAR study showed that the rhamnopyranosides were prone against fungal organisms as compared to that of the bacterial pathogens. Interestingly, PASS prediction of the rhamnopyranoside derivatives 4-8 were 0.49 < Pa < 0.60 (where Pa is probability 'to be active') as antibacterial and 0.65 < Pa < 0.73 as antifungal activities, which showed significant agreement with experimental data, suggesting rhamnopyranoside derivatives 4-8 were more active against pathogenic fungi as compared to human pathogenic bacteria thus, there is a more than 50% chance that the rhamnopyranoside derivative structures 4-8 have not been reported with antimicrobial activity, making it a possible valuable lead compound.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/chemistry*
  8. Synergistic effects of dietary supplementation of Bacillus subtilis WB60 and mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) on growth performance, immunity and disease resistance in Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica
    Lee S, Katya K, Hamidoghli A, Hong J, Kim DJ, Bai SC
    Fish Shellfish Immunol, 2018 Dec;83:283-291.
    PMID: 30217508 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2018.09.031
    This study evaluated the synergistic effects of dietary Bacillus subtilis WB60 and mannanoligosaccharide (MOS) in juvenile Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica. Seven treatment diets were formulated to contain three different levels of B. subtilis (0.0, 0.5, and 1.0 × 107 CFU/g diet denoted as BS0, BS0.5, and BS1, respectively) with two MOS levels (0 and 5 g/kg diet denoted as M0 and M5, respectively), and one diet with oxytetracycline (OTC) at 5 g/kg diet. Each diet (BS0M0 (CON), BS0M5, BS0.5M0, BS0.5M5, BS1M0, BS1M5, and OTC) was fed to triplicate groups of 20 fish averaging 9.00 ± 0.11 g (mean ± SD) for eight weeks. Average weight gain, feed efficiency, specific growth rate and protein efficiency ratio of fish fed the BS0.5M5 and BS1M5 diets were significantly higher than those of fish fed CON, BS0.5M0 and OTC diets (P  0.05). Therefore, the results for growth performance, non-specific immune responses, intestinal morphology, and disease resistance demonstrated that supplementation of B. subtilis at 0.5 × 107 CFU/g diet and mannanoligosaccharide at 5 g/kg diet could have beneficial synergistic effects in Japanese eel. The isolated probiotic from eel and the selected prebiotic could lead to the development of a specific and potential synbiotic in Japanese eel aquaculture.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/pharmacology*
  9. Fulltext Synbiotics growth optimization of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum G4 with prebiotics using a statistical methodology
    Shuhaimi M, Kabeir BM, Yazid AM, Nazrul Somchit M
    J Appl Microbiol, 2009 Jan;106(1):191-8.
    PMID: 19054238 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2008.03991.x
    This study demonstrated the optimum growth of Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum G4 with prebiotics via statistical model.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/metabolism
  10. Fulltext Subcritical Water-Carbon Dioxide Pretreatment of Oil Palm Mesocarp Fiber for Xylooligosaccharide and Glucose Production
    Ahmad N, Zakaria MR, Mohd Yusoff MZ, Fujimoto S, Inoue H, Ariffin H, et al.
    Molecules, 2018 May 30;23(6).
    PMID: 29848973 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23061310
    The present work aimed to investigate the pretreatment of oil palm mesocarp fiber (OPMF) in subcritical H₂O-CO₂ at a temperature range from 150⁻200 °C and 20⁻180 min with CO₂ pressure from 3⁻5 MPa. The pretreated solids and liquids from this process were separated by filtration and characterized. Xylooligosaccharides (XOs), sugar monomers, acids, furans and phenols in the pretreated liquids were analyzed by using HPLC. XOs with a degree of polymerization X2⁻X4 comprising xylobiose, xylotriose, xylotetraose were analyzed by using HPAEC-PAD. Enzymatic hydrolysis was performed on cellulose-rich pretreated solids to observe xylose and glucose production. An optimal condition for XOs production was achieved at 180 °C, 60 min, 3 MPa and the highest XOs obtained was 81.60 mg/g which corresponded to 36.59% of XOs yield from total xylan of OPMF. The highest xylose and glucose yields obtained from pretreated solids were 29.96% and 84.65%, respectively at cellulase loading of 10 FPU/g-substrate.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/chemistry*
  11. Strategy in manipulating transglycosylation activity of glycosyl hydrolase for oligosaccharide production
    Abdul Manas NH, Md Illias R, Mahadi NM
    Crit Rev Biotechnol, 2018 Mar;38(2):272-293.
