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  1. Clinical presentations and predictors of mortality for leptospirosis - A study from suburban area in Malaysia
    Fann RJ, Vidya RR, Chong HE, Indralingam V, Christopher Chan WS
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 01;75(1):52-56.
    PMID: 32008021
    INTRODUCTION: Malaysia is endemic for leptospirosis with increasing incidence recorded over the years. Perak has recorded one of the highest incidence and mortality of leptospirosis since 2004.

    METHODS: This is a retrospective study of confirmed leptospirosis cases in Larut, Matang and Selama (LMS) district in Perak reported in 2016. The demographic, clinical presentation, laboratory result and clinical outcomes data were analysed and presented.

    RESULTS: Forty-two patients with confirmed diagnosis of leptospirosis were included into the study. Majority of patients were males and Malays. The case fatality rate was 14.3%. Patients with leptospirosis present with variable clinical presentations and are commonly seen with coinfection. Patients 70-year-old and older, have clinical presentations suggestive of organ dysfunction and require intensive care are associated with higher mortality.

    CONCLUSION: Leptospirosis is endemic in LMS district of Perak with high incidence and case fatality rate. The clinical presentation of leptospirosis is variable. Co-infection of leptospirosis with other acute febrile illness is common. Patients presenting with symptoms and signs of organ dysfunctions or require intensive care are associated with an increased odds of death.

    Matched MeSH terms: Leptospira/isolation & purification
  2. Repeat endoscopy for recurrent iron deficiency anemia: an (un)expected finding from southeast Asia
    Mahadeva S, Qua CS, Yusoff W, Sulaiman W
    Dig Dis Sci, 2007 Feb;52(2):523-5.
    PMID: 17219070
    Matched MeSH terms: Ancylostoma/isolation & purification*
  3. Determination of molecular types and genetic heterogeneity of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii in Malaysia
    Tay ST, Lim HC, Tajuddin TH, Rohani MY, Hamimah H, Thong KL
    Med Mycol, 2006 Nov;44(7):617-22.
    PMID: 17071555
    The molecular types and genetic heterogeneity of Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii clinical isolates in Malaysia were determined in this study. Of 44 C. neoformans collected between 1980 and 2003, 42 (95.5%) were molecular type VNI, 2 (4.5%) were molecular type VNII. Of 17 C.gattii isolates, 13 (76.5%) were molecular type VGI, and 4 (23.5%) were molecular type VGII. A difference was noted when comparing the molecular types of cryptococcal isolates in the earlier and recent cases of cryptococcosis. While both molecular types VNI and VGI were equally predominant in the earlier cases of cryptococcosis, VNI was the most predominant molecular type isolated from the recent cases. VNII was a new molecular type, isolated from 5.1% of the recent cases. All the bird dropping isolates were molecular type VNI. The genetic heterogeneity of the two predominant molecular types, i.e., VNI, VGI clinical isolates and bird dropping isolates of C. neoformans were further determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fingerprinting method, using (GTG)5 as single primer. Two clusters of cryptococcal isolates were distinguished at 68.5% of similarity, with cluster I consisting of VNI isolates and cluster II consisting of VGI isolates. Each cluster was further subdivided into three subtypes at >/=80% of similarity. Fourteen bird dropping isolates were grouped into a subtype within VN1, sharing 82.7% of similarity with the clinical isolates. A higher degree of similarities, ranging from 93.4-97.6% was noted between 3 bird dropping isolates with the clinical isolates in another subtype. This study demonstrated the existence of various molecular types of C. neoformans isolates in Malaysia and the genetic heterogeneity within the predominant molecular types. The study also provides evidence for genetic relatedness of clinical isolates with bird dropping isolates in the environment.
    Matched MeSH terms: Cryptococcus neoformans/isolation & purification*
  4. Genetic Diversity of Pediculus humanus capitis (Phthiraptera: Pediculidae) in Peninsular Malaysia and Molecular Detection of Its Potential Associated Pathogens
    Mokhtar AS, Ling Lau Y, Wilson JJ, Abdul-Aziz NM
    J Med Entomol, 2020 05 04;57(3):915-926.
    PMID: 31828310 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjz234
    Pediculosis capitis caused by Pediculus humanus capitis (De Geer) is endemic all over the world, and children are mostly affected, particularly those living in overcrowded institutions. Several studies have shown that P. h. capitis carried human pathogenic bacteria, suggesting the potential role of head lice in the transmission of pathogens to humans. In this study, we determined the genetic diversity of head lice collected from welfare homes sheltering underprivileged children by using DNA barcoding and demonstrated the presence of Acinetobacter spp., Serratia marcescens, and Staphylococcus aureus in head lice, which have never been investigated before in Malaysia. Cox1 DNA barcoding identified the head lice, P. h. capitis collected from welfare homes across two geographical areas of Peninsular Malaysia as belonging to clades A, B, and D. Acinetobacter bacteria: Acinetobacter guillouiae, Acinetobacter junii, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Acinetobacter nosocomialis were detected in head lice belonging to clades A and also D. In addition, DNA from S. marcescens and S. aureus were also detected in both clades A and D. To our knowledge, this is the first report on the genetic diversity of head lice in Malaysia through DNA barcoding, as well as the first to provide molecular evidence on the type of bacteria occurring in head lice in Malaysia. It is anticipated that the DNA barcoding technique used in this study will be able to provide rapid and accurate identification of arthropods, in particular, medically important ectoparasites.
    Matched MeSH terms: Bacteria/isolation & purification*
  5. A longitudinal study of the prevalence of Nipah virus in Pteropus lylei bats in Thailand: evidence for seasonal preference in disease transmission
    Wacharapluesadee S, Boongird K, Wanghongsa S, Ratanasetyuth N, Supavonwong P, Saengsen D, et al.
    Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis, 2010 Mar;10(2):183-90.
    PMID: 19402762 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2008.0105
    After 12 serial Nipah virus outbreaks in humans since 1998, it has been noted that all except the initial event in Malaysia occurred during the first 5 months of the year. Increasingly higher morbidity and mortality have been observed in subsequent outbreaks in India and Bangladesh. This may have been related to different virus strains and transmission capability from bat to human without the need for an amplifying host and direct human-to-human transmission. A survey of virus strains in Pteropus lylei and seasonal preference for spillover of these viruses was completed in seven provinces of Central Thailand between May 2005 and June 2007. Nipah virus RNA sequences, which belonged to those of the Malaysian and Bangladesh strains, were detected in the urine of these bats, with the Bangladesh strain being dominant. Highest recovery of Nipah virus RNA was observed in May. Of two provincial sites where monthly surveys were done, the Bangladesh strain was almost exclusively detected during April to June. The Malaysian strain was found dispersed during December to June. Although direct contact during breeding (in December to April) was believed to be an important transmission factor, our results may not entirely support the role of breeding activities in spillage of virus. Greater virus shedding over extended periods in the case of the Malaysian strain and the highest peak of virus detection in May in the case of the Bangladesh strain when offspring started to separate may suggest that there may be responsible mechanisms other than direct contact during breeding in the same roost. Knowledge of seasonal preferences of Nipah virus shedding in P. lylei will help us to better understand the dynamics of Nipah virus transmission and have implications for disease management.
    Matched MeSH terms: Nipah Virus/isolation & purification*
  6. Conodiparines A-D, new bisindoles from Tabernaemontana. Reversal of vincristine-resistance with cultured cells
    Kam TS, Sim KM, Koyano T, Toyoshima M, Hayashi M, Komiyama K
    Bioorg Med Chem Lett, 1998 Jul 07;8(13):1693-6.
    PMID: 9873417
    Four new bisindoles of the vobasine-iboga type, conodiparines A-D were obtained from Tabernaemontana corymbosa which showed appreciable activity in reversing resistance in vincristine-resistant KB cells.
    Matched MeSH terms: Indoles/isolation & purification*
  7. Complete genome sequence of Serratia multitudinisentens RB-25(T), a novel chitinolytic bacterium
    Lim YL, Yong D, Ee R, Tee KK, Yin WF, Chan KG
    J Biotechnol, 2015 Aug 10;207:32-3.
    PMID: 25975625 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2015.04.027
    Serratia multitudinisentens RB-25(T) (=DSM 28811(T) =LMG 28304(T)) is a newly proposed type strain in the genus of Serratia isolated from a municipal landfill site. Here, we present the complete genome of S. multitudinisentens RB-25(T) which contains a complete chitinase operon and other chitin and N-acetylglucosamine utilisation enzymes. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the complete genome sequence of this novel isolate and its chitinase gene discovery.