    PMID: 28683572 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2017.1339664
    BACKGROUND: The increasing market demand for oligosaccharides has intensified the need for efficient biocatalysts. Glycosyl hydrolases (GHs) are still gaining popularity as biocatalyst for oligosaccharides synthesis owing to its simple reaction and high selectivity.

    PURPOSE: Over the years, research has advanced mainly directing to one goal; to reduce hydrolysis activity of GHs for increased transglycosylation activity in achieving high production of oligosaccharides.

    DESIGN AND METHODS: This review concisely presents the strategies to increase transglycosylation activity of GHs for oligosaccharides synthesis, focusing on controlling the reaction equilibrium, and protein engineering. Various modifications of the subsites of GHs have been demonstrated to significantly modulate the hydrolysis and transglycosylation activity of the enzymes. The clear insight of the roles of each amino acid in these sites provides a platform for designing an enzyme that could synthesize a specific oligosaccharide product.

    CONCLUSIONS: The key strategies presented here are important for future improvement of GHs as a biocatalyst for oligosaccharide synthesis.

    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/chemistry*
  12. Fulltext Sensory descriptive analysis and consumer acceptability of original “kaya” and “kaya” partially substituted with inulin
    Phang, Y.L., Chan, H.K.
    International Food Research Journal, 2009;16(4):483-492.
    MyJurnal
    A study was done on the feasibility of inulin, a fructooligosaccharides with the health benefits of prebiotic, as partial sugar replacer in “kaya” by investigating the effects of different substitution levels (0%; control, 10%, 30% and 50%) on the sensory properties. The samples were investigated by 10 descriptive panelists for colour, sweetness, smoothness, firmness, adhesiveness and spreadability attributes before further evaluated by 100 consumers for acceptance levels. Consistent with the descriptive panel, the evaluation by the consumers showed formulated samples at 10% and 30% were comparable to the commercial “kaya” being no significant difference (p>0.05) found in acceptability scores. 50% substitution received lower acceptability scores and was significantly different (p
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides
  13. Purification and characterization of 31-kDa palm pollen glycoprotein (Ela g Bd 31 K), which is recognized by IgE from palm pollinosis patients
    Kimura Y, Maeda M, Kimupa M, Lai OM, Tan SH, Hon SM, et al.
    Biosci Biotechnol Biochem, 2002 Apr;66(4):820-7.
    PMID: 12036055
    A basic glycoprotein, which was recognized by IgE from oil palm pollinosis patients, has been purified from oil palm pollen (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.), which is a strong allergen and causes severe pollinosis in Malaysia and Singapore. Soluble proteins were extracted from defatted palm pollen with both Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.8) and Na-acetate buffer (pH 4.0). The allergenic glycoprotein was purified from the total extract to homogeneity with 0.4% yield by a combination of DEAE- and CM-cellulose, SP-HPLC, and gel filtration. The purified oil palm pollen glycoprotein with molecular mass of 31 kDa was recognized by the beta1-2 xylose specific antibody, suggesting this basic glycoprotein bears plant complex type N-glycan(s). The palm pollen basic glycoprotein, designated Ela g Bd 31 K, was recognized by IgE of palm pollinosis patients, suggesting Ela g Bd 31 K should be one of the palm pollen allergens. The preliminary structural analysis of N-glycans linked to glycoproteins of palm pollens showed that the antigenic N-glycans having alpha1-3 fucose and alpha1-2 xylose residues (GlcNAc(2 to approximately 0)Man3Xyl1Fuc(1 to approximately 0)GlcNAc2) actually occur on the palm pollen glycoproteins, in addition to the high-mannose type structures (Man(9 to approximately 5)GlcNAc2).
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/chemistry*
  14. Fulltext Production of chitosan oligosaccharides using β-glycosidic degrading enzyme: optimization using response surface methodology
    Yusof Nurhayati, Abdul Manaf Ali
    Malaysian Journal of Applied Sciences, 2020;5(2):30-44.
    MyJurnal
    Many researchers have focused chitosan as a source of potential bioactive material during the past few decades. However, chitosan has several drawbacks to be utilised in biological applications, including poor solubility under physiological conditions. Therefore, a new interest has recently emerged on partially hydrolysed chitosan, chitosan oligosaccharides (COS). In this study, degradation of chitosan was performed by Cellulase from Trichoderma reesei® 1.5L and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) were employed to optimize the hydrolysis temperature, pH, enzyme concentration and substrate concentration. Optimization of cellulase T. reesei® using central composite design (CCD) was to obtain optimum parameters and all the factors showed significant effects (p˂0.05). The maximum response, Celluclast® activity (1.268 U) was obtained by assaying the process at 49.79oC, pH 4.5, 3% (v/w) of enzyme concentration and 25% (w/v) concentration of chitosan for 24 hours.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides
  15. Production of High Commercial Value Xylooligosaccharides from Meranti Wood Sawdust Using Immobilised Xylanase
    Sukri SSM, Mimi Sakinah AM
    Appl Biochem Biotechnol, 2018 Jan;184(1):278-290.
    PMID: 28676961 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2542-0
    The present study explores the utilisation of a new raw material from lignocellulose biomass, Meranti wood sawdust (MWS) for high commercial value xylooligosaccharides (XOS) production using immobilised xylanase. The xylanase was immobilised by a combination of entrapment and covalent binding techniques. The hemicellulosic xylan from MWS was extracted using a standard chlorite delignification method. The production of total and derivatives of XOS from the degradation of the hemicellulosic xylan of MWS were compared to the production from the commercial xylan from Beechwood. The utilisation of the extracted xylan from MWS yielded 0.36 mg/mL of total XOS after 60 h of hydrolysis. During the hydrolysis reaction, the immobilised xylanase released a lower degree of polymerisation (DP) of XOS, mainly X2 and X3, which were the major products of xylan degradation by xylanase enzymes. The production of XOS with a lower DP from MWS demonstrated the biotechnological potential of the MWS in the future. The XOS production retained about 70% of its initial XOS production during the second cycle. This is also the first report on the utilisation of MWS wastes in enzymatic hydrolysis using immobilised xylanase for XOS production.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/chemical synthesis*
  16. Potential of novel dextran oligosaccharides as prebiotics for obesity management through in vitro experimentation
    Sarbini SR, Kolida S, Deaville ER, Gibson GR, Rastall RA
    Br J Nutr, 2014 Oct 28;112(8):1303-14.
    PMID: 25196744 DOI: 10.1017/S0007114514002177
    The energy-salvaging capacity of the gut microbiota from dietary ingredients has been proposed as a contributing factor for the development of obesity. This knowledge generated interest in the use of non-digestible dietary ingredients such as prebiotics to manipulate host energy homeostasis. In the present study, the in vitro response of obese human faecal microbiota to novel oligosaccharides was investigated. Dextrans of various molecular weights and degrees of branching were fermented with the faecal microbiota of healthy obese adults in pH-controlled batch cultures. Changes in bacterial populations were monitored using fluorescent in situ hybridisation and SCFA concentrations were analysed by HPLC. The rate of gas production and total volume of gas produced were also determined. In general, the novel dextrans and inulin increased the counts of bifidobacteria. Some of the dextrans were able to alter the composition of the obese human microbiota by increasing the counts of Bacteroides-Prevotella and decreasing those of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii and Ruminococcus bromii/R. flavefaciens. Considerable increases in SCFA concentrations were observed in response to all substrates. Gas production rates were similar during the fermentation of all dextrans, but significantly lower than those during the fermentation of inulin. Lower total gas production and shorter time to attain maximal gas production were observed during the fermentation of the linear 1 kDa dextran than during the fermentation of the other dextrans. The efficacy of bifidobacteria to ferment dextrans relied on the molecular weight and not on the degree of branching. In conclusion, there are no differences in the profiles between the obese and lean human faecal fermentations of dextrans.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/metabolism*; Oligosaccharides/therapeutic use; Oligosaccharides/chemistry
  17. Fulltext Phytochemical Properties and Nutrigenomic Implications of Yacon as a Potential Source of Prebiotic: Current Evidence and Future Directions
    Cao Y, Ma ZF, Zhang H, Jin Y, Zhang Y, Hayford F
    Foods, 2018 Apr 12;7(4).