    Matched MeSH terms: Serratia/isolation & purification*
  8. A new biological recovery approach for PHA using mealworm, Tenebrio molitor
    Murugan P, Han L, Gan CY, Maurer FH, Sudesh K
    J Biotechnol, 2016 Dec 10;239:98-105.
    PMID: 27746304 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.10.012
    Bacterial polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA) are expensive partly due to the recovery and purification processes. Thus, many studies have been carried out in order to minimize the cost. Here we report on the use of mealworm, which is the larva of mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) to recover PHA granules from Cupriavidus necator. Mealworms were shown to readily consume the freeze-dried C. necator cells and excrete the PHA granules in the form of whitish feces. Further purification using water, detergent and heat resulted in almost 100% pure PHA granules. Comparison with chloroform extraction showed no signs of reduction in the molecular weight and dispersion of the PHA molecules. Scanning electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering measurements revealed that the biologically recovered PHA granules retained their native spherical morphology. The PHA granules were subjected to a battery of tests to determine their purity and properties in comparison to the chloroform extracted PHA. This study has demonstrated the possibility of using mealworms as a biological agent to partially purify the PHA granules.
    Matched MeSH terms: Polyhydroxyalkanoates/isolation & purification*
  9. Extraction of nanosilica from oil palm leaves and its application as support for lipase immobilization
    Onoja E, Chandren S, Razak FIA, Wahab RA
    J Biotechnol, 2018 Oct 10;283:81-96.
    PMID: 30063951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.07.036
    The study reports the preparation of a composite consisting of magnetite coated with nanosilica extracted from oil palm leaves (OPL) ash as nanosupports for immobilization of Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) and its application for the synthesis of butyl butyrate. Results of immobilization parameters showed that ∼ 80% of CRL (84.5 mg) initially offered was immobilized onto the surface of the nanosupports to yield a maximum protein loading and specific activity of 67.5 ± 0.72 mg/g and 320.8 ± 0.42 U/g of support, respectively. Surface topography, morphology as well as information on surface composition obtained by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy showed that CRL was successfully immobilized onto the nanosupports, affirming its biocompatibility. Under optimal conditions (3.5 mg/mL protein loading, at 45 ℃, 3 h and molar ratio 2:1 (1-butanol:n-butyric acid) the CRL/Gl-A-SiO2-MNPs gave a maximum yield of 94 ± 0.24% butyl butyrate as compared to 84 ± 0.32% in the lyophilized CRL. CRL/Gl-A-SiO2-MNPs showed an extended operational stability, retaining 50% of its initial activity after 17 consecutive esterification cycles. The results indicated that OPL derived nanosilica coated on magnetite can potentially be employed as carrier for lipase immobilization in replacement of the non-renewable conventionalsilica sources.
    Matched MeSH terms: Silicon Dioxide/isolation & purification*
  10. Fulltext Characterization of a novel orthoreovirus isolated from fruit bat, China
    Hu T, Qiu W, He B, Zhang Y, Yu J, Liang X, et al.
    BMC Microbiol, 2014;14:293.
    PMID: 25433675 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-014-0293-4
    In recent years novel human respiratory disease agents have been described for Southeast Asia and Australia. The causative pathogens were classified as pteropine orthoreoviruses with a strong phylogenetic relationship to orthoreoviruses of bat origin.
    Matched MeSH terms: Orthoreovirus/isolation & purification*
  11. Fulltext Mass spectrometry-based identification and whole-genome characterisation of the first pteropine orthoreovirus isolated from monkey faeces in Thailand
    Kosoltanapiwat N, Reamtong O, Okabayashi T, Ampawong S, Rungruengkitkun A, Thiangtrongjit T, et al.
    BMC Microbiol, 2018 10 17;18(1):135.
    PMID: 30332986 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-018-1302-9
    BACKGROUND: The pteropine orthoreovirus (PRV) was isolated from monkey (Macaca fascicularis) faecal samples collected from human-inhabited areas in Lopburi Province, Thailand. These samples were initially obtained to survey for the presence of hepatitis E virus (HEV).

    RESULTS: Two virus isolates were retrieved by virus culture of 55 monkey faecal samples. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was successfully used to identify the viruses as the segmented dsRNA orthoreovirus. Phylogenetic analysis of the Lopburi orthoreovirus whole-genomes revealed relationships with the well-characterised PRVs Pulau (segment L1), Cangyuan (segments L2, M3 and S3), Melaka (segments L3 and M2), Kampar (segments M1 and S2) and Sikamat (segments S1 and S4) of Southeast Asia and China with nucleotide sequence identities of 93.5-98.9%. RT-PCR showed that PRV was detected in 10.9% (6/55) and HEV was detected in 25.5% (14/55) of the monkey faecal samples.

    CONCLUSIONS: PRV was isolated from monkey faeces for the first time in Thailand via viral culture and LC-MS/MS. The genetic diversity of the virus genome segments suggested a re-assortment within the PRV species group. The overall findings emphasise that monkey faeces can be sources of zoonotic viruses, including PRV and HEV, and suggest the need for active virus surveillance in areas of human and monkey co-habitation to prevent and control emerging zoonotic diseases in the future.

    Matched MeSH terms: Orthoreovirus/isolation & purification
  12. Heterogeneous response of Wuchereria bancrofti-infected persons to diethylcarbamazine (DEC) and its implications for the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF)
    Sankari T, Subramanian S, Hoti SL, Pani SP, Jambulingam P, Das PK
    Parasitol Res, 2021 Jan;120(1):311-319.
    PMID: 33146778 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06950-7
    DEC or ivermectin (IVM) in combination with albendazole (ALB) has been the recommended strategy of the Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) since 2000. Despite effective population coverage (> 65%) with several rounds of MDA with DEC or combination of DEC plus ALB, microfilariae persist in few individuals and they continue to be the source of infection for transmitting LF. We report an individual's variability in response to DEC by defining the response as complete absence of microfilaria (mf) (post-treatment mf count = 0) and non-response as presence of mf (post-treatment mf count ≥ 1). We analyzed follow-up data on individual's response to treatment from two randomized clinical trials in which 46 microfilaremic individuals were treated with single-dose DEC (6 mg/kg body weight). They were classified into low, medium, and high mf density categories based on their pre-treatment mf counts. Of the 46 individuals, 65.2% have not responded throughout the 12-month post-treatment period. Application of a logistic regression model with fixed (age, gender, mf density, post-treatment time, and their interactions) and random (individual's response over time) effects indicated that treatment response is independent of age, gender, and time. The overall treatment response increases in low and decreases in high mf density categories. Furthermore, the estimates for the random coefficients model showed that there is a greater variability in response between individuals over post-treatment time. The results substantiate that individual variation in response to DEC exists which indicate the importance of studying the parasite as well as host genetic factors associated with DEC action.
    Matched MeSH terms: Microfilaria/isolation & purification
  13. Prenatal developmental toxicity evaluation of Verbena officinalis during gestation period in female Sprague-Dawley rats
    Fateh AH, Mohamed Z, Chik Z, Alsalahi A, Md Zin SR, Alshawsh MA
    Chem Biol Interact, 2019 May 01;304:28-42.
    PMID: 30807743 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2019.02.016
    Verbena officinalis is widely used by women for maintaining general health and treating various gynaecological disorders during pregnancy. A case report has indicated that the consumption of V. officinalis induced an abortifacient effect. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the prenatal developmental toxicity of this plant according to OECD guideline (no. 414). A total of 50 pregnant female rats (dams) were distributed into five groups (n = 10); 500 mg/kg 1000 mg/2000 mg/kg and 3000 mg/kg of V. offcinalis extracts and the fifth group served as a normal control. All dams received their respective oral single daily treatment from the 6th to the 20th day of gestation. Maternal clinical toxicity signs, body weight and weight gain were recorded. Caesarean sections were performed on day 21 to evaluate embryo-foetal developmental toxicity. For dams, ovaries were harvested and weighed. The number of corpora lutea, implantation sites, and resorptions were recorded. No mortality was observed in dams, but their body weight gain was significantly reduced particularly in dams treated with 2000 and 3000 mg/kg V. officinalis. Asymmetrical distribution of implantation sites and embryos were observed. Embryo-fetotoxicity retardation was observed as evident by the decrease in foetal weight, head cranium, tail length, and higher incidence in the pre-and post-implantation loss. Some foetal skeleton abnormalities such as incomplete ossification of skull, sternebrae, and metatarsal bones were observed in foetuses of the 2000 and 3000 mg/kg V. officinalis-treated dams. LC/MS analysis identified the major constituents including geniposidic acid, tuberonic acid glucoside, luteolin 7, 3'-digalacturonide, iridotrial and apigenin. The glycosylated flavonoids such as apigenin and luteolin could be responsible for the reported prenatal developmental toxicity. In conclusion, the use of V. officinalis during pregnancy is not safe indicating evidence-based toxic effects on the reproductive performance of dams and dose-dependent risk potentials to the foetuses.