    PMID: 29649123 DOI: 10.3390/foods7040059
    The human gut is densely populated with diverse microbial communities that are essential to health. Prebiotics and fiber have been shown to possess the ability to modulate the gut microbiota. One of the plants being considered as a potential source of prebiotic is yacon. Yacon is an underutilized plant consumed as a traditional root-based fruit in South America. Yacon mainly contains fructooligosaccharides (FOS) and inulin. Therefore, it has bifidogenic benefits for gut health, because FOS are not easily broken down by digestive enzymes. Bioactive chemical compounds and extracts isolated from yacon have been studied for their various nutrigenomic properties, including as a prebiotic for intestinal health and their antimicrobial and antioxidant effects. This article reviewed scientific studies regarding the bioactive chemical compounds and nutrigenomic properties of extracts and isolated compounds from yacon. These findings may help in further research to investigate yacon-based nutritional products. Yacon can be considered a potential prebiotic source and a novel functional food. However, more detailed epidemiological, animal, and human clinical studies, particularly mechanism-based and phytopharmacological studies, are lacking for the development of evidence-based functional food products.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides
  18. Fulltext Physicochemical and antioxidant studies on oven-dried, freeze-dried and spray-dried agaro oligosaccharide powders
    Kang, O.L., Yong, P.F., Ma’aruf, A.G., Osman, H., Nazaruddin, R.
    International Food Research Journal, 2014;21(6):2363-2367.
    MyJurnal
    In this work, oven-dried, freeze-dried and spray-dried agaro-oligosaccharide powders were characterized to investigate their physicochemical and antioxidant properties. Agaro-oligosaccharide powders were shown to exhibit high water solubility index (88.73 – 95.88%), water absorption capacity (0.96 – 2.57 g/g) and oil absorption capacity (0.40 – 0.45 g/g). Agaro-oligosaccharide powders were shown to possess moderate DPPH radical scavenging activity (10.65 – 14.59%), ABTS radical scavenging activity (44 .47 – 65.61%) and ferric reducing antioxidant activity (0.165 – 0.353). Agaro-oligosaccharide powders were further characterized with respect to thermal and pH stability. Agaro-oligosaccharide powders were shown to exhibit high temperature resistance (≤ 100oC) and acid/alkaline resistance.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides
  19. Optimization of growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus FTCC 0291 and evaluation of growth characteristics in soy whey medium: a response surface methodology approach
    Fung WY, Woo YP, Liong MT
    J Agric Food Chem, 2008 Sep 10;56(17):7910-8.
    PMID: 18686970 DOI: 10.1021/jf801567j
    Four strains of probiotics were evaluated for their alpha-galactosidase activity. Lactobacillus acidophilus FTCC 0291 displayed the highest specific alpha-galactosidase activity and was thus selected to be optimized in soy whey medium supplemented with seven nitrogen sources. The first-order model showed that meat extract, vegetable extract, and peptone significantly (P < 0.05) influenced the growth of L. acidophilus. The second-order polynomial regression estimated that maximum growth was obtained from the combination of 7.25% (w/v) meat extract, 4.7% (w/v) vegetable extract, and 6.85% (w/v) peptone. The validation experiment showed that response surface methodology was reliable with a variation of only 1.14% from the actual experimental data. Increased utilization of oligosaccharides and reducing sugars contributed to increased growth of L. acidophilus in the soy whey medium. This was accompanied by increased production of short-chain fatty acids and a decrease in pH.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/metabolism
  20. Fulltext Oligosaccharides might contribute to the antidiabetic effect of honey: a review of the literature
    Erejuwa OO, Sulaiman SA, Wahab MS
    Molecules, 2011 Dec 28;17(1):248-66.
    PMID: 22205091 DOI: 10.3390/molecules17010248
    Evidence shows that honey improves glycemic control in diabetes mellitus. Besides its hypoglycemic effect, studies indicate that honey ameliorates lipid abnormalities in rats and humans with diabetes. The majority of these studies do not examine the mechanisms by which honey ameliorates glycemic and/or lipid derangements. The gut microbiota is now recognized for its ability to increase energy harvest from the diet and alter lipid metabolism of the host. Recently available data implicate a causal role of these gut microbes in the pathophysiology of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. In this review, we present some of the latest findings linking gut microbiota to pathogenesis of obesity, insulin resistance, and diabetes mellitus. The review also underlines data that demonstrate the beneficial effects of oligosaccharides on various abnormalities commonly associated with these disorders. Based on the similarities of some of these findings with those of honey, together with the evidence that honey contains oligosaccharides, we hypothesize that oligosaccharides present in honey might contribute to the antidiabetic and other health-related beneficial effects of honey. We anticipate that the possibility of oligosaccharides in honey contributing to the antidiabetic and other health-related effects of honey will stimulate a renewed research interest in this field.
    Matched MeSH terms: Oligosaccharides/metabolism*; Oligosaccharides/pharmacology
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