    Matched MeSH terms: Plant Extracts/isolation & purification
  14. Multiple crystallization as a potential strategy for efficient recovery of succinic acid following fermentation with immobilized cells
    Luthfi AAI, Tan JP, Isa NFAM, Bukhari NA, Shah SSM, Mahmod SS, et al.
    Bioprocess Biosyst Eng, 2020 Jul;43(7):1153-1169.
    PMID: 32095989 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-020-02311-x
    This study aimed to enhance the crystallizability of bio-based succinic acid for its efficient recovery while maintaining the end product at the highest purity. Immobilization of Actinobacillus succinogenes was initially evaluated based on three different carriers: volcanic glass, clay pebbles, and silica particles. The adsorption capacity of metabolites with a low concentration (10 g/L) and a high concentration (40 g/L) was investigated. It was demonstrated that clay pebbles adsorbed the least succinic acid (
    Matched MeSH terms: Succinic Acid/isolation & purification*
  15. Fulltext Comparative Study of The Yield and Physicochemical Properties of Collagen from Sea Cucumber (Holothuria scabra), Obtained through Dialysis and the Ultrafiltration Membrane
    Saallah S, Roslan J, Julius FS, Saallah S, Mohamad Razali UH, Pindi W, et al.
    Molecules, 2021 Apr 28;26(9).
    PMID: 33924820 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092564
    Collagen was extracted from the body wall of sea cucumber (Holothuria scabra) using the pepsin-solubilized collagen method followed by isolation using dialysis and the ultrafiltration membrane. The yield and physicochemical properties of the collagen obtained from both isolation methods, denoted as D-PSC and UF-PSC, were compared. The ultrafiltration method affords a higher yield of collagen (11.39%) than that of the dialysis (5.15%). The isolated collagens have almost the same amino acid composition, while their functional groups, referred to as amide A, B, I, II, and III bands, were in accordance with commercial collagen, as verified by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The UV-Vis absorption peaks at 240 nm and 220 nm, respectively, indicated that the collagens produced are type-I collagen. The D-PSC showed interconnecting sheet-like fibrils, while the UF-PSC exhibited a flaky structure with flat-sheets arranged very close to each other. The higher yield and comparable physicochemical properties of the collagen obtained by ultrafiltration as compared with dialysis indicate that the membrane process has high potential to be used in large-scale collagen production for food and pharmaceutical applications.
    Matched MeSH terms: Collagen/isolation & purification*
  16. Fulltext Production of Biodegradable Polymer from Agro-Wastes in Alcaligenes sp. and Pseudomonas sp
    Sayyed RZ, Shaikh SS, Wani SJ, Rehman MT, Al Ajmi MF, Haque S, et al.
    Molecules, 2021 Apr 22;26(9).
    PMID: 33922162 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092443
    The present study was aimed to evaluate the suitability of agro-wastes and crude vegetable oils for the cost-effective production of poly-β-hydroxybutyrate (PHB), to evaluate growth kinetics and PHB production in Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 with these carbon substrates and to study the biodegradation of PHB accumulated by these cultures. Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 accumulates higher amounts of PHB corn (79.90% of dry cell mass) and rice straw (66.22% of dry cell mass) medium respectively. The kinetic model suggests that the Pseudomonas sp. RZS1 follows the Monod model more closely than A. faecalis RZS4. Both the cultures degrade their PHB extract under the influence of PHB depolymerase. Corn waste and rice straw appear as the best and cost-effective substrates for the sustainable production of PHB from Alcaligenes faecalis RZS4 and Pseudomonas sp. RZS1. The biopolymer accumulated by these organisms is biodegradable in nature. The agro-wastes and crude vegetable oils are good and low-cost sources of nutrients for the growth and production of PHB and other metabolites. Their use would lower the production cost of PHB and the low-cost production will reduce the sailing price of PHB-based products. This would promote the large-scale commercialization and popularization of PHB as an ecofriendly bioplastic/biopolymer.
    Matched MeSH terms: Biopolymers/isolation & purification
  17. Fulltext The indonesian variants of CRF33_01B: Near-full length sequence analysis
    SahBandar IN, Takahashi K, Motomura K, Djoerban Z, Firmansyah I, Kitamura K, et al.
    AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses, 2011 Jan;27(1):97-102.
    PMID: 20958201 DOI: 10.1089/aid.2010.0163
    Cocirculation of subtype B and CRF01_AE in Southeast Asia has led to the establishment of new recombinant forms. In our previous study, we found five samples suspected of being recombinants between subtype B and CRF01_AE, and here, we analyzed near full-length sequences of two samples and compared them to known CRFs_01B, subtype B, and CRF01_AE. Five overlapped segments were amplified with nested PCR from PBMC DNA, sequenced, and analyzed for genome mosaicism. The two Indonesian samples, 07IDJKT189 and 07IDJKT194, showed genome-mosaic patterns similar to CRF33_01B references from Malaysia, with one short segment in the 3' end of the p31 integrase-coding region, which was rather more similar to subtype B than CRF01_AE, consisting of unclassified sequences. These results suggest gene-specific continuous diversification and spread of the CRF33_01B genomes in Southeast Asia.
    Matched MeSH terms: HIV-1/isolation & purification
  18. Susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolated in Malaysian hospitals
    Rohani MY, Raudzah A, Lau MG, Zaidatul AA, Salbiah MN, Keah KC, et al.
    Int J Antimicrob Agents, 2000 Jan;13(3):209-13.
    PMID: 10724026
    Isolates of 390 Staphylococcus aureus were tested against 13 different antibiotics by a disc diffusion method as recommended by the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS). Strains were isolated from blood (5.7%), cerebrospinal fluid (0.5%), respiratory tract (11.8%), pus and wound (73.3%), urine (1.8%), genital specimens (1.0%) and other specimens (4.3%). Only 4.6% of the isolates were fully susceptible to all the drugs tested. Resistance to penicillin was 94.1%, methicillin, 39.7%, chloramphenicol, 8.5%, ciprofloxacin, 29.2%, clindamycin, 2.1%, erythromycin, 45.9% gentamicin, 40.5%; rifampicin, 3.3% tetracycline, 47.2%, co-trimoxazole, 38.5%, mupirocin, 2.8%, fusidic acid, 3.6%. None of the isolates was resistant to vancomycin. The susceptibility of methicillin-resistant strains to erythromycin, gentamicin, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin was low, while clindamycin, fusidic acid, mupirocin, and rifampicin remained active.
    Matched MeSH terms: Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification
  19. Mimotopes of the Vi antigen of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi identified from phage display peptide library
    Tang SS, Tan WS, Devi S, Wang LF, Pang T, Thong KL
    Clin Diagn Lab Immunol, 2003 Nov;10(6):1078-84.
    PMID: 14607870
    The capsular polysaccharide Vi antigen (ViCPS) is an essential virulence factor and also a protective antigen of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. A random 12-mer phage-displayed peptide library was used to identify mimotopes (epitope analogues) of this antigen by panning against a ViCPS-specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) ATVi. Approximately 75% of the phage clones selected in the fourth round carried the peptide sequence TSHHDSHGLHRV, and the rest of the clones harbored ENHSPVNIAHKL and other related sequences. These two sequences were also obtained in a similar panning process by using pooled sera from patients with a confirmed diagnosis of typhoid fever, suggesting they mimic immunodominant epitopes of ViCPS antigens. Binding of MAb ATVi to the mimotopes was specifically blocked by ViCPS, indicating that they interact with the same binding site (paratope) of the MAb. Data and reagents generated in this study have important implications for the development of peptide-base diagnostic tests and peptide vaccines and may also provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of typhoid fever.
    Matched MeSH terms: Salmonella typhi/isolation & purification
  20. A case report of severe mycoplasma pneumonia with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia
    Roshan S, Tan SW
    Med J Malaysia, 2020 09;75(5):600-602.
    PMID: 32918437
    Mycoplasma pneumonia is a common cause of respiratory disease and more so in school going children. The spectrum of the manifestations range from haematological, dermatological, neurological, musculoskeletal, renal, cardiac and also gastrointestinal. The treatment approach has varied over time. In this report we would like to share our experience in a case of M.pneumonia with autoimmune haemolytic anaemia (AIHA).
    Matched MeSH terms: Mycoplasma pneumoniae/isolation & purification
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